A kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule and preparation method thereofTechnical field
The present invention relates to agricultural fertilizer technical field, particularly a kind of functional selenium-rich nutritive of plant sourceGrain and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, China's agricultural environment partial contamination is serious, is mainly reflected in: one is some local chemistryFertilizer application is too much, causes soil acidification serious；Two is excessively using, seriously of some local pesticidePollute agriculture plantation and agricultural product, cause the Practice for Pesticide Residue in Agricultural Products amount in these places to exceed standard.Due toIt is excessively used chemical fertilizer and applying pesticides, causes the decline of the soil compaction in these places, soil fertility, pest and disease damageWildness, agricultural output and quality decline.How to ensure that soil does not hardens, soil fertility does not declines, agricultureIn the case of industry environment is the most contaminated, fully ensures the nutrient needed for crop growth, thus ensure agricultureProduct yield and quality safety, be current Production of manure industry and a difficult problem that environmental protection industry is paid close attention to jointly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of plant homology, have widely parasite killing, killBacterium effect, biological bacteria activity is strong, and fertilizer efficiency is high, use ensuing crop volume increase substantially, can effectively reduce chemistryFertilizer and chemical pesticide usage amount, production cost is relatively low, the plant source of ecological, environmental protective functional selenium-rich battalionSupport granule.
Another technical problem that the invention solves the problems that is to provide one and prepares the functional selenium-rich nutritive of plant sourceThe method of granule.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule, is to be formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight portion:
Described waste/hypo-tobacco leaf is: what tobacco grower produced do not meet, and Nicotiana tabacum L. department class requirement fails to receiveThe Nicotiana tabacum L. purchased, what tobacco leaf rebaking factory was selected does not meets the waste/hypo-tobacco leaf of production requirement；
Described Herba Macleayae Cordatae is: wild or tame a kind of medicinal plants, formal name used at school MacleayaCordata (Willd), English name Plumepoppy, Papaveraceae, for the band of bloodroot Herba Macleayae CordataeRoot herb；
Described molasses are: one of side-product of cane sugar manufacture industry, during sugaring, sugar liquid is concentratedAfter separating out crystal sugar, the sepia thick liquid of residual；
Described microbial bacteria is: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus cereus, actinomyces 5406,One in yeast, two kinds, multiple or whole, the weight proportion between its each strain can be equal portionsVolume, it is possible to for other ratio；
Described middle trace element is: calcium, magnesium, sulfur, ferrum, zinc, boron, manganese, copper, chlorine, molybdenum,One in nickel, two kinds, multiple or whole, the weight proportion between its each element can be equal shares,It is alternatively other ratio.
Described natural polymer nano-carrier shell is: the one in oligochitosan, starch or two kinds.
Its technical scheme one optimized is to be formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight portion:
Its technical scheme two optimized is to be formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight portion:
Its technical scheme three optimized is to be formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight portion:
Simultaneously, it is provided that above-mentioned plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive preparation method of granules is as follows:
First, take sodium selenite and natural polymer nano-carrier shell by weight, sodium selenite is led toOxidization-reduction reacts, and obtains selenium solution, then mix with natural polymer nano-carrier shell, stir after filtrationMix uniformly, by combination reaction, make nanometer selenium and delay controlled release body, standby；
Secondly, microbial bacteria is cultivated respectively, becomes microorganism raw material, standby；
3rd, take waste/hypo-tobacco leaf and Herba Macleayae Cordatae, molasses, microorganism raw material science in proportion by weightCompatibility, carries out fast ripe fermentation in being placed in fermentation tank, the Viability organic functions conditioner that becomes thoroughly decomposed combines, willActivity organic functions conditioner combination is dried, pulverizes, is sieved, and granularity is less than 0.18mm, standby；
4th, take carbamide, potassium sulfate, MAP and middle trace element by weight and crush by proportioningIt is mixed into inorganic nutrients optimization of C/C composites, standby；
5th, take above-mentioned standby nanometer selenium by weight and delay controlled release body, activity organic functions conditionerCombination raw materials and inorganic nutrients optimization of C/C composites raw material, mix homogeneously, organic according to conventional extrusion method granuleFertilizer production method, carries out pelletize, then pack.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule of the present invention, with the waste/hypo-tobacco leaf after becoming thoroughly decomposed, winsDrop back into as carrier, add the molasses after fermentation and microbial bacteria, N, P, K chemical fertilizer nutrient, selenium andMiddle trace element etc., and select can friendly get along nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, spore barBacterium, actinomyces 5406, yeast constitute microorganism species, through the active nutritional that mix homogeneously is madeGranular organic fertilizer, has plant homology, eco-friendly feature.Its product can produce multiple biologyAlkali and CEC, UGF somatomedin, the induction beneficial microbe such as disease-resistant factor, soil activating cytokinesColony, culture fertility, reduce chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide use, alleviate agricultural environment pollution,Improve agricultural product quality and safety, strengthen plant disease-resistant insect pest and drought-resistant ability, suppression crops to a huge sum of moneyThe aspects such as the absorption of harmful substance, purification and rehabilitating soil such as genus and pesticide have preferably effect.ThisBright a kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule, compared with existing organic fertilizer, has following excellentGesture:
One is that plant homology is pollution-free.Present invention employs waste/hypo-tobacco leaf, Herba Macleayae Cordatae, molasses etc. multipleThe raw material of plant homology, nutrition is more beneficial for crops and absorbs, without any environmental pollution.On the marketFertilizer is generally with fowl and animal excrement as raw material, and fowl and animal excrement, in transportation, easily causes secondary dirtyDye.
