技术领域technical field
本发明涉及教学用具，具体的说，是一种可调球面机构绘图仪，属于教学试验用具结构技术领域。The invention relates to a teaching tool, in particular to an adjustable spherical mechanism plotter, which belongs to the technical field of teaching and testing tool structures.
背景技术Background technique
球面机构是指机构中各运动构件上所有点都在同心球面上运动的机构。当球面机构运动时，构件上所有点在一个与球心保持不变距离的球面上运动。球面机构一般用于在科研、教学中，对教师或学生进行研究或实验，起到验证效果。Spherical mechanism refers to the mechanism in which all points on the moving components in the mechanism move on concentric spherical surfaces. When the spherical mechanism moves, all points on the component move on a spherical surface that maintains a constant distance from the center of the sphere. Spherical mechanisms are generally used in scientific research and teaching to conduct research or experiments on teachers or students to achieve a verification effect.
目前，行业中尚不存在这种球面机构。 Currently, no such spherical mechanism exists in the industry.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在提供一种具有结构科学简捷、操作方便、可用于教学仪器、科研设备中的可调球面机构绘图仪。The invention aims to provide an adjustable spherical mechanism plotter with scientific and simple structure and convenient operation, which can be used in teaching instruments and scientific research equipment.
为解决上述问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是： In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种可调球面机构绘图仪，特殊之处在于，包括机架、原动件、从动件和连杆四个活动构件，以及连接于相邻两个活动构件之间的铰接件5；其中，所述原动件和从动件通过铰接件5活动连接于机架的两端，且分别能够在所述机架的两端沿所述铰接件5的轴线作定轴转动；所述连杆的两端分别通过铰接件5与所述原动件和从动件活动连接；所述铰接件5的截面是圆形，四个铰接件5的轴线交汇于球心点；A plotter with an adjustable spherical mechanism, which is special in that it includes four movable components of a frame, a driving part, a follower and a connecting rod, and a hinge 5 connected between two adjacent movable components; wherein , the original moving part and the driven part are movably connected to the two ends of the frame through the hinge 5, and can be fixed-axis rotation along the axis of the hinge 5 at the two ends of the frame respectively; The two ends of the rod are respectively movably connected to the driving member and the driven member through hinges 5; the cross section of the hinges 5 is circular, and the axes of the four hinges 5 meet at the center of the sphere;
所述机架是由第一机架3和第二机架4固连而成；所述原动件由套接在一起的第一原动连架杆7和第二原动连架杆6构成；所述从动件由套接在一起的第一从动连架杆11和第二从动连架杆10构成；所述连杆由套接在一起的第一连杆9和第二连杆8构成。The frame is formed by connecting the first frame 3 and the second frame 4; Composed; the follower is composed of the first driven link rod 11 and the second driven link rod 10 which are nested together; the connecting rod is composed of the first connecting rod 9 and the second Connecting rod 8 constitutes.
所述第一机架3和第二机架4之间为套接固定，所述第二机架4嵌插于所述第一机架3内，所述第一机架3和第二机架4上对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。The first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are socketed and fixed, and the second frame 4 is embedded in the first frame 3, and the first frame 3 and the second frame Pin holes 2 are correspondingly provided on the frame 4 , and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 .
所述第一机架3和第二机架4之间为铰接固定，所述第一机架3和第二机架4接合端铰接在一起并通过紧固螺栓12实现二者之间的固定连接。The first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are hinged and fixed, and the joint ends of the first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are hinged together and the fixing between the two is realized by fastening bolts 12 connect.
所述第一原动连架杆7和第二原动连架杆6之间为套接固定，所述第一原动连架杆7嵌插于所述第二原动连架杆6内，第一原动连架杆7和第二原动连架杆6上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。The first moving link rod 7 and the second moving link rod 6 are socketed and fixed, and the first moving link rod 7 is embedded in the second moving link rod 6 , the first prime mover link rod 7 and the second prime mover link bar 6 are correspondingly provided with pin holes 2 respectively, and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 .
所述第一从动连架杆11和第二从动连架杆10之间为套接固定，所述第一从动连架杆11嵌插于所述第二从动连架杆10内，第一从动连架杆11和第二从动连架杆10上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。The first driven connecting frame rod 11 and the second driven connecting frame rod 10 are socketed and fixed, and the first driven connecting frame rod 11 is embedded in the second driven connecting frame rod 10 , the first driven connecting frame rod 11 and the second driven connecting frame rod 10 are respectively provided with pin holes 2 , and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 .
所述第一连杆9和第二连杆8之间为套接固定，所述第一连杆9嵌插于所述第二连杆8内，第一连杆9和第二连杆8上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。The first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 8 are socketed and fixed, the first connecting rod 9 is embedded in the second connecting rod 8, the first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 8 Pin holes 2 are correspondingly provided on the top, and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 .
