技术领域technical field
本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示基板、显示面板及显示装置。The invention belongs to the field of display technology, and in particular relates to a display substrate, a display panel and a display device.
背景技术Background technique
薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(Thin Film Transistor Liquid CrystalDisplay,简称TFT-LCD)具有体积小、功耗低、无辐射等特点，近年来得到了迅速地发展，在当前的平板显示器市场中占据了主导地位。Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) has the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, and no radiation. It has developed rapidly in recent years and occupies a dominant position in the current flat panel display market.
但是由于液晶显示装置采用白光作为背光源，只有白光中的偏振光通过液晶显示装置中的液晶层，并且在通过彩色滤光片时又会损失一部分偏振光，光的利用率低。此外，液晶显示装置还具有视觉范围小、结构复杂、成本高等缺陷。However, since the liquid crystal display device uses white light as the backlight source, only the polarized light in the white light passes through the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal display device, and part of the polarized light will be lost when passing through the color filter, so the utilization rate of light is low. In addition, liquid crystal display devices also have defects such as small visual range, complex structure, and high cost.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题包括，针对现有的显示面板存在的上述的问题，提供一种发光效率高、功耗低的显示基板、显示面板及显示装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention includes, aiming at the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing display panel, to provide a display substrate, a display panel and a display device with high luminous efficiency and low power consumption.
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示基板，划分为多个像素单元，每个所述像素单元包括至少一种颜色的子像素，所述显示基板包括：The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is a display substrate, which is divided into a plurality of pixel units, each of which includes sub-pixels of at least one color, and the display substrate includes:
基底；设置在所述基底上方的固定电极；设置在所述公共电极上方，与每个所述子像素对应的位置处的介质层和位于两相邻所述介质层之间的支撑柱；设置在所述介质层与所述支撑柱所在层上方，与每个所述子像素对应的位置处的可动电极；且各个所述子像素对应的位置处的所述可动电极间隔设置；其中，a substrate; a fixed electrode disposed above the substrate; a dielectric layer disposed above the common electrode at a position corresponding to each of the sub-pixels and a support column between two adjacent dielectric layers; The movable electrodes at positions corresponding to each of the sub-pixels above the dielectric layer and the layer where the support pillars are located; and the movable electrodes at positions corresponding to each of the sub-pixels are arranged at intervals; wherein ,
所述介质层，用于将照射至所述可动电极上的光线反射出与该介质层所述对应的子像素颜色相同的光，且反射出不同颜色光的所述介质层的厚度不同；The medium layer is used to reflect the light irradiated on the movable electrode to light of the same color as the corresponding sub-pixel of the medium layer, and the thickness of the medium layer that reflects light of different colors is different;
所述支撑柱，用于支撑所述可动电极；The support column is used to support the movable electrode;
所述可动电极和所述固定电极，用于在被施加电压后产生电势差，所述可动电极根据所述电势差的大小控制与各自相对应的所述介质层接触面积，调节所述子像素所发射出的光线的多少。The movable electrode and the fixed electrode are used to generate a potential difference after being applied with a voltage, and the movable electrode controls the contact area of the dielectric layer corresponding to each according to the magnitude of the potential difference, and adjusts the sub-pixel How much light is emitted.
优选的是，所述显示基板还包括设置在所述基底上且与所述固定电极绝缘设置的多条栅线和多条数据线；所述栅线和多数据线交叉设置，且在交叉位置处限定出一个所述子像素；其中，每个所述子像素均包括薄膜晶体管；位于同一行的所述子像素中的薄膜晶体管的栅极连接同一条栅线，位于同一列的所述子像素中的薄膜晶体管的源极连接同一条数据线，每个子像素中的薄膜晶体管的漏极连接与各自对应的所述可动电极。Preferably, the display substrate further includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines arranged on the base and insulated from the fixed electrodes; the gate lines and the plurality of data lines are intersected, and at the intersection positions One of the sub-pixels is defined at the place; wherein, each of the sub-pixels includes a thin film transistor; the gates of the thin-film transistors in the sub-pixels in the same row are connected to the same gate line, and the sub-pixels in the same column The sources of the thin film transistors in the pixels are connected to the same data line, and the drains of the thin film transistors in each sub-pixel are connected to the respective movable electrodes.
