Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that for: provide a kind of support that many attributes transaction in assets such as physical assets is concluded the business, goThe transaction in assets platform of centralization.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of digitized transaction in assets platform, including assets recording device and distributed book keeping operation network, described assets are handed overEasily platform and customer transaction end connect to allow user to carry out transaction in assets；The checking of described assets recording device requires to enter assetsThe assets of transaction platform, it is judged that whether assets close rule, and generate asset item information typing transaction in assets platform when closing rule,Described asset item information includes cryptographic Hash and the type of assets of the digital asset certificate of assets；Described distributed book keeping operation netNetwork includes multiple accounting nodes, the plurality of accounting nodes point-to-point connection, each storage have mutual data syn-chronization, based on districtThe transaction data information general ledger of block chain data base；The mutual of the different types of assets of at least two supported by described transaction in assets platformTransaction.
Preferably, asset item information is stored in block chain to confirm the digital asset of these assets by described transaction in assets platformThe existence time of the cryptographic Hash of certificate.
Preferably, for there are the assets of legal regulator or issuer, assets recording device is by confirming numeralAssets certificate whether through legal regulator or the certification of issuer, corresponding certification its whether close rule.
Preferably, described distributed book keeping operation network uses agency to dig ore deposit mechanism, rights and interests prove mechanism or acts on behalf of rights and interests cardBright mechanism, selects to generate the accounting nodes of new block.
Preferably, described assets include digital cash.
Preferably, the assets in described transaction platform at least include digital cash and system coin, and described digital cash is used forThe assets of purchase-transaction the other side, described system coin is when payment transaction, the transaction fee paid to transaction in assets platform.
Preferably, described assets include the system coin issued by transaction in assets platform, and described system coin is used for when transaction,Transaction fee is paid to transaction in assets platform.
Preferably, described assets also include token, and when transaction, the side that concludes the business uses described token exchange transaction the opposing partyAssets, described token grappling franc.
Preferably, described assets be divided into can point assets and inseparable assets, described point of assets can be overlapped mutually merging,Described inseparable assets can not merge in superposition；The each type of each assets of inseparable assets individually take an asset addresses.
Preferably, when user account receives new inseparable assets, accounting nodes checks such in user accountWhether the address of type assets having assets, if not having, assets being registered in described address；If existing, generate a new groundLocation, and assets are registered in described new address.
Preferably, also include whether monitoring equipment of concluding the business, the checking transaction of described transaction monitoring equipment close rule.
Preferably, after the transaction has been completed, the transaction data in monitoring block chain data base is also for described transaction monitoring equipmentJudge whether it closes rule.
Preferably, before described transaction monitoring equipment is in transaction record to block chain data base, whether checking transaction closesRule, if off-specification terminates transaction.
Preferably, described transaction in assets platform includes intelligence contract-defined interface, to access the customization transaction conjunction of external systemAbout rule.
Preferably, described transaction data information includes multi-signature, and if only if the predefined signature strip of trading rulesWhen part meets, conclude the business successfully.
Preferably, described transaction data information includes the cryptographic Hash of assets, the input/output information of the buyer, buyer's electronicsSignature, the input/output information of the seller, the seller signs electronically；During and if only if the buyer and the seller are provided which electronic signature, conclude the business intoMerit.
Present invention also offers a kind of digitized authentication method of assets, comprise the following steps: obtain the numeral money of assetsProduce certificate；Assets distribution request is submitted to transaction in assets platform；Whether assets recording device checking assets close rule；If closing rule, moneyProducing recording device and generate assets information, described assets information includes the digital asset certificate cryptographic Hash of digital asset certificate；By instituteState assets information to store in block chain data base to obtain the existence proof of these assets.
Preferably, it is thus achieved that the step of the existence proof of assets includes following sub-step: generate the initial transaction of assets, willAsset allocation is to asset owner；Initial transaction data are stored in block chain data base.
Preferably, verify whether assets are closed rule and comprised the following steps: confirm that whether digital asset certificate is through legal supervisionMechanism or the certification of issuer, corresponding certification its whether close rule.
Present invention also offers the Digitalized trading method of a kind of assets, comprise the following steps: receive the friendship of both partiesEasily data message；Transaction data information is sent to distributed book keeping operation network based on block chain technology；Accounting nodes confirms to hand overThe type of easy assets, and judge that the attribute of the type assets is as dividing or inseparable；If Asset Attributes is for dividing, accounting nodesIn the reception address of the assets of the type that assets are registered in the account of asset acceptance side；If Asset Attributes is inseparable,Accounting nodes checks that in the account of asset acceptance side, the address of the type assets is the most occupied, if occupied, generates new moneyAssets are also registered in this new asset addresses by location, the place of production；If unoccupied, assets are registered in former asset addresses.
