技术领域technical field
本发明属于缓释肥料制备领域，具体涉及一种通过木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物制备缓释肥料的方法。The invention belongs to the field of preparation of slow-release fertilizers, in particular to a method for preparing slow-release fertilizers from lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residues.
背景技术Background technique
缓释肥又称长效肥料，主要指施入土壤后转变为植物有效养分的速度比普通肥料缓慢的肥料。目前，制备缓释肥主要有通过在氮肥中加入生化抑制剂(如脲酶抑制剂和硝化抑制剂)的生物化学方法和物理方法。物理方法中，添加材料和普通肥料的结合方法主要有掺混型、包膜型和吸附型。Slow-release fertilizers, also known as long-acting fertilizers, mainly refer to fertilizers that transform into effective nutrients for plants after being applied to the soil at a slower rate than ordinary fertilizers. At present, there are mainly biochemical and physical methods for preparing slow-release fertilizers by adding biochemical inhibitors (such as urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors) to nitrogen fertilizers. Among the physical methods, the combination methods of additive materials and common fertilizers mainly include blending type, coating type and adsorption type.
在增强肥料的缓释效果方式中，包膜是一种非常有效的手段。包膜材料为在肥料颗粒表面涂覆其它物质制成的一类缓释肥料，用于成膜的物质有天然产品和人工合成的多聚体，如聚氨基甲酸乙酯、聚乙烯、石蜡、油脂、沥青和硫磺等。成膜后，具有减少肥料与外界的直接接触、控制水溶性肥料粒子中养分的释放速率，改善肥料理化性能等作用。In the way of enhancing the slow release effect of fertilizers, coating is a very effective means. The coating material is a kind of slow-release fertilizer made by coating other substances on the surface of fertilizer particles. The materials used for film formation include natural products and artificially synthesized polymers, such as polyurethane, polyethylene, paraffin, Grease, asphalt and sulfur etc. After the film is formed, it has the functions of reducing the direct contact between the fertilizer and the outside world, controlling the release rate of nutrients in the water-soluble fertilizer particles, and improving the physical and chemical properties of the fertilizer.
包膜化肥是近年来开发迅速的缓释肥料，也是最具控制肥料养分释放与作物养分需求相协同特性的一类肥料，包膜肥料可减少化肥与外界的直接接触，从而控制水溶性化肥的养分释放速率，延长肥效期，提高化肥利用率，减轻施肥对环境的污染。但是目前缓释肥料还存在工艺复杂，成本较高，缓释效果不佳的缺陷，虽然聚合物包膜缓释肥料具有较好的缓释效果，但易对土壤造成二次污染等。Coated fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer that has been developed rapidly in recent years. It is also a type of fertilizer with the most synergistic characteristics of controlling fertilizer nutrient release and crop nutrient demand. Coated fertilizer can reduce the direct contact between chemical fertilizers and the outside world, thereby controlling water-soluble fertilizers. Increase the nutrient release rate, prolong the fertilizer effect period, improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, and reduce the environmental pollution caused by fertilization. However, the current slow-release fertilizers still have the disadvantages of complicated process, high cost and poor slow-release effect. Although the polymer-coated slow-release fertilizer has a good slow-release effect, it is easy to cause secondary pollution to the soil.
木质纤维乙醇发酵剩余物中60％以上为木质素，10％左右为未降解的纤维素。在木质纤维乙醇转化过程中每生产1吨乙醇，约有1.5-2吨的剩余物产生，剩余物的有效利用成为制约木质纤维乙醇技术发展的瓶颈。More than 60% of the residue of lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation is lignin, and about 10% is undegraded cellulose. For every ton of ethanol produced in the process of lignocellulosic ethanol conversion, about 1.5-2 tons of residues are produced, and the effective utilization of residues has become a bottleneck restricting the development of lignocellulosic ethanol technology.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明公开了一种环境友好、成本低，易于工业化生产，得到的缓释肥料缓释效果佳、缓释期长的以木质纤维乙醇剩余物为主体材料制备缓释肥料的方法。The invention discloses a method for preparing slow-release fertilizers with lignocellulosic ethanol residues as the main material, which is environmentally friendly, low in cost, easy for industrialized production, and has good slow-release effect and long slow-release period.
