CN105991500A - Method and device for receiving leading symbols - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for receiving a preamble symbol, which are suitable for a sending end to meet a preset sending rule and are characterized in that: judging whether a preamble symbol exists in the baseband signal obtained by processing; determining the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyzing the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol, wherein the determining and analyzing comprises: carrying out Fourier transform on the time domain main signal of each time domain symbol and extracting effective subcarriers; performing inverse Fourier transform on each effective subcarrier and a known subcarrier corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in a known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol after predetermined mathematical operation, and obtaining an inverse Fourier result corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence; and each time domain symbol is based on a selected inverse Fourier result selected from one or more inverse Fourier results by a first preset selection rule, then a plurality of time domain symbols are subjected to preset processing operation, and the signaling information is solved based on the obtained inter-symbol processing result.

Description

Translated fromChinese

前导符号的接收方法及装置Method and device for receiving leading symbols

技术领域technical field

本发明属于广播通信领域，具体涉及一种前导符号的接收方法及相应装置。The invention belongs to the field of broadcast communication, and in particular relates to a method for receiving a preamble symbol and a corresponding device.

背景技术Background technique

目前，OFDM系统中实现发送端和接收端时间同步的方法基本是基于前导符号来实现的。前导符号是OFDM系统的发送端和接收端都已知的符号序列，前导符号标志了物理帧的开始(命名为P1符号)，在每个物理帧内只出现一个P1符号或连续出现多个P1符号，P1符号的用途包括有：At present, the method for realizing time synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the OFDM system is basically based on preamble symbols. The preamble symbol is a symbol sequence known to both the sender and the receiver of the OFDM system. The preamble symbol marks the beginning of the physical frame (named P1 symbol), and only one P1 symbol or multiple P1 symbols appear consecutively in each physical frame. Symbols, the uses of P1 symbols include:

1)使接收端快速地检测以确定信道中传输的是否为期望接收的信号；1) Make the receiving end detect quickly to determine whether the signal transmitted in the channel is the desired signal;

2)提供基本传输参数(例如FFT点数、帧类型信息等)，使接收端可进行后续接收处理；2) Provide basic transmission parameters (such as FFT points, frame type information, etc.), so that the receiving end can perform subsequent receiving processing;

3)检测出初始载波频偏和定时误差，用以补偿后达到频率和定时同步；3) Detect the initial carrier frequency offset and timing error, and use it to achieve frequency and timing synchronization after compensation;

4)紧急警报或广播系统唤醒。4) Emergency alarm or PA system wake up.

通常前导符号在发送端中的发送方法，出于提高系统传输效率的目的，存在这样技术考虑，基于不同的序列生成式产生不同序列或基于同一序列生成式再进行时域中循环移位或频域中调制频偏来生成时域主体信号再进一步处理生成得到时域符号，将具有此结构的时域符号来用以传输信令，应对于此，在接收端一侧，初步判读定位存在期望接收的时域符号后，对前后符号频域直接差分来解析信令，然而接收端中这样解析做法却存在以下弊端：多径信道和低信噪比下所具有鲁棒性不高；在信道估计不太准确或者各种原因出现干扰径时较易出现误判。Generally, in order to improve the transmission efficiency of the system, there are such technical considerations in the method of sending preamble symbols at the sending end. Different sequences are generated based on different sequence generators or cyclically shifted or frequency-shifted in the time domain based on the same sequence generator. The frequency offset is modulated in the domain to generate the main signal in the time domain, and then the time domain symbols are generated by further processing, and the time domain symbols with this structure are used to transmit signaling. For this, on the receiving end side, there is an expectation for preliminary interpretation and positioning After receiving the time-domain symbols, the signaling is analyzed by direct difference in the frequency domain of the preceding and following symbols. However, this analysis method at the receiving end has the following disadvantages: the robustness is not high under multi-path channels and low signal-to-noise ratios; Misjudgment is more likely to occur when the estimation is not accurate or interference paths occur for various reasons.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明解决的问题是，已有技术中前导符号的接收方法及装置，在有效子载波进行时域中循环移位或频域中调制频偏来生成时域符号以传输信令的发送前提下，在初步判读定位期望接收的时域符号后利用对前后符号频域直接差分来解析信令，导致多径信道和低信噪比下所具有鲁棒性不高；在信道估计不太准确或者各种原因出现干扰径时较易出现误判这样的问题。The problem solved by the present invention is that the method and device for receiving the preamble symbols in the prior art, under the premise that the effective subcarriers are cyclically shifted in the time domain or frequency offset is modulated in the frequency domain to generate time domain symbols to transmit signaling After the preliminary interpretation and positioning of the time-domain symbols expected to be received, the signaling is analyzed by direct difference in the frequency domain of the preceding and following symbols, resulting in low robustness under multi-path channels and low signal-to-noise ratios; when the channel estimation is not very accurate or Misjudgment is more likely to occur when interference paths occur for various reasons.

为解决上述问题，本发明实施例提供了一种前导符号的接收方法，适用于发送端满足预定发送规则时，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息，其中，在该进行确定和解析的步骤中，包含：将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for receiving a preamble symbol, which is suitable for when the sending end meets a predetermined transmission rule, and is characterized in that it includes the following steps: judging whether there is a preamble symbol for the processed baseband signal; determining Position the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyze the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol, wherein, in the step of determining and analyzing, it includes: performing Fourier transform on the time domain main signal of each time domain symbol Extract the effective subcarriers; each effective subcarrier and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol are subjected to predetermined mathematical operations and inverse Fourier transform, corresponding to An inverse Fourier result is obtained for each frequency domain known sequence; and each time domain symbol is selected based on an inverse Fourier selected from the one or more inverse Fourier results with a first predetermined selection rule As a result, a predetermined processing operation is performed between multiple time-domain symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.

可选地，其中，预定发送规则：发送的每个时域符号中时域主体信号对应的频域主体序列进行处理得到生成预生成子载波后，在频域中以预定频偏值S对每个有效子载波进行相位调制或反傅里叶变换后在时域中进行循环移位。Optionally, the predetermined sending rule: after processing the frequency-domain main sequence corresponding to the time-domain main signal in each time-domain symbol sent to obtain pre-generated subcarriers, in the frequency domain, use a predetermined frequency offset value S for each Effective subcarriers are phase-modulated or inversely Fourier-transformed and then cyclically shifted in the time domain.

可选地，还包括，对反傅里叶选定结果进行取绝对值或取绝对值平方，再来以第一预定选定规则选出反傅里叶选定结果。Optionally, it also includes taking the absolute value or taking the absolute value square of the selected result of the reverse Fourier transform, and then selecting the selected result of the reverse Fourier transform according to the first predetermined selection rule.

可选地，其中，第一预定选定规则包含以峰值最大进行选定和/或者以峰均比最大进行选定。Optionally, the first predetermined selection rule includes selecting with the maximum peak value and/or selecting with the maximum peak-to-average ratio.

可选地，还包括滤噪处理步骤，该滤噪处理步骤包括：可将每个时域符号的反傅里叶结果进行滤噪处理，将大值保留，小值全部置零。Optionally, a noise filtering processing step is also included, and the noise filtering processing step includes: performing noise filtering processing on the inverse Fourier result of each time domain symbol, retaining large values, and setting all small values to zero.

可选地，其中，所解析出的信令信息包含：不同频域序列传送信令和/或频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令。Optionally, the analyzed signaling information includes: different frequency domain sequence transmission signaling and/or frequency domain modulation frequency offset and instant domain cyclic shift value signaling transmission.

可选地，其中，已知频域信令集指每个时域符号对应的主体时域信号在频域子载波调制相位前填充至子载波的频域序列的所有可能序列。Optionally, the known frequency domain signaling set refers to all possible sequences of frequency domain sequences that are filled into subcarriers by the main time domain signal corresponding to each time domain symbol before frequency domain subcarrier modulation phase.

可选地，其中，当时域符号的已知频域序列集仅有1个已知序列，则第一预定选定规则为直接取其每个时域符号的唯一反傅里叶结果作为反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。Optionally, where there is only one known sequence in the known frequency-domain sequence set of the time-domain symbol, then the first predetermined selection rule is to directly take the unique inverse Fourier result of each time-domain symbol as the inverse Fourier After selecting the results, a predetermined processing operation is performed between multiple time-domain symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.

可选地，其中，预定数学运算包含：共轭相乘或除法运算。Optionally, the predetermined mathematical operation includes: conjugate multiplication or division operation.

可选地，其中，将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息的步骤中，包含：将后一个时域符号进行循环移位，与前一个时域符号进行相乘或共轭相乘并累加得到累加值，找出对应于所有预定频偏值或循环位移值中累加值最大的移位值，由该移位值推算出信令信息。Optionally, the step of performing predetermined processing operations on multiple time-domain symbols, and deriving the signaling information based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results includes: cyclically shifting the latter time-domain symbol, and the former A time-domain symbol is multiplied or conjugated and accumulated to obtain an accumulated value, and the shift value corresponding to the largest accumulated value among all predetermined frequency offset values or cyclic shift values is found, and the signaling information is calculated from the shift value .

本发明实施例还提供了一种前导符号的接收装置，适用于发送装置满足预定发送规则时，其特征在于，包括：处理判断部，用于对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；以及定位解析部，用于确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息，其中，定位解析部包含：载波提取单元，用于将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；运算处理单元，将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及选定解析单元，每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。The embodiment of the present invention also provides a preamble receiving device, which is suitable for when the sending device satisfies a predetermined sending rule, and is characterized in that it includes: a processing judgment part, which is used to judge whether there is a preamble for the processed baseband signal; and The location analysis part is used to determine the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyze the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol, wherein the location analysis part includes: a carrier extraction unit, which is used to extract the time domain main signal of each time domain symbol The effective subcarriers are extracted after Fourier transform; the arithmetic processing unit performs predetermined mathematical calculation on each effective subcarrier and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol post-computation inverse Fourier transform, corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence to obtain an inverse Fourier result; and selecting an analysis unit, each time domain symbol is based on one or more inverse The selected inverse Fourier results from the Fourier results are then subjected to a predetermined processing operation between multiple time-domain symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.

与现有技术相比，本发明技术方案具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

根据本发明实施例提供的前导符号的接收方法及装置，由于采用相干解调在多径信道和低信噪比下均能实现非常鲁棒的性能，因而相比于利用前后符号频域直接差分解析方法，避免了放大噪声，另外进一步利用前后符号的运算结构的相对位移，解决了在信道估计不太准确或者各种原因出现干扰径时的误判问题，提高系统准确性。According to the method and device for receiving preamble symbols provided by the embodiments of the present invention, since the use of coherent demodulation can achieve very robust performance in multipath channels and low signal-to-noise ratios, compared with the use of direct difference in the frequency domain between the front and back symbols The analytical method avoids amplifying the noise, and further utilizes the relative displacement of the operation structure of the front and rear symbols to solve the problem of misjudgment when the channel estimation is not accurate or interference paths occur for various reasons, and improves the accuracy of the system.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的实施例一中前导符号的接收方法的流程示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for receiving a preamble symbol in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2是本发明的实施例一中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of signaling analysis in a method for receiving preamble symbols in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图3是本发明的实施例中物理帧的时域结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain structure of a physical frame in an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明的实施例中包含格式控制部分和内容控制部分的物理帧结构示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a physical frame structure including a format control part and a content control part in an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明的实施例的前导符号中一个时域符号所对应的频域示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain corresponding to a time domain symbol in a preamble symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明的实施例中第一种三段结构的示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of the first three-stage structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

图7是本发明的实施例中第二种三段结构的示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of a second three-stage structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

图8是本发明的实施例一中一个时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在AWGN下的波形图；Fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of an inverse Fourier transform result of a main signal in time domain under AWGN in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图9是本发明的实施例一中一个时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图；Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of an inverse Fourier transform result of a time-domain main signal in a 0dB two-path channel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图10(a)是本发明的实施例一中滤噪处理前的前一个时域符号中时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图；Fig. 10 (a) is the waveform diagram of the inverse Fourier result of the main signal in the time domain in the previous time domain symbol before the noise filtering process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention under the 0dB two-path channel;

图10(b)是本发明的实施例一中滤噪处理前的后一个时域符号中时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图；Fig. 10 (b) is the waveform diagram of the inverse Fourier result of the main signal in the time domain in the next time domain symbol before the noise filtering process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention under the channel of 0dB two paths;

图11(a)是本发明的实施例一中滤噪处理后的前一个时域符号中时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图；Fig. 11 (a) is the waveform diagram of the inverse Fourier result of the main signal in the time domain in the previous time domain symbol after the noise filtering process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention under the 0dB two-path channel;

图11(b)是本发明的实施例一中滤噪处理后的后一个时域符号中时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图；Fig. 11 (b) is the waveform diagram of the inverse Fourier result of the main signal in the time domain in the next time domain symbol after the noise filtering process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention under the 0dB two-path channel;

图12是本发明的实施例二中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图；FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of signaling analysis in the method for receiving preamble symbols in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

图13是本发明的实施例二中一个时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在AWGN下的波形图；以及Fig. 13 is the waveform diagram of the inverse Fourier transform result of a time-domain subject signal under AWGN in the second embodiment of the present invention; and

图14是本发明的实施例三中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图。Fig. 14 is a schematic flowchart of signaling analysis in the method for receiving preamble symbols in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

发明人发现已有技术中前导符号的接收方法及装置，在有效子载波进行时域中循环移位或频域中调制频偏来生成时域符号以传输信令的发送前提下，在初步判读定位期望接收的时域符号后利用对前后符号频域直接差分来解析信令，导致多径信道和低信噪比下所具有鲁棒性不高；在信道估计不太准确或者各种原因出现干扰径时较易出现误判这样的问题。The inventors found that the method and device for receiving preamble symbols in the prior art, on the premise that the effective subcarriers are cyclically shifted in the time domain or the frequency offset is modulated in the frequency domain to generate time domain symbols for signaling transmission, the preliminary interpretation After locating the time-domain symbols expected to be received, use the direct difference of the frequency domain of the preceding and following symbols to analyze the signaling, resulting in low robustness under multi-path channels and low signal-to-noise ratios; when channel estimation is inaccurate or various reasons occur The problem of misjudgment is more likely to occur when the interference path is encountered.

针对上述问题，发明人经过研究，提供了一种前导符号的接收方法，适用于发送端满足预定发送规则时，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息，其中，在该进行确定和解析的步骤中，包含：将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。In view of the above problems, the inventor has studied and provided a method for receiving a preamble symbol, which is suitable for when the sending end meets a predetermined transmission rule, and is characterized in that it includes the following steps: judging whether there is a preamble symbol in the processed baseband signal; determining Position the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyze the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol, wherein, in the step of determining and analyzing, it includes: performing Fourier transform on the time domain main signal of each time domain symbol Extract the effective subcarriers; each effective subcarrier and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol are subjected to predetermined mathematical operations and inverse Fourier transform, corresponding to An inverse Fourier result is obtained for each frequency domain known sequence; and each time domain symbol is selected based on an inverse Fourier selected from the one or more inverse Fourier results with a first predetermined selection rule As a result, a predetermined processing operation is performed between multiple time-domain symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.