Preferably, before transaction data information is sent to accounting nodes, further comprising the steps of: to verify that these assets are handed overEasily whether closing rule, if not conforming to rule, terminating transaction.
Preferably, described distributed book keeping operation network digs ore deposit algorithm based on agency, rights and interests prove algorithm or acts on behalf of rights and interests cardBright algorithm determines the accounting nodes of current generation new block.
Preferably, in described transaction, one of them direction transaction in assets platform of transaction pays transaction fee, described transactionExpense is independent of the assets concluded the business.
Preferably, described transaction fee uses the system coin issued by transaction in assets platform to pay.
The invention have the benefit that by using block chain technology and the digitized identity technology of assets, thisBright transaction platform achieves the decentration of multiple assets, fast transaction trusty, it is ensured that the assets of circulation trueProperty, uniqueness and safety, and it can be avoided that illegal transaction is spread unchecked.Coin is paid as transaction fee by arranging single system coinKind, assets will not produce Value Loss in circulation.By assets are divided into can again point assets and can not again point assets and distinguishArranging address rule, all kinds of assets can conflict free transaction and coexisting in user account.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description for the present invention and technology contents, coordinate accompanying drawing to be described as follows, but appended accompanying drawing only provide ginsengExamine and illustrate, being not used for the present invention is any limitation as.
A kind of embodiment of the present invention is introduced referring to Fig. 1.The current ownership that the present embodiment is assets providesRetrospective proof.It makes use of digital signature technology, public, private key encryption technology, Asset Tag system, and checking equipmentObtain the Transaction Information relevant with these assets.In the present embodiment, the transaction of transaction in assets platform all can be recorded, every transactionWill be locked in block chain data base, and transaction data information includes the numeral money using hash algorithm to generate assetsProduce the cryptographic Hash of certificate, by the way of chain transaction, the current transaction of these assets of block chained record and the summary of historical tradingInformation, is eventually led to the transaction the earliest of these assets.
By have employed key mechanism (public/private keys to).The related account of transaction platform can verify all of assetsAdaptability in tactics is more.Briefly, the present embodiment material unsymmetrical key technology, based on cryptographic algorithm, each account hasTwo independent keys, one is PKI, and one is private key, is PKI and private key is mathematically relevant, and PKI is used for addingA close segment information or one digital signature of checking；Private key is used for decryption information and creates digital signature.PKI can not counter push awayTo private key, so PKI can disclose and not worry the safety of assets.But private key must be kept properly, must not reveal.The checking of message processes a segment information with private key exactly, obtains a digital signature, and then, anyone can use PKIVerify whether this signature belongs to subscriber, do not distort.
By have employed file uniqueness identification technology based on hash algorithm, transaction platform is that assets provide existenceProve.The source of assets, verity, uniqueness and safety, Transaction Information, time etc. all have good grounds.Hash algorithmOne electronic data can be converted into a shorter summary, referred to as the cryptographic Hash of this electronic data, appointing of initial dataWhat minor modifications all can cause the change of cryptographic Hash.Cryptographic Hash can only unidirectional produce, that is can calculate from initial dataTo corresponding cryptographic Hash, but backwards calculation cannot obtain original electron data from cryptographic Hash.
Fig. 1 illustrates the system framework figure of an embodiment of the present invention.This system provides a kind of digitized assets to hand overEasily platform.The transaction platform of the present embodiment is capable of the transaction of multiple assets.The assets can concluded the business on transaction platform includeVehicle, house property, staple commodities, equity, ideal money, art work etc..
Such as Fig. 1, system includes assets recording device 3, transaction monitoring equipment 2, distributed book keeping operation network 7, and some friendshipsEasily end 4.Distributed book keeping operation network 5 includes the book keeping operation note point 6 of multiple point-to-point connection.In the present embodiment, accounting nodes 6, moneyProduce recording device 3, transaction monitoring equipment 2 and transaction end 4 to be interconnected by network 1.Certainly, some special scenes of systemUnder, can connect by other means between some node, such as, two transaction ends 4 can be with bluetooth etc. in process of exchangePoint-to-point communication mode connects.