进一步优选的是，所述显示基板还包括源极驱动器和栅极驱动器；其中，所述源极驱动器与所述数据线连接，用于通过所述数据线为各个所述子像素提供数据电压信号；所述栅极驱动器与所述栅线连接，用于通过所述栅线为各个子像素提供栅极扫描信号。Further preferably, the display substrate further includes a source driver and a gate driver; wherein the source driver is connected to the data line for providing data voltage signals to each of the sub-pixels through the data line ; The gate driver is connected to the gate line, and is used to provide gate scanning signals for each sub-pixel through the gate line.
优选的是，每个所述像素单元包括红色、绿色、蓝色三种颜色的所述子像素。Preferably, each of the pixel units includes the sub-pixels of three colors of red, green and blue.
优选的是，所述可动电极的材料为铝。Preferably, the material of the movable electrode is aluminum.
优选的是，所述固定电极的材料为铝。Preferably, the material of the fixed electrode is aluminum.
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示面板，其包括上述的显示基板。The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is a display panel, which includes the above-mentioned display substrate.
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示装置，其包括上述的显示面板。The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is a display device, which includes the above-mentioned display panel.
本发明具有如下有益效果：The present invention has following beneficial effect:
本发明的显示基板可以直接用于显示，较现有的液晶显示装置而言，无需液晶、偏光片、彩色滤光片和背光源等结构，大大提高了光效率，降低功耗。The display substrate of the present invention can be directly used for display. Compared with the existing liquid crystal display device, it does not need structures such as liquid crystal, polarizer, color filter and backlight source, thus greatly improving light efficiency and reducing power consumption.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为光干涉调制单元的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical interference modulation unit;
图2和3为本发明的实施例1的显示基板的结构图；2 and 3 are structural diagrams of the display substrate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明的实施例1的显示基板的不同灰阶实现的示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of realization of different gray scales of the display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图5本发明的实施例1的显示基板的驱动电路图。FIG. 5 is a driving circuit diagram of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
其中附图标记为：P1、第一平板；P2、第二平板；1、第一铝膜；2、第二铝膜；3、间距固定块；20、基底；21、固定电极；22、支撑柱；23、介质层；24、可动电极；25、栅线；26、数据线；A、子像素。The reference signs are: P1, the first flat plate; P2, the second flat plate; 1, the first aluminum film; 2, the second aluminum film; 3, the distance fixing block; 20, the base; 21, the fixed electrode; 22, the support column; 23, dielectric layer; 24, movable electrode; 25, gate line; 26, data line; A, sub-pixel.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1：Example 1:
如图2和3所示，本实施例提供一种显示基板，划分为多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括至少一种颜色的子像素A；在本实施例中，以每个像素单元包括红色子像素、蓝色子像素、绿色子像素三种颜色的子像素A为例进行说明，但应当理解的是每个像素单元也不局限于包括以上三种不同颜色的子像素A，每个像素单元中还可以包括白色子像素、酒红色子像素等其他颜色的子像素，在此不再一一列举。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this embodiment provides a display substrate, which is divided into a plurality of pixel units, and each pixel unit includes sub-pixels A of at least one color; in this embodiment, each pixel unit includes The sub-pixel A of three colors of red sub-pixel, blue sub-pixel, and green sub-pixel is used as an example for illustration, but it should be understood that each pixel unit is not limited to include sub-pixel A of the above three different colors, each The pixel unit may also include sub-pixels of other colors such as white sub-pixels and wine red sub-pixels, which will not be listed here.
