Embodiment:
nullRefering to Fig. 1，The device of biomass fuel is manufactured for a kind of urban waste，Including biomass processor、Food waste treatment device、Sludge treatment equipment、Stirred reactor 17、Single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18、It is provided with the belt dryer 19 of high temperature section 37 and low-temperature zone 38、First Heat Exchanger 21、Second heat exchanger 39 cooler 36、Medicine storing pot 29、High temperature hot-blast furnace 31、Low Temperature Thermal wind furnace 34、Scrubbing tower 23、Biological deodorizing device 27，Wherein biomass processor includes biomass crusher 1、Biomass silo 2、Sack cleaner 3、3rd air-introduced machine 4、There is axle apron quantitive conveyor 5，The bottom discharge of biomass crusher 1 is sent in biomass silo 2 by the 3rd air-introduced machine 4，Sack cleaner 3 is arranged on the top of biomass silo 2，Biomass silo 2 bottom discharge sends into stirred reactor 17 entrance by there being axle apron quantitive conveyor 5；Food waste treatment device includes supertension pressure filter 6, apron quantitive conveyor 7, plunger displacement pump 8, kitchen garbage grinder 9, storage tank 10, changing food waste is stored in entering storage tank 10 by kitchen garbage grinder 9 after being pulverized, material in storage tank 10 sends into supertension pressure filter 6 filter-press dehydration by plunger displacement pump 8, and the changing food waste after dehydration sends into stirred reactor 17 entrance by apron quantitive conveyor 7；Sludge treatment equipment includes storing the sludge bucket 15 of mud, having screw conveyor shaft 16, and mud sends into stirred reactor 17 entrance by there being screw conveyor shaft 16；Mixing biomass waste material, changing food waste, mud in stirred reactor 17, the ecological enzyme deodorizer in medicine storing pot 29 is sent into stirred reactor 17 by dosing pump 30, is carried out hybrid reaction deodorization gas with material.The outlet of stirred reactor 17 connects the entrance of single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, the outlet of single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18 connects the material inlet of belt dryer 19, high temperature hot-blast furnace 31 exports the high temperature section 37 gas phase entrance being connected belt dryer 19 by the first air-introduced machine 32, the outlet of Low Temperature Thermal wind furnace 34 connects the low-temperature zone 38 gas phase entrance of belt dryer 19 by the second air-introduced machine 33, the gaseous phase outlet of low-temperature zone 38 connects exhaust blower 20, and the material outlet of belt dryer 19 connects the entrance of cooler 36 by bucket elevator 35.
The top gas phase outlet of stirred reactor 19, the outlet of exhaust blower 20, the outlet of cooler 36 top gas phase are passed through the 4th air-introduced machine 22 respectively and are connected the bottom gas phase entrance of scrubbing tower 23, and the top gas phase outlet of scrubbing tower 23 connects biological deodorizing device 27 entrance；The liquid phase entrance of scrubbing tower 23 connects the outlet of the first water circulating pump 24, and the entrance of the first water circulating pump 24 connects water tank 25, and the outlet of scrubbing tower 23 bottom liquid phases connects water tank 25.Washings are extracted out by the first water circulating pump 24 from storage tank, spray in the spray header in scrubbing tower 23, carry out washing deodorization to the gas entered；Biological deodorizing device 27 also is provided with the second water circulating pump 26, can enter the gas in biological deodorizing device 27 from top circulation spray cleaning, and the 5th air-introduced machine 28 extracts the gas in biological deodorizing device 27 out row to air.
It is provided with First Heat Exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 39 between air inlet 40 and exhaust blower 20 export, 3rd water circulating pump 41, wherein the shell-side inlet of First Heat Exchanger 21 connects air inlet 40, the shell-side outlet of First Heat Exchanger 21 connects the entrance of Low Temperature Thermal wind furnace 34, the shell-side inlet of the second heat exchanger 39 connects exhaust blower 20 and exports, the shell-side outlet of the second heat exchanger 39 connects the bottom gas phase entrance of scrubbing tower 23, the tube side entrance of First Heat Exchanger 21 connects the tube side outlet of the second heat exchanger 39, the tube side outlet of First Heat Exchanger 21 connects the entrance of the 3rd water circulating pump 41, the outlet of the 3rd water circulating pump 41 connects the tube side entrance of the second heat exchanger 39.
This device is provided with blowback air accumulator 11, air compressor 12, cooling driers 13, instrument air accumulator 14, compressed air is produced by air compressor 12, a part of compressed air is sent in blowback air accumulator 11, use with supertension pressure filter 6 filter pressing, another part compressed air is sent into cooling driers 13 and is dried except sending into instrument air accumulator 14 after water, for pneumatic instrument each in device.