为了使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

<实施例一><Example 1>

图1是本发明的实施例一中前导符号的接收方法的流程示意图；图2是本发明的实施例一中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for receiving a preamble symbol in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of signaling analysis in the method for receiving a preamble symbol in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

如图1所示，本实施例中前导符号的接收方法，适用于发送端所使用的前导符号的发送方法满足预定发送规则时，该前导符号的接收方法包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, the method for receiving the preamble symbol in this embodiment is applicable to when the method for sending the preamble symbol used by the sending end satisfies the predetermined sending rule, the method for receiving the preamble symbol includes the following steps:

步骤S1-1：对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；以及Step S1-1: judging whether there is a leading symbol in the processed baseband signal; and

步骤S1-2：确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息。Step S1-2: Determine the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and parse out the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol.

其中，如图2所示，在步骤S1-2的确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息中，该信令的解析步骤包含以下具体步骤：Wherein, as shown in FIG. 2, in determining the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyzing the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol in step S1-2, the step of analyzing the signaling includes the following specific steps:

步骤S2-1-1：将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；Step S2-1-1: performing Fourier transform on the main time domain signal of each time domain symbol to extract effective subcarriers;

步骤S2-1-2：将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及Step S2-1-2: Perform predetermined mathematical operations on each effective subcarrier and the known subcarrier corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol, and then inverse Fourier transform, corresponding to Obtain an inverse Fourier result for each frequency-domain known sequence; and

步骤S2-1-3：每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。Step S2-1-3: Each time-domain symbol is based on the inverse Fourier selection result selected from one or more inverse Fourier results according to the first predetermined selection rule, and then a plurality of time-domain symbols Predetermined processing operations are performed between symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.

在上述本发明的前导符号的接收方法所针对适用的发送端的预定发送规则，通过图3至图7做以下描述说明。The predetermined sending rules applicable to the sending end applicable to the preamble symbol receiving method of the present invention are described below with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 .

图3是本发明的实施例中物理帧的时域结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain structure of a physical frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

如图3所示，本实施发送端所发送的物理帧分别包含前导符号和数据区域，其中，前导符号位于数据区域之前，图3中给出了两段物理帧结构。As shown in FIG. 3 , the physical frame sent by the sender in this embodiment includes a preamble symbol and a data area respectively, wherein the preamble symbol is located before the data area. FIG. 3 shows two sections of the physical frame structure.

数据区域用于传输数据信息，比如TS包或IP包等。The data area is used to transmit data information, such as TS packets or IP packets.

前导符号用于快速地检测以确定信道中传输的是否为期望接收的信号，提供基本传输参数(例如FFT点数、帧类型信息等)，使接收端可进行后续接收处理；检测出初始载波频偏和定时误差，用以补偿后达到频率和定时同步；紧急广播唤醒等。The preamble symbol is used for rapid detection to determine whether the signal transmitted in the channel is an expected signal, and provides basic transmission parameters (such as FFT points, frame type information, etc.), so that the receiving end can perform subsequent receiving processing; detect the initial carrier frequency offset And timing error, used to achieve frequency and timing synchronization after compensation; emergency broadcast wake-up, etc.

图4是本发明的实施例中包含格式控制部分和内容控制部分的物理帧结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a physical frame structure including a format control part and a content control part in an embodiment of the present invention.

如图4所示，物理帧结构包含前导符号和数据区域，其中前导符号包含：由物理层格式控制部分PFC和物理层内容控制部分PCC。当然，本发明所涉及的前导符号并不限定于包含该PFC部分和PCC部分。As shown in Figure 4, the physical frame structure includes a preamble symbol and a data area, wherein the preamble symbol includes: a physical layer format control part PFC and a physical layer content control part PCC. Certainly, the leading symbol involved in the present invention is not limited to include the PFC part and the PCC part.

格式控制部分PFC由一个或多个时域符号组成(图中用斜线框表示)，每个OFDM时域符号大小相同。本实施例中，时域符号采用OFDM符号，由图4可知，本实施例中，发送端的格式控制部分PFC中采用包含四个时域符号。The format control part PFC is composed of one or more time-domain symbols (indicated by a slash box in the figure), and each OFDM time-domain symbol has the same size. In this embodiment, the time-domain symbols use OFDM symbols. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that in this embodiment, the format control part PFC at the sending end includes four time-domain symbols.

图6是本发明的实施例中第一种三段结构的示意图；和图7是本发明的实施例中第二种三段结构的示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first three-stage structure in an embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second three-stage structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

前导符号的格式控制部分PFC中包含至少一个时域符号，由于本实施例中时域符号均采用以下第一种三段结构或第二种三段结构，因而，前导符号所包含的时域符号亦可称之为三段结构时域符号。然而不做限制的是，满足上述的前导符号中的时域符号亦可采用并非三段结构的其他结构。The format control part PFC of the preamble symbol contains at least one time-domain symbol. Since the time-domain symbols in this embodiment all adopt the following first three-segment structure or the second three-segment structure, the time-domain symbols contained in the preamble symbol It can also be called a three-segment structure time-domain symbol. However, without limitation, the time-domain symbols in the preamble symbols satisfying the above requirements may also adopt other structures other than the three-segment structure.

通过图6和图7可知，本实施例一中，时域符号具有以下三段结构：如图6中的第一种三段结构：时域主体信号(A段)、基于该时域主体信号的后部所生成的前缀(C段)、以及基于时域主体信号在前缀范围内选取一部分生成的后缀(B段)；如图7中的第二种三段结构：时域主体信号(A段)、基于该时域主体信号的后部所生成的前缀(C段)、以及基于时域主体信号在前缀范围内选取一部分生成的超前缀(B段)。It can be seen from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 that in the first embodiment, the time-domain symbol has the following three-segment structure: as shown in the first three-segment structure in Fig. 6: time-domain main signal (A section), based on the time-domain main signal The prefix (section C) generated by the rear part of , and the suffix (section B) generated by selecting a part in the prefix range based on the time-domain main signal; as shown in the second three-section structure in Figure 7: the time-domain main signal (A Segment), a prefix generated based on the rear part of the main signal in the time domain (segment C), and a super-prefix generated based on a part of the main signal in the time domain within the prefix range (segment B).

将一段时域主体信号(图中以A标示)作为第一部分，齐第一部分的最末端按照预定获取规则取出一部分，预定处理并复制到该第一部分的前部来生成第三部分(图中以C标示)从而作为前缀，同时，从第一部分的后部按照预定获取规则取出一部分，预定处理进行处理并复制到该第一部分的后部或者处理并复制到前缀的前部来生成第二部分(图中以B标示)从而分别相应作为后缀或超前缀，从而，分别生成如图6所示的B作为后缀的第一种三段结构(CAB结构)和B作为超前缀的如图7所示的第二种三段结构(BCA结构)。A section of time-domain subject signal (marked by A in the figure) is taken as the first part, and a part is taken from the end of the first part according to the predetermined acquisition rules, scheduled to be processed and copied to the front of the first part to generate the third part (marked by A in the figure). C mark) to be used as a prefix, and at the same time, a part is taken out from the rear part of the first part according to the predetermined acquisition rule, and the predetermined process is processed and copied to the rear part of the first part or processed and copied to the front part of the prefix to generate the second part ( Marked with B in the figure) so that they are respectively used as a suffix or a super prefix, thereby generating the first three-segment structure (CAB structure) with B as a suffix as shown in Figure 6 and the one with B as a super prefix as shown in Figure 7 The second three-segment structure (BCA structure).

基于具有三段结构的时域符号来看，本实施例中所生成的前导符号可以包含：具有第一种三段结构的时域符号；或具有第二种三段结构的时域符号；或不分先后排列的若干个具有第一种三段结构的时域符号和/或若干个具有第二种三段结构的时域符号的自由组合。即前导符号可仅包含CAB或BCA，也可为若干个CAB或若干个BCA，也可为数量不限制的若干个CAB和若干个BCA的不分先后排列的任意自由组合。需要特别说明的是，本发明的前导符号但不限于只包含C-A-B或者B-C-A的结构，也可还包含其他时域结构，比如传统CP结构等。Based on the time-domain symbols with a three-segment structure, the leading symbols generated in this embodiment may include: time-domain symbols with a first type of three-segment structure; or time-domain symbols with a second type of three-segment structure; or A free combination of several time-domain symbols with the first three-segment structure and/or several time-domain symbols with the second three-segment structure arranged in no particular order. That is, the leading symbol may only contain CAB or BCA, may also be several CABs or several BCAs, or may be any free combination of an unlimited number of several CABs and several BCAs in no particular order. It should be noted that the preamble symbol of the present invention is not limited to only include C-A-B or B-C-A structures, and may also include other time-domain structures, such as traditional CP structures.

A段是基于某段频域主体序列通过例如2048点的IFFT变换得到，将三段结构中的C段为A段中一部分的直接拷贝，而B段为A段中一部分的调制信号段，B的数据范围不超过C的数据范围，即选择给调制信号段B的那部分A的范围不会超出截取作为前缀C的那部分A的范围。优选地，B的长度和C的长度之和为A的长度。Section A is obtained based on a certain frequency-domain subject sequence through, for example, 2048-point IFFT transformation. Section C in the three-segment structure is a direct copy of a part of section A, while section B is a part of the modulated signal section in section A. The data range of is not more than the data range of C, that is, the range of the part A selected for the modulated signal segment B will not exceed the range of the part A intercepted as the prefix C. Preferably, the sum of the length of B and the length of C is the length of A.

设N_A为A的长度，设Len_C为C的长度，Len_B为调制信号段B的长度。设A的采样点序号为0,1,…N_A-1.设N1为选择复制给调制信号段第二部分B的起点对应的第一部分A的采样点序号，N2为选择复制给调制信号段第二部分B的终点对应的第一部分A的采样点序号。其中，Let N_A be the length of A, let Len_C be the length of C, and Len_B be the length of modulation signal segment B. Let the sampling point number of A be 0, 1,...N_A -1. Let N1 be the sampling point number of the first part A corresponding to the starting point of the second part B of the modulation signal segment, and N2 be the sampling point number of the selection copying to the modulation signal segment The sampling point number of the first part A corresponding to the end point of the second part B. in,

N2＝N1+Len_B-1 (公式1)N2＝N1+Len_B -1 (Formula 1)

通常，对第二部分B段实施的调制为调制频偏，调制M序列或其他序列等，本实施中以调制频偏为例，设P1_A(t)是A的时域表达式，则第一种普通前导符号的时域表达式为Usually, the modulation implemented on the second part B section is the modulation frequency offset, the modulation M sequence or other sequences, etc. In this implementation, the modulation frequency offset is taken as an example. Let P1_A(t) be the time domain expression of A, then the first The time-domain expression of a common preamble symbol is

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& {\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;</span>\&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>f</span>f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>SH</span>SH</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}}& <span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>otherwise</span>otherwise</span>}\end{array}\right.$

(公式2) (Formula 2)

其中，调制频偏值f_SH可选取为时域OFDM符号对应的频域子载波间隔即1/N_AT,或者1/(Len_B+Len_c)T其中T为采样周期，N_A为时域OFDM符号的长度，比如，N_A为1024，取f_SH＝1/1024T，且调制频偏可任意选择初相。为了使相关峰值尖锐，f_SH也可以选择为1/(Len_BT)或者接近其值的数值。Among them, the modulation frequency offset value f_SH can be selected as the frequency domain subcarrier interval corresponding to the time domain OFDM symbol, that is, 1/N_A T, or 1/(Len_B +Len_c )T where T is the sampling period, and N_A is the time The length of the domain OFDM symbol, for example, N_A is 1024, f_SH =1/1024T, and the initial phase of the modulation frequency offset can be selected arbitrarily. In order to make the correlation peak sharp, f_SH can also be selected as 1/(Len_B T) or a value close to its value.

在B-C-A的结构中，调制频偏值正好与C-A-B结构相反，且调制可任意选择初相。In the B-C-A structure, the modulation frequency offset value is just opposite to the C-A-B structure, and the initial phase of the modulation can be selected arbitrarily.

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;</span>\&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>f</span>f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>SH</span>SH</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}{<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& {\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& <span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>otherwise</span>otherwise</span>}\end{array}\right.$

(公式3) (Formula 3)

将第一种三段结构(CAB)中选取第二部分(B)起点对应于第一部分(A)的第一采样点序号设为N1_1，将第二种三段结构(BCA)中选取第二部分(B)起点对应于第一部分(A)的第二采样点序号设为N1_2，第一采样点序号N1_1和第二采样点序号N1_2需要满足以下公式Select the second part (B) starting point corresponding to the first sampling point sequence number of the first part (A) in the first three-segment structure (CAB) as N1_1, select the second in the second three-segment structure (BCA) The starting point of the part (B) corresponding to the second sampling point number of the first part (A) is set to N1_2, and the first sampling point number N1_1 and the second sampling point number N1_2 need to satisfy the following formula

N1_1+N1_2＝2N_A-(Len_B+Len_c) (公式4)N1_1+N1_2＝2N_A -(Len_B +Len_c ) (Formula 4)

满足这样关系的好处是，C-A-B结构中C段到B段的相同内容的延迟关系与B-C-A结构中B段到A段相同内容的延迟关系相同，C-A-B结构中A段到B段的相同内容的延迟关系与B-C-A结构中B段到C段相同内容的延迟关系相同，利于接收机实现。且C-A-B结构和B-C-A结构中，如果对B段采用的调制是调制频偏的话，两种结构的频偏值f_SH要正好相反，利于接收机实现。The advantage of satisfying such a relationship is that the delay relationship of the same content from section C to section B in the CAB structure is the same as the delay relationship from section B to section A in the BCA structure, and the delay of the same content from section A to section B in the CAB structure The relationship is the same as the delay relationship of the same content from section B to section C in the BCA structure, which is beneficial to receiver implementation. In addition, in the CAB structure and the BCA structure, if the modulation used for the B segment is the modulation frequency offset, the frequency offset value f_SH of the two structures should be just opposite, which is beneficial to the implementation of the receiver.