具体的，本实施例中的显示基板包括：基底20；设置在基底20上方的固定电极21；设置在公共电极上方，与每个子像素对应的位置处的介质层23和位于两相邻介质层23之间的支撑柱22；设置在介质层23与支撑柱22所在层上方，与每个子像素A对应的位置处的可动电极24；且各个子像素A对应的位置处的可动电极24间隔设置；其中，介质层23，用于将照射至可动电极24上的光线反射出与该介质层23对应的子像素颜色相同的光，且反射出不同颜色光的介质层23的厚度不同；支撑柱22，用于支撑可动电极24；可动电极24和固定电极21，用于在被施加电压后产生电势差，可动电极24根据电势差的大小控制与各自相对应的介质层23接触面积，调节子像素所发射出的光线的多少。Specifically, the display substrate in this embodiment includes: a substrate 20; a fixed electrode 21 disposed above the substrate 20; a dielectric layer 23 disposed above the common electrode at a position corresponding to each sub-pixel and two adjacent dielectric layers The support column 22 between 23; the movable electrode 24 arranged at the position corresponding to each sub-pixel A above the dielectric layer 23 and the layer where the support column 22 is located; and the movable electrode 24 at the position corresponding to each sub-pixel A set at intervals; wherein, the dielectric layer 23 is used to reflect the light irradiated on the movable electrode 24 to light of the same color as the sub-pixel corresponding to the dielectric layer 23, and the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 that reflects light of different colors is different ; The support column 22 is used to support the movable electrode 24; the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 are used to generate a potential difference after being applied with a voltage, and the movable electrode 24 is controlled to contact with the corresponding dielectric layer 23 according to the size of the potential difference Area, which adjusts the amount of light emitted by the sub-pixel.
由此可以看出，在本实施例的显示基板可以直接用于显示，较现有的液晶显示装置而言，无需液晶、偏光片、彩色滤光片和背光源等结构，大大提高了光效率，降低功耗。It can be seen that the display substrate in this embodiment can be directly used for display. Compared with the existing liquid crystal display device, there is no need for structures such as liquid crystal, polarizer, color filter and backlight source, which greatly improves the light efficiency. , reducing power consumption.
为了更清楚的了解本实施例的显示基板的工作原理，以下对本实施例的显示基板的各个部分的功能进行详细说明。In order to understand the working principle of the display substrate of this embodiment more clearly, the functions of each part of the display substrate of this embodiment will be described in detail below.
首先，对介质层23的功能进行描述。介质层23的厚度决定了与其对应的子像素的颜色。具体的，如图1所示，光干涉调制单元包括：第一平板P1、第二平板P2、第一铝膜1、第二铝膜2、间距固定块3；其中，间距固定块3支撑第一平板P1和第二平板P2，限定出空间间隙H。当光线穿过半透明的第一铝膜1射入空隙之后，会从第二铝膜2反射上来，然后光在第一平板P1和第二平板P2之间无止尽地来回反射，每一次都有些许光线从上方透出。由于光具有干涉现象，这些反射使得其中大部份波长的光彼此抵消，不过当反射光波长与第一铝膜1和第二铝膜2之间的间距正好符合特定的函数关系时，则会产生加强效果。即当光干涉调制单元两平行的反射面间距H为某一确定值时(相当于F-P标准具)，特定波长的光会得到加强并从上方射出，其他波长的光会彼此抵消。因此，标准具的整体功能相当于只会反射一种颜色的镜子，只要改变第一铝膜1和第二铝膜2之间的间距H，就能选择反射光的颜色。按照前述原理，本发明显示基板中的介质层23厚度的大小，则决定了反射光的颜色。First, the function of the dielectric layer 23 will be described. The thickness of the dielectric layer 23 determines the color of the corresponding sub-pixels. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the optical interference modulation unit includes: a first flat plate P1, a second flat plate P2, a first aluminum film 1, a second aluminum film 2, and a fixed spacing block 3; wherein, the fixed spacing block 3 supports the first A space gap H is defined by a flat plate P1 and a second flat plate P2. When the light passes through the translucent first aluminum film 1 and enters the gap, it will be reflected from the second aluminum film 2, and then the light will be endlessly reflected back and forth between the first plate P1 and the second plate P2, each time Some light comes through from above. Due to the interference phenomenon of light, these reflections make most of the wavelengths of light cancel each other out, but when the wavelength of the reflected light and the distance between the first aluminum film 1 and the second aluminum film 2 just meet a specific functional relationship, then produce a reinforcing effect. That is, when the distance H between two parallel reflective surfaces of the optical interference modulation unit is a certain value (equivalent to the F-P etalon), the light of a specific wavelength will be strengthened and emitted from above, and the light of other wavelengths will cancel each other out. Therefore, the overall function of the etalon is equivalent to a mirror that can only reflect one color, as long as the distance H between the first aluminum film 1 and the second aluminum film 2 is changed, the color of the reflected light can be selected. According to the aforementioned principle, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 in the display substrate of the present invention determines the color of the reflected light.
