CN105932908A - Power supply device for shipborne locating and tracking system - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种船载定位跟踪系统供电装置，属船舶电子应用技术领域。上下壳左右侧壁上都设有耳板、前后侧壁端部都设有两个限位面，上壳底壁上装有带发射单元的电路板；左右两侧的上下耳板间分别压接有金属基板，金属基板自由端装有磁铁一和线圈一，金属基板与其上下两侧所粘接的压电晶片构成压电振子；金属基板宽度大于上下壳内腔宽度、压电晶片宽度小于上下壳内腔宽度；下壳底壁上装有摆杆，摆杆上自下而上依次套有平衡弹簧、磁铁二和限位弹簧，磁铁二与磁铁一同性磁极靠近安装；上下壳底壁上都对称且均布地安装有一组数量相等的线圈二。优势特色：环境适应能力强、有效频带宽、能力密度大；可作为独立部件埋置于船体隐秘处、安全可靠。

The invention relates to a power supply device for a ship-borne positioning and tracking system, which belongs to the technical field of ship electronic applications. Ear plates are provided on the left and right side walls of the upper and lower shells, and two limit surfaces are provided at the ends of the front and rear side walls. The circuit board with the transmitting unit is installed on the bottom wall of the upper shell; the upper and lower ear plates on the left and right sides are respectively crimped. There is a metal substrate, and the free end of the metal substrate is equipped with a magnet 1 and a coil 1. The piezoelectric wafer bonded to the metal substrate and its upper and lower sides constitutes a piezoelectric vibrator; the width of the metal substrate is greater than the width of the cavity of the upper and lower shells, and the width of the piezoelectric wafer is smaller than the upper and lower sides. The width of the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom wall of the lower shell is equipped with a swing rod, and the balance spring, the second magnet and the limit spring are sequentially set on the swing rod from bottom to top, and the second magnet and the magnet are installed close to the same magnetic pole; A group of coils 2 with an equal number are installed symmetrically and uniformly. Advantages and features: strong environmental adaptability, effective frequency bandwidth, and high capacity density; it can be embedded in a hidden place in the hull as an independent component, safe and reliable.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种船载定位跟踪系统供电装置A power supply device for ship-borne positioning and tracking system

技术领域technical field

本发明属于船舶电子应用技术领域，具体涉及一种船载定位跟踪系统供电装置，用于船舶定位跟踪系统供电。The invention belongs to the technical field of marine electronic applications, and in particular relates to a power supply device for a ship-borne positioning and tracking system, which is used for power supply of the ship's positioning and tracking system.

背景技术Background technique

船舶定位跟踪系统在民用船舶上已得到广泛应用，为船舶的航行安全、及时救援、以及失联后的搜寻等提供了有力的保障。然而，现有的定位跟踪系统都是基于发动机供电的，一旦船舶出现事故使发动机及整个电力系统失效时，定位跟踪系统也失去了其应有的功能。此外，现有的定位跟踪系统都是外置的，船舶失事进水时无法正常工作、船舶被不法分子劫持后定位系统也容易被关闭或破坏。因此，为确保船舶定位系统安全可靠地工作，需要开发能量自给的微小电源，以便与定位系统集成且被隐秘安装。The ship positioning and tracking system has been widely used on civil ships, providing a strong guarantee for the ship's navigation safety, timely rescue, and search after losing contact. However, the existing positioning and tracking systems are all based on engine power supply. Once an accident occurs on the ship and the engine and the entire power system fail, the positioning and tracking system will lose its proper function. In addition, the existing positioning and tracking systems are all external, and cannot work normally when the ship is wrecked and flooded, and the positioning system is easily shut down or destroyed after the ship is hijacked by criminals. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the ship positioning system, it is necessary to develop a self-sufficient tiny power supply so that it can be integrated with the positioning system and installed secretly.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有船舶监测系统使用及供电方面存在的一些问题，本发明提出一种船载定位跟踪系统供电装置。本发明采用的实施方案是：上壳左右侧壁上都设有上耳板、前后侧壁的端部都设有两个上限位面，下壳左右侧壁上都设有下耳板、前后侧壁的端部都设有两个下限位面，上下壳内腔左右方向的长度和前后方向的宽度分别相等，上壳底壁上经螺钉安装有带发射单元的电路板；上下耳板经螺钉连接，左右两侧的上下耳板之间分别压接有悬臂梁型金属基板，金属基板自由端的上下两侧分别安装有磁铁一和线圈一，金属基板与其上下两侧所粘接的压电晶片构成压电振子；金属基板宽度大于上下壳内腔宽度、压电晶片宽度小于上下壳内腔宽度；下壳底壁上安装有T型摆杆，摆杆上自下而上依次套有平衡弹簧、磁铁二和限位弹簧，磁铁二与磁铁一同性磁极靠近安装；上下壳底壁上都对称且均布地安装有一组数量相等的线圈二，所述置于上下壳底壁上的线圈二都以摆杆中心线为对称配置中心。Aiming at some problems existing in the use and power supply of the existing ship monitoring system, the present invention proposes a power supply device for a ship-borne positioning and tracking system. The embodiment adopted in the present invention is: the upper shell left and right side walls are provided with upper lugs, the ends of the front and rear side walls are all provided with two upper limit surfaces, the lower shell left and right side walls are all provided with lower ear plates, front and rear The ends of the side walls are provided with two lower limit surfaces, the length of the left and right directions of the inner cavity of the upper and lower shells and the width of the front and rear directions are respectively equal, and the circuit board with the transmitting unit is installed on the bottom wall of the upper shell through screws; the upper and lower ear plates are passed through Screw connection, cantilever beam metal substrates are respectively crimped between the upper and lower ear plates on the left and right sides, magnets 1 and coils 1 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the free end of the metal substrates, and the piezoelectric substrates bonded to the metal substrates and the upper and lower sides The wafer constitutes the piezoelectric vibrator; the width of the metal substrate is greater than the width of the inner cavity of the upper and lower shells, and the width of the piezoelectric wafer is smaller than the width of the inner cavity of the upper and lower shells; a T-shaped swing rod is installed on the bottom wall of the lower shell, and the swing rod is sequentially covered with balance bars from bottom to top. Spring, magnet 2 and limit spring, magnet 2 and the same magnetic pole of the magnet are installed close to each other; a group of coils 2 equal in number are installed symmetrically and evenly on the bottom wall of the upper and lower shells, and the coil 2 placed on the bottom wall of the upper and lower shells All take the center line of the swing rod as the symmetrical configuration center.