用序号1表示C-A-B结构的符号，用序号2表示B-C-A结构的符号。则设P1_A(t)是A1的时域表达式，P2_A(t)是A2的时域表达式，则C-A-B三段结构的时域表达式为Use number 1 to indicate the symbol of C-A-B structure, and use number 2 to indicate the symbol of B-C-A structure. Then let P1_A(t) be the time-domain expression of A1, and P2_A(t) be the time-domain expression of A2, then the time-domain expression of the C-A-B three-segment structure is

$\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& {\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;</span>\&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>f</span>f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>SH</span>SH</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}}& <span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>otherwise</span>otherwise</span>}\end{array}\right.$

(公式5) (Formula 5)

B-C-A三段结构的时域表达式为The time-domain expression of the B-C-A three-segment structure is

$\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;</span>\&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>f</span>f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>SH</span>SH</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}{<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& {\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& <span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Len</span>Len</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>otherwise</span>otherwise</span>}\end{array}\right.$

(公式6) (Formula 6)

其中，不分先后排列的第一种三段结构和第二种三段结构，依照先后的不同可分别形成不同的由若干个第一种三段结构和/或若干个第二种三段结构自由组合的前导符号。下面举例给出顺次为1个C-A-B和1个B-C-A的第一前导符号的时域表达式，以及顺次为1个B-C-A和1个C-A-B的第二前导符号的时域表达式。Among them, the first three-segment structure and the second three-segment structure arranged in no particular order can respectively form several first three-segment structures and/or several second three-segment structures according to the sequence. Free combination of leading symbols. The following example gives the time-domain expression of the first preamble symbol of 1 C-A-B and 1 B-C-A in sequence, and the time domain expression of the second preamble symbol of 1 B-C-A and 1 C-A-B in sequence.

那么，第一前导符号的时域表达式为：Then, the time-domain expression of the first leading symbol is:

(公式7) (Formula 7)

第二前导符号的时域表达式为：The time domain expression of the second leading symbol is:

(公式8) (Formula 8)

依此第一前导符号和第二前导符号的时域表达式可推理出其他C-A-B和B-C-A组合形成，在此不再重复赘述。Based on the time-domain expressions of the first preamble symbol and the second preamble symbol, other combinations of C-A-B and B-C-A can be deduced, which will not be repeated here.

像上述情况中，当C-A-B结构和B-C-A结构级联时，可以解决危险延迟下小偏估计失效的问题。当危险延迟造成C段和A段抵消时，第一个结构的CB段和第二个结构的BC段仍然可以用来定时同步和估计小偏。As in the above case, when the C-A-B structure and the B-C-A structure are cascaded, the problem of small bias estimation failure under dangerous delay can be solved. When dangerous delays cause segments C and A to cancel each other out, segment CB of the first structure and segment BC of the second structure can still be used for timing synchronization and for estimating small offsets.

将前导符号所包含至少一个时域符号的数量设置为传送四个符号，下面给出几个较优选的四个时域符号结构，顺次排列为以下几种结构中任意一种：Set the number of at least one time-domain symbol contained in the preamble symbol to transmit four symbols, and several preferred four time-domain symbol structures are given below, arranged in order as any of the following structures:

(1)C-A-B，B-C-A，C-A-B，B-C-A；或(1) C-A-B, B-C-A, C-A-B, B-C-A; or

(2)C-A-B，B-C-A，B-C-A，B-C-A；或(2) C-A-B, B-C-A, B-C-A, B-C-A; or

(3)B-C-A，C-A-B，C-A-B，C-A-B；或(3) B-C-A, C-A-B, C-A-B, C-A-B; or

(4)C-A-B，B-C-A，C-A-B，C-A-B；或(4) C-A-B, B-C-A, C-A-B, C-A-B; or

(5)C-A-B，C-A-B，C-A-B，B-C-A；或(5) C-A-B, C-A-B, C-A-B, B-C-A; or

(6)C-A-B，C-A-B，C-A-B，C-A-B或(6) C-A-B, C-A-B, C-A-B, C-A-B or

(7)C-A-B，C-A-B，B-C-A，B-C-A。(7) C-A-B, C-A-B, B-C-A, B-C-A.

其中，例如(1)C-A-B，B-C-A，C-A-B，B-C-A这样四个时域符号的结构，把级联的效果发挥最大。例如(2)C-A-B，B-C-A，B-C-A，B-C-A这样四个时域符号的结构，将后续符号A部分的保护间隔拉长，而通常第一个符号为已知信号，故采用C-A-B。Among them, for example (1) the structure of four time-domain symbols such as C-A-B, B-C-A, C-A-B, and B-C-A maximizes the effect of concatenation. For example (2) The structure of four time-domain symbols such as C-A-B, B-C-A, B-C-A, and B-C-A will lengthen the guard interval of part A of subsequent symbols, and usually the first symbol is a known signal, so C-A-B is used.

列举出三段结构的一个优选实施例,N_A为2048，设Len_C为520，Len_B＝504,N1_1＝1544，N1_2＝1528,均令P1_A(t)是时域主体A的表达式，则可推导出C-A-B和B-C-A的时域表达式为List a preferred embodiment of the three-stage structure, N_A is 2048, Len_C is 520, Len_B =504, N1_1=1544, N1_2=1528, and P1_A(t) is the expression of time domain subject A, Then the time domain expressions of CAB and BCA can be deduced as

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1528</span>1528</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>\mathrm{<span><span>520</span>520</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>520</span>520</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& \mathrm{<span><span>520</span>520</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>\mathrm{<span><span>2568</span>2568</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1024</span>1024</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;</span>\&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>f</span>f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>SH</span>SH</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}}& \mathrm{<span><span>2568</span>2568</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>\mathrm{<span><span>3072</span>3072</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>otherwise</span>otherwise</span>}\end{array}\right.$

(公式9) (Formula 9)

以及as well as

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>B</span>B</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>C</span>C</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1528</span>1528</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;</span>\&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>f</span>f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>SH</span>SH</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>520</span>520</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>\mathrm{<span><span>504</span>504</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1024</span>1024</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& \mathrm{<span><span>504</span>504</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1024</span>1024</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>\_</span>\_</span>\mathrm{<span><span>A</span>A</span>}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1024</span>1024</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>& \mathrm{<span><span>1024</span>1024</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}<span><span>\&le;</span>\&le;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>t</span>t</span>}<span><span><</span><</span>\mathrm{<span><span>3072</span>3072</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>T</span>T</span>}\\ \mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}& \mathrm{<span><span>otherwise</span>otherwise</span>}\end{array}\right.$

(公式10) (Formula 10)

进一步地，f_SH可选择为1/(1024T)或者1/(2048T)。Further, f_SH can be selected as 1/(1024T) or 1/(2048T).

进一步地，可利用从第一部分A中选取第二部分B的不同起点来标识紧急广播，即通过选取不同的N1,或是N1_1和N1_2,通过复制给B段的起点来标识紧急广播系统。比如C-A-B的三段结构的符号,N1_1＝1544标识普通系统,而N1_1＝1528标识紧急广播系统。又比如,B-C-A的三段结构的符号,N1_2＝1528标识普通系统,而N1_2＝1544标识紧急广播系统。Further, the emergency broadcasting system can be identified by selecting different starting points of the second part B from the first part A, that is, selecting different N1, or N1_1 and N1_2, and copying to the starting point of the B segment to identify the emergency broadcasting system. For example, in the symbol of the three-segment structure of C-A-B, N1_1=1544 identifies the common system, while N1_1=1528 identifies the emergency broadcast system. For another example, in the symbol of the three-segment structure of B-C-A, N1_2=1528 identifies a common system, while N1_2=1544 identifies an emergency broadcast system.

发送端的前导符号生成方法中，包含以下这样的生成步骤：The leading symbol generation method at the sending end includes the following generation steps:

基于频域主体序列生成频域子载波进行反傅里叶变换IFFT得到时域主体信号A，再由时域主体信号A形成具有C-A-B或B-C-A这样的三段结构的时域符号，从而形成本实施例中具有至少一个该时域符号的前导符号。Generate frequency-domain subcarriers based on the frequency-domain main sequence and perform inverse Fourier transform IFFT to obtain the time-domain main signal A, and then form the time-domain main signal A with a three-segment structure of C-A-B or B-C-A from the time-domain main signal A, thus forming this implementation In this example, there is at least one preceding symbol of the time-domain symbol.

以下结合图5从频域角度，对三段结构(CAB或BCA)的时域主体信号A中的生成过程进行描述说明。The following describes the generation process of the main signal A in the time domain with a three-segment structure (CAB or BCA) from the perspective of the frequency domain in conjunction with FIG. 5 .

图5是本发明的实施例的前导符号中一个时域符号所对应的频域示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain corresponding to a time domain symbol in a preamble symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention.

如图5所示，给出了前导符号的PFC中一个时域符号的频域子载波生成，基于频域主体序列得到该频域子载波。As shown in FIG. 5 , the frequency-domain subcarrier generation of a time-domain symbol in the PFC of the preamble symbol is given, and the frequency-domain subcarrier is obtained based on the main sequence in the frequency domain.

在频域子载波的生成中，包含用于生成频域主体序列的预定序列生成规则和/或对频域主体序列进行处理用于生成频域子载波的预定处理规则。The generation of frequency domain subcarriers includes predetermined sequence generation rules for generating frequency domain main sequences and/or predetermined processing rules for generating frequency domain subcarriers by processing frequency domain main sequences.

针对预定序列生成规则来说，频域主体序列的生成过程较为灵活，该预定序列生成规则包含以下任意一种或两种组合：基于不同的序列生成式产生；和/或基于同一序列生成式产生，进一步将该产生的序列进行循环移位。本实施例中，采用恒包络零自相关序列(CAZAC序列)来实现，也就是说，上述不同的序列生成式通过赋予同一CAZAC序列不同根值得到，也可以是，上述同一序列生成式通过赋予CAZAC序列同一根值得到。For the predetermined sequence generation rules, the generation process of the main sequence in the frequency domain is relatively flexible, and the predetermined sequence generation rules include any one or a combination of the following: generated based on different sequence generation formulas; and/or generated based on the same sequence generation formula , and further perform cyclic shift on the generated sequence. In this embodiment, it is realized by using a constant envelope zero autocorrelation sequence (CAZAC sequence), that is to say, the above-mentioned different sequence generation formulas are obtained by assigning different root values to the same CAZAC sequence, or the above-mentioned same sequence generation formula can be obtained by It is obtained by assigning the same root value to the CAZAC sequence.

频域主体序列基于一个或者多个CAZAC序列生成，频域主体序列具有预定序列长度N_ZC。该预定序列长度N_ZC不大于时域主体信号具有的傅里叶变换长度N_FFT。The frequency domain main sequence is generated based on one or more CAZAC sequences, and the frequency domain main sequence has a predetermined sequence length N_ZC . The predetermined sequence length N_ZC is not greater than the Fourier transform length_NFFT of the main signal in the time domain.

对频域主体序列进行处理填充步骤，总体来说包括：参照预定序列长度N_ZC将频域主体序列映射成正频率子载波和负频率子载波；参照傅里叶变换长度N_FFT在正频率子载波和负频率子载波外边缘填充预定个数的虚拟子载波和直流子载波；以及将所得子载波进行循环左移，使得零子载波对应于反傅里叶变换的第一个位置。The steps of processing and filling the frequency domain subject sequence generally include: mapping the frequency domain subject sequence into positive frequency subcarriers and negative frequency_subcarriers with reference to the predetermined sequence length N_ZC ; filling the outer edge of the negative frequency subcarrier with a predetermined number of virtual subcarriers and DC subcarriers; and cyclically shifting the obtained subcarriers to the left, so that the zero subcarrier corresponds to the first position of the inverse Fourier transform.

在此，列举基于一个CAZAC序列生成的例子。首先生成N_ZC长度的频域主体序列(Zadoff-Chu，序列，ZC)，是CAZAC序列的一种，Here, an example of generation based on one CAZAC sequence is given. First generate a frequency domain subject sequence (Zadoff-Chu, sequence, ZC) of N_ZC length, which is a kind of CAZAC sequence,

设序列公式为：$a_q\left(n\right)=e^{-\mathrm{j\&pi;q}\frac{n(n+1)}{N_{\mathrm{root}}}}$Let the sequence formula be:$a_q\left(\mathrm{no}\right)=e^{-\mathrm{j\&pi;q}\frac{\mathrm{no}(\mathrm{no}+1)}{N_{\mathrm{root}}}}$

(公式11) (Formula 11)

注意N_ZC可以等于或小于N_root，即可由某一根值的完整的Zadoff-Chu序列完整或截短产生，然后可选择对这ZC序列调制一个同样长度的PN序列，得到ZC_M序列，将ZC_M序列分成两部分，左半部分长度为映射到负频率部分，右半部分长度为映射到正频率部分，N_ZC可选择某一自然数，不超过A段FFT长度；此外，在负频率的边缘，补上数目的零，而在正频率的边缘，补上数目的零，为虚拟子载波；因此，该特定序列是由个零，个PN调制的ZC序列，1个直流子载波，个PN调制的ZC序列和个零顺序组成；有效子载波数目为N_ZC+1。Note that N_ZC can be equal to or smaller than N_root , that is, it can be generated by complete or truncated complete Zadoff-Chu sequence of a certain root value, and then you can choose to modulate a PN sequence of the same length on this ZC sequence to obtain a ZC_M sequence, and ZC_M The sequence is divided into two parts, the length of the left half is Mapped to the negative frequency part, the right half has length Mapped to the positive frequency part, N_ZC can choose a certain natural number, which does not exceed the FFT length of section A; in addition, at the edge of the negative frequency, add number of zeros, and at the edge of positive frequencies, fill The number of zeros is a virtual subcarrier; therefore, this particular sequence is given by zero, A PN modulated ZC sequence, 1 DC subcarrier, A PN modulated ZC sequence and zero sequence; the effective number of subcarriers is N_ZC +1.

具体地来说频域主体序列的生成过程，比如序列公式可选取若干个不同根值q,对于每个根值q生成的序列,又可再进行不同的循环移位而得到更多序列，通过这2种方式任意之一或之二来传输信令.Specifically, the generation process of the subject sequence in the frequency domain, such as the sequence formula Several different root values q can be selected, and for the sequence generated by each root value q, different cyclic shifts can be performed to obtain more sequences, and signaling can be transmitted by either or both of these two methods.

比如,取256个根值q,得到256个序列,即可传输8个比特，基于2^8＝256,且移位值设定为1024,则256个中的每个序列又可以进行0-1023的移位,即每个序列通过1024种移位又实现了10比特的信令传输，基于2^10＝1024，，因而共可传输8+10＝18比特信令。For example, take 256 root values q, get 256 sequences, then you can transmit 8 bits, based on 2^8=256, and the shift value is set to 1024, then each sequence in 256 can be 0- 1023 shifts, that is, each sequence achieves 10-bit signaling transmission through 1024 shifts, based on 2^10=1024, so a total of 8+10=18-bit signaling can be transmitted.

