Power distribution method between a kind of more electric automobile charging stations for frequency regulationTechnical field
The present invention relates to power distribution method between a kind of more electric automobile charging stations for frequency regulation, belong to intelligent electricityNetwork technology field.
Background technology
Electric automobile not emission using electrical energy drive and during travelling, can effectively alleviate the stone that current China facesThe dual-pressure of oily shortage and environmental pollution, therefore receive wideling popularize for country.Current country has put into effect multinomial supportPolicy, including measure, the following electric automobiles such as charging electric vehicle Facilities Construction, offer financial subsidies are provided and are expected to obtain big ruleMould develops.On the other hand, electric automobile can be considered as distributed energy storage, and responsive electricity grid scheduling and power network are interactive, by adjusting itCharge-discharge electric power, lift economy, the safety and reliability of operation of power networks.Possess quick response, height in view of electric automobileOne of the power adjusting characteristic of climbing rate, the electric automobile important application interactive with power network is that electric automobile participates in frequency tuneSection, when mains frequency is higher, electric automobile increases charge power according to frequency adjustment instructions；When mains frequency is relatively low, electricityElectrical automobile reduces charge power even to the reverse power transmission of power network according to frequency adjustment instructions.
Because the charge-discharge electric power of monomer electric automobile is smaller, its frequency regulating effect is limited, the side generally used at presentFormula is that a large amount of electric automobiles are polymerized into an entirety to participate in frequency regulation, therefore how studies the power adjusting amount needed for frequency modulationDistribution seems most important between electric automobile colony.Different electric automobiles are because of its battery variety, charge the differences such as engine efficiency, itsThe cost for participating in frequency regulation is also different.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a kind of a kind of more charging electric vehicles for frequency regulationPower distribution method between standing, this method, can be with by the power adjusting amount needed for the reasonable distribution frequency modulation between electric automobile colonyFrequency adjustment cost is effectively reduced, lifts operation of power networks economy.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of more electric automobiles for frequency regulation fillPower distribution method between power station, comprises the following steps：
1) control centre is assigned according to the relation between current electric grid frequency and nominal frequency to the control centre of electric automobileCurrent desired power adjusting amount；
2) the administrative charging station of control centre obtains the current charge information of charging station；Determine the power adjusting amount of charging station withRelation function between cost, and it is uploaded to control centre；
3) control centre is according to the relation function between the power adjusting amount and cost of each charging station, using minimize cost asTarget, judges whether power adjusting amount is more than 0, if so, turning to step 5)；If it is not, turn to step 4)；
4) control centre is condition solving-optimizing problem using the power adjusting amount of charging station to bear, and optimal solution is each chargingStand optimal power regulated quantity, and rear steering step 6)；
5) using the power adjusting amount of charging station to be just condition solving-optimizing problem, optimal solution is each charging for control centreStand optimal power regulated quantity, and rear steering step 6)；
6) each electric automobile charging station obtains the optimal power regulated quantity that control centre issues, and corrects electric automobile discharge and rechargePower.
Specifically, the concrete operations of step 1) are as follows：
Current desired power adjusting amount P is assigned to the control centre of electric automobile in control centretotal；If current electric grid frequencyRate is higher than nominal frequency 50Hz, and control centre need to provide frequency and lower service, then Ptotal＜ 0；If current frequency is less than 50Hz, controlCenter processed need to provide frequency up-regulation service, then Ptotal＞ 0.
Specifically, the current charge information that the administrative charging station of control centre in step 2) obtains charging station includes charging stationCurrent charge powerMaximum charge powerCharge efficiencyIf electric automobile charging station possesses to the reverse power transmission of power networkV2G functions, then further obtain maximum discharge powerAnd discharging efficiency
Specifically, in step 2), determined respectively between the power adjusting amount of charging station and cost according to following two situationsRelation function,
21) orderly charging process：When charging process only relates to the adjustment of charging electric vehicle power, without regard to reversely sendingWhen electric, if current charge power isThe scope of adjustment is above and below charge powerPower adjusting amount PnMeetIdentified charging station n power adjusting amount PnWith cost Cn(Pn) between relation function be：
Cn(Pn)=kn|Pn|,
In formula, knFor power Setup Cost coefficient；
22) V2G processes：When electric automobile charging station possesses V2G functions, electric automobile is by current charge powerSwitch toElectric discharge, discharge power scope arePower adjusting amount PnMeetIdentified charging station nPower adjusting amount PnWith cost Cn(Pn) between relation function be：
In formula,For the electric automobile cost that the energy loss caused by efficiency for charge-discharge is brought during V2G, pnForCharging station n power purchase price.
Specifically, the concrete operations of step 4) are as follows：
Work as PtotalDuring ＜ 0, power regulating range isCost meets：
Cn(Pn)=kn|Pn|=- knPn,
Establish and minimize cost model：
Constraints is：
Optimal solution then is asked to power adjusting amount model：
Specifically, the concrete operations of step 5) are as follows：
Work as PtotalDuring ＞ 0, power regulating range isCost meets：
Establish and minimize cost model：
Constraints is：
Optimal solution then is asked to power adjusting amount model：
Due to the utilization of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention has following advantages compared with prior art：
1st, power distribution method between being used for more electric automobile charging stations of frequency regulation of the invention, can play electric automobileRegulate and control potentiality, realize that frequency is adjusted using electric automobile, the optimization for realizing regulation power by optimization means distributes, and minimizes frequencyRate adjustment cost, improve the economy of operation of power networks；
2nd, power distribution method of the invention, electric automobile charging and two kinds of situations of V2G in order, analysis have been taken into full accountIt participates in the different costs of frequency regulation, realizes the complex optimum distribution of regulation power；
3rd, power distribution method of the invention, control centre side optimization problem can by cost function slope by lowThe method rapid solving of paramount sequence, calculating speed is improved, suitable for real-time calculation and analysis.