非工作时，压电振子自由端的磁铁一和线圈一的重力与磁铁一和二之间的排斥力相等，压电振子不发生弯曲变形；当环境中出现纵向振动时，压电振子在其端部磁铁一和线圈一惯性力的作用下产生弯曲变形，将振动能转换成电能；同时，磁铁二在其自身惯性力的作用下也上下振动；压电振子弯曲变形和磁铁二上下振动改变磁铁一和磁铁二与线圈一和线圈二的位置关系，使线圈一和线圈二切割磁力线并产生电流；其它方向振动时，磁铁二的惯性力迫使摆杆产生弯曲变形，改变磁铁二与磁铁一及相邻线圈一和线圈二间的距离，从而使压电振子弯曲变形发电、线圈一和线圈二切割磁力线发电；所生成的电能经导线传输给电路板，经转换处理后为信号发射单元供电，信号发射单元按所设定的时间间隔将船舶的位置信息发射出去。When not working, the gravity of magnet 1 and coil 1 at the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is equal to the repulsive force between magnets 1 and 2, and the piezoelectric vibrator does not undergo bending deformation; when longitudinal vibration occurs in the environment, the piezoelectric vibrator is at its end. Under the action of the inertial force of magnet 1 and coil 1, the bending deformation is generated, and the vibration energy is converted into electric energy; at the same time, the magnet 2 also vibrates up and down under the action of its own inertial force; the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator and the up and down vibration of magnet 2 change the magnet The positional relationship between magnet 1 and coil 1 and coil 2 makes coil 1 and coil 2 cut the magnetic force lines and generate current; when vibrating in other directions, the inertial force of magnet 2 forces the pendulum to bend and deform, changing magnet 2 and magnet 1 and The distance between the adjacent coil 1 and coil 2, so that the piezoelectric vibrator bends and deforms to generate power, and the coil 1 and coil 2 cut the magnetic force line to generate power; the generated electric energy is transmitted to the circuit board through the wire, and after conversion, it supplies power to the signal transmitting unit. The signal transmitting unit transmits the position information of the ship according to the set time interval.