如图2所示，本实施例的显示基板的结构示意图，包括固定电极21、与红色子像素位置对应的可动电极24和介质层23(介质层23的厚度为HR)、与绿色子像素位置对应的可动电极24和介质层23(介质层23的厚度为HG)、与蓝色子像素位置对应的可动电极24和介质层23(介质层23的厚度为HB)。其中，每个子像素的结构相当于一个“标准具”，通过调整子像素的介质层23的厚度，即可选择该“标准具”反射光线的波长。如图3中，红色子像素的固定电极21和可动电极244之间的间距为HR，故外在光线照射到红色子像素这个“标准具”上，红色的光线会加强并反射出，而其他颜色的光则会彼此抵消，绿色子像素和蓝色子像素原理与红色子像素一样，只是可动电极24和固定电极21之间的间距设置不同，也即所设置的介质层23的厚度不同，间距的大小决定“标准具”反射光的波长和颜色。当子像素之间的间距足够大时，子像素反射的光为红外光，当子像素之间的间距足够小时，子像素反射的光为紫外光，而这两种光的波长均超出人眼可识别范围，像素表现为关闭状态，即黑态。例如，红色、绿色、蓝色子像素的可动电极24均处于图2所示的原始状态时，此时可动电极24与固定电极21之间通过支撑柱22支撑，使得可动电极24与固定电极21之间的间距较大，此时红色绿色、蓝色子像素位置处所反射出的光均为红外光，人眼看不到，表现为黑态。如图3所示，红色子像素位置处的可动电极24均处于原始位置处，故其所在的红色子像素表现为黑态，但绿色子像素位置处的可动电极24和蓝色子像素位置处的可动电极24均处于激发位置处，也即在施加电压后与介质层23相接触，它们与固定电极21之间的间距分别为HG和HB，故绿色子像素位置处的可动电极24和蓝色子像素位置处的可动电极24所在的子亚像素分别反射绿光和蓝光，表现为亮态，这个像素单元表现为绿光和蓝光的叠加色，即为青色。As shown in FIG. 2 , the schematic structural diagram of the display substrate of this embodiment includes a fixed electrode 21, a movable electrode 24 corresponding to the position of the red sub-pixel, a dielectric layer 23 (the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 isHR ), and a green sub-pixel. The movable electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 23 corresponding to the pixel position (the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is HG ), the movable electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 23 corresponding to the blue sub-pixel position (the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is HB ). The structure of each sub-pixel is equivalent to an "etalon", and the wavelength of light reflected by the "etalon" can be selected by adjusting the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 of the sub-pixel. As shown in Figure 3, the distance between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 244 of the red sub-pixel is HR , so the external light is irradiated on the "etalon" of the red sub-pixel, and the red light will be strengthened and reflected. The light of other colors will cancel each other out. The principle of the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel is the same as that of the red sub-pixel, except that the distance between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 is different, that is, the distance between the dielectric layer 23 and the fixed electrode 21 is different. The thickness is different, and the size of the spacing determines the wavelength and color of the light reflected by the "etalon". When the distance between the sub-pixels is large enough, the light reflected by the sub-pixels is infrared light, and when the distance between the sub-pixels is small enough, the light reflected by the sub-pixels is ultraviolet light, and the wavelengths of these two kinds of light are beyond the human eye In the identifiable range, the pixel appears to be in the off state, that is, the black state. For example, when the movable electrodes 24 of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels are all in the original state shown in FIG. The distance between the fixed electrodes 21 is relatively large. At this time, the light reflected from the positions of the red, green and blue sub-pixels is all infrared light, which cannot be seen by