The mutual dealing of the different types of assets of at least two supported by transaction in assets platform.
Multiple accounting nodes 6 constitute distributed point-to-point book keeping operation network.Accounting nodes 6 uses block chain technology to realize friendshipEasy decentration, trusted record.The chain data of composition in short, multiple blocks join end to end by the time sequencing generatedStorehouse is referred to as block chain, and storing in each block has some transaction records, and the summation of block: complete block chain just becomesFor total account book of All Activity in transaction system.Along with transaction constantly occurs, certain accounting nodes can include be newly generatedThe transaction occurred after individual block, generates new block, is linked to the top of block chain, can wrap in each new block meanwhileInclude the cryptographic Hash of a block, thus ensure can not distorting of historical trading data, because once distorting any one blockIn any data, follow-up all blocks are required for recalculating cryptographic Hash.Generate new at this specific accounting nodes 6After block, new block broadcast being broadcasted to the whole network, new block is synchronized to the district of self storage by other each accounting nodes 6In block chain, thus realize each accounting nodes 6 in distributed book keeping operation network 7 and each store a complete block chain dataStorehouse, the namely general ledger of All Activity data.
In bit coin system, due to block capacity and the restriction going out block speed, trading processing finite rate, per second being only capable of is locatedManage 7 transaction.In the present embodiment, improved by raising and block speed and monolithic capacity, improve at the transaction of transaction systemReason ability, it is possible to reach more than thousand transaction of process per second.
Existing block chain data base, typically such as bit coin system, uses proof of work (POW) mechanism to determineWhich accounting nodes to generate up-to-date block by, and the accounting nodes generating block is awarded.Which results in greatlyCalculation power waste.In order to avoid the drawback of proof of work mechanism, in the present embodiment, system uses agency to dig ore deposit mechanism, it is to avoidEnergy that the competition of immoderate calculation power brings and the wasting of resources.In other alternative-embodiments, system can also use powerBenefit proves mechanism (POS), acts on behalf of rights and interests and proves that mechanism (DPOS) etc. is used as the mechanism of the selected node generating new block.
Assets recording device 3 first enters into assets its information of typing of transaction in assets platform for checking, it is ensured that assetsVerity, uniqueness and safety.The checking of assets recording device requires to enter the assets of transaction in assets platform, it is judged that assets areNo conjunction is advised, and generates asset item information typing transaction in assets platform when closing rule, and described asset item information includes assetsThe cryptographic Hash of digital asset certificate and the type of assets.
According to the attribute of assets itself, project and the flow process of inspection there are differences.
According to assets separability in transaction, assets can be divided into can divide (fungible) assets and inseparable (non-Fungible) assets.Can point assets can cutting be some parts in transaction in assets platform, each part can individually be concluded the business；And notCan point assets can only be traded with entirety.Point assets can include stock, the famous and precious art work, as a width be worth 100,000,000 yuan picture,Etc., inseparable assets include automobile, house property, sole product, a common calligraphy and painting such as width be worth thousands of units picture, etc..According toThe legal status of assets, assets can be divided into be needed statutory body's monitoring or permits it to produce and the legal asset of circulation, withBut and perhaps it produces and the ordinary assets of circulation to need not statutory body's monitoring.Legal asset includes house property etc., ordinary assetsSuch as calligraphy and painting, ideal money etc..According to the form that is physically present of assets, assets can be divided into physical assets and financial asset.In kindAssets include house property, staple commodities, art work etc.；Financial asset includes equity, ideal money etc..
Enter the first step of transaction in assets platform as assets, first assets recording device 3 is the digital asset of these assetsCertificate provides existence proof (POE).In existence proof, assets recording device 3 uses aforesaid hash algorithm to numeralAssets certificate processes, and obtains the cryptographic Hash of digital asset certificate.Any amendment to original all will make new fileCryptographic Hash changes, thus this cryptographic Hash can prove that verity and the uniqueness of this e-file.Meanwhile, in order to prove this electricityThe existence time of subfile, i.e. having existed at certain this e-file of specific time, assets recording device 3 also will moneyProduce relevant information and this cryptographic Hash is stored in block chain data base, owing to block chain builds block sequentially in time, andHistorical data can not be distorted, and therefore, the cryptographic Hash of e-file is stored in the particular block of block chain, the most provable at the latest at thisThe time that block generates, this e-file has existed, if re-recording assets relevant information and cryptographic Hash uploads to systemTime, then the existence time of e-file can be more accurate.
