技术领域technical field
本发明涉及水产品的加工处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种去除腥味彻底、不产生有害物质、脱腥物质方便分离的去除鱼蛋白酶解液腥味的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product processing, in particular to a method for removing fishy smell from fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, which completely removes fishy smell, does not produce harmful substances, and facilitates the separation of fishy substances.
背景技术Background technique
水产品的腥味来源于本身和水解过程,水产品因其含有较多的不饱和脂肪酸,脂肪在水解过程中受到其他因素(如原料的铁等金属,酶制剂的脂肪,空气中的氧气等)的影响发生变化而导致腥味,其成分包括氨、吲哚、三甲胺、硫化氢、低分子醛酮、挥发性有机酸等。The fishy smell of aquatic products comes from itself and the hydrolysis process. Because aquatic products contain more unsaturated fatty acids, the fat is affected by other factors (such as iron and other metals in raw materials, fat in enzyme preparations, oxygen in the air, etc.) during hydrolysis. ) changes to cause fishy smell, its components include ammonia, indole, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, low molecular aldehydes and ketones, volatile organic acids, etc.
酶解或者水解制成游离氨基酸溶液制备成氨基酸叶面肥往往腥味很重,作为氨基酸叶面肥需要脱腥。Amino acid foliar fertilizers prepared from free amino acid solutions by enzymatic hydrolysis or hydrolysis often have a strong fishy smell, and as amino acid foliar fertilizers, they need to be deodorized.
酶解的蛋白液中的腥味主要来源于原料本身和水解过程,呈腥味的化学成分是氨、二甲胺、三甲胺,氮杂环己烷、挥发性氨基酸、吲哚、低分子的醛、酮等物质。目前,对酶解蛋白液脱腥的研究主要是采用物理化学法,如乙醚萃取法、糊精包埋法、活性炭吸附法等,也有采用微生物发酵法的,但使用单一的脱腥方法效果往往不是很理想。The fishy smell in the enzymatically hydrolyzed protein liquid mainly comes from the raw material itself and the hydrolysis process. The chemical components that show the fishy smell are ammonia, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, azacyclohexane, volatile amino acids, indole, low molecular weight Aldehydes, ketones etc. At present, the research on deodorization of enzymatic protein solution mainly adopts physical and chemical methods, such as ether extraction method, dextrin embedding method, activated carbon adsorption method, etc., and microbial fermentation method is also used, but the effect of using a single deodorization method is often Not ideal.
CN101906358B的中国专利公开了一种去腥、去味组合物及制备方法,该组合物中各组分质量百分比如下:茶树油0.5%~5.0%,桉树油0.5%~5.0%,AES3.0%~15.0%,CAO1.0%~10.0%,BS-123.0%~12.0%,丙二醇2.0%~12.0%,水41.0%~90.0%,将去离子水加入反应釜中,边搅拌边加入表面活性剂AES、CAO升温至70℃,待AES、CAO完全溶解后,边搅拌边依次加入茶树油、桉树油乳化30~40分钟,充分乳化后再加入表面活性剂BS-12,搅拌溶解冷却至50℃,加入助溶剂丙二醇,搅拌冷却至30℃。该组合物虽然具有吸附分解功能,能去除海产品和淡水产品加工和饮食过程中残留的腥味,但是除腥方法复杂,成本高。The Chinese patent of CN101906358B discloses a fishy and odor-removing composition and a preparation method. The mass percentages of the components in the composition are as follows: tea tree oil 0.5%-5.0%, eucalyptus oil 0.5%-5.0%, AES 3.0% ~15.0%, CAO1.0%~10.0%, BS-123.0%~12.0%, propylene glycol 2.0%~12.0%, water 41.0%~90.0%, add deionized water into the reaction kettle, add surfactant while stirring Heat up AES and CAO to 70°C. After AES and CAO are completely dissolved, add tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil to emulsify for 30-40 minutes while stirring. After fully emulsified, add surfactant BS-12, stir to dissolve and cool to 50°C , add co-solvent propylene glycol, stir and cool to 30°C. Although the composition has the function of adsorption and decomposition, and can remove the fishy smell remaining in the processing and eating process of seafood and freshwater products, the method for removing the fishy smell is complicated and the cost is high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了克服现有鱼蛋白酶解液脱腥工艺中所存在的不足,提供了一种去除腥味彻底、不产生有害物质、脱腥物质方便分离的去除鱼蛋白酶解液腥味的方法。In order to overcome the deficiencies in the existing fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate deodorization process, the present invention provides a fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate deodorization method that removes fishy smell thoroughly, does not produce harmful substances, and can be easily separated from fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种去除鱼蛋白酶解液腥味的方法,在所述的鱼蛋白酶解液中加入脱腥组合物,在0.06-0.075MPa的真空度、60-90℃下维持30-60min,然后放入光催化剂进行光催化。