在上述压电振子弯曲变形发电的过程中，环境振动强度较大时金属基板将贴靠在上限位面或下限位面上，从而确保压电晶片不至因所受应力过大而损毁。本发明中，为提高压电振子的发电能力和可靠性，压电晶片为0.2mm的PZT4、金属基板为铍青铜，金属基板与压电晶片的厚度之比为1～2.5，此时压电振子的发电能力较强、能量比较大；能量比是指各不同厚度比的压电振子一次弯曲变形所产生的电能与其中的最大值之比；对于本发明利用PZT4和铍青铜基板构成的压电振子，上下限位面的合理曲率半径均为其中α＝h_m/h_p为厚度比，h_m和h_p分别为金属基板和压电晶片的厚度。In the process of bending and deforming the piezoelectric vibrator to generate electricity, the metal substrate will be attached to the upper limit surface or the lower limit surface when the environmental vibration intensity is strong, so as to ensure that the piezoelectric chip will not be damaged due to excessive stress. In the present invention, in order to improve the power generation capacity and reliability of the piezoelectric vibrator, the piezoelectric chip is 0.2mm PZT4, the metal substrate is beryllium bronze, and the ratio of the thickness of the metal substrate to the piezoelectric chip is 1 to 2.5. At this time, the piezoelectric The power generation capacity of the vibrator is strong and the energy is relatively large; the energy ratio refers to the ratio of the electric energy generated by one bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator with different thickness ratios to the maximum value; for the piezoelectric vibrator composed of PZT4 and beryllium copper substrate in the present invention For the electric vibrator, the reasonable radius of curvature of the upper and lower limit surfaces is Among them, α=h_m /h_p is the thickness ratio, and h_m and h_p are the thicknesses of the metal substrate and the piezoelectric wafer, respectively.

本发明中，压电振子与其自由端所安装的磁铁一和线圈一构成单自由度纵振系统，磁铁二与平衡弹簧、限位弹簧及摆杆构成任意方向的单自由度振动系统，由于磁铁一和磁铁二间的耦合作用，摆杆沿任何方向弯曲变形时压电振子都产生纵向弯曲振动；磁铁一和磁铁二间的耦合作用使发电装置在纵振方向上成为两自由度系统，故存在两个激励频率使压电振子和磁铁二的振幅出现峰值。In the present invention, the piezoelectric vibrator and the magnet one and coil one installed on its free end constitute a single-degree-of-freedom longitudinal vibration system, and the magnet two, balance spring, limit spring and swing rod constitute a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system in any direction. Due to the coupling between the first magnet and the second magnet, the piezoelectric vibrator will produce longitudinal bending vibration when the pendulum bends in any direction; the coupling between the first magnet and the second magnet makes the power generation device a two-degree-of-freedom system in the longitudinal vibration direction, so There are two excitation frequencies to make the amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator and the second magnet peak.

优势与特色：本发明的供电装置可收集船舶航行时任意方向的颠簸和振动能量，环境适应能力强、有效频带宽；压电与电磁单元同步发电、能力密度大，压电振子可靠性高；可作为独立部件埋置于船体隐秘处，安全可靠。Advantages and features: the power supply device of the present invention can collect the turbulence and vibration energy in any direction when the ship is sailing, and has strong environmental adaptability and effective frequency bandwidth; the piezoelectric and electromagnetic units generate synchronously, with high capacity density and high reliability of the piezoelectric vibrator; It can be embedded in the hidden place of the hull as an independent component, which is safe and reliable.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一个较佳实施例中供电装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power supply device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

图2图1的A-A剖视图；A-A sectional view of Fig. 2 Fig. 1;

图3是本发明一个较佳实施例中下壳的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the lower case in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明一个较佳实施例中压电振子能量比与厚度比关系曲线。Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the energy ratio of the piezoelectric vibrator and the thickness ratio in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