human eyes and appears as a black state. As shown in Figure 3, the movable electrodes 24 at the positions of the red sub-pixels are all at their original positions, so the red sub-pixels there are shown in a black state, but the movable electrodes 24 at the positions of the green sub-pixels and the blue sub-pixels are in a black state. The movable electrodes 24 at the position are all at the excitation position, that is, they are in contact with the dielectric layer 23 after the voltage is applied, and the distances between them and the fixed electrode 21 are HG and HB respectively, so the green sub-pixel position The movable electrode 24 and the sub-sub-pixel where the movable electrode 24 is located at the position of the blue sub-pixel respectively reflect green light and blue light, showing a bright state, and this pixel unit shows a superimposed color of green light and blue light, that is, cyan.
接下来，对显示基板上各个子像素的灰阶大小是如何实现的进行描述。在本实施例中的显示基板中灰阶的大小取决于可动电极24与其对应的子像素中的介质层23接触面积的大小。其中，显示基板的各个子像素的整体功能相当于只会反射一种颜色的镜子，只要改变固定电极21和可动电极24之间的间距H(也就是介质层23的厚度)，就能选择反射光的颜色，且当该镜子的工作面积越大，其反射的光线越强。如图3所示，当固定电极21和可动电极24之间的间距固定为HR时，该像素会反射红光，当固定电极21和可动电极24之间的电势差U越大时，可动电极24受到的电荷吸引力越强，其发生的弹性形变就越大，可动电极24与固定电极21在固定间距下的与介质层23的接触面积或者说长度L就越大，该子像素的有效工作面积就越大，从而该子像素反射的红光强度就越大，即该子像素亮度越亮，通过改变固定电极21和可动电极24之间的电势差从而形成不同的灰阶亮度，通过红、绿、蓝三原色及其不同的灰阶从而形成不同的颜色。如图4所示，长度L和亮度U之间的关系，他们为线性关系。Next, how to realize the gray scale of each sub-pixel on the display substrate will be described. The size of the gray scale in the display substrate in this embodiment depends on the size of the contact area between the movable electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 23 in the corresponding sub-pixel. Among them, the overall function of each sub-pixel of the display substrate is equivalent to a mirror that can only reflect one color, as long as the distance H between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 (that is, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23) is changed, the color can be selected. The color of the reflected light, and the larger the working area of the mirror, the stronger the reflected light. As shown in Figure 3, when the distance between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 is fixed asHR , the pixel will reflect red light, and when the potential difference U between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 is larger, The stronger the charge attraction force on the movable electrode 24 is, the greater its elastic deformation will be, and the contact area or length L between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 and the dielectric layer 23 at a fixed distance will be larger. The larger the effective working area of the sub-pixel, the greater the intensity of the red light reflected by the sub-pixel, that is, the brighter the brightness of the sub-pixel, and different gray colors can be formed by changing the potential difference between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24. Different colors are formed through the three primary colors of red, green and blue and their different gray scales. As shown in Figure 4, the relationship between the length L and the brightness U is linear.