这些信令映射到比特字段，所传输的信令可包含用于指示物理帧的帧格式参数和/或用于指示紧急广播内容，其中，帧格式参数如：帧数目，帧长度，PCC符号的带宽，数据区域的带宽，PCC符号的FFT大小和保护间隔长度，PCC调制和编码参数。These signalings are mapped to bit fields, and the transmitted signaling may contain frame format parameters used to indicate physical frames and/or used to indicate emergency broadcast content, wherein, frame format parameters such as: frame number, frame length, PCC symbol Bandwidth, bandwidth of data region, FFT size and guard interval length of PCC symbols, PCC modulation and coding parameters.

上述预定序列生成规则中的循环移位可放在对ZC序列进行PN序列调制之前进行,也可以放在PN序列调制之后进行，另外，用于对各个所述时域主体信号对应的所述频域主体序列进行所述PN调制的PN序列之间相同或不相同。The cyclic shift in the above predetermined sequence generation rule can be performed before the PN sequence modulation on the ZC sequence, or after the PN sequence modulation. The domain subject sequences are the same or different among the PN sequences for the PN modulation.

其中,若至少一个时域主体信号中第一个时域主体信号采用预先已知的频域主体序列,则该频域主体序列和对应的频偏值不用于传输信令，而后续时域符号中的PFC来传输信令。Wherein, if the first time-domain main signal in at least one time-domain main signal adopts a pre-known frequency-domain main sequence, the frequency-domain main sequence and the corresponding frequency offset value are not used for transmission signaling, and the subsequent time-domain symbols In the PFC to transmit signaling.

最后一个OFDM符号所用的频域主体序列(ZC序列)与第一个OFDM符号所用的频域主体序列(ZC序列)的相位相差180度，这用来指示PFC的最后一个OFDM符号；PFC中的第一个OFDM符号所采用的ZC序列，一般为某长度无循环移位的根序列，而在该长度下，ZC序列有一个集合，因此本发明选用此集合中某一序列，这可以指示某一信息，例如版本号或者指示数据帧中传输的业务类型或模式；此外，利用第一个时域主体信号中对应的所述根值和/或用于进行PN调制的PN序列的初始相位传输信息，PN的初始相位也有一定的信令能力，例如指示版本号。The frequency domain main sequence (ZC sequence) used in the last OFDM symbol and the frequency domain main sequence (ZC sequence) used in the first OFDM symbol have a phase difference of 180 degrees, which is used to indicate the last OFDM symbol of PFC; The ZC sequence adopted by the first OFDM symbol is generally a root sequence without cyclic shift of a certain length, and at this length, the ZC sequence has a set, so the present invention selects a certain sequence in this set, which can indicate a certain A piece of information, such as a version number or an indication of the type or mode of service transmitted in the data frame; in addition, using the corresponding root value in the first time domain main signal and/or the initial phase transmission of the PN sequence for PN modulation Information, the initial phase of the PN also has certain signaling capabilities, such as indicating the version number.

在此，列举基于多个CAZAC序列生成的例子。每个CAZAC序列分别具有相应子序列长度L_M，对每个CAZAC序列按照上述预定序列生成规则生成具有子序列长度L_M的子序列，将多个子序列拼接为具有预定序列长度N_ZC的频域主体序列。Here, an example of generation based on a plurality of CAZAC sequences is given. Each CAZAC sequence has a corresponding subsequence length L_M , for each CAZAC sequence, a subsequence with a subsequence length L_M is generated according to the above predetermined sequence generation rules, and multiple subsequences are spliced into a frequency domain with a predetermined sequence length N_ZC subject sequence.

具体来说，在频域有效子载波的生成上，由M个CAZAC序列组成，设M个CAZAC序列的长度分别为L₁,L₂,...L_M，且满足每个CAZAC序列的生成方法和上述相同，仅增加一步骤，在生成M个CAZAC序列后，拼接成长度为N_ZC的序列，可选择经PN序列调制后形成ZC_M,再进行频域交织后，形成新的ZC_I,再填放在上述相同的子载波位置,左半部分长度为映射到负频率部分，右半部分长度为映射到正频率部分，N_ZC可选择某一自然数，不超过A段FFT长度；此外，在负频率的边缘，补上数目的零，而在正频率的边缘，补上数目的零，为虚拟子载波；因此，该特定序列是由个零，个PN调制的ZC序列，1个直流子载波，个PN调制的ZC序列和个零顺序组成，其中，调制PN这一步骤也可以放在频域交织之后进行。Specifically, in the generation of effective subcarriers in the frequency domain, it consists of M CAZAC sequences, and the lengths of the M CAZAC sequences are respectively L₁ , L₂ ,...L_M , and satisfy The generation method of each CAZAC sequence is the same as above, only one step is added. After generating M CAZAC sequences, they are spliced into a sequence of length N_ZC . ZC_M can be formed after being modulated by a PN sequence, and then interleaved in the frequency domain. Form a new ZC_I, and then fill in the same subcarrier position as above, the length of the left half is Mapped to the negative frequency part, the right half has length Mapped to the positive frequency part, N_ZC can choose a certain natural number, which does not exceed the FFT length of section A; in addition, at the edge of the negative frequency, add number of zeros, and at the edge of positive frequencies, fill The number of zeros is a virtual subcarrier; therefore, this particular sequence is given by zero, A PN modulated ZC sequence, 1 DC subcarrier, A PN modulated ZC sequence and zero order, wherein the step of modulating PN can also be performed after frequency domain interleaving.

子载波位置填充也可采取其他处理填充步骤，这里不做限定。Subcarrier position filling may also take other filling steps, which are not limited here.

将经过上述处理填充所得子载波进行循环左移，进行前半后半频谱互换后，类似于Matlab中的fftshift，即把零子载波对应于离散反傅里叶变换的第一个位置,得到预定长度N_FFT的频域OFDM符号的预生成子载波。After the subcarriers filled with the above processing are cyclically shifted to the left, after the first half and the second half spectrum are swapped, it is similar to the fftshift in Matlab, that is, the zero subcarrier corresponds to the first position of the discrete inverse Fourier transform, and the predetermined Pregenerated subcarriers for frequency-domain OFDM symbols of length_NFFT .

进一步地，在本实施的频域子载波生成过程中，除了较优选地采用上述预定序列生成规则，还可较优选地采用于对频域主体序列进行处理以生成频域子载波的预定处理规则。本发明不限定采用该预定处理规则和预定序列生成规则中任意一种或两个来形成频域子载波。Further, in the frequency domain subcarrier generation process of this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned predetermined sequence generation rules, it is also more preferable to adopt the predetermined processing rules for processing the main sequence in the frequency domain to generate the frequency domain subcarriers . The present invention does not limit the use of any one or both of the predetermined processing rule and the predetermined sequence generation rule to form frequency-domain subcarriers.

预定处理规则包含：对预生成子载波按照频偏值S进行相位调制，其中，该预生成子载波是通过上述对频域主体序列进行处理填充、循环左移等步骤得到的。在该预定处理规则中，同一时域主体信号A所对应的频域子载波利用同一频偏值S对该频域子载波中每个有效子载波进行相位调制，不同时域主体信号A所对应的频域子载波利用的频偏值不同S。The predetermined processing rule includes: performing phase modulation on the pre-generated sub-carrier according to the frequency offset value S, wherein the pre-generated sub-carrier is obtained through the above-mentioned steps of processing and filling the main sequence in the frequency domain, and circularly shifting to the left. In this predetermined processing rule, the frequency domain subcarriers corresponding to the same time domain main signal A use the same frequency offset value S to perform phase modulation on each effective subcarrier in the frequency domain subcarriers, and the frequency domain subcarriers corresponding to different time domain main signals A The frequency offset values used by the subcarriers in the frequency domain are different S.

针对预定处理规则具体来说，比如原OFDM符号的子载波表达式为Specifically for the predetermined processing rules, for example, the subcarrier expression of the original OFDM symbol is

a₀(k) k＝0,1,2,...N_FFT-1，a₀ (k) k=0,1,2,... N_FFT -1,

(公式12)则按某一频偏值比如s对每个子载波进行相位调制的表达式如下： (Equation 12) The expression for phase modulation of each subcarrier according to a certain frequency offset value such as s is as follows:

$\begin{array}{cc}{\mathrm{<span><span>a</span>a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>k</span>k</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>=</span>=</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>a</span>a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>k</span>k</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>\&CenterDot;</span>\&CenterDot;</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>e</span>e</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;sk</span>\&pi;sk</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>FFT</span>FFT</span>}}}}& \mathrm{<span><span>k</span>k</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>0,1,2</span>0,1,2</span>}<span><span>,</span>,</span><span><span>.</span>.</span><span><span>.</span>.</span><span><span>.</span>.</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>N</span>N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>FFT</span>FFT</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}\end{array}$

(公式13) (Formula 13)

其中，零载波相乘的操作实际无需进行，只需对有效子载波操作即可。频偏值s可选择的范围为[-(N_FFT-1),+(N_FFT-1)]的整数，该频偏值s基于时域主体信号具有的傅里叶变换长度N_FFT确定，其不同的取值可以用于传输信令。Wherein, the zero-carrier multiplication operation does not actually need to be performed, and only needs to be operated on valid subcarriers. The frequency offset value s can be selected from an integer in the range of [-(_NFFT -1),+(_NFFT -1)], and the frequency offset value s is determined based on the Fourier transform length_NFFT of the main signal in the time domain, Its different values can be used for transmission signaling.

应注意的是，上述按频偏值S对每个预生成子载波进行相位调制的实现方法也可在时域上实现。等效于：将原始未调制相位的频域OFDM符号经IFFT变换得到时域ODFM符号，可将时域OFDM符号进行循环移位后生成时域主体信号A,通过不同的循环移位值来传输信令。在本发明中，在频域中按某一频偏值对每个有效子载波进行相位调制来进行描述，其显而易见的时域相等效操作方法也在本发明之内。It should be noted that the above implementation method of phase modulating each pre-generated subcarrier according to the frequency offset value S can also be implemented in the time domain. It is equivalent to: the original unmodulated phase frequency domain OFDM symbol is transformed by IFFT to obtain the time domain ODFM symbol, and the time domain OFDM symbol can be cyclically shifted to generate the time domain main signal A, which is transmitted through different cyclic shift values signaling. In the present invention, phase modulation is performed on each effective subcarrier according to a certain frequency offset value in the frequency domain, and the obvious equivalent operation method in the time domain is also within the present invention.

综上所述，本实施例在频域子载波的生成过程中，可以基于频域主体序列选择进行上述预定序列生成规则(1a)和预定序列生成规则(1b)以及预定处理规则(2)中的任意一个或者至少两个的自由组合。To sum up, in this embodiment, in the process of generating subcarriers in the frequency domain, the above predetermined sequence generation rule (1a), predetermined sequence generation rule (1b) and predetermined processing rule (2) can be performed based on frequency domain subject sequence selection. Any one of or a free combination of at least two.

举例来说，采用规则(1a)的前导符号的生成方法来传输信令。For example, the method for generating preamble symbols according to rule (1a) is used to transmit signaling.

比如上例所描述根值q取256种，每个根值q的循环移位值取0-1023,则可传送8+10＝18比特信令。For example, as described in the above example, there are 256 types of root values q, and the cyclic shift value of each root value q is 0-1023, so 8+10=18-bit signaling can be transmitted.

再比如，举例来说，用规则(1a)和规则(2)的前导符号的生成方法来传输信令。For another example, for example, the method for generating the preamble symbol of rule (1a) and rule (2) is used to transmit signaling.

根值q取2种，时域OFDM符号长度为2048，取1024种移位值，以2为间隔，比如0，2，4，6，….2046等，传输1+10＝11比特信令。There are 2 types of root value q, the time-domain OFDM symbol length is 2048, and 1024 kinds of shift values are taken, with an interval of 2, such as 0, 2, 4, 6, ... 2046, etc., and 1+10=11-bit signaling is transmitted .

再比如，举例来说，仅用规则(2)的前导符号的生成方法。For another example, for example, only the leading symbol generation method of rule (2) is used.

根值q固定，对频域子载波按不同频偏值S进行相位调制，比如上述N_FFT为2048，的s取值0，8，16，…2032等，等效于未经相位调制的频域OFDM符号进行IFFT后的时域OFDM符号，进行256种不同移位值的循环移位，以8为间隔，比如0，8，16，…2032等，传输8比特信令。这里，本发明不限定循环移位的左移还是右移，当s为正数时，对应时域循环左移，比如取值为8，对应于时域循环左移8；当s为负数时，对应时域循环右移，比如取值为-8，对应于时域循环右移8。The root value q is fixed, and the frequency domain subcarriers are phase modulated according to different frequency offset values S, for example, the above_NFFT is 2048, The value of s is 0, 8, 16, ... 2032, etc., which is equivalent to the time-domain OFDM symbol after IFFT of the frequency-domain OFDM symbol without phase modulation, and performs cyclic shift of 256 different shift values, with 8 as the Intervals, such as 0, 8, 16, ... 2032, etc., transmit 8-bit signaling. Here, the present invention does not limit the left shift or right shift of the cyclic shift. When s is a positive number, it corresponds to a time domain cyclic shift to the left. For example, a value of 8 corresponds to a time domain cyclic shift to the left of 8; when s is a negative number , which corresponds to a right shift in the time domain cycle, for example, a value of -8 corresponds to a right shift in the time domain cycle by 8.

另外，在上述方法中，并不限定频域调制频偏值即时域移位值传输信令的方法，即既包含用当前符号绝对移位值直接传输信令，也包含用前后符号的移位值之差来传输信令，这两种方法的信令解析都可以由其中一种显而易见地推出另外一种。同时也不限定信令和移位值的对应关系，发端可自由设定，接收端按既定规则反向推得即可。利用每个符号的移位值绝对值来传信令举例如下：比如共有4个PFC符号，其中第一个符号不传输信令，而第二到第四个符号的要发送的信令值分别是S1，S2,S3。假设以4倍于信令的值来对应移位值，则第二个符号的移位值为4S1，第二个符号的移位值为4S2，第三个符号的移位值为4S3；利用前后符号的移位值差值来传信令举例如下：比如共有4个PFC符号，其中第一个符号不传输信令，而第二到第四个符号的要发送的信令值分别是S1，S2,S3。假设以4倍于信令的值来对应移位值，则第二个符号的移位值为4S1，第二个符号的移位值为4(S1+S2)，第三个符号的移位值为4(S1+S2+S3)；In addition, in the above method, the method of transmitting signaling by frequency domain modulation frequency offset value and real-time domain shift value is not limited, that is, it includes not only using the absolute shift value of the current symbol to directly transmit signaling, but also using the shift value of the previous and subsequent symbols Signaling is transmitted by the difference between the values, and the signaling analysis of the two methods can be clearly deduced from one of them to the other. At the same time, there is no limitation on the corresponding relationship between the signaling and the shift value. The sending end can set it freely, and the receiving end can reversely push it according to the established rules. An example of signaling using the absolute value of the shift value of each symbol is as follows: For example, there are 4 PFC symbols in total, the first symbol does not transmit signaling, and the signaling values to be sent in the second to fourth symbols are respectively It is S1, S2, S3. Assuming that the shift value is 4 times the value of the signaling, the shift value of the second symbol is 4S1, the shift value of the second symbol is 4S2, and the shift value of the third symbol is 4S3; using An example of signaling by the shift value difference of the preceding and following symbols is as follows: For example, there are 4 PFC symbols in total, of which the first symbol does not transmit signaling, and the signaling values to be sent for the second to fourth symbols are S1 , S2, S3. Assuming that the shift value is 4 times the value of the signaling, the shift value of the second symbol is 4S1, the shift value of the second symbol is 4 (S1+S2), and the shift value of the third symbol The value is 4(S1+S2+S3);

以上通过结合图3至图7所做的描述，对本发明的前导符号的接收方法所针对适用的发送端的预定发送规则进行了说明。Through the descriptions made in conjunction with FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 , the preamble symbol receiving method of the present invention is described for the predetermined sending rule applicable to the sending end.