In the present embodiment, the existence proof file of assets, i.e. assets relevant information and the Hash of digital asset certificateValue is with a transaction form typing block chain.I.e. generate one by asset allocation to its possessory original transaction, transaction is believedBreath is stored in block chain, has just had in certain particular moment in such block chain, and it is specific that certain assets true, unique belongs to certainPossessory record, and this record is difficult to be tampered.
In the present embodiment, transaction in assets platform self is built accounting nodes and generates block chain, records transaction data.At itIn his optional embodiment, transaction platform can not also have a block chain, but by transaction data record at publicly-owned block chain orIn person alliance block chain.Publicly-owned block chain refers to that bit coin block chain etc. is open in the face of the whole network, all accounting nodes of setting up per capita,Generate the block chain of new block right.Alliance's block chain refers to the block chain of the Alliance Establishment that several body constitutes jointly, and only has connectionThe member of alliance has the right set up accounting nodes and generate new block.The block chain that the most some money pools are set up.
In the present embodiment, for the aforementioned legal asset needing official's certification, assets recording device verifies these assetsWhether digital asset certificate is that official issues and is up-to-date.I.e. for there is the money of legal regulator or issuerProduce, assets recording device by confirm digital asset certificate whether through legal regulator or the certification of issuer, accordinglyCheck whether it closes rule.
The mode checked can have multiple, such as, verifies that whether this digital asset certificate is with official by cryptography modeThe electronic signature of side；Or, it is connected to the equipment of official after receiving digital asset certificate, inquires about information and the ownership of these assetsThe most consistent with digital asset certificate；Or, transaction in assets platform only receives the digital asset certificate that official directly transmits, etc.Deng.
Transaction monitoring equipment 2 in Fig. 1 introduced below.Transaction monitoring equipment 2 is used for verifying whether transaction closes rule.In oneIn embodiment, transaction monitoring equipment 2 uses Validation Mode in advance, i.e. checking transaction before transaction completes, and closes rule if concluding the business,By the way of by transaction data record to block chain, then confirm transaction, if transaction does not conforms to rule, do not record and confirm transaction.PressAccording to different rule designs, unidentified transaction is revoked in a different manner, such as, can immediately Cancel Transaction, by assetsReturn the former owner；Or remind both parties to revise transaction voluntarily so that it is close rule or Cancel Transaction etc..Implement at another kindIn example, transaction monitoring equipment uses the Validation Mode afterwards, i.e. both parties can free transaction, it is not necessary to third party confirms to rememberRecord is in block chain, but transaction data can be monitored by transaction monitoring equipment 2 and check.
Such as, the present embodiment can arrange the supervision interface connecting external administration mechanism on transaction platform, it is possible to outside accessPortion's supervisory process, thus effectively prevent some illegal transaction, such as money laundering.
By aforesaid supervision interface, the interested regulatory authorities of transaction in assets platform can monitor block chain data base in real timeIn transaction and assets information therein, the most i.e. cryptographic Hash of digital asset certificate, so, it becomes possible to know the flowing of assetsSituation, further according to default early-warning conditions, it becomes possible to immediately send alarm when some abnormal conditions occurs.Supervision department also may be usedCertain class or the right alteration situation of certain assets, or the asset transition feelings of certain unique individual or tissue are monitored with fixed pointCondition.Such as, if needing to obtain certain individual event assets, such as the current ownership of a house property, then, first inquiry obtains this moneyThe cryptographic Hash produced；All Activity in traversal block chain, searches and obtains comprising the last sale of this cryptographic Hash subsequently, then from transactionData check in the reception address of transaction, further according to receiving address, finds the current owners of assets.
It may be noted that in certain embodiments, transaction monitoring equipment 2 hardware need not be separately provided, note can be sharedAccount node 7 or the hardware of assets recording device 2, such as, whether accounting nodes 6, before confirming transaction, first confirms that transactionClose rule.