本发明的技术方案：Technical scheme of the present invention:
一种通过木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物制备缓释肥料的方法，包括以下步骤：包括以下步骤：加碱调节木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅰ的pH为8.0-9.0，加入酸酐或甲醛，于80-95℃反应，进一步加入聚乙烯醇溶液，于80-95℃反应，得到包膜液；A method for preparing slow-release fertilizers through lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residues, comprising the following steps: adding alkali to adjust the pH of lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residues I to 8.0-9.0, adding acid anhydride or formaldehyde, at 80 React at -95°C, further add polyvinyl alcohol solution, react at 80-95°C to obtain the coating solution;
将化肥、木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅱ、蒙脱土、海藻酸钠溶液混合，加水搅拌，得到混合液，滴加至氯化钙溶液中均匀成球，干燥，得到肥芯；mixing chemical fertilizer, lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue II, montmorillonite, and sodium alginate solution, adding water and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding it dropwise to a calcium chloride solution to uniformly form balls, drying to obtain a fertilizer core;
将所述包膜液喷涂于肥芯表面，干燥，得到缓释肥料。The coating liquid is sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer core and dried to obtain the slow-release fertilizer.
优选的方案中，所述木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅰ与酸酐或醛的质量比为5-30：2-10。In a preferred solution, the mass ratio of the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue I to the acid anhydride or aldehyde is 5-30:2-10.
优选的方案中，所述木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅰ与聚乙烯醇的质量比为5-30：5-10。In a preferred scheme, the mass ratio of the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue I to polyvinyl alcohol is 5-30:5-10.
优选的方案中，所述木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅰ与生化抑制剂的质量比为5-30：2-5。In a preferred solution, the mass ratio of the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue I to the biochemical inhibitor is 5-30:2-5.
优选的方案中，向包膜液中进一步加入生化抑制剂，搅拌，充分混合，得到缓释肥料包膜液后再喷涂于肥芯表面。In a preferred solution, biochemical inhibitors are further added to the coating solution, stirred and thoroughly mixed to obtain the slow-release fertilizer coating solution and then sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer core.
优选的方案中，所述生化抑制剂为脲酶抑制剂或硝化抑制剂。In a preferred solution, the biochemical inhibitor is a urease inhibitor or a nitrification inhibitor.
进一步优选所述生化抑制剂为硼酸或氢醌。Further preferably, the biochemical inhibitor is boric acid or hydroquinone.
优选的方案中，所述肥芯的制备过程中，化肥、木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅱ、蒙脱土、水、海藻酸钠溶液的质量比为30-50：4-6：2-4：50：40-60，形成混合液，所述海藻酸钠溶液的质量浓度为3-5％。In a preferred solution, during the preparation of the fertilizer core, the mass ratio of chemical fertilizer, lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue II, montmorillonite, water, and sodium alginate solution is 30-50:4-6:2-4 :50:40-60 to form a mixed solution, the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 3-5%.
优选的方案中，所述氯化钙溶液的质量浓度为4-6％In a preferred scheme, the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 4-6%
优选的方案中，缓释肥料中，包膜占缓释肥料质量百分数的10-20％，肥芯占缓释肥料质量百分数的80-90％。In a preferred scheme, in the slow-release fertilizer, the coating accounts for 10-20% of the mass percentage of the slow-release fertilizer, and the fertilizer core accounts for 80-90% of the mass percentage of the slow-release fertilizer.
优选的方案中，所使用的木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物经干燥粉碎后过80-150目筛备用。In a preferred solution, the used lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue is dried and pulverized, and passed through a 80-150 mesh sieve for use.
优选的方案中，所述酸酐为乙酸酐、柠檬酸酐中的一种或两种。In a preferred scheme, the acid anhydride is one or both of acetic anhydride and citric anhydride.
优选的方案中，所述醛为甲醛或乙醛。In a preferred scheme, the aldehyde is formaldehyde or acetaldehyde.
优选的方案中，所述碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。In a preferred scheme, the alkali is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
优选的方案中，所述包膜液通过包衣机或流化床喷涂于肥芯表面。In a preferred solution, the coating solution is sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer core by a coating machine or a fluidized bed.
优选的方案中，木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物经干燥粉碎后过80-150目筛备用。In a preferred solution, the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue is dried and pulverized and passed through a 80-150 mesh sieve for use.