本发明分别通过本实施例一和下述的实施例二、实施例三来对前导符号的接收算法进行说明，所有实施例均值得注意的是，在接收端无论是基于不同的序列生成式产生不同序列，还是基于同一序列生成式，再进行循环移位而得到不同序列，在本发明所阐述的接收方法中是不区分这2种情况的，无非都统一称于利用不同频域序列传输信令，本发明的接收方法对此不限制频域调制频偏值即时域移位值传输信令的方法，既包含用当前符号绝对移位值直接传输信令，也包含用前后符号的移位值之差来传输信令。The present invention describes the receiving algorithm of the preamble symbol through this embodiment one and the following embodiment two and embodiment three respectively. It is worth noting that in all embodiments, whether it is generated based on a different sequence generation formula at the receiving end Different sequences, or based on the same sequence generation formula, and then cyclically shifted to obtain different sequences, in the receiving method described in the present invention, these two cases are not distinguished, and they are all collectively referred to as using different frequency domain sequences to transmit signals. Therefore, the receiving method of the present invention does not limit the frequency domain modulation frequency offset value and the instant domain shift value transmission signaling method, which not only includes the direct transmission of signaling using the absolute shift value of the current symbol, but also includes using the shift value of the preceding and following symbols Value difference to transmit signaling.

总体来说，需满足的预定发送规则包含，发送的每个时域符号中时域主体信号对应的频域主体序列进行处理得到生成预生成子载波后，在频域中以预定频偏值S对每个有效子载波进行相位调制或反傅里叶变换后在时域中进行循环移位。In general, the predetermined transmission rules that need to be satisfied include, after processing the frequency-domain main sequence corresponding to the time-domain main signal in each time-domain symbol sent to generate pre-generated subcarriers, in the frequency domain with a predetermined frequency offset value S Each effective subcarrier is phase modulated or inversely Fourier transformed and then circularly shifted in the time domain.

继续针对实施例一说明，将每个PFC符号所对应的时域主体信号A进行FFT运算，得到频域信号，将频域信号取出有效子载波的值，将每个子载波与该符号已知频域信令集的每一频域已知序列对应的子载波进行预定数学运算后，进行IFFT运算，每一个频域已知序列对应一个IFFT结果，每个符号基于一个或多个IFFT的结果，选出每个符号最为可靠的一个IFFT结果，并可进行预定处理，再利用多个符号之间的处理结果，进一步进行符号间的某种运算解出所传输信令信息(包含不同频域序列传送信令和/或频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令)。Continuing with the description of Embodiment 1, the time-domain main signal A corresponding to each PFC symbol is subjected to FFT operation to obtain a frequency-domain signal, and the value of the effective sub-carrier is obtained from the frequency-domain signal, and each sub-carrier is combined with the known frequency of the symbol. The subcarriers corresponding to each frequency-domain known sequence in the domain signaling set perform predetermined mathematical operations, and then perform IFFT operations. Each frequency-domain known sequence corresponds to an IFFT result, and each symbol is based on one or more IFFT results. Select the most reliable IFFT result for each symbol, and perform predetermined processing, and then use the processing results between multiple symbols to further perform certain calculations between symbols to solve the transmitted signaling information (including different frequency domain sequence transmissions) Signaling and/or frequency domain modulation frequency offset (signaling transmitted by the cyclic shift value in the instant domain).

这里的已知频域信令集包含：每个PFC符号对应的主体信号A在频域子载波调制相位前填充至子载波的频域序列的所有可能序列。如发送端有调制PN操作，这里指调制PN后的所有可能的频域序列。Here, the known frequency-domain signaling set includes: each PFC symbol corresponds to all possible sequences of the frequency-domain sequence of subcarriers that are filled to subcarriers by the main signal A corresponding to the frequency-domain subcarrier modulation phase. If the transmitting end has a modulated PN operation, here refers to all possible frequency domain sequences after the modulated PN.

当该符号已知频域信令集仅有一个已知序列，即仅依靠频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令时，实施例一中的接收方法中解析方法可简化如下：When the symbol known frequency-domain signaling set has only one known sequence, that is, only relying on the signaling transmitted by the frequency-domain modulation frequency offset and time-domain cyclic shift value, the analysis method in the receiving method in Embodiment 1 can be simplified as follows :

将每个PFC时域符号所对应的时域主体信号A进行FFT运算，得到频域信号，将频域信号取出有效子载波的值，将每个有效子载波与该符号对应的唯一已知频域序列对应的有效子载波进行某种运算(共轭相乘/除法运算)后，进行IFFT运算，基于该IFFT结果，可选择地进行预定处理，再利用多个符号之间的处理IFFT结果，进一步进行时域符号之间的预定处理操作解出所传输信令(频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令)。Perform FFT operation on the time domain main signal A corresponding to each PFC time domain symbol to obtain the frequency domain signal, take out the value of the effective subcarrier from the frequency domain signal, and compare each effective subcarrier to the unique known frequency corresponding to the symbol The effective subcarriers corresponding to the domain sequence are subjected to certain operations (conjugate multiplication/division operations), and then IFFT operations are performed. Based on the IFFT results, predetermined processing can be optionally performed, and then the processing IFFT results between multiple symbols are used. Further performing predetermined processing operations between symbols in the time domain to decipher the transmitted signaling (signaling transmitted by the frequency offset of the frequency domain modulation and the cyclic shift value in the real time domain).

具体而言，对某个PFC符号，其主体信号A已知发送频域预生成子载波未经相位调制前的表达式为A_k，经相位调制后表达式为Specifically, for a certain PFC symbol, the expression of the main signal A known to be transmitted in the frequency domain pre-generated subcarrier is A_k before phase modulation, and the expression after phase modulation is

${\mathrm{AM}}_k=A_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}},$ (公式14)${\mathrm{AM}}_k=A_k\&Center\; Dot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}},$ (Formula 14)

其中，H_k为信道频域响应，经信道后，接收到的频域数据表达式为Among them, H_k is the frequency domain response of the channel, after passing through the channel, the expression of the frequency domain data received is

$R_k={\mathrm{AM}}_k\&CenterDot;H_k+N_k=A_k\&CenterDot;H_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k,k=\mathrm{0,1},....N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1$ (公式15)$R_k={\mathrm{AM}}_k\&CenterDot;h_k+N_k=A_k\&Center\; Dot;h_k\&Center\; Dot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k,k=\mathrm{0,1},....N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1$ (Formula 15)

那么进行本实施中所采用的预定数学运算(共轭相乘/除法运算)，Then perform the predetermined mathematical operation (conjugate multiplication/division operation) adopted in this implementation,

或E_k＝R_k·(A(i)_k)^*， (公式16) or E_k =R_k ·(A(i)_k )^* , (Equation 16)

其中，A(t)_k表示该PFC符号已知频域序列集的第t个已知序列，t＝1,...T，设一共有T个序列。Wherein, A(t)_k represents the t-th known sequence of the known frequency-domain sequence set of the PFC symbol, t=1,...T, and it is assumed that there are T sequences in total.

若已知频域序列集仅有一个已知序列，即T＝1，则A(1)_k＝A_k。比如，采用相除的预定数学运算方法，当已知频域序列集仅有一个已知序列时，则推导出${E\left(1\right)}_k=\frac{R_k}{{A\left(1\right)}_k}=H_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+\frac{N_K}{A_k},$ (公式17)If there is only one known sequence in the known frequency domain sequence set, ie T=1, then A(1)_k =A_k . For example, using The predetermined mathematical operation method of division, when there is only one known sequence in the known frequency domain sequence set, then deduce${\mathrm{E.}\left(1\right)}_k=\frac{R_k}{{A\left(1\right)}_k}=h_k\&Center\; Dot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+\frac{N_K}{A_k},$ (Formula 17)

其物理意义为每个子载波的信道估计值与调制相位值的乘积；而另外一种预定数学运算的公式${E\left(1\right)}_k=R_k\&CenterDot;{\left({A\left(1\right)}_k\right)}^{*}=H_k\&CenterDot;{\left|A_k\right|}^2{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k\&CenterDot;{A_k}^{*},$ (公式18)Its physical meaning is the product of the channel estimation value of each subcarrier and the modulation phase value; another predetermined mathematical operation formula${\mathrm{E.}\left(1\right)}_k=R_k\&CenterDot;{\left({A\left(1\right)}_k\right)}^{*}=h_k\&Center\; Dot;{\left|A_k\right|}^2{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k\&CenterDot;{A_k}^{*},$ (Formula 18)

同样包含每个子载波的信道估计值与调制相位值的乘积。It also contains the product of the channel estimate value and the modulation phase value for each subcarrier.

再将E(t)_k，k＝0,1,....N_FFT-1进行IFFT运算，则每一个PFC符号将得到t个IFFT运算的结果，可选择地将结果进行取绝对值或取绝对值平方的操作，然后按照第一预定选定规则选取t＝1,...T的T个结果中最为可靠的那个作为该PFC符号的运算结果,其所对应的t值即可解出由频域不同序列所传送的信令。第一预定选定规则所述的最为可靠的判断方法可是峰值最大或者是峰均比最大等。Then E(t)_k , k=0,1,...N_FFT -1 is subjected to IFFT operation, then each PFC symbol will obtain the results of t IFFT operations, and the results can be optionally taken as absolute values or Take the operation of taking the square of the absolute value, and then select the most reliable one among the T results of t=1,...T according to the first predetermined selection rule as the operation result of the PFC symbol, and the corresponding t value can be solved Signaling transmitted by different sequences in the frequency domain. The most reliable judging method described in the first predetermined selection rule may be the largest peak value or the largest peak-to-average ratio.

若每个PFC符号的已知频域序列集仅有1个已知序列，则选取T个结果中最为可靠的那个作为该符号的运算结果这一步骤可以省略，直接取其每个符号的唯一IFFT结果作为IFFT选定结果即可。If there is only one known sequence in the known frequency domain sequence set of each PFC symbol, the step of selecting the most reliable one among the T results as the operation result of the symbol can be omitted, and the unique The IFFT result can be used as the selected IFFT result.

图8是本发明的实施例一中一个时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在AWGN下的波形图。图中所示，离散反傅立叶变换的最大值出现的序号为1049，值为1.024。FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram of an inverse Fourier transform result of a main signal in time domain under AWGN in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the serial number of the maximum value of the discrete inverse Fourier transform is 1049, and the value is 1.024.

那么假设PFC一共有Q个符号，则将得到Q个符号的下述波形C(q),q＝1,...Q。注意C(q)可以是从T个结果选取后的某个原始IFFT的结果，也可以是求取绝对值或者绝对值平方后的结果。Then assuming that the PFC has Q symbols in total, the following waveforms C(q), q=1,...Q of Q symbols will be obtained. Note that C(q) can be the result of an original IFFT selected from T results, or the result of calculating the absolute value or the square of the absolute value.

考虑到噪声和多径的影响，以及各种原因下的干扰径影响，比如在0dB两径时，呈现出2个峰值，其最大峰值不好判断，图9就提供了实施例一中一个时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图。Considering the influence of noise and multipath, as well as the influence of interference paths for various reasons, for example, when there are two paths at 0dB, there are two peaks, and the largest peak value is difficult to judge. Figure 9 provides a time Waveform diagram of the inverse Fourier result of the main domain signal in a 0dB two-path channel.

因此，如下图9所示，可进一步地将每个时域符号的反傅里叶运算结果进行滤噪处理，即把大值保留，而小值全部置零，此步骤为可选。得到所有PFC符号所对应的处理结果，这里命名为C'(q),q＝1,...Q。Therefore, as shown in Figure 9 below, the result of the inverse Fourier operation of each time-domain symbol can be further subjected to noise filtering, that is, the large value is retained, and all small values are set to zero. This step is optional. The processing results corresponding to all PFC symbols are obtained, which are named C'(q), q=1,...Q here.

下面就给出在0dB两径信道下前后2个符号的处理前后的C'(q-1)和C'(q)的示意图。图10(a)、图10(b)分别是实施例一中滤噪处理之前的前一个时域符号、后一个时域符号中时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图；图11(a)、图11(b)分别是实施例一中滤噪处理之后的前一个时域符号、后一个时域符号中时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在0dB两径的信道下的波形图。The following is a schematic diagram of C'(q-1) and C'(q) before and after the processing of the two symbols in the 0dB two-path channel. Fig. 10(a) and Fig. 10(b) are respectively the inverse Fourier results of the time-domain main signal in the previous time-domain symbol and the next time-domain symbol before the noise filtering process in Embodiment 1 in the 0dB two-path channel The waveform diagram below; Fig. 11 (a), Fig. 11 (b) is the inverse Fourier result of the main signal in the time domain in the previous time domain symbol and the next time domain symbol after the noise filtering process in the first embodiment respectively. Waveform diagram of 0dB two-path channel.

再将后一个符号的C'(q)进行循环移位，与前一个符号的C'(q-1)进行相乘或共轭相乘并累加，找出所有移位值中累加值最大的那个，由其对应的移位值便可推算出所传输信令，该传输信令由PFC符号对应的主体信号A的频域序列生成预生成子载波后，按S值对每个有效子载波进行相位调制，即等效于IFFT后对时域OFDM符号进行循环移位的方式来实现。Then, the C'(q) of the next symbol is cyclically shifted, multiplied or conjugated with the C'(q-1) of the previous symbol and accumulated to find the largest accumulated value among all shifted values That, the transmitted signaling can be deduced from its corresponding shift value. After the pre-generated subcarriers are generated from the frequency domain sequence of the main signal A corresponding to the PFC symbol, the transmission signaling is performed on each effective subcarrier according to the S value Phase modulation is equivalent to performing cyclic shift on time-domain OFDM symbols after IFFT.