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., biomass waste material pretreatment: after including classification, removal metal, plastics, pulverize；
2., changing food waste pretreatment: after including classification, removal metal, plastics, pulverizing, be dehydrated the changing food waste after pulverizing, discharging moisture content reaches less than 40%；
3., mixing pretreatment: by biomass waste material, carry out mix and blend according to butt weight ratio 5.5-6.0:1.5-2.0:2.5-3.0 through changing food waste, the mud being dehydrated, and add the ecological enzyme deodorizer of 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS in the mixture；
4., extruded: in mixture is sent into extruder, to be squeezed into bar；
5., it is dried: the high temperature section that bar carries out 400 DEG C is dried, then the low-temperature zone carrying out 60-80 DEG C is dried；
6., cooling: carry out being cooled to room temperature by dried product, obtain the biomass fuel finished product that calorific value is 3500 kilocalories/more than kg.
In drying steps, high temperature section drying time is 5-15s, and low-temperature zone drying time is 20-30min.Avoid high temperature sterilization destruction of organic material content, can fully ensure that again sterilization effect, ensure that the moisture of product does not exceeds standard simultaneously.
In changing food waste pre-treatment step, the changing food waste after pulverizing uses high pressure filter-press dehydration, feed pressure 2.0MPa, feed time 25min, squeeze pressure 25MPa, squeezes time 5min.
For further illustrating beneficial effects of the present invention, illustrate below by way of contrast experiment's example:
Experimental example 1
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 60 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 75 parts of the mud of moisture content 80% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 60%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 10s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60～80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 25min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15%；
6., by material sending into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, and moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel be 3587 kilocalories/kilogram, moisture content is 11.2%, and ash is 18%, and volatilization is divided into 63%；Organic substance is 68%, and sulphur content is 0.05%.The biomass fuel fraction obtained is sold to biomass electric power plant as the heat energy that supplies of this technique, unnecessary part, pack packing outward transport.
Experimental example 2
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 60 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 37.5 parts of the mud of moisture content 60% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 46.67%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 10s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 25min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 14%；
6., by material sending into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, and moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel be 3563 kilocalories/kilogram, moisture content is 11.0%, and ash is 17.5%, and volatilization is divided into 63%；Organic substance is 68%, and sulphur content is 0.05%.The biomass fuel fraction obtained is sold to biomass electric power plant as the heat energy that supplies of this technique, unnecessary part, pack packing outward transport.
Experimental example 3
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 55 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 90 parts of the mud of moisture content 60% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 62.5%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 10s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 28min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15%；
6., by material sending into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, and moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel be 3505 kilocalories/kilogram, moisture content is 11.6%, and ash is 18.5%, and volatilization is divided into 62%；Organic substance is 67%, and sulphur content is 0.04%.The biomass fuel fraction obtained is sold to biomass electric power plant as the heat energy that supplies of this technique, unnecessary part, pack packing outward transport.
Experimental example 4
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 50 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 10 parts standby；
3., take in 120 parts of the mud of moisture content 80% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 66.67%.
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 10s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 30min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15.5%；
6., material is sent into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel is 3401 kilocalories/kilogram (is unsatisfactory for 3500 kilocalories/kilogram), and moisture content is 12.4%, ash is 18.9%, and volatilization is divided into 59%；Organic substance is 64.3%, and sulphur content is 0.04%.The biomass fuel fraction obtained is sold to biomass electric power plant as the heat energy that supplies of this technique, unnecessary part, pack packing outward transport.
Experimental example 5
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 25 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 5 parts standby；
3., take in 210 parts of the mud of moisture content 60% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18 is carried out extruded, but cannot molding.After testing, the moisture content of mixture is 75%, the failure of an experiment.
Experimental example 6
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 60 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 75 parts of the mud of moisture content 80% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 60%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 10s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 30min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15%；
6., by material sending into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, and moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel be 3587 kilocalories/kilogram, moisture content is 11.2%, and ash is 18.9%, and volatilization is divided into 63%；Organic substance is 68%, and sulphur content is 0.05%；
7., product being carried out Hygienic Index detection, induced worm egg death rate is 100%, and excrement colibacillus group value is 1, and total number of bacteria is 0.
Experimental example 7
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 60 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 75 parts of the mud of moisture content 80% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 60%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 5s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 25min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15%；
6., by material sending into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, and moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel be 3563 kilocalories/kilogram, moisture content is 11.4%, and ash is 18%, and volatilization is divided into 63%；Organic substance is 68%, and sulphur content is 0.05%；
7., product being carried out Hygienic Index detection, induced worm egg death rate is 99%, and excrement colibacillus group value is 1, and total number of bacteria is 0.