上壳a的左右侧壁上都设有上耳板a1、前后侧壁的端部都设有两个上限位面a2，下壳b的左右侧壁上都设有下耳板b1、前后侧壁的端部都设有两个下限位面b2，上壳a的内腔和下壳b的内腔左右方向的长度和前后方向的宽度分别相等，上壳a的底壁上经螺钉安装有带发射单元S的电路板g；上耳板a1和下耳板b1经螺钉连接，左右两侧的上耳板a1和下耳板b1之间分别压接有悬臂梁型金属基板h1，金属基板h1的自由端的上下两侧分别安装有磁铁一f’和线圈一c’，金属基板h1与其上下两侧所粘接的压电晶片h2构成压电振子h；金属基板h1的宽度大于上壳a和下壳b的内腔宽度、压电晶片h2的宽度小于上壳a和下壳b的内腔宽度；下壳b的底壁上安装有T型摆杆d，摆杆d上自下而上依次套有平衡弹簧e、磁铁二f和限位弹簧e’，磁铁二f与磁铁一f’的同性磁极靠近安装；上壳a和下壳b的底壁上都对称且均布地安装有一组数量相等的线圈二c，所述置于上壳a和下壳b的底壁上的线圈二c都以摆杆d的中心线为对称配置中心。The left and right side walls of the upper shell a are provided with upper ear plates a1, and the ends of the front and rear side walls are provided with two upper limit surfaces a2, and the left and right side walls of the lower shell b are provided with lower ear plates b1, front and rear side walls. The end of the wall is provided with two lower limit surfaces b2, the length of the inner cavity of the upper shell a and the inner cavity of the lower shell b in the left and right direction and the width of the front and rear directions are respectively equal, and the bottom wall of the upper shell a is installed with screws The circuit board g with the transmitting unit S; the upper ear plate a1 and the lower ear plate b1 are connected by screws, and a cantilever beam type metal substrate h1 is respectively crimped between the upper ear plate a1 and the lower ear plate b1 on the left and right sides, and the metal substrate The upper and lower sides of the free end of h1 are respectively equipped with a magnet-f' and a coil-c'. The piezoelectric wafer h2 bonded to the metal substrate h1 and its upper and lower sides constitutes a piezoelectric vibrator h; the width of the metal substrate h1 is larger than that of the upper shell a and the inner cavity width of the lower case b and the width of the piezoelectric wafer h2 are smaller than the inner cavity widths of the upper case a and the lower case b; a T-shaped swing rod d is installed on the bottom wall of the lower case b, and the swing rod d is from bottom to bottom There are balance spring e, magnet 2 f and limit spring e' in sequence on the top, and the same-sex magnetic poles of magnet 2 f and magnet 1 f' are installed close to each other; the bottom walls of the upper shell a and the lower shell b are symmetrically and uniformly installed with a A group of coils 2c with an equal number, the coils 2c placed on the bottom walls of the upper shell a and the lower shell b are symmetrically arranged with the center line of the swing rod d as the center.

非工作时，压电振子h自由端的磁铁一f’和线圈一c’的重力与磁铁一f‘和磁铁二f之间的排斥力相等，压电振子h不发生弯曲变形；当环境中出现纵向振动时，压电振子h在其端部磁铁一f’和线圈一c’惯性力的作用下产生弯曲变形，将振动能转换成电能；同时，磁铁二f在其自身惯性力的作用下也上下振动；压电振子h的弯曲变形和磁铁二f的上下振动改变磁铁一f’和磁铁二f与线圈一c’和线圈二c的位置关系，使线圈一c’和线圈二c切割磁力线并产生电流；其它方向振动时，磁铁二f的惯性力迫使摆杆d产生弯曲变形，改变磁铁二f与磁铁一f’及相邻线圈一c’和线圈二c间的距离，从而使压电振子h弯曲变形发电、线圈一c’和线圈二c切割磁力线发电；所生成的电能经导线传输给电路板g，经转换处理后为信号发射单元S供电，信号发射单元S按所设定的时间间隔将船舶的位置信息发射出去。When not working, the gravity of magnet 1 f' and coil 1 c' at the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator h is equal to the repulsive force between magnet 1 f' and magnet 2 f, and the piezoelectric vibrator h does not bend and deform; when the environment appears During longitudinal vibration, the piezoelectric vibrator h is bent and deformed under the action of the inertial force of the end magnet-f' and the coil-c', and the vibration energy is converted into electrical energy; at the same time, the magnet 2f is under the action of its own inertial force It also vibrates up and down; the bending deformation of piezoelectric vibrator h and the up and down vibration of magnet 2 f change the positional relationship between magnet 1 f' and magnet 2 f and coil 1 c' and coil 2 c, so that coil 1 c' and coil 2 c are cut Magnetic field lines and generate current; when vibrating in other directions, the inertial force of magnet 2f forces the pendulum d to bend and deform, changing the distance between magnet 2f and magnet 1f' and the adjacent coil 1c' and coil 2c, so that The piezoelectric vibrator h bends and deforms to generate power, coil one c' and coil two c cut the magnetic field line to generate power; the generated electric energy is transmitted to the circuit board g through the wire, and after conversion, it supplies power to the signal transmitting unit S, and the signal transmitting unit S is set as The position information of the ship is transmitted at a fixed time interval.