优选的方案中，取5-30重量份干燥粉碎后的木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物，与70-95重量份纯水混合，采用NaOH溶液调节pH至8.0-9.0，超声分散1-6h。In a preferred solution, 5-30 parts by weight of dried and pulverized lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue is mixed with 70-95 parts by weight of pure water, adjusted to pH 8.0-9.0 with NaOH solution, and ultrasonically dispersed for 1-6 hours.
优选的方案中，超声波处理后的木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物溶液中，加入2-10重量份的酸酐或甲醛，在80-95℃恒温水浴中，机械搅拌2-10h。In a preferred solution, 2-10 parts by weight of acid anhydride or formaldehyde is added to the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue solution after ultrasonic treatment, and mechanically stirred for 2-10 hours in a constant temperature water bath at 80-95°C.
优选的方案中，聚乙烯醇为AH-26，醇解度为98％。In a preferred scheme, the polyvinyl alcohol is AH-26, and the degree of alcoholysis is 98%.
优选的方案中，聚乙烯醇溶液通过将5-10重量份聚乙烯醇溶于90-95重量份的水中得到。In a preferred solution, the polyvinyl alcohol solution is obtained by dissolving 5-10 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol in 90-95 parts by weight of water.
优选的方案中，将聚乙烯醇溶液加入木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物与酸酐或甲醛溶液中，在80-95℃水浴中，机械搅拌2-10h，获得木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液。In a preferred solution, the polyvinyl alcohol solution is added to the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue and acid anhydride or formaldehyde solution, and mechanically stirred for 2-10 hours in a water bath at 80-95°C to obtain a slow-release fertilizer for the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue Encapsulation fluid.
本发明中，木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅰ与木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物Ⅱ均为木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物，只是由于在不同的步骤中加入而做区分。In the present invention, lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue I and lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue II are lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residues, which are distinguished only because they are added in different steps.
本发明的有益效果Beneficial effects of the present invention
本发明得到了一种全新的缓释肥料，发明人首次使用木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物为原料，制备得到了缓释效果好、土壤性能得到改善的缓释肥料。The present invention obtains a brand-new slow-release fertilizer. For the first time, the inventor uses lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue as a raw material to prepare a slow-release fertilizer with good slow-release effect and improved soil performance.
相对现有技术中使用木质素制备缓释肥料，本发明的难度更大，因为木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物的成分更为复杂，根本无法按照木质素的方法和配料来制备缓释肥料，对此，发明人经过大量的研究，通过对选用的原料，制备的过程，原料的添加顺序以及反应过程进行严格控制，不仅将木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物得到了重复利用，且得到了一种环境友好，有效改善土壤性质，且能够获得良好缓释效果的缓释肥料。Compared with the preparation of slow-release fertilizers using lignin in the prior art, the present invention is more difficult, because the components of lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residues are more complicated, and it is impossible to prepare slow-release fertilizers according to the method and ingredients of lignin. Therefore, after a lot of research, the inventor has strictly controlled the selected raw materials, the preparation process, the addition sequence of raw materials and the reaction process, not only the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residues have been reused, but also an environmental Friendly, slow-release fertilizer that effectively improves soil properties and can obtain good slow-release effects.
特别是通过将本发明的包膜液和特制肥芯综合使用，能够获得非常显著的协同增效的有益效果。Especially through the comprehensive use of the coating liquid of the present invention and the special fertilizer core, very significant synergistic beneficial effects can be obtained.
本发明的养分缓释期达到65天。The nutrient slow-release period of the present invention reaches 65 days.
本发明的制备方法简单，成本低廉，所需成本仅为树脂包衣缓释肥料的30-50％，易于工业化生产；不会对土壤产生二次污染；包膜液在降解后还可提高土壤有机质含量，增加土壤通透性，改善土壤板结化。本发明有效地利用了木质纤维乙醇剩余物，既解决了剩余物的处理问题，又促进了农林施肥模式的改善。The preparation method of the present invention is simple and low in cost, and the required cost is only 30-50% of that of the resin-coated slow-release fertilizer, which is easy for industrialized production; it will not cause secondary pollution to the soil; Organic matter content, increase soil permeability, improve soil compaction. The invention effectively utilizes the residue of lignocellulosic ethanol, solves the problem of processing the residue, and promotes the improvement of the agricultural and forestry fertilization mode.
本发明工艺简单可行，各成分均可降解，适用于农林业生态施肥。The process of the invention is simple and feasible, each component can be degraded, and is suitable for ecological fertilization in agriculture and forestry.