在本技术方案中,由于单一的脱腥方法效果不理想,采用多种脱腥方法结合,先在真空条件下用脱腥组合物使得产生异味物质随水蒸气排出,这步步骤易于操作,脱腥效果好;然后使用光催化剂,强化脱腥效果。A method for removing the fishy smell of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adding a deodorizing composition to the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, maintaining a vacuum of 0.06-0.075MPa at 60-90°C for 30-60min, and then putting it into a light The catalyst performs photocatalysis. In this technical solution, since the effect of a single deodorization method is not ideal, a combination of multiple deodorization methods is adopted. First, the deodorization composition is used under vacuum conditions to make the odorous substances be discharged with water vapor. This step is easy to operate, and the deodorization The fishy smell effect is good; then use photocatalyst to strengthen the fishy smell effect.
作为优选,所述脱腥组合物由以下重量份数的原料组成:植物提取物20-30份、维生素C30-40份、酵母10-15份与乙醇50-80份。Preferably, the deodorant composition is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of plant extract, 30-40 parts of vitamin C, 10-15 parts of yeast and 50-80 parts of ethanol.
作为优选,植物提取物的制备方法为:按重量份数计将120份紫苏、30份菊花、10份淡竹叶、20份海藻酸钠、5份荷叶、150份茶叶与50份地丁草洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入紫苏、菊花、海藻酸钠、茶叶与地丁草重量5-10倍的纯净水,在100-120Mpa,55-65℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取30-45min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.2-0.5%的蛋白酶与0.8-1%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到植物提取物。As a preference, the preparation method of the plant extract is as follows: in parts by weight, 120 parts of perilla, 30 parts of chrysanthemum, 10 parts of bamboo leaves, 20 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of lotus leaves, 150 parts of tea leaves and 50 parts of rehmannia Wash the grass and grind it until gelatinized to form a slurry. Add perilla, chrysanthemum, sodium alginate, tea leaves and pure water 5-10 times the weight of chrysanthemum to the slurry. Use carbon dioxide as a solvent for supercritical extraction, after concentration, put it into ice water solution for ultrasonic extraction for 30-45 minutes, then filter, collect the filtrate, add 0.2-0.5% protease and 0.8-1% polygalactose to the filtrate For aldolase, react at 55°C for 1 hour, inactivate the enzyme, filter and concentrate to obtain the plant extract.
作为优选,光催化剂的制备方法为:将1L的乙醇中加入100-500g的纳米二氧化钛、20-50g的滑石粉与15-20g醋酸纤维素,60℃下超声震荡30-60min后80℃下干燥至乙醇完全挥发,研磨成粉末过800-1200目筛得到。在本技术方案中,纳米二氧化钛是一种技术成熟且具有较高催化性能的新型光催化剂,其能在太阳光特别是太阳光中紫外线的作用下,产生光生电子或光生空穴,光生电子或光生空穴再与水或水中的溶解氧反应,形成活性氧自由基。活性氧自由基能与鱼蛋白酶解液中含硫的有机腥味物质发生氧化还原反应,可以将腥味物质氧化成无害无异味的物质,从而除去鱼蛋白酶解液中的腥味,纳米二氧化钛光催化脱腥过程中不会产生对人体有害物质,安全且高效。Preferably, the photocatalyst is prepared by adding 100-500g of nano-titanium dioxide, 20-50g of talcum powder and 15-20g of cellulose acetate to 1L of ethanol, ultrasonically vibrating for 30-60min at 60°C and then drying at 80°C Until the ethanol is completely volatilized, it is ground into powder and passed through a 800-1200 mesh sieve. In this technical solution, nano-titanium dioxide is a new type of photocatalyst with mature technology and high catalytic performance, which can generate photogenerated electrons or photogenerated holes under the action of sunlight, especially ultraviolet rays in sunlight, photogenerated electrons or The photogenerated holes then react with water or dissolved oxygen in water to form active oxygen radicals. Active oxygen free radicals can undergo oxidation-reduction reactions with sulfur-containing organic fishy substances in the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, and can oxidize the fishy smell substances into harmless and odorless substances, thereby removing the fishy smell in the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, nano-titanium dioxide The photocatalytic deodorization process will not produce harmful substances to the human body, which is safe and efficient.