Transaction end 4 in Fig. 1 introduced below.Transaction end 4 can show the assets information of user account, inquires mid-salesAssets and the market quotation, be traded selling or buy in assets, the keeping PKI of user, private key, user account address etc..Hand overEasily end can be PC, intelligent movable equipment, special transaction terminal etc..Typically, user uses transaction end to check assetsInformation and quotation, if determining to buy, then operation transaction end initiates transaction, and transaction request is sent to the transaction of asset ownerEnd, after asset owner agrees to transaction by transaction end, transaction occurs, and transaction data is sent to monitoring equipment 2 of concluding the business, transactionAfter monitoring equipment 2 is verified, transaction data is sent to book keeping operation note point 6, newly generated block include, recorded block chainIn, conclude the business thus official confirmation.It may be noted that in order to ensure transaction data can not tamper, in some block chain schemeIn, need transaction data storage particular block after several blocks of regeneration, i.e. particular block have certain depth itAfter, counterparty is considered official confirmation.Typically, the block chain that bit coin system is used typically requires 6 confirmations, i.e. concludes the businessAfter generating again 6 blocks after the block that data are stored, transaction is considered safe enough, can not distort and cancel.
With reference to Fig. 2, below as a example by an automobile, introduce assets certification and enter the flow process of transaction platform (hereinafter referred to asAssets identifying procedure).In this flow process, the cryptographic Hash of the digital asset certificate of assets recorded in block chain, thus completes to deposit(POE) is proved in property.
Such as figure, this flow process is divided into three phases, and one, registered assetss, i.e. initiate special assets typing to transaction platformRequest；Two, typing assets information, will the Data Enter transaction platform of assets, thus in transaction platform, set up this asset columnMesh；Three, it is stored in block chain, i.e. obtains the existence proof of assets by assets information is stored in block chain.
In first stage, such as step A001, assets identifying procedure starts.
Step A002, asset owner obtains the digital asset certificate of assets.
As a example by automobile, asset owner needs to apply for this digital asset certificate to vehicle administration office.Examination & verification assets institute of vehicle administration officeThe identity of the person of having and information of vehicles, after vehicle ownership is all correct, send this digital asset certificate.Different assets,The publisher of digital asset certificate is the most different, such as particular commodity such as mobile phone, artifacts, electric tool, robot etc.The publisher of digital asset certificate is manufacturer.The publisher of the digital asset certificate of local speciality is local employer's organization's groupKnit etc..Digital asset certificate comprises the essential information of assets, such as assets title, and attribute, serial number, the place of production, quantity, size,Manufacturer's information etc., changes according to the difference of assets itself.Digital asset certificate may also include publisher based on passwordFor any needs, the electronic signature learned, verifies that this asset search side confirms its verity, source etc..
As a example by gold, asset owner needs in kind or reliable for gold voucher is mortgaged on what transaction platform was approvedTissue, to exchange the digital asset certificate of a great deal of gold that this tissue provides for.The digital asset certificate of the arts work such as calligraphy and paintingGeneration process be similar to, repeat no more.
Step A003, asset owner submits assets distribution request to assets recording device 3.
If asset owner has the account of assets recording device 3 originally, then with account name to assets recording device3 submit a assets distribution request to.If asset owner does not has transaction in assets platform account, for first on transaction in assets platformTransaction, then need first to register an account, then submits assets distribution request to.According to various countries area laws and regulations, withAnd Asset Attributes, account is probably real name, it is also possible to anonymous.Generating account simultaneously, asset owner presses oneselfMode selects a private key, and generates corresponding PKI and account address.
Such as step A004, assets recording device 3 asks assets information to asset owner, concrete, assets recording device 3An electrical form is sent to asset owner, including the various information set up needed for asset item, such as assets title,Type, attribute etc., according to type, the difference of attribute, electrical form can generate different treats entry item.Such as, the money of automobileProduct information is in addition to digital asset certificate, it is also possible to include automobile brand, model, discharge capacity, Vehicle Identify Number, Motor Number, manufactureFactory etc..The assets informations such as stock are also possible that stock quantity, last transaction concluded price etc..
In this step, assets recording device 3 may also require that asset owner uploads assets related accessories, such as digital assetCertificate, assets or the photo etc. of assets documentary evidence.
Subsequently entering second stage, such as step A105, asset owner submits to the assets required by assets recording device to believeBreath.
Step A106, whether assets recording device 3 certification assets close rule.
In different scenes, assets recording device 3 self may i.e. have the ability of certification assets.Be likely to need byAssets information is sent to third party and verifies.
As a example by automobile, in a kind of embodiment, the digital asset certificate of automobile is sent to the 3rd by assets recording device 3The checking device authentication of side, namely vehicle administration office.After vehicle administration office receives assets checking request and digital asset certificate, pass throughSelf flow process confirms assets and the verity of ownership thereof, and then the result returns to assets recording device 3.Real at another kindExecuting in example, assets recording device 3 is verified voluntarily.Assets recording device 3 has the house property verification public key that vehicle administration office provides, and house propertyDigital asset certificate signed by housing bureau.So, assets recording device 3 need to use whether public key verifications electronic signature belongs toReal, i.e. can confirm that information of vehicles is the truest.