通过施用本发明的缓释肥料，有机质含量、土壤通气孔隙度、养分利用率、植株高度、径粗均大大提高。By applying the slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, the organic matter content, soil aeration porosity, nutrient utilization rate, plant height and diameter are greatly improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的实施例1制备得到的缓释肥料的照片。Fig. 1 is a photo of the slow-release fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
图2为施肥75天后照片(左：尿素量为100mg氮/kg土壤，右：木质纤维乙醇剩余物缓释肥料量为100mg氮/kg土壤)。Fig. 2 is a photo after 75 days of fertilization (left: the amount of urea is 100 mg nitrogen/kg soil, right: the amount of lignocellulosic ethanol residue slow-release fertilizer is 100 mg nitrogen/kg soil).
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合实施例旨在进一步说明本发明，而非限制本发明。The following examples are intended to further illustrate the present invention, rather than limit the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物经干燥粉碎后过100目筛备用。取20g干燥粉碎后的木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物加入到500mL三口烧瓶中，并加入80mL纯水进行混合，采用NaOH溶液调节pH至8.0，置于超声波清洗仪中处理6h。Lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residues are dried and pulverized, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve for later use. Take 20g of dried and pulverized lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue into a 500mL three-neck flask, add 80mL of pure water for mixing, use NaOH solution to adjust the pH to 8.0, and place it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 6 hours.
在装有木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物溶液的三口烧瓶中，缓慢的滴加5g的甲醛溶液，在90℃恒温水浴中，机械搅拌6h。In the three-neck flask containing the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue solution, 5 g of formaldehyde solution was slowly added dropwise, and mechanically stirred for 6 hours in a constant temperature water bath at 90°C.
将10g聚乙烯醇(AH-26，醇解度为98％)缓慢的加入90mL纯水中，边加边迅速搅拌，温度从室温逐步升至40℃。Slowly add 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol (AH-26, alcoholysis degree: 98%) into 90 mL of pure water, stir rapidly while adding, and gradually raise the temperature from room temperature to 40°C.
将聚乙烯醇溶液缓慢的滴加到木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物与甲醛溶液中，90℃水浴，机械搅拌10h，获得木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液。The polyvinyl alcohol solution is slowly added dropwise to the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue and formaldehyde solution, in a water bath at 90° C., and mechanically stirred for 10 hours to obtain a slow-release fertilizer coating liquid of the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue.
将3g硼酸加入到木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液中，进行充分混合，制得含生化抑制剂的缓释肥料包膜液。Adding 3g of boric acid into the slow-release fertilizer coating liquid of lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue, and fully mixing to prepare the slow-release fertilizer coating liquid containing biochemical inhibitors.
取50g尿素、4g木质纤维乙醇剩余物粉末、2g蒙脱土、50mL水置于三口烧瓶中，85℃水浴中机械搅拌30min，获得混合液，与50mL的4％海藻酸钠溶液充分混合，滴入5％氯化钙溶液中均匀成球，取出成球颗粒放入恒温烘干箱中50℃干燥，得到肥芯。Take 50g of urea, 4g of lignocellulosic ethanol residue powder, 2g of montmorillonite, and 50mL of water in a three-necked flask, and mechanically stir in a water bath at 85°C for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, which is fully mixed with 50mL of 4% sodium alginate solution, dripped Put it into 5% calcium chloride solution to evenly form balls, take out the balled particles and put them in a constant temperature drying box for drying at 50°C to obtain fertilizer cores.
将所得肥芯置于圆盘包衣机中，将含生物抑制剂的缓释肥料包膜液喷涂于肥芯表面，用风机快速干燥，制得含生化抑制剂的包膜型缓释肥料，包膜占缓释肥料质量百分数15％，肥芯占缓释肥料质量百分数85％。The obtained fertilizer core is placed in a disc coating machine, the slow-release fertilizer coating liquid containing the biological inhibitor is sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer core, and the air blower is used for quick drying to obtain a coated slow-release fertilizer containing the biochemical inhibitor. The coating film accounts for 15% of the mass percentage of the slow-release fertilizer, and the fertilizer core accounts for 85% of the mass percentage of the slow-release fertilizer.