Two is to have pesticide-germicide function widely.Containing substantial amounts of in the waste/hypo-tobacco leaf that the present invention usesNicotine, nicotine has broad spectrum insecticide effect, to multiple sucking mouth parts class pest strong toxicity, efficiently,And it is good to Environmental compatibility.Containing substantial amounts of Sanguinarine and chelerythrine in Herba Macleayae Cordatae, these are biologicalAlkali has good sterilization and insecticidal function, to various bacteria, fungus, nematicide, demodicid mite class, worms toolThere is obvious killing effect.
Three is that biological bacteria activity is strong, and fertilizer efficiency is high.The functional selenium-rich nutritive of a kind of plant source of the present inventionGrain-by-grain seed selection as leaven, adds nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the solution that can friendly get along with the molasses of plant homology simultaneouslyPhosphorus bacterium, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus cereus, actinomyces 5406, yeast constitute microorganism species so that fertileMaterial biological bacteria activity is strong.The present invention adds inorganic fertilizer and middle trace element, eliminate inorganic fertilizer,Mutual antagonism between middle trace element and microorganism, preferably plays between inorganic fertilizer and microorganismReciprocal, collaborative, the effect of strengthening, make available N, P, K, middle trace element and late the N of effect, P, K,Middle trace element obtains relatively good utilisation in the growth course of crop, reaches the effect that crop yield increases income.Therefore strain height many, active in fertilizer, efficient hardening fertilizer efficiency.
Four is to have health care.Due in this invention product rich in by domestic and international the world of medicine and threpsologyBoundary is respectfully called " kindling material of life ", enjoys " long-lived element ", " anticancer king ", " heart patron saint "The selenium of good reputations such as " natural antidotes ", use agricultural product that this production goes out edible after there is fall bloodSugar, defying age, anti-cancer function, health-care effect is obvious.
Five is effectively to improve soil culture fertility.In Yongzhou City, Hubei Province Dongan County, Lingling District, wideThe ground tests such as western Yulin City Bobai County show, use the plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule of the present inventionAfter, in soil, biological bacteria, the content of organic matter dramatically increase more than 40%, and loosing soil is ventilative not to harden,Water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, and strong stress resistance can persistently supply crops nutrient.Meanwhile, multiple alkaloidUse improving soil physico-chemical property, culture fertility, minimizing chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide, alleviate agricultureIndustry environmental pollution, raising agricultural product quality and safety, the suppression nuisance such as crops heavy metal and pesticidePromoted further in the performances such as the absorption of matter, purification and rehabilitating soil aspect.
Six be increasing crop yield, quality of agricultural product improvement substantially.Through in Yongzhou City, Hubei Province Dongan CountyNicotiana tabacum L., the Folium Camelliae sinensis of Lingling District, Bobai County, Yulin City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous the crops such as Fructus Musae on test, use thisA kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule of invention, crop yield significantly improves, agricultural product productMatter improvement is substantially.After using such as the Nicotiana tabacum L. of Dongan County, Nicotiana tabacum L. thickens, and averagely increases production 25-38%；Zero moundAfter the Folium Camelliae sinensis in district is used, it is many that tender shoots newly sent out by Folium Camelliae sinensis, and young leaves thickens, and averagely increases production 32-45%；GuangxiAfter the Fructus Musae of Yulin City Bobai County is used, the pol in banana improves 5-10%, and mouthfeel becomes moreSweet, more fine and smooth, averagely increase production 30-42%, agricultural product quality and safety level generally reaches pollution-free food and wantsAsk, allow the peasant of local reception test taste the sweet taste of increasing both production and income potentiation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment one:
First, sodium selenite 1 part, 6 parts of natural polymer nano-carrier shell are taken by weight, by AsiaSodium selenate pass through redox reaction, after filtration selenium solution, then with natural polymer nano-carrier shellMix, stir, by combination reaction, make nanometer selenium and delay controlled release body, standby；
Secondly, by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus cereus, actinomyces 5406, yeastCultivate (including Tube propagation and fermentation tank amplification culture) respectively, become microorganism raw material, standby；
3rd, take waste/hypo-tobacco leaf 30 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 30 parts, 20 parts of molasses, microorganism by weight1 part of raw material scientific compatibility in proportion, carries out fast ripe fermentation in being placed in fermentation tank, become thoroughly decomposed into biological organicFunction conditioner combines, and the combination of biology organic functions conditioner is dried, pulverizes, sieved, and granularity is littleIn 0.18mm, standby；
4th, take 4 parts of carbamide (containing N 46.2%), potassium sulfate by weight (containing K2O 58%) 3Part, MAP are (containing N 11%, containing P2O544%) 3 parts, (the present embodiment employing of middle trace elementCalcium, magnesium, sulfur, ferrum, zinc, boron, manganese, copper, chlorine, molybdenum, nickel equal portions) 2 parts broken mixed by proportioningSynthesizing inorganic nutrient optimization of C/C composites, standby；
5th, take above-mentioned standby nanometer selenium by weight and delay controlled release body, biological organic functions conditionerCombination raw materials and inorganic nutrients optimization of C/C composites raw material, mix homogeneously, organic according to conventional extrusion method granuleFertilizer production method, carries out pelletize, then pack.