作为优选,鱼蛋白酶解液与脱腥组合物的质量比为16-20:1-3,将脱腥组合物装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液。Preferably, the mass ratio of the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate to the deodorizing composition is 16-20:1-3, and the deodorizing composition is put into a filter bag and then put into the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
作为优选,光催化剂与鱼蛋白酶解液的质量比为2-3:20-25,将光催化剂装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液。Preferably, the mass ratio of the photocatalyst to the fish protein hydrolyzate is 2-3:20-25, and the photocatalyst is put into a filter bag and then put into the fish protein hydrolyzate.
作为优选,光催化脱腥所用的光源为高压汞灯或红外光,时间为4-6h。Preferably, the light source used for photocatalytic deodorization is high-pressure mercury lamp or infrared light, and the time is 4-6h.
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1)去除腥味彻底、不产生有害物质、脱腥物质方便分离;1) Thoroughly removes fishy smell, does not produce harmful substances, and facilitates the separation of fishy-detached substances;
2)脱腥组合物与光催化剂均可方便分离,且能彻底分离,不会残留;2) Both the deodorant composition and the photocatalyst can be easily separated, and can be completely separated without residue;
3)成本低,操作方便,易于工业化。3) Low cost, convenient operation and easy industrialization.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种去除鱼蛋白酶解液腥味的方法,在所述的鱼蛋白酶解液中加入脱腥组合物,鱼蛋白酶解液与脱腥组合物的质量比为16:1,将脱腥组合物装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液,在0.06MPa的真空度、60℃下维持30min,取出装有脱腥组合物的过滤;然后放入光催化剂进行光催化,光催化剂与鱼蛋白酶解液的质量比为1:10,将光催化剂装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液,光催化脱腥所用的光源为高压汞灯或紫外光,时间为4h,光催化完成后,取出过滤袋。A method for removing the fishy smell of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adding a deodorizing composition to the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, the mass ratio of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate to deodorizing composition is 16:1, packing the deodorizing composition Put it into the filter bag, then put the fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis solution, maintain it at 0.06MPa vacuum degree and 60°C for 30 minutes, take out the filter with the deodorizing composition; then put it into the photocatalyst for photocatalysis, the photocatalyst and fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis The mass ratio of the liquid is 1:10. Put the photocatalyst into the filter bag and then put it into the fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis solution. The light source used for photocatalytic deodorization is a high-pressure mercury lamp or ultraviolet light for 4 hours. After the photocatalysis is completed, take it out filter bag.
所述脱腥组合物由以下重量份数的原料组成:植物提取物20份、维生素C30份、酵母10份与乙醇50份。The deodorant composition is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of plant extracts, 30 parts of vitamin C, 10 parts of yeast and 50 parts of ethanol.
植物提取物的制备方法为:按重量份数计将120份紫苏、30份菊花、10份淡竹叶、20份海藻酸钠、5份荷叶、150份茶叶与50份地丁草洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入紫苏、菊花、海藻酸钠、茶叶与地丁草重量5-10倍的纯净水,在100Mpa,55℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取30min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.2%的蛋白酶与0.8%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到植物提取物。The preparation method of the plant extract is as follows: wash 120 parts of perilla, 30 parts of chrysanthemum, 10 parts of bamboo leaves, 20 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of lotus leaves, 150 parts of tea leaves and 50 parts of chrysanthemum in parts by weight Grind until gelatinized to form a slurry, add perilla, chrysanthemum, sodium alginate, tea leaves and 5-10 times the weight of pure water to the slurry, and use carbon dioxide as a solvent for supercritical at 100Mpa and 55°C Extract, concentrate, put it into ice water solution for ultrasonic extraction for 30min, then filter, collect the filtrate, add 0.2% protease and 0.8% polygalacturonase to the filtrate, react at 55°C for 1h, and inactivate the enzyme live, filtered and concentrated to obtain plant extracts.