实施例2Example 2
木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物经干燥粉碎后过100目筛备用。取20g干燥粉碎后的木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物加入到500mL三口烧瓶中，并加入80mL纯水进行混合，采用NaOH溶液调节pH至8.0，置于超声波清洗仪中处理6h。Lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residues are dried and pulverized, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve for later use. Take 20g of dried and pulverized lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue into a 500mL three-neck flask, add 80mL of pure water for mixing, use NaOH solution to adjust the pH to 8.0, and place it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 6 hours.
在装有木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物溶液的三口烧瓶中，加入5g的乙酸酐，在90℃恒温水浴中，机械搅拌6h。Add 5 g of acetic anhydride to a three-neck flask containing the solution of lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue, and mechanically stir for 6 h in a constant temperature water bath at 90°C.
将10g聚乙烯醇(AH-26，醇解度为98％)缓慢的加入90mL纯水中，边加边迅速搅拌，温度从室温逐步升至40℃。Slowly add 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol (AH-26, alcoholysis degree: 98%) into 90 mL of pure water, stir rapidly while adding, and gradually raise the temperature from room temperature to 40°C.
将聚乙烯醇溶液缓慢的滴加到木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物与甲醛溶液中，90℃水浴，机械搅拌10h，获得木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液。The polyvinyl alcohol solution is slowly added dropwise to the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue and formaldehyde solution, in a water bath at 90° C., and mechanically stirred for 10 hours to obtain a slow-release fertilizer coating liquid of the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue.
将3g氢醌加入到木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液中，进行充分混合，制得含生化抑制剂的缓释肥料包膜液。Adding 3g of hydroquinone into the slow-release fertilizer coating liquid of lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue, and fully mixing to prepare the slow-release fertilizer coating liquid containing biochemical inhibitors.
取40g尿素、5g木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物粉末、2g蒙脱土、50mL水置于三口烧瓶中，85℃水浴中机械搅拌30min，获得混合液，与50mL的4％海藻酸钠溶液充分混合，滴入5％氯化钙溶液中均匀成球，取出成球颗粒放入恒温烘干箱中50℃干燥，得到肥芯。Take 40g of urea, 5g of lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue powder, 2g of montmorillonite, and 50mL of water in a three-necked flask, and mechanically stir in a water bath at 85°C for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, which is fully mixed with 50mL of 4% sodium alginate solution , drop into 5% calcium chloride solution to evenly form balls, take out the balled particles and put them in a constant temperature drying oven at 50°C to dry to obtain fertilizer cores.
将肥芯置于圆盘包衣机中，将含生物抑制剂的缓释肥料包膜液喷涂于肥芯表面，用风机快速干燥，制得含生化抑制剂的包膜型缓释肥料，包膜占缓释肥料质量百分数17％，肥芯占缓释肥料质量百分数83％。Put the fertilizer core in a disc coating machine, spray the slow-release fertilizer coating solution containing biological inhibitors on the surface of the fertilizer core, and dry it quickly with a fan to obtain a coated slow-release fertilizer containing biochemical inhibitors. The film accounts for 17% by mass of the slow-release fertilizer, and the fertilizer core accounts for 83% by mass of the slow-release fertilizer.
实施例3Example 3
木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物经干燥粉碎后过100目筛备用。取20g干燥粉碎后的木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物加入到500mL三口烧瓶中，并加入80mL纯水进行混合，采用NaOH溶液调节pH至8.0，置于超声波清洗仪中处理6h。Lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residues are dried and pulverized, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve for later use. Take 20g of dried and pulverized lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue into a 500mL three-neck flask, add 80mL of pure water for mixing, use NaOH solution to adjust the pH to 8.0, and place it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 6 hours.
在装有木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物溶液的三口烧瓶中，缓慢的滴加5g的甲醛溶液，在90℃恒温水浴中，机械搅拌6h。In the three-neck flask containing the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue solution, 5 g of formaldehyde solution was slowly added dropwise, and mechanically stirred for 6 hours in a constant temperature water bath at 90°C.
将10g聚乙烯醇(AH-26，醇解度为98％)缓慢的加入90mL纯水中，边加边迅速搅拌，温度从室温逐步升至40℃。Slowly add 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol (AH-26, alcoholysis degree: 98%) into 90 mL of pure water, stir rapidly while adding, and gradually raise the temperature from room temperature to 40°C.