Crop applying tradition fertilizer withUse the present embodiment 1 plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive particle effect contrast table
Product quality meets National agricultural industry standard " organic fertilizer NY525-2012 ", product simultaneouslyLeading indicator is as follows:
1, organic matter >=45%；
2, total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) >=5%；
3, moisture≤30%；
4, trace element >=2% in ferrum, manganese, zinc, silicon etc.；
5, containing selenium >=1%；
6, acid-base value (pH) 5.5-8.5；
Shelf life of products 36 months.
Embodiment two:
First, take sodium selenite 1.5 parts, 4 parts of natural polymer nano-carrier shell by weight, willSodium selenite pass through redox reaction, after filtration selenium solution, then with natural polymer nano-carrierShell mixes, stirs, and by combination reaction, makes nanometer selenium and delays controlled release body, standby；
Secondly, by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus cereus, actinomyces 5406, yeastCultivate (including Tube propagation and fermentation tank amplification culture) respectively, become microorganism raw material, standby；
3rd, take waste/hypo-tobacco leaf 39 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 35 parts, 15 parts of molasses, microorganism by weight0.5 part of raw material scientific compatibility in proportion, carries out fast ripe fermentation in being placed in fermentation tank, becoming thoroughly decomposed into biology hasMachine function conditioner combines, and the combination of biology organic functions conditioner is dried, pulverizes, sieved, granularityLess than 0.18mm, standby；
4th, take 2 parts of carbamide (containing N 46.2%), potassium chloride by weight (containing K2O 58%) 1Part, white phosphorus are (containing N11%, containing P2O544%) 1 part, middle trace element (the present embodiment use calcium,Magnesium, sulfur, ferrum, zinc, boron equal portions) 1 part be mixed into inorganic nutrients optimization of C/C composites by proportioning is broken, standbyWith；
5th, take above-mentioned standby nanometer selenium by weight and delay controlled release body, biological organic functions conditionerCombination raw materials and inorganic nutrients optimization of C/C composites raw material, mix homogeneously, organic according to conventional extrusion method granuleFertilizer production method, carries out pelletize, then pack.
Crop applying tradition fertilizer withUse the present embodiment 2 plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive particle effect contrast table
Embodiment three:
First, take sodium selenite 0.5 part, 8 parts of natural polymer nano-carrier shell by weight, willSodium selenite pass through redox reaction, after filtration selenium solution, then with natural polymer nano-carrierShell mixes, stirs, and by combination reaction, makes nanometer selenium and delays controlled release body, standby；
Secondly, by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus cereus, actinomyces 5406, yeastCultivate (including Tube propagation and fermentation tank amplification culture) respectively, become microorganism raw material, standby；
3rd, take waste/hypo-tobacco leaf 21 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 25 parts, 25 parts of molasses, microorganism by weight1.5 parts of raw material scientific compatibility in proportion, carry out fast ripe fermentation in being placed in fermentation tank, becoming thoroughly decomposed into biology hasMachine function conditioner combines, and the combination of biology organic functions conditioner is dried, pulverizes, sieved, granularityLess than 0.18mm, standby；
4th, take 6 parts of carbamide (containing N 46.2%), potassium chloride by weight (containing K2O 58%) 5Part, MAP are (containing N 11%, containing P2O544%) 5 parts, (the present embodiment employing of middle trace elementCalcium, magnesium, sulfur, ferrum, zinc, boron, manganese equal portions) 3 parts be mixed into inorganic nutrients optimization by proportioning is brokenFormula, standby；
5th, take above-mentioned standby nanometer selenium by weight and delay controlled release body, biological organic functions conditionerCombination raw materials and inorganic nutrients optimization of C/C composites raw material, mix homogeneously, organic according to conventional extrusion method granuleFertilizer production method, carries out pelletize, then pack.
Crop applying tradition fertilizer withUse the present embodiment 3 plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive particle effect contrast table
A kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule of the present invention, both can be used as Nicotiana tabacum L. fertilizer, it is possible toAs Folium Camelliae sinensis and Fructus Musae fertilizer, also act as flower fertilizer.
The applicable crops of a kind of plant source functional selenium-rich nutritive granule of the present invention, amount of application, useMethod and application effect see table.