所述连杆上加设有连杆附杆，所述连杆附杆通过附杆紧固螺栓13安装于连杆一端的铰接件5外侧或者销钉孔中，所述连杆附杆包括套接固定的第一连杆附杆15和第二连杆附杆14，所述第一连杆附杆15和第二连杆附杆14上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。The connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod attached rod, and the connecting rod attached rod is installed on the outside of the hinge 5 at one end of the connecting rod or in the pin hole through the attached rod fastening bolt 13, and the described connecting rod attached rod includes a socket Fixed first connecting rod attached rod 15 and second connecting rod attached rod 14, said first connecting rod attached rod 15 and second connecting rod attached rod 14 are respectively provided with pin holes 2, which are realized by fastening pin 1 A permanent connection between the two.
本发明的球面机构主要是由机架、原动件、连杆和从动件构成，可以根据需要加装连杆附杆，在整个机构中，机架、原动件、从动件、连杆以及连杆附杆的长度（相当于弧长）是可以根据需要伸缩调节的，在机架上固定一个以铰接件轴线交汇点为球心点的球壳，可以在连杆或者连杆附杆上的任意点加装铅笔等绘图工具，从而使在连杆或连杆附杆 上任意点的轨迹可以在球壳上绘制出来，将此类点的运动轨迹应用在科研、教学中，用于教师科研或学生实验，能够起到实验验证的作用。The spherical mechanism of the present invention is mainly composed of a frame, a driving part, a connecting rod and a driven part, and a connecting rod and an attached rod can be added as required. The length of the rod and the attached rod of the connecting rod (equivalent to the arc length) can be telescopically adjusted according to the needs. A spherical shell with the intersection of the axes of the hinges as the center of the ball is fixed on the frame, and the connecting rod or the attached rod can be fixed on the frame. Add a drawing tool such as a pencil to any point on the rod, so that the trajectory of any point on the connecting rod or the connecting rod can be drawn on the spherical shell, and the motion trajectory of such points can be used in scientific research and teaching. It can play the role of experimental verification for teachers' scientific research or students' experiments.
本发明的一种可调球面机构绘图仪，结构设计简捷合理，操作起来简单方便，只需通过调整两个相邻杆件的位置，加装紧固销钉，便可调整该构件的长度，其中的机架、原动件、从动件、连杆和连杆附杆各自重心调整到球心，可制作自平衡平台。The adjustable spherical mechanism plotter of the present invention has a simple and reasonable structural design, and is simple and convenient to operate. The length of the component can be adjusted only by adjusting the positions of two adjacent rods and installing fastening pins, wherein The respective centers of gravity of the frame, driving parts, driven parts, connecting rods and connecting rods attached to the center of the sphere can be adjusted to make a self-balancing platform.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1：本发明实施例1的一种可调球面机构绘图仪结构示意图；Fig. 1: a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable spherical mechanism plotter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2：本发明实施例2的一种可调球面机构绘图仪结构示意图；Fig. 2: a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable spherical mechanism plotter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图3：本发明实施例3的一种可调球面机构绘图仪结构示意图；Fig. 3: a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable spherical mechanism plotter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
在图中，1、紧固销钉，2、销钉孔，3、第一机架，4、第二机架，5、铰接件，6、第二原动件架杆，7、第一原动件架杆，8、第二连杆，9、第一连杆，10、第二从动连架杆，11、第一从动连架杆，12、紧固螺栓，13、附杆紧固螺栓，14、第二连杆附杆，15、第一连杆附杆。In the figure, 1. Fastening pin, 2. Pin hole, 3. First frame, 4. Second frame, 5. Hinge piece, 6. Second prime mover rod, 7. First prime mover Frame rod, 8, the second connecting rod, 9, the first connecting rod, 10, the second driven connecting rod, 11, the first driven connecting rod, 12, the fastening bolt, 13, the fastening of the attached rod Bolt, 14, the second connecting rod attached rod, 15, the first connecting rod attached rod.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面就附图1-3对本发明一种可调球面机构绘图仪作以下详细说明。Below with regard to accompanying drawing 1-3, a kind of adjustable spherical mechanism plotter of the present invention is described in detail below.