Such as step A007, if the result is no, asset owner cannot prove the verity of assets or the true of ownershipReality, then assets recording device 1 rejects assets distribution request.
Such as step A008, if the result is yes, then assets recording device 1 generates corresponding asset column on transaction platformMesh.
Subsequently, flow process enters the phase III, issues this asset item, so that asset item is stored in block in transaction platformChain.In this flow process, so-called issuing asset, it is transaction platform by the way of generating an initial transaction for assets, will moneyProduce inject in transaction platform, distribute to assets everyone and complete the existence proof (POE) of assets.
For issuing asset, assets recording device 3 generates the asset item of standard.Assets recording device 3 is asset allocationAsset ID, Asset Attributes, assets digital asset certificate cryptographic Hash, assets everyone, assets description etc..Assets recording device 1It is asset allocation Asset Attributes according to the type of assets, such as, can point assets or assets can not be divided again again.Attribute can also is that classificationStructure, such as, can divide reallocation secondary attributes under assets, such as stock, fund, currency, the art work etc. again.Attribute also may be usedTo be label construction, it is a multiple orthogonal attribute of asset allocation, such as, can divide assets, high value assets, reality againGoods and materials product etc..
Such as step A009, assets recording device 3 generates the initial transaction of assets, and assets are sent to the ground of asset ownerLocation.And comprise in transaction data one by asset owner PKI generate, only can be by the private key solution of asset ownerThe locking script of lock.After transaction generates, it is sent to monitoring equipment of concluding the business.
Such as step S010, transaction monitoring equipment 2 checking transaction.Whether transaction monitoring equipment 2 checking transaction closes rule.But at thisIn flow process, due to assets, this had carried out checking in step A006, did not generally have the situation that checking is not passed through.
Such as step A011, after being verified, transaction is broadcast in network.
Such as step A012, after each accounting nodes 6 receives this transaction.The current time book keeping operation that has of transaction in assets platform is weighedThe accounting nodes of limit, checkout transaction data, confirm that form is errorless and has been verified and passes through, then by transaction record to block chainNewly-generated block in.And by block to the whole network broadcast, after other nodes receive broadcast, more new block chain to and this accounting nodesUnanimously.
Such as step A013, assets identifying procedure terminates.Assets enter transaction platform and are assigned to the account of asset ownerIn family, and by the form of transaction, the cryptographic Hash of digital asset certificate be recorded the block chain of particular moment, thus completeThe existence proof of assets.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 to Fig. 6, introduce the assets by certification, the transaction flow in transaction platform.
This flow process includes three phases.One, requests transaction, the both parties i.e. concluded the business are traded purpose and link up；Two, enterRow transaction, i.e. the respective assets of both parties carry out two-way exchange；Three, confirming transaction, i.e. transaction platform is by by number of dealsTransaction is confirmed according to the mode being stored in block chain.
In first stage, such as step A100, transaction starts.
Such as step A101, seller transaction end publishing assets sells information.Asset sales information include asset item information, onSecondary transaction id, price, the electronic signature etc. of the seller.The seller directly can be sent to specific main body by point-to-point modeSale information；This sale information can also be broadcasted in network.
Such as step A102, buyer transaction end receives asset sales information.
If the potential buyer has purchase intention, then such as step A103, checking assets are the most commercially available.Concrete, in step a103In, the verity of buy-side client end checking asset sales information.Including by seller public key verifications seller electronic signature it is whetherVery, according to last transaction ID, inquiring about whether these assets exist and pass through checking in block chain, the up-to-date ownership state of assets isNo belong to seller etc..It is enough that buy-side client end can also verify self account balance.
If checking is not passed through, proceeding to step A104, transaction terminates.
Such as step A105, if the verification passes, and the buyer determines to buy, then buyer transaction end sends to seller transaction end and hands overEasily request.Transaction request comprises the asset item information of the assets wishing purchase, buyer account address etc..Before Lei Si, the buyerTransaction end 4 point-to-point can send transaction request to seller transaction end 4, it is also possible to seller transaction in the way of Web broadcastEnd 4 sends transaction request.