在上述压电振子h弯曲变形发电的过程中，环境振动强度较大时金属基板h1将贴靠在上限位面a2或下限位面b2上，从而确保压电晶片h2不至因所受应力过大而损毁。本发明中，为提高压电振子h的发电能力和可靠性，压电晶片为0.2mm的PZT4、金属基板为铍青铜，金属基板h1与压电晶片h2的厚度之比为1～2.5，此时压电振子h的发电能力较强、能量比较大；能量比是指各不同厚度比的压电振子h一次弯曲变形所产生的电能与其中的最大值之比；对于本发明利用PZT4和铍青铜基板构成的压电振子h，上限位面a2和下限位面b2的合理曲率半径均为其中α＝h_m/h_p为厚度比，h_m和h_p分别为金属基板h1和压电晶片h2的厚度。During the above-mentioned process of bending and deforming the piezoelectric vibrator h to generate electricity, the metal substrate h1 will be attached to the upper limit surface a2 or the lower limit surface b2 when the environmental vibration intensity is relatively high, so as to ensure that the piezoelectric chip h2 will not be overstressed. Large and damaged. In the present invention, in order to improve the power generation capability and reliability of the piezoelectric vibrator h, the piezoelectric wafer is 0.2mm PZT4, the metal substrate is beryllium bronze, and the ratio of the thickness of the metal substrate h1 to the piezoelectric wafer h2 is 1 to 2.5. When the power generation capacity of the piezoelectric vibrator h is relatively strong, the energy ratio is relatively large; the energy ratio refers to the ratio of the electric energy produced by one bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator h with different thickness ratios to the maximum value thereof; for the present invention, the use of PZT4 and beryllium For the piezoelectric vibrator h made of bronze substrate, the reasonable curvature radii of the upper limit surface a2 and the lower limit surface b2 are Where α=h_m /h_p is the thickness ratio, h_m and h_p are the thicknesses of the metal substrate h1 and the piezoelectric wafer h2 respectively.

本发明中，压电振子h与其自由端所安装的磁铁一f’和线圈一c’构成单自由度纵振系统，磁铁二f与平衡弹簧e、限位弹簧e’及摆杆d构成任意方向的单自由度振动系统，由于磁铁一f’和磁铁二f间的耦合作用，摆杆d沿任何方向弯曲变形时压电振子h都产生纵向弯曲振动；磁铁一f’和磁铁二f间的耦合作用使发电装置在纵振方向上成为两自由度系统，故存在两个激励频率使压电振子h和磁铁二f的振幅出现峰值。In the present invention, the piezoelectric vibrator h and the magnet-f' and coil-c' installed at its free end constitute a single-degree-of-freedom longitudinal vibration system, and the magnet-2 f, the balance spring e, the limit spring e' and the swing rod d constitute any Due to the coupling effect between the first magnet f' and the second magnet f, the piezoelectric vibrator h will produce longitudinal bending vibration when the pendulum d bends and deforms in any direction; the first magnet f' and the second magnet f The coupling effect of the generator makes the power generation device a two-degree-of-freedom system in the longitudinal vibration direction, so there are two excitation frequencies to make the amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator h and the magnet 2 f peak.

显然，本发明的供电装置可收集船舶航行时任意方向的颠簸与振动能量，环境适应能力强、有效频带宽；压电与电磁部件同步发电、能力密度大，压电振子可靠性高；可作为独立部件埋置于船体隐秘处，安全可靠。Obviously, the power supply device of the present invention can collect the turbulence and vibration energy in any direction when the ship is sailing, and has strong environmental adaptability and effective frequency bandwidth; the piezoelectric and electromagnetic components generate power synchronously, with high capacity density and high reliability of the piezoelectric vibrator; it can be used as The independent parts are embedded in the secret place of the hull, which is safe and reliable.

Claims (1)

1. a boat-carrying locating and tracking system electric supply installation, it is characterised in that: it is designed with upper ear plate, front and back on the sidewall of upper casing left and rightSide wall ends is designed with two upper limit planes, lower casing left and right sidewall is designed with lower ear plate, front-rear side walls end is designed with twoLower limit plane, the length of upper lower casing inner chamber left and right directions and the width of fore-and-aft direction are the most equal, and upper casing diapire is pacified through screwCircuit board equipped with band transmitter unit；Upper lower ear plate connects through screw, is crimped with outstanding between the upper lower ear plate of the left and right sides respectivelyArm beam type metal basal board, the both sides up and down of metal basal board free end are separately installed with Magnet one and coil one, metal basal board and itsThe piezoelectric chip that both sides are bonding up and down constitutes piezoelectric vibrator；Metal basal board width is more than upper lower casing lumen width, piezoelectric chipWidth is less than upper lower casing lumen width；T-shaped fork is installed on lower casing diapire, fork is cased with equilibrium bomb the most successivelySpring, Magnet two and limit spring, Magnet two and Magnet one like pole are near installing；On upper lower casing diapire all symmetrical and in uniform wayOne group of equal coil of quantity two is installed, described in the coil two that is placed on lower casing diapire all with fork center as balanced configurationCenter；During inoperative, piezoelectric vibrator does not occurs bending and deformation；When ambient vibration intensity is bigger, metal basal board will bear against in the upper limitOn plane or lower limit plane.