光催化剂的制备方法为:将1L的乙醇中加入100g的纳米二氧化钛、20g的滑石粉与15g醋酸纤维素,60℃下超声震荡30min后80℃下干燥至乙醇完全挥发,研磨成粉末过800目筛得到。The preparation method of the photocatalyst is: add 100g of nano-titanium dioxide, 20g of talc powder and 15g of cellulose acetate to 1L of ethanol, ultrasonically vibrate at 60°C for 30min, then dry at 80°C until the ethanol is completely volatilized, and grind it into powder and pass through 800 mesh Sieve to get.
实施例2Example 2
一种去除鱼蛋白酶解液腥味的方法,在所述的鱼蛋白酶解液中加入脱腥组合物,鱼蛋白酶解液与脱腥组合物的质量比为17:2,将脱腥组合物装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液,在0.066MPa的真空度、70℃下维持40min,取出装有脱腥组合物的过滤;然后放入光催化剂进行光催化,光催化剂与鱼蛋白酶解液的质量比为2:23,将光催化剂装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液,光催化脱腥所用的光源为高压汞灯或紫外光,时间为5h,光催化完成后,取出过滤袋。A method for removing fishy smell from fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adding deodorizing composition into said fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, the mass ratio of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate to deodorizing composition is 17:2, packing the deodorizing composition Put it into the filter bag, then put the fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis solution, maintain it at 0.066MPa vacuum degree and 70°C for 40min, take out the filter with the deodorizing composition; then put it into the photocatalyst for photocatalysis, the photocatalyst and fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis The mass ratio of the liquid is 2:23. Put the photocatalyst into the filter bag and then put it into the fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis solution. The light source used for photocatalytic deodorization is a high-pressure mercury lamp or ultraviolet light for 5 hours. After the photocatalysis is completed, take it out filter bag.
所述脱腥组合物由以下重量份数的原料组成:植物提取物25份、维生素C33份、酵母14份与乙醇65份。The deodorizing composition is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of plant extracts, 33 parts of vitamin C, 14 parts of yeast and 65 parts of ethanol.
植物提取物的制备方法为:按重量份数计将120份紫苏、30份菊花、10份淡竹叶、20份海藻酸钠、5份荷叶、150份茶叶与50份地丁草洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入紫苏、菊花、海藻酸钠、茶叶与地丁草重量8倍的纯净水,在110Mpa,60℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取35min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.3%的蛋白酶与0.9%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到植物提取物。The preparation method of the plant extract is as follows: wash 120 parts of perilla, 30 parts of chrysanthemum, 10 parts of bamboo leaves, 20 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of lotus leaves, 150 parts of tea leaves and 50 parts of chrysanthemum in parts by weight Grind until gelatinized to form a slurry, add perilla, chrysanthemum, sodium alginate, tea leaves and 8 times the weight of pure water to the slurry, and use carbon dioxide as a solvent for supercritical extraction at 110Mpa and 60°C. After concentration, put it into ice water solution for ultrasonic extraction for 35 minutes, then filter, collect the filtrate, add 0.3% protease and 0.9% polygalacturonase to the filtrate, react at 55°C for 1 hour, and inactivate the enzyme. Concentrate by filtration to obtain plant extracts.
光催化剂的制备方法为:将1L的乙醇中加入200g的纳米二氧化钛、30g的滑石粉与18g醋酸纤维素,60℃下超声震荡45min后80℃下干燥至乙醇完全挥发,研磨成粉末过900目筛得到。The preparation method of the photocatalyst is: add 200g of nano-titanium dioxide, 30g of talc powder and 18g of cellulose acetate to 1L of ethanol, ultrasonically vibrate at 60°C for 45min, then dry at 80°C until the ethanol is completely volatilized, and grind it into a powder through 900 mesh Sieve to get.