其中，如图5所示，本实施例的显示基板还包括：设置在基底20上且与固定电极21绝缘设置的多条栅线25和多条数据线26；栅线25和多数据线26交叉设置，且在交叉位置处限定出一个子像素A；其中，每个子像素均包括薄膜晶体管；位于同一行的子像素中的薄膜晶体管的栅极连接同一条栅线25，位于同一列的子像素中的薄膜晶体管的源极连接同一条数据线26，每个子像素A中的薄膜晶体管的漏极连接与各自对应的可动电极24。当然，显示基板还包括源极驱动器和栅极驱动器；其中，源极驱动器与数据线26连接，用于通过数据线26为各个子像素A提供数据电压信号；栅极驱动器与栅线25连接，用于通过栅线25为各个子像素A提供栅极扫描信号。Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5 , the display substrate of this embodiment further includes: a plurality of gate lines 25 and a plurality of data lines 26 arranged on the base 20 and insulated from the fixed electrodes 21; the gate lines 25 and the plurality of data lines 26 Intersecting, and a sub-pixel A is defined at the crossing position; wherein, each sub-pixel includes a thin film transistor; the gates of the thin film transistors in the sub-pixels in the same row are connected to the same gate line 25, and the sub-pixels in the same column The sources of the thin film transistors in the pixel are connected to the same data line 26 , and the drains of the thin film transistors in each sub-pixel A are connected to the respective movable electrodes 24 . Of course, the display substrate also includes a source driver and a gate driver; wherein, the source driver is connected to the data line 26 for providing data voltage signals for each sub-pixel A through the data line 26; the gate driver is connected to the gate line 25, It is used to provide gate scanning signals for each sub-pixel A through the gate lines 25 .
具体的，每个子像素A设有一个薄膜晶体管，薄膜晶体管的栅极接到行扫描线接上，薄膜晶体管的源极接到数据线26上，薄膜晶体管的漏极连接到可动电极24上，可动电极24通过固定支撑块固定左右两端，固定电极21镀在玻璃基底20上，固定电极21上的介质层23不仅保持固定电极21和可动电极24之间的固定间距还可以防止这两者短路。可动电极24和介质层23之间预留有空气间隙，其作用是保持原始状态的黑态。各行栅线25连接到栅极驱动器上，数据线26则连接到源极驱动器上，工作时，每行栅线25依次打开，逐行扫描，当某一行打开时(即该行上所有的薄膜晶体管打开，薄膜晶体管的源极和漏极导通)，源极驱动器输出该行上所有子像素A的电压信号，由于薄膜晶体管开关导通，电压信号通过源极和漏极的导通写入到可动电极24上，这样，可动电极24和固定共通电极之间形成不同的电势差，不同的子像素A的电势差形成不同的灰阶亮度，当该行所有的电信号写入完成，即得到了该行所有子像素A的不同颜色和灰阶。随后，该行薄膜晶体管关闭，下一行薄膜晶体管打开，开始进行下一行信号写入并表现下一行所有子像素A的颜色和灰阶。需要说明的是，当一行薄膜晶体管在打开状态的时间段内，会进行信号的写入，当信号写入完成后，该行薄膜晶体管在随后的相对较长的一段时间内均处于关闭状态，薄膜晶体管的源极和漏极不再导通，而处于关闭状态，在这种状态下，数据线26会对其他行的子像素A进行信号写入，数据线26上的电压信号会不断变化，但由于薄膜晶体管处于关闭状态，数据线26电压信号不会被写入到薄膜晶体管关闭的所有行子像素上。同时，由于可动电极24和固定电极21之间通过介质层23形成交叠面积，他们等效为一个可变电容，电容两极电压具有保持特性，电容越大，其保持特性越强。当子像素A的电压写入完成后，由于电压保持特性，可动电极24和固定电极21之间电势差保持不变，子像素A的灰阶亮度保持不变或非常轻微变化(低于最小灰阶亮度差)。Specifically, each sub-pixel A is provided with a thin film transistor, the gate of the thin film transistor is connected to the row scanning line, the source of the thin film transistor is connected to the data line 26, and the drain of the thin film transistor is connected to the movable electrode 24 , the movable electrode 24 is fixed at the left and right ends by a fixed support block, the fixed electrode 21 is plated on the glass substrate 20, and the dielectric layer 23 on the fixed electrode 21 not only maintains a fixed distance between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 but also prevents These two short circuit. An air gap is reserved between the movable electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 23, and its function is to maintain the original black state. Each row of gate lines 25 is connected to the gate driver, and the data line 26 is then connected to the source driver. During work, each row of gate lines 25 is opened in turn and scanned row by row. The transistor is turned on, the source and drain of the thin film transistor are turned on), the source driver outputs the voltage signal of all sub-pixels A on the row, because the thin film transistor switch is turned on, the voltage signal is written through the conduction of the source and drain to the movable electrode 24, so that different potential differences are formed between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed common electrode, and the potential differences of