Dentoid process of axis's sightTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medicine equipment, guided in specifically a kind for the treatment of for fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata hollowDentoid process of axis's sight of screw positioning.
Background technology
Fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata is the common fracture of cervical vertebra, accounts for the 10%~14% of fracture of cervical spine.Untreated or treatment are notThe odontoid fracture disunion rate caused by is 42-72%, and potential atlanto-axial instability simultaneously be present and determine, may cause brain stem,The acute or chronic damage of spinal cord or nerve root, cause serious quadriplegia, respiratory dysfunction, in addition it is dead.Therefore to pivotThe patient of vertebra odontoid fracture answers active treatment.From 1981, report used the direct treatment of internal fixation of odontoid fracture of screw firstSince, it has proven convenient that compared with traditional treatment method, this technology can not only rebuild the stability of articulatio atlantoepistrophica for clinical practice,The activity of articulatio atlantoepistrophica can also be retained to greatest extent, operation wound is small, and union rate is high, and is obviously improved minimal invasive treatmentQuality, it is believed that the technology is the first choice of odontoid fracture operative treatment.Although anterior screw treatment of internal fixation of odontoid fractureCurative effect is clinically affirmed, but in the past due to mainly operating by rule of thumb, being oriented to Kirschner wire needs to adjust repeatedly, performs the operationRandomness is big, in some instances it may even be possible to produces serious complication, including screw extraction, displacement fracture, nonunion or screw tappingCdontoid process and injure spinal cord etc..Chinese patent 2012102768399 discloses one kind《Dentoid process of axis's screw sight》, it is adoptedTwo shrinking connecting-rods on hollow guiding pipe are arranged on so as to change the sensing of hollow guiding pipe, two shrinking connecting-rods with nut regulationIt is connected on vernier control plate, vernier control plate is connected by ball-joint with support bar.This dentoid process of axis's screw sightIt can be used for guiding Kirschner wire in fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata treatment to be accurately positioned, so as to improve surgical quality, reduce surgical error,Reduce the pain of patient.But in surgical procedure, because the position for needing to adjust is numerous, and adjusts each point of adjustment and mutually closeConnection, generally requires to adjust repeatedly and can be only achieved requirement, influences operation progress.In addition, the length of the shrinking connecting-rod of nut regulation is difficultPrecisely to measure, the position that shrinking connecting-rod is connected on vernier control plate is not known yet, this dentoid process of axis's screw sightCoordinate data record position can not be used, the positioning in can not performing the operation before repetition.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple in construction, easy to use, governing speed it is fast, coordinate representation position can be usedDentoid process of axis's sight, guiding Kirschner wire is accurately positioned in being treated for fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata, so as to improve surgical quality,Surgical error is reduced, reduces the pain of patient.
The present invention is that technical scheme is used by solving technical problem：
Dentoid process of axis's sight of the present invention includes hollow guiding pipe and is connected to taking aim on hollow guiding pipeStandard apparatus, the sighting device include the inner sleeve and outer sleeve being arranged concentrically, and the external diameter of the inner sleeve is less than outer sleeveInternal diameter, the external diameter of the hollow guiding pipe are less than the internal diameter of inner sleeve, the outer wall of hollow guiding pipe and the inner ring surface of inner sleeve itBetween be symmetrically arranged with left half axle and right axle shaft, the left half axle and right axle shaft are coaxially disposed and the axis of left half axle and right axle shaftPass through the center of circle of inner sleeve；Semiaxis and lower semiaxis are provided between the outer ring surface of the inner sleeve and the inner ring surface of outer sleeve,The center of circle that the upper semiaxis and lower semiaxis are coaxially disposed and the axis of upper semiaxis and lower semiaxis passes through inner sleeve；Upper semiaxis is withThe axis of semiaxis is vertical with the axis of left half axle and right axle shaft；The upper semiaxis, lower semiaxis, left half axle and right axle shaft are by can phaseInner sleeve and the outer tube suit for rotating and being coaxially disposed are formed；Connecting plate and connecting seat are set on the outer sleeve.It is describedThe scale for representing relative position is provided with the outer tube wall of inner sleeve and outer tube joining place.