实施例3Example 3
一种去除鱼蛋白酶解液腥味的方法,在所述的鱼蛋白酶解液中加入脱腥组合物,鱼蛋白酶解液与脱腥组合物的质量比为20:3,将脱腥组合物装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液,在0.075MPa的真空度、90℃下维持60min,取出装有脱腥组合物的过滤;然后放入光催化剂进行光催化,光催化剂与鱼蛋白酶解液的质量比为3:25,将光催化剂装入过滤袋中然后放入鱼蛋白酶解液,光催化脱腥所用的光源为高压汞灯或紫外光,时间为6h,光催化完成后,取出过滤袋。A method for removing the fishy smell of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adding a deodorizing composition to the fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, the mass ratio of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate and deodorizing composition is 20:3, packing the deodorizing composition Put it into the filter bag, then put the fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis solution, maintain it at 0.075MPa vacuum degree and 90°C for 60min, take out the filter with the deodorizing composition; then put it into the photocatalyst for photocatalysis, the photocatalyst and fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis The mass ratio of the liquid is 3:25. Put the photocatalyst into the filter bag and then put it into the fish protein enzymatic hydrolysis solution. The light source used for photocatalytic deodorization is a high-pressure mercury lamp or ultraviolet light for 6 hours. After the photocatalysis is completed, take out filter bag.
所述脱腥组合物由以下重量份数的原料组成:植物提取物30份、维生素C40份、酵母15份与乙醇80份。The odor-removing composition is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of plant extracts, 40 parts of vitamin C, 15 parts of yeast and 80 parts of ethanol.
植物提取物的制备方法为:按重量份数计将120份紫苏、30份菊花、10份淡竹叶、20份海藻酸钠、5份荷叶、150份茶叶与50份地丁草洗净后磨至糊化,形成浆液,在浆液中加入紫苏、菊花、海藻酸钠、茶叶与地丁草重量10倍的纯净水,在120Mpa,65℃下,使用二氧化碳作为溶剂进行超临界萃取,浓缩后放入冰水溶液中超声提取45min后过滤,收集得到滤液,向滤液中加入滤液质量0.5%的蛋白酶与1%的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶,在55℃下反应1h,酶灭活,过滤浓缩,得到植物提取物。The preparation method of the plant extract is as follows: wash 120 parts of perilla, 30 parts of chrysanthemum, 10 parts of bamboo leaves, 20 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of lotus leaves, 150 parts of tea leaves and 50 parts of chrysanthemum in parts by weight Grind until gelatinized to form a slurry, add perilla, chrysanthemum, sodium alginate, tea leaves and pure water 10 times the weight of chrysanthemum to the slurry, and use carbon dioxide as a solvent for supercritical extraction at 120Mpa and 65°C. After concentration, put it into ice water solution for ultrasonic extraction for 45 minutes, then filter, collect the filtrate, add 0.5% protease and 1% polygalacturonase to the filtrate, react at 55°C for 1 hour, and inactivate the enzyme. Concentrate by filtration to obtain plant extracts.
光催化剂的制备方法为:将1L的乙醇中加入500g的纳米二氧化钛、50g的滑石粉与20g醋酸纤维素,60℃下超声震荡60min后80℃下干燥至乙醇完全挥发,研磨成粉末过1200目筛得到。The preparation method of the photocatalyst is: add 500g of nano-titanium dioxide, 50g of talc powder and 20g of cellulose acetate to 1L of ethanol, ultrasonically vibrate at 60°C for 60min, then dry at 80°C until the ethanol is completely volatilized, and grind it into powder and pass through 1200 mesh Sieve to get.
应当理解的是,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换,而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610301334.1ACN105969827A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | A method for removing the fishy smell of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610301334.1ACN105969827A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | A method for removing the fishy smell of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate |
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| CN201610301334.1APendingCN105969827A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | A method for removing the fishy smell of fish protein enzymatic hydrolyzate |
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| CN103691314A (en)* | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 广州优克日用品有限公司 | Deodorizing composition and application thereof |
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| CN110140779A (en)* | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-20 | 界首市玉兔食用油脂有限公司 | A kind of safe and healthy functional butter defishying method |
| CN116762962A (en)* | 2023-05-09 | 2023-09-19 | 南京珠聚堂科技有限公司 | A polypeptide and applications of the polypeptide and compositions containing the polypeptide |
| CN118787723A (en)* | 2024-09-11 | 2024-10-18 | 云南绿A生物工程有限公司 | Anti-aging composition containing collagen and preparation method thereof |
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