将聚乙烯醇溶液缓慢的滴加到木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物与甲醛溶液中，90℃水浴，机械搅拌10h，获得木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液。The polyvinyl alcohol solution is slowly added dropwise to the lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue and formaldehyde solution, in a water bath at 90° C., and mechanically stirred for 10 hours to obtain a slow-release fertilizer coating liquid of the lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue.
取40g磷酸氢二钾、5g木质纤维乙醇剩余物粉末、2g蒙脱土、50mL水置于三口烧瓶中，85℃水浴中机械搅拌30min，获得混合液，与50mL的4％海藻酸钠溶液充分混合，滴入5％氯化钙溶液中均匀成球，取出成球颗粒放入恒温烘干箱中50℃干燥，得到肥芯。Take 40g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5g of lignocellulosic ethanol residue powder, 2g of montmorillonite, and 50mL of water in a three-necked flask, and mechanically stir in a water bath at 85°C for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, which is mixed with 50mL of 4% sodium alginate solution Mix, drop into 5% calcium chloride solution to evenly form balls, take out the balled particles and put them in a constant temperature drying oven at 50°C to dry to obtain fertilizer cores.
将含磷酸氢二钾肥芯置于圆盘包衣机中，将木质纤维素乙醇发酵剩余物缓释肥料包膜液喷涂于尿素肥芯表面，用风机快速干燥，制得包膜型缓释肥料，包膜占缓释肥料质量百分数20％，肥芯占缓释肥料质量百分数80％。Put the fertilizer core containing dipotassium hydrogen phosphate in a disc coating machine, spray the slow-release fertilizer coating solution of lignocellulose ethanol fermentation residue on the surface of the urea fertilizer core, and dry it quickly with a fan to obtain a coated slow-release fertilizer , the coating accounts for 20% of the mass percentage of the slow-release fertilizer, and the fertilizer core accounts for 80% of the mass percentage of the slow-release fertilizer.
实施例4Example 4
将实施例1所得缓释肥料以100mg氮/kg土壤施入菜豆树盆栽中，40天取样，与施尿素量为100mg氮/kg土壤的盆栽比较，有机质含量增加3.9％，土壤通气孔隙度增加了2.5％，养分利用率提高了13.10％，植株高度提高了20.39％，径粗提高了17.39％；50天取样，有机质含量增加4.8％，土壤通气孔隙度增加了3.4％，养分利用率提高了19.33％，植株高度提高了30.76％，径粗提高了25.71％；养分缓释期达到65天。The slow-release fertilizer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the potted bean plant with 100mg nitrogen/kg soil, and sampling is carried out in 40 days. Compared with the potted plant whose urea application rate is 100mg nitrogen/kg soil, the organic matter content increases by 3.9%, and the aeration porosity of the soil increases The nutrient utilization rate increased by 2.5%, the nutrient utilization rate increased by 13.10%, the plant height increased by 20.39%, and the diameter increased by 17.39%; 50 days of sampling, the organic matter content increased by 4.8%, the soil ventilation porosity increased by 3.4%, and the nutrient utilization rate increased. 19.33%, plant height increased by 30.76%, diameter increased by 25.71%; nutrient slow release period reached 65 days.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610398510.8ACN106083489B (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2016-06-07 | A method for preparing slow-release fertilizer by lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue |
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| CN201610398510.8ACN106083489B (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2016-06-07 | A method for preparing slow-release fertilizer by lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation residue |
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| CN102167647A (en)* | 2011-05-09 | 2011-08-31 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Degradable composite coating material and preparation method and application thereof in controlled release fertilizer |
| CN102199050A (en)* | 2010-12-15 | 2011-09-28 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105130682A (en)* | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-09 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for preparing composite fertilizer by virtue of wood fiber ethanol fermentation residue |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102199050A (en)* | 2010-12-15 | 2011-09-28 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102167647A (en)* | 2011-05-09 | 2011-08-31 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Degradable composite coating material and preparation method and application thereof in controlled release fertilizer |
| CN105130682A (en)* | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-09 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for preparing composite fertilizer by virtue of wood fiber ethanol fermentation residue |
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| CN115053684A (en)* | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-16 | 山东实力农业股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method of value-added fertilizer |
| CN115053684B (en)* | 2022-07-07 | 2023-03-28 | 山东实力农业股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method of value-added fertilizer |
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