The inner sleeve is the annular hollow pipe that air pump is connected by high-pressure air pipe, and one end of the inner sleeve is fixedly connectedConnected on inner sleeve and with the tube chamber of inner sleeve, the other end of inner sleeve is provided with air bag, and the expanding end of the air bag is located atIn the inner chamber of outer tube, one end of the outer tube connects inner sleeve, the other end of outer tube by rotatable snap ringIt is fixedly connected on hollow guiding pipe or outer sleeve.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the sight adjusts the sensing of guide pipe, structure letter by dicyclic sighting deviceSingle, easy to use, governing speed is fast and available coordinate representation position, the convenient details for quantitatively recording operation technique, utilizes coordinateThe repeatable positioning reproduced in operation；Positioning Kirschner wire is predominantly located in guider using hollow guide device, be easy to controlDirection, it is avoided to bend and cause the suitable illusion of inserting needle；It is dynamic using pressure control swelling gasbag fixation hollow guider, positioningMake soon, fixed reliable, position is fixed after being accurately positioned and positioning, and reduces inserting needle repeatedly, improves the accuracy of screw entrance；Fixing glue need not be implanted on Cervical vertebra and fixed connecting rod is firmly secured to operation table, it is fixed reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the positive structure schematic of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross section structure diagram of upper semiaxis.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, dentoid process of axis's sight of the present invention includes hollow guiding pipe 1 and is connected to hollow guidingSighting device on pipe 1, the sighting device include the inner sleeve 2 and outer sleeve 3 being arranged concentrically, the external diameter of the inner sleeve 2Less than the internal diameter of outer sleeve 3, the external diameter of the hollow guiding pipe 1 is less than the internal diameter of inner sleeve 2, the outer wall of hollow guiding pipe 1 withBe symmetrically arranged with left half axle 5 and right axle shaft between the inner ring surface of inner sleeve 2, the left half axle 5 and right axle shaft be coaxially disposed andThe center of circle that the axis of left half axle 5 and right axle shaft passes through inner sleeve 2；The outer ring surface of the inner sleeve 2 and the inner ring surface of outer sleeve 3 itBetween be provided with semiaxis 6 and lower semiaxis 7, the upper semiaxis 6 and lower semiaxis 7 are coaxially disposed and the axle of upper semiaxis 6 and lower semiaxis 7The center of circle that line passes through inner sleeve 2；The axis of upper semiaxis 6 and lower semiaxis 7 is vertical with the axis of left half axle 5 and right axle shaft；On describedSemiaxis 6, lower semiaxis 7, left half axle 5 and right axle shaft be set with by the inner sleeve 8 and outer tube 9 that can be rotated against and be coaxially disposed andInto.
In use, hollow guiding pipe 1 can be swung up and down centered on left half axle 5 and right axle shaft on inner sleeve 2, inner sleeveIt can be swung centered on the semiaxis 6 of ring more than 2 and lower semiaxis 7, can thus realize the comprehensive guiding of hollow guiding pipe 1Set.
Certainly, use for convenience, connecting plate 10 and connecting seat 11 can also be set on outer sleeve 3, connect for fixedIt is connected on various supports.
The inner sleeve 2 is the annular hollow pipe that air pump is connected by high-pressure air pipe, and valve cock is provided with inner sleeve 213, and high-pressure air pipe is connected by the valve cock 13.Upper semiaxis 6, lower semiaxis 7, left half axle 5 are identical with the structure of right axle shaft, withExemplified by upper semiaxis 6, as shown in Fig. 2 one end of the inner sleeve 8 is fixedly connected on inner sleeve 2 and connected with the tube chamber of inner sleeve 2Logical, the other end of inner sleeve 8 is provided with air bag 81, and the expanding end of the air bag 81 is located in the inner chamber of outer tube 9, the overcoatOne end of pipe 9 connects inner sleeve 8 by rotatable snap ring, and the other end of outer tube 9 is fixedly connected on hollow guiding pipe 1Or on outer sleeve 3.When air bag 81 inflation after, air bag 81 expansion is close on the inwall of outer tube 9, by outer tube 9 with it is interiorThe position of sleeve pipe 8 is fixed.
The scale for representing relative position is provided with the outer tube wall of inner sleeve 8 and outer tube 9 joining place.Hollow guidingAfter the sensing position of pipe 1 is fixed, record the angle that the inner sleeve 8 on each semiaxis and outer tube 9 rotate against and can determine that skyThe position coordinates of heart guide pipe 1.
In use, making patient lies supine position, position is stretched after keeping neck；Continue skull traction under C-arm X-ray machine just, side position picture seeExamine odontoid fracture reset；Using the midpoint of C2 centrum lower edges as entry point, sight is installed in place；X-ray normotopia, side position are saturatingDepending on manipulating hollow guiding pipe normotopia and being located at cdontoid process axis, side position is to summit after cdontoid process, opening air pump by hollow guidingPipe position locks；1.2mm Kirschner wires under guider guiding are squeezed into cdontoid process with electric drill, after positive lateral projection is errorless, with outerThe mm of footpath 3.0 hollow drill bit is screwed into the hollow cancellous bone pressurization titanium spiral shell of a diameter of 3.5 mm appropriate length along Kirschner wire reamingNail.