Brief description of the drawings
The flow of the power distribution method between more electric automobile charging stations of the present invention for frequency regulation of accompanying drawing 1Block diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is further elaborated to technical scheme.
It is a kind of for frequency regulation more electric automobile charging stations between power distribution method, its FB(flow block) as shown in figure 1,Comprise the following steps that：
S101, control centre are according to the relation between current electric grid frequency and nominal frequency, to the control centre of electric automobileAssign current desired power adjusting amount；Specifically：
Current desired power adjusting amount P is assigned to the control centre of electric automobile in control centretotal；If current electric grid frequencyRate is higher than nominal frequency 50Hz, and gross generation is more than total electricity consumption in explanation system, and control centre need to provide frequency and lower service,Then Ptotal＜ 0；If current frequency is less than 50Hz, total electricity consumption is more than gross generation in explanation system, and control centre need to provide frequencyRate up-regulation services, then Ptotal＞ 0；
S102, the administrative charging station of control centre obtain charging station n current charge information：The current charge power of charging stationMaximum charge powerCharge efficiencyIf electric automobile charging station possess to the reverse power transmission of power network (V2G,Vehicle to Grid) function, then further obtain maximum discharge powerAnd discharging efficiencyBy orderly chargingAnd two kinds of situations of V2G, charging station n power adjusting amount P is determined by following stepnWith cost Cn(Pn) between relation, andReported to Control of Electric Vehicles center：
1) orderly charging process：Charging only relates to the adjustment of charging electric vehicle power in order, without regard to reverse power transmission；If the current charge power of charging station isThe scope of adjustment is above and below charge powerTherefore, power adjusting amount PnIt is fullFootCharging cost is：
Cn(Pn)=kn|Pn|,
K in formulanFor power Setup Cost coefficient, mainly the factor such as battery life loss determines as caused by regulation；
2) V2G processes：If electric automobile charging station possesses V2G functions, the power regulating range of charging station can be furtherExpand；Electric automobile is by current charge powerSwitch to discharge, discharge power scope isTherefore, the work(of V2G processesRate regulated quantity PnMeetThe charging cost of V2G processes is：
In formulaFor the electric automobile cost that the energy loss caused by efficiency for charge-discharge is brought during V2G, pnForCharging station n power purchase price；
It can thus be concluded that charging station n power adjusting amount PnWith cost Cn(Pn) between relation meet：
S103, control centre judge that power is adjusted according to the relation function between the power adjusting amount and cost of each charging stationWhether section amount is more than 0, and to minimize cost as target, optimization distributes each charging station power adjusting amount, if Ptotal＜ 0, turn to stepRapid S105；If Ptotal＞ 0, turn to step S104；
S104, work as Ptotal＜ 0, each charging station need to increase charge power, and power regulating range isCost meets：
Cn(Pn)=kn|Pn|=- knPn,
Establish and minimize cost model：
Constraints is：
Optimal solution then is asked to power adjusting amount model：
Above-mentioned optimization problem can be by cost function slope (i.e.-kn) the method rapid solving that sorts from low to high, intoThe low charging station of this function slope will preferentially be chosen and distribution power regulation volume of trying one's best；Its optimal solution is each charging station distributionPower adjusting amount, and rear steering step S106；
S105, work as Ptotal＞ 0, each charging station need to reduce charge power or even reverse power transmission, and power regulating range isCost meets：
Establish and minimize cost model：
Constraints is：
Optimal solution then is asked to power adjusting amount model：
Above-mentioned optimization problem can be by cost function slope (i.e. kn、) sort from low to highMethod rapid solving, if knIt is selected, it is meant that the regulation power of the orderly charging processes of charging station n may participate in frequency regulation；IfIt is selected in the ranking, due toStrictly less than kn, it is meant that knAlso it is selected, it is meant that the orderly charging processes of charging station nRegulation power fully participate in frequency regulation and V2G processes regulation power may also participate in frequency regulation；Above-mentioned optimization problemOptimal solution be the distribution of each charging station power adjusting amount；
Optimal power regulated quantity is issued each electric automobile charging station by S106, control centre, and charging station presses power adjusting amount,Charging electric vehicle power is corrected, or even guides electric automobile to the reverse power transmission of power network.
The distribution method of the present invention has considered orderly charging and two kinds of situations of V2G, is realized and adjusted by optimization meansDistribution of the power between more electric automobile charging stations, frequency adjustment cost is minimized, improve the economy of operation of power networks；ControllingThe optimization problem that center is established can be by the method rapid solving that is sorted to cost function slope, suitable for real-time calculation and analysis.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the artScholar can understand present disclosure and be carried out, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, all according to the present inventionThe equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, it should all cover within the scope of the present invention.