多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作的具体描述如下，将C'(q)循环移位V得到C″(q,V)，可选择左移或者右移，本例中选择右移，V∈[0,N_FFT-1]，然后进行例如下公式的共轭相乘并累加运算，The specific description of predetermined processing operations between multiple time-domain symbols is as follows. C'(q) is cyclically shifted by V to obtain C"(q, V), and left or right shift can be selected. In this example, right shift is selected. V∈[0,N_FFT -1], and then carry out the conjugate multiplication and accumulation operation of the following formula, for example,

$\mathrm{Accum}\left(V\right)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{C}^{\&prime;}(q-1)\&CenterDot;\mathrm{conj}\left(C^{\&prime;\&prime;}(q,V)\right)$ (公式19)$\mathrm{Accum}\left(V\right)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{C}^{\&prime;}(q-1)\&CenterDot;\mathrm{conj}\left(C^{\&prime;\&prime;}(q,V)\right)$ (Formula 19)

特别说明的是，上述多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作只是个实例，并不限定一定是共轭相乘，其相乘累加操作也可不必做N_FFT个点，只做几个大值点即可。It should be noted that the predetermined processing operation between the above-mentioned multiple time-domain symbols is just an example, and it is not limited to conjugate multiplication. The multiplication and accumulation operation does not need to do_NFFT points, but only a few large Just worth it.

最后选取绝对值最大的那个Accum(V)，其对应的V值即可推知频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传输信令，这里对推算的方法不做限定。Finally, the Accum(V) with the largest absolute value is selected, and the corresponding V value can be used to infer the signaling transmitted by the frequency offset of the frequency domain modulation, that is, the cyclic shift value in the domain, and the calculation method is not limited here.

<实施例二><Example 2>

图12是本发明的实施例二中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图，该解析信令的流程包含于如图1中与实施例一相对应同样的前导符号的接收方法中，在实施例二中省略前导符号的接收方法的整体概述，图12为图2的另一种实施方式。FIG. 12 is a schematic flow diagram of signaling analysis in the method for receiving preamble symbols in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The flow of signaling analysis is included in the same method for receiving preamble symbols corresponding to Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1 , In the overall overview of the receiving method in which the preamble symbol is omitted in the second embodiment, FIG. 12 is another implementation manner of FIG. 2 .

如图12所示，在步骤S1-2的确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息中，该信令的解析步骤包含以下具体步骤：As shown in FIG. 12, in step S1-2 of determining the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyzing the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol, the signaling analysis step includes the following specific steps:

步骤S2-2-1：将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；Step S2-2-1: performing Fourier transform on the main time domain signal of each time domain symbol to extract effective subcarriers;

步骤S2-2-2：将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及Step S2-2-2: Perform predetermined mathematical operations on each effective subcarrier and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol and the channel estimation value, and then reverse Fourier leaf transform, corresponding to each known sequence in the frequency domain to obtain an inverse Fourier result; and

步骤S2-2-3：每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，用于直接解出信令信息和/或利用多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。Step S2-2-3: Each time-domain symbol is based on an inverse Fourier selection result selected from one or more inverse Fourier results according to a first predetermined selection rule, and is used to directly solve the signaling information and/or utilize predetermined processing operations between multiple time-domain symbols to decipher signaling information based on obtained inter-symbol processing results.

本实施例二中前导符号的接收方法所针对适用的发送端的预定发送规则，同样适用如图3至图7所作的描述说明，不再赘述。The preamble symbol receiving method in the second embodiment is applicable to the applicable predetermined sending rules of the sending end, which are also applicable to the descriptions in FIGS. 3 to 7 , and will not be repeated here.

本实施例二中，将每个PFC符号所对应的时域主体信号A进行FFT运算，得到频域信号，将频域信号取出有效子载波的值，将每个有效子载波与该符号已知频域信令集的每一频域已知序列对应的有效子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算(共轭相乘/除法运算)后，进行IFFT运算，每一个频域已知序列对应一个IFFT结果，每个符号基于一个或多个IFFT的结果，按照预定选定规则选出每个符号最为可靠的一个IFFT选定结果，并可选择地进行预定处理，可基于IFFT选定结果用于直接得到信令传输值，也可进一步地，利用多个符号之间的处理结果，再进行时域符号之间预定处理操作(例如延迟相关)解出所传输信令(包含不同频域序列传送信令和/或频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令)。In the second embodiment, the main signal A in the time domain corresponding to each PFC symbol is subjected to FFT operation to obtain the frequency domain signal, and the value of the effective subcarrier is taken out of the frequency domain signal, and each effective subcarrier and the symbol are known The effective subcarriers and channel estimation values corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the frequency domain signaling set are subjected to a predetermined mathematical operation (conjugate multiplication/division operation), and then the IFFT operation is performed, and each frequency domain known sequence corresponds to a IFFT results, each symbol is based on one or more IFFT results, select the most reliable IFFT selection result for each symbol according to predetermined selection rules, and optionally perform predetermined processing, which can be used based on IFFT selection results Directly obtain the signaling transmission value, or further, use the processing results between multiple symbols, and then perform predetermined processing operations (such as delay correlation) between time domain symbols to solve the transmitted signaling (including different frequency domain sequence transmission signals) signaling and/or frequency domain modulation frequency offset (time domain cyclic shift value transmitted signaling).

已知频域信令集指每个PFC符号对应的主体信号A在频域子载波调制相位前填充至子载波的频域序列的所有可能序列，如发送端有调制PN操作，这里指调制PN后的所有可能的频域序列。The known frequency domain signaling set refers to all possible sequences of the main signal A corresponding to each PFC symbol that is filled to the frequency domain sequence of the subcarrier before the frequency domain subcarrier modulation phase. If the transmitting end has a modulation PN operation, here refers to the modulation PN After all possible frequency domain sequences.

当该符号已知频域信令集仅有一个已知序列，即仅依靠频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令时，实施例二可简化如下：When the known frequency-domain signaling set of the symbol has only one known sequence, that is, only relying on the signaling transmitted by the frequency-domain modulation frequency offset and time-domain cyclic shift value, the second embodiment can be simplified as follows:

将每个PFC时域符号所对应的时域主体信号A进行FFT运算，得到频域信号，将频域信号取出有效子载波的值，将每个有效子载波与该时域符号对应的唯一已知频域序列对应的子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算(共轭相乘/除法运算)后，进行IFFT运算，基于IFFT的结果，并可选择地进行预定处理，可用于直接得到信令传输值，也可再利用多个符号之间的处理结果，进一步进行符号间的延迟相关解出所传输信令(频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令)。Perform FFT operation on the time domain main signal A corresponding to each PFC time domain symbol to obtain the frequency domain signal, take out the value of the effective subcarrier from the frequency domain signal, and take each effective subcarrier and the unique corresponding to the time domain symbol The subcarriers corresponding to the known frequency domain sequences and the channel estimation values are subjected to predetermined mathematical operations (conjugate multiplication/division operations), and then IFFT operations are performed. Based on the results of IFFT, predetermined processing can be optionally performed, which can be used to directly obtain signaling The transmission value can also use the processing results between multiple symbols to further perform inter-symbol delay correlation to solve the transmitted signaling (frequency domain modulated frequency offset and instant domain cyclic shift value transmitted signaling).

具体来说对某个PFC时域符号，其主体时域信号A已知发送频域预生成子载波未经相位调制前的表达式为A_k，经相位调制后表达式为Specifically, for a certain PFC time-domain symbol, the expression of its main time-domain signal A is known to be A_k before the pre-generated subcarriers in the transmission frequency domain without phase modulation, and the expression after phase modulation is

${AM}_k=A_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}},$ (公式20)${Am}_k=A_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}},$ (Formula 20)

其中，H_k为信道频域响应，经信道后，接收到的频域数据表达式为Among them, H_k is the frequency domain response of the channel, after passing through the channel, the expression of the frequency domain data received is

$R_k={\mathrm{AM}}_k\&CenterDot;H_k+N_k=A_k\&CenterDot;H_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k,k=\mathrm{0,1},....N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1$ (公式21)$R_k={\mathrm{AM}}_k\&CenterDot;h_k+N_k=A_k\&Center\; Dot;h_k\&CenterDot;e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k,k=\mathrm{0,1},....N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1$ (Formula 21)

那么，进行预定数学运算(除法运算/共轭相乘)Then, perform the predetermined mathematical operation (division operation/conjugate multiplication)

或E_k＝R_k·(A(t)_k·H_est,k)^*， (公式22) or E_k =R_k ·(A(t)_k ·H_est,k )^* , (Equation 22)

其中A(t)_k表示已知频域序列集的第t个已知序列。t＝1,...T，一共有T个序列。若已知频域序列集仅有一个已知序列，即T＝1，则A(1)_k＝A_k，其中H_est为信道估计值。where A(t)_k represents the tth known sequence of the known frequency domain sequence set. t=1,...T, there are T sequences in total. If there is only one known sequence in the known frequency domain sequence set, that is, T=1, then A(1)_k =A_k , where H_est is the channel estimation value.

比如，预定数学运算采用的方法，当已知频域序列集仅有一个已知序列时，且当H_est＝H时，For example, predetermined math operations using method, when there is only one known sequence in the known frequency domain sequence set, and when H_est =H,

则${E\left(1\right)}_k=\frac{R_k}{{A\left(1\right)}_k\&CenterDot;H_{\mathrm{est},k}}=e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+\frac{N_K}{A_k\&CenterDot;H_{\mathrm{est},k}},$ (公式23)but${\mathrm{E.}\left(1\right)}_k=\frac{R_k}{{A\left(1\right)}_k\&Center\; Dot;h_{\mathrm{est},k}}=e^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+\frac{N_K}{A_k\&Center\; Dot;h_{\mathrm{est},k}},$ (Formula 23)

其物理意义为每个子载波的调制相位值。而预定数学运算采用另一种运算公式${E\left(1\right)}_k=R_k\&CenterDot;{(A{\left(1\right)}_k\&CenterDot;H_{\mathrm{est},k})}^{*}\&ap;{\left|H_k\right|}^2\&CenterDot;{\left|A_k\right|}^2{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k\&CenterDot;{A_k}^{*}{H_{\mathrm{est},k}}^{*},$ (公式24)Its physical meaning is the modulation phase value of each subcarrier. while the predetermined mathematical operation uses another calculation formula${\mathrm{E.}\left(1\right)}_k=R_k\&Center\; Dot;{(A{\left(1\right)}_k\&Center\; Dot;h_{\mathrm{est},k})}^{*}\&ap;{\left|h_k\right|}^2\&Center\; Dot;{\left|A_k\right|}^2{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;sk}}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}}+N_k\&Center\; Dot;{A_k}^{*}{h_{\mathrm{est},k}}^{*},$ (Formula 24)

同样包含每个子载波的调制相位值。Also contains the modulation phase value for each subcarrier.

再将E(t)_k，k＝0,1,....N_FFT-1进行IFFT运算，则每一个PFC符号将得到t个IFFT运算的结果，可选择地将结果进行取绝对值或取绝对值平方的操作，然后按照预定选定规则选取t＝1,...T的T个结果中最为可靠的那个作为该PFC符号的运算结果,其所对应的t值即可解出由频域不同序列所传送的信令。预定选定规则中最为可靠的判断方法可以是峰值最大或者是峰均比最大等。Then E(t)_k , k=0,1,...N_FFT -1 is subjected to IFFT operation, then each PFC symbol will obtain the results of t IFFT operations, and the results can be optionally taken as absolute values or Take the operation of taking the square of the absolute value, and then select the most reliable one among the T results of t=1,...T according to the predetermined selection rule as the operation result of the PFC symbol, and the corresponding t value can be solved by Signaling conveyed by different sequences in the frequency domain. The most reliable judgment method in the predetermined selection rule may be the largest peak value or the largest peak-to-average ratio.

若每个PFC符号的已知频域序列集仅有1个已知序列，则选取T个结果中峰均比最大的那个作为该符号的运算结果这一步骤可以省略，直接取其每个符号的唯一IFFT结果即可。If there is only one known sequence in the known frequency domain sequence set of each PFC symbol, the step of selecting the one with the largest peak-to-average ratio among the T results as the operation result of the symbol can be omitted, and each symbol is directly taken The only IFFT result of .

图13是本发明的实施例二中一个时域主体信号的反傅里叶结果在AWGN下的波形图。图中所示，离散反傅立叶变换的最大值出现的序号为633，值为0.9996.Fig. 13 is a waveform diagram of an inverse Fourier transform result of a main signal in time domain under AWGN in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the serial number of the maximum value of the discrete inverse Fourier transform is 633, and the value is 0.9996.

那么假设PFC一共有Q个时域符号，则将得到Q个时域符号的下述波形C(q),q＝1,...Q。注意C(q)可以是从T个结果选取后的某个原始IFFT的结果，也可以是求取绝对值或者绝对值平方后的结果。Then assuming that the PFC has Q time-domain symbols in total, the following waveforms C(q), q=1,...Q of Q time-domain symbols will be obtained. Note that C(q) can be the result of an original IFFT selected from T results, or the result of calculating the absolute value or the square of the absolute value.

这时，由于频域上的操作包含去除信道的影响，故可以直接利用C(q)中绝对值最大的峰值所在的位置来推出时域循环移位值，由此推出频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传输信令，比如上图中最大峰值所对应位置为633。(这里对推算方法不做限定。)At this time, since the operation on the frequency domain includes removing the influence of the channel, the position of the peak with the largest absolute value in C(q) can be directly used to derive the time domain cyclic shift value, and thus the frequency domain modulation frequency offset instant The signaling transmitted by the domain cyclic shift value, for example, the position corresponding to the maximum peak value in the figure above is 633. (The calculation method is not limited here.)

但考虑到噪声和多径的影响，以及各种原因下的干扰径影响，还可以进一步地，可将每个符号的运算结果进行滤噪处理，即把大值保留，而小值全部置零，此步骤为可选。得到所有PFC符号所对应的处理结果，这里命名为C'(q),q＝1,...Q。However, considering the influence of noise and multipath, as well as the influence of interference paths under various reasons, the calculation result of each symbol can be further processed for noise filtering, that is, the large value is retained, and the small value is all set to zero. , this step is optional. The processing results corresponding to all PFC symbols are obtained, which are named C'(q), q=1,...Q here.

再将后一个符号的C'(q)进行循环移位，与前一个符号的C'(q-1)进行相乘或共轭相乘并累加，找出所有移位值中，累加值最大的那个，由其对应的移位值便可推算出所传输信令。该传输信令满足上述发送端的预定发送规则中由PFC符号对应的时域主体信号A的频域序列生成预生成子载波后，按S值对每个有效子载波进行相位调制，即等效于IFFT后对时域OFDM符号进行循环移位的方式来实现。Then, the C'(q) of the next symbol is cyclically shifted, multiplied or conjugated with the C'(q-1) of the previous symbol and accumulated, and the cumulative value is found to be the largest among all shifted values The transmitted signaling can be deduced from the corresponding shift value. The transmission signaling satisfies the predetermined transmission rules of the above-mentioned sender. After the pre-generated subcarriers are generated by the frequency domain sequence of the main signal A in the time domain corresponding to the PFC symbol, the phase modulation is performed on each effective subcarrier according to the S value, which is equivalent to It is realized by cyclically shifting the OFDM symbols in the time domain after IFFT.