different sub-pixels A form different grayscale brightness. When all the electrical signals of the row are written, that is The different colors and gray scales of all the sub-pixels A in the row are obtained. Subsequently, the thin film transistors in this row are turned off, and the thin film transistors in the next row are turned on, and the next row of signal writing is started to express the color and gray scale of all sub-pixels A in the next row. It should be noted that when a row of thin film transistors is in the on state, the signal will be written, and when the signal writing is completed, the row of thin film transistors will be in the off state for a relatively long period of time afterwards. The source and drain of the thin film transistor are no longer turned on, but in the off state. In this state, the data line 26 will write signals to sub-pixels A in other rows, and the voltage signal on the data line 26 will constantly change , but because the thin film transistor is in the off state, the voltage signal of the data line 26 will not be written to all the sub-pixels in the row where the thin film transistor is turned off. At the same time, since the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 form an overlapping area through the dielectric layer 23, they are equivalent to a variable capacitor, and the voltage at both poles of the capacitor has a holding characteristic. The larger the capacitance, the stronger the holding characteristic. After the voltage writing of the sub-pixel A is completed, due to the voltage retention characteristic, the potential difference between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 remains unchanged, and the grayscale brightness of the sub-pixel A remains unchanged or changes very slightly (lower than the minimum grayscale step brightness difference).
其中，本实施例中的可动电极24和固定电极21的材料均为铝，当然也可以采用其他具有半反半透性能的材料。Wherein, the materials of the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 in this embodiment are both aluminum, and of course other materials with transflective and semitransparent properties can also be used.
综上所述，在本实施例的显示基板可以直接用于显示，较现有的液晶显示装置而言，无需液晶、偏光片、彩色滤光片和背光源等结构，大大提高了光效率，降低功耗。In summary, the display substrate in this embodiment can be directly used for display. Compared with the existing liquid crystal display device, there is no need for structures such as liquid crystal, polarizer, color filter and backlight source, which greatly improves the light efficiency. Reduce power consumption.
实施例2：Example 2:
本实施例提供一种显示面板和显示装置，其中显示面板包括实施例1中的显示基板。当然本实施例的显示面板还包括与显示基板相对设置且位于可动电极24侧的对盒基板，该对盒基板可以保护可动电极24。This embodiment provides a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel includes the display substrate in Embodiment 1. Of course, the display panel of this embodiment also includes a cell-matching substrate opposite to the display substrate and located at the side of the movable electrode 24 , and the cell-matching substrate can protect the movable electrode 24 .
相应的，本实施例中的显示装置包括上述的显示面板。其中，该显示装置还可以包括前置光源，所述前置光源用于为所述显示面板提供入射光。这样显示装置可以在任何条件下进行显示。Correspondingly, the display device in this embodiment includes the above-mentioned display panel. Wherein, the display device may further include a front light source, and the front light source is used to provide incident light for the display panel. In this way, the display device can display under any conditions.
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。It can be understood that, the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principle of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201610405176.4ACN105911689B (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Display base plate, display panel and display device |
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