In one embodiment, in transaction request, the buyer can propose new quotation or other requirements, if the sellerAgree to, then by transaction request, disagree, reject transaction request.
If the seller has passed through transaction request, transaction is formal to be generated.With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, transaction data includes buyer transactionData 21 and seller transaction data 22, and transaction id etc..Buyer transaction data 21 includes the input and output of the buyer, seller transactionData include the output output etc. of the seller.
In the present embodiment, having the token of grappling franc value of money to circulate in transaction in assets platform, the buyer can purchase with tokenBuy assets.Certainly, in other examples, the buyer can also be with other tokens, the ideal money such as such as bit coin, numeral goodsAssets bought by coin, it is also possible to buy the assets of the seller with the other assets of oneself.
Meanwhile, transaction in assets platform collects transaction fee to transaction.Transaction fee is collected with system coin form.System coin belongs to emptyIntend currency, by transaction platform by certain rule distribution.Certainly, in certain embodiments, system coin can also provide with otherProduce or token is exchanged.The existence of transaction fee is to provide for tieing up the expense needed for the sustainable operation that assets hold transaction platformWith, transaction can also be allowed to have certain cost, it is to avoid insignificant a large amount of transaction, and preventing malice aggressive behavior simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, transaction fee is collected according to the byte number of transaction data amount, and such as every kilobytes collect 0.1System coin.In other alternate embodiments, transaction fee can also be collected, such as according to transaction according to the target volume of transactionThe one thousandth of volume is collected etc..Transaction fee can also have other to collect rule, repeats no more.
In the present embodiment, the both sides of transaction, i.e. buyer and seller pay transaction fee to transaction in assets platform.But at itIn his alternate embodiment, it is possible to only buyer or only seller pays transaction fee, or is consulted to hand over by buyer and sellerEasily take pays mode.
In the present embodiment, such as Fig. 3, the input of buyer includes the first input and the second input, and the first input is for being used for purchasingBuying the token of assets for sale, the second input is the system coin for paying transaction fee；First input and second input both be fromThe account of buyer.The output of buyer includes the first output and the second output.The first account address exporting seller, secondOutput output receives address to the transaction fee of transaction platform.Same, buyer also submit in transaction data one by oneselfThe electronic signature that private key generates, transfers to represent buyer to authorize above-mentioned input in the address of output.Other related sides canWhether it is true to use the public key verifications electronic signature of buyer.
Such as Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the input of seller includes the 3rd input and the 4th input, and the 3rd input is for be vendedAssets, the 4th input is for for paying the system coin of transaction fee；3rd input and the 4th input both are from the account in seller.The output of seller includes the 3rd output, the account address of output to buyer；And the 4th output, output to the friendship of transaction platformEasily take reception address.Seller also submits an electronic signature generated by the private key of oneself in transaction data to, to represent sellerAuthorize in the address that above-mentioned input is transferred to output.Other related sides can use the public key verifications of seller to sign electronicallyNo is true.
With continued reference to Fig. 5, after entering second stage, such as step A106, after transaction generates, the seller carries out electronics to transactionSignature, to permit assets transfer to the buyer in advance, transfers to transaction in assets platform by transaction fee.
It may be noted that the contract of transaction defines must be after both parties all signs, and transaction just completes, and therefore only hasThe signature of seller, assets not actual transfer.
Such as step A107, same, after transaction generates, transaction is signed electronically by buyer, to permit assets in advanceTransfer to the seller, transaction fee is transferred to transaction in assets platform.It may be noted that step A106 and step A107 not order is wantedAsking, first an arbitrary side signs, or signs simultaneously and be all possible.
Subsequently, in step A108 and step A109, both sides conclude the business the electronic signature of end each self-validation the other side, if anyThe electric signing verification failure of one side, then proceed to step A104 or A110, and transaction terminates.
If both sides conclude the business, the checking of end is all successful, then enter the phase III, such as step A111, buyer transaction end toTransaction monitoring equipment 3 sends Transaction Information.But sent Transaction Information by either one to be all possible.
Subsequently, in step A112, as a example by vehicle, transaction monitoring equipment 2 can be verified whether the buyer has and purchase carfareLattice, purchase carfare lattice and set according to the law & policy of countries and regions.It is the most legal that transaction monitoring equipment can also verify vehicle, exampleSuch as whether pass through annual test, if vehicle etc. is advised in the conjunction for one's respective area.Type according to assets is different, the checking of transaction monitoring equipmentMode is likely to difference, repeats no more.