具体描述如下，将C'(q)循环移位V得到C″(q,V)，可选择左移或者右移，本例中选择右移，V∈[0,N_FFT-1]，The specific description is as follows, C'(q) is cyclically shifted by V to obtain C"(q, V), and you can choose to shift left or right. In this example, choose right shift, V∈[0,N_FFT -1],

然后进行例如下式共轭相乘累加运算，Then perform, for example, the following conjugate multiplication and accumulation operation,

$\mathrm{Accum}\left(V\right)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{C}^{\&prime;}(q-1)\&CenterDot;\mathrm{conj}\left(C^{\&prime;\&prime;}(q,V)\right)$ (公式25)$\mathrm{Accum}\left(V\right)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{C}^{\&prime;}(q-1)\&Center\; Dot;\mathrm{conj}\left(C^{\&prime;\&prime;}(q,V)\right)$ (Formula 25)

特别说明的是，上述只是个实例，并不限定一定是共轭相乘，其相乘累加操作也可不必做N_FFT个点，只做几个大值点即可。In particular, the above is just an example, and is not limited to conjugate multiplication, and the multiplication and accumulation operation does not need to do_NFFT points, but only a few large-value points.

最后选取绝对值最大的那个Accum(V)，其对应的V值即对应所传输信令。Finally, the Accum (V) with the largest absolute value is selected, and its corresponding V value corresponds to the transmitted signaling.

注意，上文介绍中用到的信道估计值H_est,，第一个PFC符号通常已知，由已知序列进行时域/频域估计方法可得，比如在频域上接收频域信号处以已知频域序列既得。而后续符号的信道估计，当PFC的上一个符号译码结束后,假定译码正确,利用上一个的译码信息作为发送信息,在时域/频域再一次进行信道估计,并和先前的信道估计结果进行某种特定运算,得到新的信道估计结果,用于下一个符号的信令解析的信道估计.Note that the channel estimation value H_est, used in the above introduction, the first PFC symbol is usually known, and it can be obtained by the time-domain/frequency-domain estimation method from the known sequence, for example, in the frequency domain where the frequency domain signal is received by The known frequency domain sequence is obtained. For the channel estimation of subsequent symbols, when the decoding of the previous symbol of PFC is completed, it is assumed that the decoding is correct, and the previous decoding information is used as the transmission information, and the channel estimation is performed again in the time domain/frequency domain, and compared with the previous A specific operation is performed on the channel estimation result to obtain a new channel estimation result, which is used for the channel estimation of the signaling analysis of the next symbol.

特别说明的是，实施例一和实施例二提到的IFFT运算，基于IFFT运算和FFT运算有特定的数学关系，如果用FFT来等效实现，也不脱离本发明的内容。In particular, the IFFT operation mentioned in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is based on the specific mathematical relationship between IFFT operation and FFT operation. If FFT is used for equivalent implementation, it will not deviate from the content of the present invention.

本实施例一和实施例二都采用了相干解调，且时域消除噪声，在多径信道和低信噪比下都具有非常鲁棒的性能。相比于背景技术中利用前后符号频域直接差分的方法，本发明避免了放大噪声。且进一步利用前后符号的运算结构的相对位移，解决了在信道估计不太准确或者各种原因出现干扰径时的误判问题。Both the first embodiment and the second embodiment adopt coherent demodulation and eliminate noise in the time domain, and have very robust performance in multipath channels and low signal-to-noise ratios. Compared with the method of using the direct difference in the frequency domain of the preceding and following symbols in the background art, the present invention avoids amplifying noise. Furthermore, the relative displacement of the operation structure of the front and rear symbols is further used to solve the problem of misjudgment when the channel estimation is not accurate or interference paths occur for various reasons.

图14是本发明的实施例三中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图。Fig. 14 is a schematic flowchart of signaling analysis in the method for receiving preamble symbols in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

图14是本发明的实施例三中前导符号的接收方法中解析信令的流程示意图，该解析信令的流程包含于如图1中与实施例一相对应同样的前导符号的接收方法中，在实施例三中省略前导符号的接收方法的整体概述，图14为图2、图12的另一种实施方式。FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of signaling analysis in the method for receiving preamble symbols in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The process for analyzing signaling is included in the method for receiving preamble symbols corresponding to Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1 . An overall overview of the receiving method in which the preamble symbol is omitted in the third embodiment, FIG. 14 is another implementation manner of FIG. 2 and FIG. 12 .

如图14所示，在步骤S1-2的确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息中，该信令的解析步骤包含以下具体步骤：As shown in Figure 14, in step S1-2 of determining the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyzing the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol, the signaling analysis step includes the following specific steps:

步骤S2-3-1：将每个时域符号的已知频域信令集扩展为已知频域信令扩展集；Step S2-3-1: expanding the known frequency-domain signaling set of each time-domain symbol into an extended set of known frequency-domain signaling;

步骤S2-3-2：将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；Step S2-3-2: performing Fourier transform on the main time domain signal of each time domain symbol to extract effective subcarriers;

步骤S2-3-3：将每个有效子载波与已知频域信令扩展集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算得到运算值，再进行所有有效子载波上运算值的累加；以及Step S2-3-3: Perform predetermined mathematical operations on each effective subcarrier and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling extension set and the channel estimation value to obtain the calculated value, and then perform all effective Accumulation of computed values on subcarriers; and

步骤S2-3-4：以第二预定选定规则从多组累加值选取出一个累加值，利用其对应的已知频域信令扩展集的频域已知序列，推得频域调制频偏值即时域循环移位所传输信令，并推得所对应的原始未扩展前的已知频域信令集里的已知频域序列，解出由频域不同序列所传输的信令信息。Step S2-3-4: Select an accumulated value from multiple sets of accumulated values according to the second predetermined selection rule, and use the frequency-domain known sequence of the corresponding known frequency-domain signaling extension set to derive the frequency-domain modulation frequency The offset value is cyclically shifted in the transmitted signaling in the instant domain, and the corresponding known frequency domain sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set before the original unexpanded is deduced, and the signaling transmitted by different sequences in the frequency domain is solved information.

具体地，首先将每个时域符号的已知频域信令集扩展为已知频域信令扩展集。然后将每个PFC符号所对应的时域主体信号A进行FFT运算，得到频域信号，将频域信号取出有效子载波的值，将每个有效子载波与已知频域信令扩展集的每一频域已知序列对应的子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算(共轭相乘/除法运算)后，再进行所有子载波上的运算值的累加得到累加值。最后基于该多组累加值，按照第二预定选取规则选取出最为可靠的那个，利用其对应的已知频域信令扩展集的频域已知序列，即可推得调制频偏值，从而得到频域调制频偏即时域循环移位所传输信令，同时推得所对应的原始未扩展前的已知频域信令集里的已知频域序列，解出由频域不同序列所传输的信令。Specifically, firstly, the known frequency-domain signaling set of each time-domain symbol is expanded into an extended set of known frequency-domain signaling. Then perform FFT operation on the time domain main signal A corresponding to each PFC symbol to obtain the frequency domain signal, take out the value of the effective subcarrier from the frequency domain signal, and combine each effective subcarrier with the value of the known frequency domain signaling extension set After performing predetermined mathematical operations (conjugate multiplication/division operations) on subcarriers and channel estimation values corresponding to each known sequence in the frequency domain, the calculated values on all subcarriers are accumulated to obtain an accumulated value. Finally, based on the multiple sets of accumulated values, the most reliable one is selected according to the second predetermined selection rule, and the modulation frequency offset value can be deduced by using its corresponding known sequence in the frequency domain of the extended set of known frequency domain signaling, so that Obtain the frequency offset of the frequency domain modulation, that is, the signaling transmitted by the cyclic shift in the domain, and at the same time deduce the corresponding known frequency domain sequence in the original unexpanded known frequency domain signaling set, and solve the difference between the different sequences in the frequency domain. Transmitted signaling.

当该符号未扩展的已知频域信令集仅有一个已知序列，即仅依靠频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令时，实施例三简化如下：When the symbol-unspread known frequency-domain signaling set has only one known sequence, that is, only relying on the signaling transmitted by the frequency-domain modulation frequency offset and instant-domain cyclic shift value, the third embodiment is simplified as follows:

首先将每个符号的唯一已知频域序列扩展为已知频域信令扩展集。然后将每个PFC符号所对应的时域主体信号A进行FFT运算，得到频域信号，将频域信号取出有效子载波的值，将每个有效子载波与已知频域信令扩展集的每一频域已知序列对应的子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数字运算(共轭相乘/除法运算)后，再进行所有子载波上的运算值的累加得到累加值。最后基于该多组累加值，选取出最为可靠的那个，利用其对应的已知频域信令扩展集的频域已知序列，即可推得调制频偏值，从而得到频域调制频偏即时域循环移位所传输信令。Firstly, the unique known frequency-domain sequence of each symbol is expanded into a known frequency-domain signaling extension set. Then perform FFT operation on the time domain main signal A corresponding to each PFC symbol to obtain the frequency domain signal, take out the value of the effective subcarrier from the frequency domain signal, and combine each effective subcarrier with the value of the known frequency domain signaling extension set After performing predetermined digital operations (conjugate multiplication/division operations) on subcarriers and channel estimation values corresponding to each known sequence in the frequency domain, the calculated values on all subcarriers are accumulated to obtain an accumulated value. Finally, based on the multiple sets of accumulated values, the most reliable one is selected, and the frequency-domain known sequence of the corresponding known frequency-domain signaling extension set can be used to derive the modulation frequency offset value, thereby obtaining the frequency-domain modulation frequency offset The transmitted signaling is cyclically shifted in the instant domain.

这里的已知频域信令集指每个PFC时域符号对应的时域主体信号A在频域子载波调制相位前填充至子载波的频域序列的所有可能序列，如发送端有调制PN操作，这里指调制PN后的所有可能的频域序列。The known frequency domain signaling set here refers to all possible sequences of the frequency domain sequence of subcarriers filled by the time domain main signal A corresponding to each PFC time domain symbol before the frequency domain subcarrier modulation phase, such as the transmitter has modulation PN Operation, here refers to all possible frequency domain sequences after modulating PN.

已知频域信令扩展集通过如下方式得到：将已知频域信令集里的每一个已知频域序列进行对应的按所有可能频偏值调制子载波相位，其所有可能的S个调制频偏值，则将生成S个调制频偏后的已知序列。举例来说，若原始已知频域信令集里有T个已知频域序列L₁，L₂…，L_T,则每个已知频域序列L_t将按S种调制频偏值分别得到L_t，1,L_t，2,…,L_t,S等。举例来说：The extended set of known frequency domain signaling is obtained in the following way: each known frequency domain sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set is correspondingly modulated according to all possible frequency offset values of the subcarrier phase, and all possible S If the frequency offset value is modulated, S known sequences after frequency offset modulation will be generated. For example, if there are T known frequency-domain sequences L₁ , L₂ ..., L_T in the original known frequency-domain signaling set, each known frequency-domain sequence L_t will be modulated according to S kinds of frequency offset values Respectively L_{t, 1} , L_{t, 2} ,..., L_{t, S} and so on. for example:

其中，k对应于子载波序号。其中零载波放在序号0。通过调制频偏值个数S与已知频域序列个数T的相乘，这样T个已知频域序列将扩展为T·S个已知频域序列，构成已知频域信令扩展集。 Wherein, k corresponds to the subcarrier sequence number. The zero carrier is placed at sequence number 0. By multiplying the number S of modulated frequency offset values by the number T of known frequency domain sequences, T known frequency domain sequences will be expanded into T·S known frequency domain sequences, forming a known frequency domain signaling extension set.

当该符号未扩展的已知频域信令集仅有一个已知序列，即仅依靠频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令时，即T＝1，则扩展集包含共S个已知频域序列。When the unexpanded known frequency-domain signaling set of the symbol has only one known sequence, that is, when only relying on the signaling transmitted by the frequency offset and time-domain cyclic shift value of the frequency domain modulation, that is, T=1, then the extended set contains a total of S known frequency domain sequences.

具体来说，例如,设K＝0:N_zc-1,N_zc为有效子载波个数,H_est,k为第k个有效子载波对应的信道估计值,R_k为接收到的第k个有效子载波的值,L_k,t,s为已知频域序列扩展集中第t,s个序列的第k个取值。Specifically, for example, let K=0: N_zc -1, N_zc is the number of effective subcarriers, H_est,k is the channel estimation value corresponding to the kth effective subcarrier, R_k is the received kth The value of effective subcarriers, L_{k, t, s} is the kth value of the t, sth sequence in the known frequency domain sequence expansion set.

则but

$\begin{array}{ccc}{\mathrm{corr}}_{t,s}=\mathrm{Re}\left(\underset{k=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{ZC}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{R}_k{H_{\mathrm{est},k}}^{*}{L_{k,t,s}}^{*}\right)& t=0:T-1& s=0:S-1\end{array}$ (公式26)$\begin{array}{ccc}{\mathrm{corr}}_{t,\mathrm{the\; s}}=\mathrm{Re}\left(\underset{k=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{ZC}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{R}_k{h_{\mathrm{est},k}}^{*}{L_{k,t,\mathrm{the\; s}}}^{*}\right)& t=0:T-1& \mathrm{the\; s}=0:S-1\end{array}$ (Formula 26)

或or

$\begin{array}{ccc}{\mathrm{corr}}_{t,s}=\left|\left(\underset{k=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{ZC}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{R}_k{H_{\mathrm{est},k}}^{*}{L_{k,t,s}}^{*}\right)\right|& t=0:T-1& s=0:S-1\end{array}$ (公式27)$\begin{array}{ccc}{\mathrm{corr}}_{t,\mathrm{the\; s}}=\left|\left(\underset{k=0}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{ZC}}-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{R}_k{h_{\mathrm{est},k}}^{*}{L_{k,t,\mathrm{the\; s}}}^{*}\right)\right|& t=0:T-1& \mathrm{the\; s}=0:S-1\end{array}$ (Formula 27)

其中，||表示取绝对值操作。Among them, || means to take the absolute value operation.