Experimental example 8
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 60 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 75 parts of the mud of moisture content 80% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 60%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 400 DEG C, the time of staying is about 20s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 25min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15%；
6., material is sent into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel is 3246 kilocalories/kilogram (is unsatisfactory for 3500 kilocalories/kilogram), and moisture content is 11%, ash is 18%, and volatilization is divided into 60%；Organic substance is 65%, and sulphur content is 0.05%；
7., product being carried out Hygienic Index detection, induced worm egg death rate is 100%, and excrement colibacillus group value is 10, and total number of bacteria is 0.
Experimental example 9
A kind of urban waste manufactures the method for biomass fuel, comprises the following steps:
1., by garbage produced by urban landscaping, after the sorted removal plastics such as deadwood, leaves, hay, straw, timber, wood flour and metal, pulverize, take 60 parts standby, now, the moisture content of biomass is 40%；
2., by after sorted for changing food waste removal plastics and metal, pulverizing, utilize high-pressure plunger pump to inject supertension pressure filter 6 and carry out filter-press dehydration, after filter-press dehydration, the moisture content of material is 40%, broken after, take 15 parts standby；
3., take in 75 parts of the mud of moisture content 80% puts into stirred reactor 17 with pretreated changing food waste and biomass and carry out strength and mix, and add deodorizer (ecological enzyme, dosage 0.001-0.005L/kg.DS)；
4., carrying out extruded by mixed material feeding single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine 18, be allowed to become fine and close bar, now, the moisture content of bar is 60%；
5. the material, after molding is sent directly into the high temperature section 37 of band drier 19 and is dried, and baking temperature 200 DEG C, the time of staying is about 10s；Then, material enters low-temperature zone 38 and is dried, and baking temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of staying is about 25min, and the material water ratio after Two stage dryer is about 15%；
6., by material sending into cooling tower 36 to cool down, after cooling, the temperature of material is room temperature, and moisture content is further reduced to less than 12%, obtain biomass fuel, after testing, the calorific value of biomass fuel be 3513 kilocalories/kilogram, moisture content is 11.6%, and ash is 18%, and volatilization is divided into 64%；Organic substance is 68.5%, and sulphur content is 0.05%；
7., product being carried out Hygienic Index detection, induced worm egg death rate is 98%, and excrement colibacillus group value is 0.1, and total number of bacteria is 0.
Experimental contrast analysis one:
For reflecting the technical essential of this patent more intuitively, above 1-5 experiment is analyzed, just like draw a conclusion (data such as following table):
1, the mixed proportion of biomass, changing food waste and mud is in the range of this patent, can produce product smoothly, and calorific value meets the requirements.
2, the moisture content of mud is the lowest, and drying time is the shortest, and energy consumption is the lowest.
3, the mixed proportion of biomass, changing food waste and mud (deviates less) not in the range of this patent, it is possible to produce product, but calorific value and moisture content all do not reach requirement.
4, the mixed proportion of biomass, changing food waste and mud (deviates bigger) not in the range of this patent, mixed material cannot molding, implement unsuccessfully.
Experimental contrast analysis two:
For reflecting the technical essential of this patent more intuitively, above 6-9 experimental example is analyzed, just like draw a conclusion (data such as following table):
1, material stops 10S at 400 DEG C, effectively antibacterial, fecal coliform can be killed, induced worm egg death rate can be made to reach 100%.
2, material stops 5S at 400 DEG C, can be effectively by killing bacteria, and fecal coliform can detect, and induced worm egg death rate can be made to reach 99%, illustrates that the material time of staying in high-temperature region is inadequate.
3, material 400 DEG C of time of staying more than 10S, when reaching 20S, although antibacterial, fecal coliform can be killed, induced worm egg death rate can be made to reach 100%, but the organic matter of material will lose, the calorific value of final products also reduces, and illustrates that the material time of staying in high-temperature region is long, causes organic loss.
4, material stops 10S at 200 DEG C, and because temperature is not reaching to requirement, excrement colibacillus group increases, and induced worm egg death rate reduces, and illustrates that temperature is inadequate.
Utilizing the biomass fuel obtained by the inventive method, its product index is: calorific value >=3500 kilocalorie/kilogram；Moisture content≤12%；Ash≤20%；Volatile matter >=60%；Organic substance >=60%, sulphur content≤0.2%.The present invention realizes the recycling of urban waste, it is achieved the recycling treatment of garbage, efficiently solves the urban waste secondary pollution to environment, final output biomass fuel, can efficiently solve energy starved social problem.
Above-listed detailed description is illustrating for possible embodiments of the present invention, and this embodiment is also not used to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalences done without departing from the present invention are implemented or change, are intended to be limited solely by the scope of the claims of this case.