If transaction monitoring equipment 2 verifies that transaction does not conforms to rule, then flow process proceeds to step A113, terminates transaction, each of transactionInput and output roll back to original state state.
If being verified, rule are closed in transaction monitoring equipment 2 checking transaction, then flow process enters step A114, monitoring equipment 2 of concluding the businessTransaction data information is sent to accounting nodes 6, and transaction is charged to block chain and broadcasts by accounting nodes 6.In the present embodiment, hand overEasily transaction data information is broadcasted by monitoring equipment 2 to whole accounting nodes 6, but the most regular the fixed current specific noteAccount node 6 generates new block and records transaction.
After step A114, such as step A115, transaction formally completes.
Such as Fig. 6, accounting nodes needs to be registered in suitable address the assets bought.Specific accounting nodes 6 receives friendshipEasily after information, by the suitable address in asset allocation to buyer account.In the present embodiment, foregoing, transaction in assets is put downCan conclude the business on platform multiple assets, in user account, every kind of assets have one accordingly for the address stored.For canDivide assets again, owing to many assets can be with superposition, it is possible to every class assets set an address, import in new assetsAfter this address, the quantity of assets is changed to newly import assets and the quantity sum of existing assets.But, for the most subdivisibleAssets, owing to assets are the most stackable, it is therefore desirable to for one single address of each asset allocation, otherwise, new assets importIn the address having old assets, it may occur that data collision, the old and new's assets can only retain one.
In the present embodiment, assets are for dividing or inseparable determined by transaction platform or audit.In a kind of scheme,Transaction platform have one can the front inventory of point assets, Asset Type belongs to this front inventory, then transaction platform is demarcatedFor assets can be divided, otherwise it is demarcated as inseparable assets.Some the most inseparable assets so can be avoided to be defined as by mistakeThe ownership confusion problem that can cause after point assets.Such as, front inventory can include digital cash, staple commodities, stock, fundDeng.In another kind of scheme, the inseparable attribute that divides of assets is applied for by asset owner, and transaction platform is audited.
Therefore, in the flow process of the present embodiment, such as step A301, after startup, flow process enters step A302, accounting nodesAfter 6 receive transaction data information, first detect the attribute of assets, it is judged that it is for point assets still can not can divide assets more again.
If the attribute of assets is can divide, then perform step A306, such assets assets being registered in buyer's accountAddress, such as the address of certain stock, the address etc. of gold.
If the attribute of assets is inseparable, then enters step A303, accounting nodes 6 check the address of such assets of the buyerWhether it is empty.As a example by automobile, check whether the automobile address of buyer's account has assets and exist.
If checking, result is no, does not i.e. have assets in the address of such assets, then enter step A306, just assets registrationThe address of such assets in buyer's account.
If checking, result be yes, i.e. existing assets in the address of such assets, then entrance step A304, generate one newAssets are registered in this address by asset addresses.As a example by vehicle, i.e. generate second vehicle address, the room that will newly buyProduct is registered in this second vehicle address.
Subsequently, such as step A305, after assets successfully login the address of buyer, transaction completes.Accounting nodes is by number of dealsIt is believed that breath stores in up-to-date block, be fixed to block chain and broadcast to the whole network.
In alternative embodiments, the address of above-mentioned assets determines and can be performed by buyer transaction end.
In another embodiment of the invention, in order to improve the mutual trust of both parties further, promote trading volume, transactionPlatform uses multi-signature mechanism, introduces the neutral third party arbitrator as transaction.It is to say, in transaction data informationIncluding multi-signature, during and if only if the predefined signature condition of trading rules meets, conclude the business successfully.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, transaction needs the buyer, the seller and third-party common signature finally to confirm.?When both parties conflict, third party arbitrate to ensure justice of exchange.
In another embodiment of the invention, transaction in assets platform includes intelligence contract-defined interface, to realize intelligence contractFunction.Concrete, transaction in assets platform includes the intelligent contract-defined interface that can connect external system, and platform operation side also carries simultaneouslyFor developing instrument, for the contract rule that outside exploitation is customed.
In another embodiment of the invention, the disposal losing assets is caused in order to avoid user surprisingly loses private keyPower, loses people and can report the loss to give assets for change to official, and such as, losing people provides the thin of up-to-date transaction once to related sideSave, and relevant laws prove, it was demonstrated that he is the holder of assets and private key, then the material that related side provides according to it, examineCore reissues private key after passing through.