取max(corr_t,s)或所对应的t和s，利用s其对应的已知频域信令扩展集的频域已知序列，即可推得调制频偏值，从而得到频域调制频偏即时域循环移位所传输的信令；同时利用t推得所对应的原始未扩展前的已知频域信令集里的已知频域序列，解出由频域不同序列所传输的信令。Take max(corr_t,s ) or the corresponding t and s, and use the frequency-domain known sequence of the known frequency-domain signaling extension set corresponding to s to obtain the modulation frequency offset value, thereby obtaining the frequency-domain modulation The frequency offset is the signaling transmitted by the cyclic shift in the instant domain; at the same time, use t to deduce the corresponding known frequency domain sequence in the original unexpanded known frequency domain signaling set, and solve the transmission by different sequences in the frequency domain signaling.

当该符号未扩展的已知频域信令集仅有一个已知序列，即仅依靠频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令时，即T＝1，则扩展集包含共S个已知频域序列。利用s其对应的已知频域信令扩展集的频域已知序列，即可推得调制频偏值，从而得到频域调制频偏即时域循环移位所传输的信令。When the unexpanded known frequency-domain signaling set of the symbol has only one known sequence, that is, when only relying on the signaling transmitted by the frequency offset and time-domain cyclic shift value of the frequency domain modulation, that is, T=1, then the extended set contains a total of S known frequency domain sequences. The modulation frequency offset value can be deduced by using the frequency-domain known sequence of the corresponding known frequency-domain signaling extension set of s, so as to obtain the signaling transmitted by the frequency-domain modulation frequency offset, that is, the cyclic shift in the domain.

注意，上文介绍中用到的H_est，第一个PFC符号通常已知，由已知序列进行时域/频域估计方法可得，比如在频域上接收频域信号处以已知频域序列既得，而后续符号的信道估计，当PFC的上一个符号译码结束后,假定译码正确,利用上一个的译码信息作为发送信息,在时域/频域再一次进行信道估计,并和先前的信道估计结果进行某种特定运算,得到新的信道估计结果,用于下一个符号的信令解析的信道估计。Note that for the H_est used in the above introduction, the first PFC symbol is usually known, and it can be obtained by the time domain/frequency domain estimation method from the known sequence, such as receiving the frequency domain signal in the frequency domain with the known frequency domain The sequence is vested, and the channel estimation of the subsequent symbols, when the decoding of the previous symbol of PFC is completed, it is assumed that the decoding is correct, and the previous decoding information is used as the transmission information, and the channel estimation is performed again in the time domain/frequency domain, and A specific operation is performed with the previous channel estimation result to obtain a new channel estimation result, which is used for channel estimation of the signaling analysis of the next symbol.

图中未显示的，本发明的实施例还提供了一种前导符号的接收装置，用于发送装置满足预定发送规则时，该接收装置包括：处理判断部，用于对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；以及定位解析部，用于确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息。Not shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a preamble receiving device, which is used when the sending device satisfies the predetermined sending rule, and the receiving device includes: a processing judgment part, which is used to judge the processed baseband signal Whether there is a preamble symbol; and a positioning analysis unit, configured to determine the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyze the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol.

其中，定位解析部包含：载波提取单元，用于将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；运算处理单元，将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及选定解析单元，每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。Wherein, the positioning analysis part includes: a carrier extraction unit, which is used to extract effective subcarriers after performing Fourier transform on the time domain main signal of each time domain symbol; In the known frequency domain signaling set of symbols, the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence are subjected to a predetermined mathematical operation and then inverse Fourier transformed, and an inverse Fourier result is obtained corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence; and Selecting an analysis unit, each time-domain symbol is based on an inverse Fourier selection result selected from one or more inverse Fourier results according to a first predetermined selection rule, and then dividing between multiple time-domain symbols Predetermined processing operations are performed to decipher the signaling information based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.

图中未显示的，本发明的实施例还提供了一种前导符号的接收装置，用于发送装置满足预定发送规则时，该接收装置包括：处理判断部，用于对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；定位解析部，用于对确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息。Not shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a preamble receiving device, which is used when the sending device satisfies the predetermined sending rule, and the receiving device includes: a processing judgment part, which is used to judge the processed baseband signal Whether there is a preamble symbol; the location analysis unit is used to determine the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and analyze the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol.

其中，定位解析部包含：载波提取单元，将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；运算处理单元，将每个有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及选定解析单元，每个时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，用于直接解出信令信息和/或利用多个时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出信令信息。Wherein, the positioning analysis part includes: a carrier extraction unit, which performs Fourier transform on the time domain main signal of each time domain symbol to extract an effective subcarrier; an operation processing unit that combines each effective subcarrier with the time domain signal of the time domain symbol In the known frequency domain signaling set, the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence and the channel estimation value are subjected to a predetermined mathematical operation and then inverse Fourier transform, and an inverse Fourier result is obtained corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence and a selected resolution unit, each time-domain symbol is based on an inverse Fourier selected result selected from one or more inverse Fourier results with a first predetermined selection rule, for directly deciphering the signaling information and/or utilize predetermined processing operations between multiple time-domain symbols to decipher signaling information based on obtained inter-symbol processing results.

图中未显示的，本发明的实施例还提供了一种前导符号的接收装置，用于发送装置满足预定发送规则时，该接收装置包括：一种前导符号的接收装置，适用于发送装置满足预定发送规则时，，其特征在于，包括：处理判断部，用于对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；定位解析部，用于确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息。Not shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a leading symbol receiving device, which is used when the sending device meets a predetermined sending rule. The receiving device includes: a leading symbol receiving device, which is suitable for the sending device to meet When the transmission rule is predetermined, it is characterized in that it includes: a processing judgment part, which is used to judge whether there is a leading symbol for the processed baseband signal; a positioning analysis part, which is used to determine the position of the leading symbol in the physical frame and resolve the leading symbol Signaling information carried.

其中，定位解析部包含：扩展单位，用于将每个时域符号的已知频域信令集扩展为已知频域信令扩展集；载波提取单元，将每个时域符号的时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；运算处理单元，将每个有效子载波与已知频域信令扩展集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波以及信道估计值进行预定数学运算得到运算值，再进行所有有效子载波上运算值的累加；以及选定解析单元，以第二预定选定规则从多组累加值选取出一个累加值，利用其对应的已知频域信令扩展集的频域已知序列，推得频域调制频偏值即时域循环移位所传输信令，并推得所对应的原始未扩展前的已知频域信令集里的已知频域序列，解出由频域不同序列所传输的信令信息。Wherein, the positioning analysis part includes: an extension unit, which is used to expand the known frequency domain signaling set of each time domain symbol into a known frequency domain signaling extension set; a carrier extraction unit, which is used to expand the time domain signaling set of each time domain symbol The main signal is subjected to Fourier transform to extract effective sub-carriers; the operation processing unit performs each effective sub-carrier with the known sub-carriers corresponding to each frequency-domain known sequence in the known frequency-domain signaling extension set and the channel estimation value Predetermined mathematical operations to obtain the calculated value, and then accumulate the calculated values on all effective subcarriers; and select an analysis unit to select an accumulated value from multiple groups of accumulated values according to the second predetermined selection rule, and use its corresponding known frequency The frequency-domain known sequence of the domain signaling extension set, deduce the frequency-domain modulation frequency offset value, that is, the transmission signaling of the cyclic shift in the domain, and deduce the corresponding original unexpanded known frequency-domain signaling set The frequency domain sequence is known, and the signaling information transmitted by different sequences in the frequency domain is solved.

本实施中所提供的前导符号的生成装置和接收装置分别可以与上述实施例中前导符号的生成方法、接收方法所分别相对应，那么装置中所具有的结构和技术要素可由生成方法相应转换形成，在此省略说明不再赘述。The generation device and the receiving device of the preamble symbols provided in this implementation can respectively correspond to the generation method and the receiving method of the preamble symbols in the above-mentioned embodiments, then the structure and technical elements in the device can be formed by the corresponding transformation of the generation method , and the description is omitted here.

本发明虽然已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改，因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can use the methods disclosed above and technical content to analyze the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Possible changes and modifications are made in the technical solution. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the technical solution of the present invention. protected range.

Claims (11)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种前导符号的接收方法，适用于发送端满足预定发送规则时，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：1. A method for receiving a leading symbol, applicable to when the sending end meets a predetermined sending rule, it is characterized in that, comprising the steps:对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；Judging whether there is a leading symbol on the processed baseband signal;确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息，Determine the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and parse out the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol,其中，在该进行确定和解析的步骤中，包含：Wherein, in the step of determining and analyzing, it includes:将每个所述时域符号的所述时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；performing Fourier transform on the main time domain signal of each time domain symbol to extract effective subcarriers;将每个所述有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个所述频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及Each of the effective subcarriers and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol are subjected to a predetermined mathematical operation and then inverse Fourier transformed, corresponding to each of the The known sequence in the frequency domain yields an inverse Fourier result; and每个所述时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个所述反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个所述时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出所述信令信息。Each of the time-domain symbols is based on an inverse Fourier selection result selected from one or more of the inverse Fourier results according to a first predetermined selection rule, and then one of the plurality of time-domain symbols is selected. Predetermined processing operations are performed between symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.2.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，2. the receiving method of preamble symbol as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,其中，所述预定发送规则：发送的每个时域符号中时域主体信号对应的频域主体序列进行处理得到生成预生成子载波后，在频域中以预定频偏值S对每个有效子载波进行相位调制或反傅里叶变换后在时域中进行循环移位。Wherein, the predetermined sending rule: After processing the frequency-domain main sequence corresponding to the time-domain main signal in each time-domain symbol sent to obtain pre-generated subcarriers, the predetermined frequency offset value S is valid for each sub-carrier in the frequency domain Subcarriers are cyclically shifted in the time domain after phase modulation or inverse Fourier transform.3.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，还包括，3. The method for receiving a preamble symbol according to claim 1, further comprising:对所述反傅里叶选定结果进行取绝对值或取绝对值平方，再来以所述第一预定选定规则选出反傅里叶选定结果。The absolute value or the square of the absolute value is taken on the selected result of the reverse Fourier transform, and then the selected result of the reverse Fourier transform is selected according to the first predetermined selection rule.4.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，4. the receiving method of preamble symbol as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,其中，所述第一预定选定规则包含以峰值最大进行选定和/或者以峰均比最大进行选定。Wherein, the first predetermined selection rule includes selecting with the maximum peak value and/or selecting with the maximum peak-to-average ratio.5.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，还包括，5. The method for receiving a preamble symbol according to claim 1, further comprising:滤噪处理步骤，包括：Noise filtering processing steps, including:可将每个时域符号的反傅里叶结果进行滤噪处理，将大值保留，小值全部置零。The inverse Fourier result of each time-domain symbol can be processed for noise filtering, the large value is reserved, and all small values are set to zero.6.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，6. the method for receiving the preamble symbol as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,其中，所解析出的信令信息包含：不同频域序列传送信令和/或频域调制频偏即时域循环移位值所传信令。Wherein, the analyzed signaling information includes: different frequency domain sequence transmission signaling and/or frequency domain modulation frequency offset and instant domain cyclic shift value transmission signaling.7.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，7. the receiving method of preamble symbol as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,其中，所述已知频域信令集指每个时域符号对应的主体时域信号在频域子载波调制相位前填充至子载波的频域序列的所有可能序列。Wherein, the known frequency-domain signaling set refers to all possible sequences of frequency-domain sequences that are filled into subcarriers by the subject time-domain signal corresponding to each time-domain symbol before frequency-domain subcarrier modulation phase.8.如权利要求7所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，8. the receiving method of preamble symbol as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,其中，当时域符号的已知频域序列集仅有1个已知序列，则所述第一预定选定规则为直接取其每个所述时域符号的唯一所述反傅里叶结果作为所述反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个所述时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出所述信令信息。Wherein, the known frequency-domain sequence set of the time-domain symbol has only one known sequence, then the first predetermined selection rule is to directly take the unique inverse Fourier result of each of the time-domain symbols as The result of the inverse Fourier transform is selected, and then a predetermined processing operation is performed between a plurality of the time-domain symbols, and the signaling information is deciphered based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.9.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，9. The receiving method of the preamble symbol as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that,其中，所述预定数学运算包含：共轭相乘或除法运算。Wherein, the predetermined mathematical operation includes: conjugate multiplication or division operation.10.如权利要求1所述的前导符号的接收方法，其特征在于，10. the method for receiving the preamble symbol as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,其中，将多个所述时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出所述信令信息的步骤中，包含：Wherein, the step of performing predetermined processing operations between multiple time-domain symbols, and deciphering the signaling information based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results includes:将后一个时域符号进行循环移位，与前一个时域符号进行相乘或共轭相乘并累加得到累加值，找出对应于所有预定频偏值或循环位移值中累加值最大的移位值，由该移位值推算出所述信令信息。Perform cyclic shift on the latter time domain symbol, multiply or conjugate multiply with the previous time domain symbol and accumulate to obtain the accumulated value, and find the shift corresponding to the largest accumulated value among all predetermined frequency offset values or cyclic shift values bit value, and the signaling information is calculated from the shift value.11.一种前导符号的接收装置，适用于发送装置满足预定发送规则时，其特征在于，包括：11. A receiving device for a preamble symbol, suitable for when the sending device satisfies a predetermined sending rule, characterized in that it comprises:处理判断部，用于对处理得到的基带信号判断是否存在前导符号；以及a processing judging unit, configured to judge whether there is a preamble symbol for the processed baseband signal; and定位解析部，用于确定前导符号在物理帧中位置并解析出该前导符号携带的信令信息，a positioning analysis unit, configured to determine the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame and parse out the signaling information carried by the preamble symbol,其中，所述定位解析部包含：Wherein, the positioning analysis part includes:载波提取单元，用于将每个所述时域符号的所述时域主体信号进行傅里叶变换后提取出有效子载波；a carrier extraction unit, configured to perform Fourier transform on the main time domain signal of each time domain symbol to extract effective subcarriers;运算处理单元，将每个所述有效子载波与该时域符号的已知频域信令集中每一频域已知序列对应的已知子载波进行预定数学运算后反傅里叶变换，对应于每一个所述频域已知序列得到一个反傅里叶结果；以及The operation processing unit performs predetermined mathematical operations on each of the effective subcarriers and the known subcarriers corresponding to each frequency domain known sequence in the known frequency domain signaling set of the time domain symbol, and then inverse Fourier transforms, corresponding to obtaining an inverse Fourier result for each of said frequency-domain known sequences; and选定解析单元，每个所述时域符号基于以第一预定选定规则从一个或多个所述反傅里叶结果中所选出的反傅里叶选定结果，再将多个所述时域符号之间进行预定处理操作，基于所得的符号间处理结果解出所述信令信息。Selecting an analysis unit, each of the time-domain symbols is based on an inverse Fourier selected result selected from one or more of the inverse Fourier results according to a first predetermined selection rule, and then a plurality of the inverse Fourier results are selected performing a predetermined processing operation between the time-domain symbols, and deciphering the signaling information based on the obtained inter-symbol processing results.