实施例1 Example 1
一种可调球面机构绘图仪，包括一个机架和三个活动构件，三个活动构件分别是原动件、从动件和连杆，所述机架的两端分别通过铰接件5连接有原动件和从动件，所述原动件和从动件分别能够在所述机架的两端沿所述铰接件5的轴线作定轴转动；所述连杆的两端分别通过铰接件5与所述原动件和从动件活动连接；所述铰接件5的截面是圆形，四个铰接件5的轴线交汇于球心点；所述机架是由第一机架3和第二机架4固连而成；所述原动件由套接在一起的第一原动连架杆7和第二原动连架杆6构成；所述从动件由套接在一起的第一从动连架杆11和第二从动连架杆10构成；所述连杆由套接在一起的第一连杆9和第二连杆8构成。所述第一机架3和第二机架4之间为套筒套接固定，相互之间能够滑动，所述第二机架4嵌插于所述第一机架3内，能够伸缩自如，所述第一机架3和第二机架4上对应设有销钉孔2，选择合适的位置，在销钉孔2中插入紧固销钉1，使二者固结为一体，构成机架。在销钉孔2中加入紧固销钉1后，二者便固结为一体。所述第一原动连架杆7和第二原动连架杆6之间为套接固定，所述第一原动连架杆7嵌插于所述第二原动连架杆6内，第一原动连架杆7和第二原动连架杆6上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。所述第一从动连架杆11和第二从动连架杆10之间为套接固定，所述第一从动连架杆11嵌插于所述第二从动连架杆10内，第一从动连架杆11和第二从动连架杆10上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。所述第一连杆9和第二连杆8之间为套接固定，所述第一连杆9嵌插于所述第二连杆8内，第一连杆9和第二连杆8上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。A plotter with an adjustable spherical mechanism, comprising a frame and three movable components, the three movable components are respectively a driving part, a driven part and a connecting rod, and the two ends of the frame are respectively connected by hinges 5 The original moving part and the driven part, the original moving part and the driven part can be fixed axis rotation along the axis of the hinge 5 at both ends of the frame respectively; Part 5 is movably connected with the moving part and the driven part; the section of the hinge part 5 is circular, and the axes of the four hinge parts 5 intersect at the center of the sphere; the frame is composed of the first frame 3 It is fixedly connected with the second frame 4; the moving part is composed of the first moving connecting frame rod 7 and the second moving connecting frame rod 6 which are sleeved together; The first driven connecting frame rod 11 and the second driven connecting frame rod 10 are formed together; the connecting rod is composed of the first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 8 which are sleeved together. The first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are fixed by sleeve sockets, and can slide between each other, and the second frame 4 is embedded in the first frame 3, and can be freely expanded and contracted. , the first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are correspondingly provided with pin holes 2, select a suitable position, and insert fastening pins 1 in the pin holes 2, so that the two are consolidated into one body to form a frame. After adding the fastening pin 1 in the pin hole 2, the two are consolidated into one. The first moving link rod 7 and the second moving link rod 6 are socketed and fixed, and the first moving link rod 7 is embedded in the second moving link rod 6 , the first prime mover link rod 7 and the second prime mover link bar 6 are correspondingly provided with pin holes 2 respectively, and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 . The first driven connecting frame rod 11 and the second driven connecting frame rod 10 are socketed and fixed, and the first driven connecting frame rod 11 is embedded in the second driven connecting frame rod 10 , the first driven connecting frame rod 11 and the second driven connecting frame rod 10 are respectively provided with pin holes 2 , and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 . The first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 8 are socketed and fixed, the first connecting rod 9 is embedded in the second connecting rod 8, the first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 8 Pin holes 2 are correspondingly provided on the top, and the fixed connection between the two is realized by fastening pins 1 .
原动件、从动件和连杆的结构与机架的结构相同，每个件都相当于球面上的大圆弧，运动过程中与球心的距离保持不变，每个件的截面形状是相同的，可采用矩形、圆形或六边形等多种形状。连杆的运动是球面运动，其上点的轨迹是复杂的球面曲线，在机架上固定一球壳，连杆某点加装铅笔等绘图工具，便可在球壳上绘制出该点轨迹。The structure of the original moving part, follower and connecting rod is the same as that of the frame, each part is equivalent to a large arc on the spherical surface, the distance from the center of the sphere remains unchanged during the movement, and the cross-sectional shape of each part are the same and can take a variety of shapes such as rectangle, circle or hexagon. The movement of the connecting rod is a spherical movement, and the trajectory of the upper point is a complex spherical curve. A spherical shell is fixed on the frame, and a drawing tool such as a pencil is added to a certain point of the connecting rod, and the trajectory of the point can be drawn on the spherical shell. .
实施例2Example 2
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that
所述第一机架3和第二机架4之间为铰接固定，二者之间可以相互转动，所述第一机架3和第二机架4接合端铰接在一起并通过紧固螺栓12实现二者之间的固定连接，拧紧紧固螺栓12后，二者便固结为一体，构成机架。The first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are hinged and fixed, and the two can rotate with each other. The joint ends of the first frame 3 and the second frame 4 are hinged together and tightened by fastening bolts. 12 realizes the fixed connection between the two, and after tightening the fastening bolt 12, the two are just consolidated into one to form a frame.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that
所述连杆上加设有连杆附杆，所述连杆附杆通过附杆紧固螺栓13安装于连杆一端的铰接件5外侧或者销钉孔中，所述连杆附杆包括套接固定的第一连杆附杆15和第二连杆附杆14，所述第一连杆附杆15和第二连杆附杆14上分别对应设有销钉孔2，通过紧固销钉1实现二者之间的固定连接。The connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod attached rod, and the connecting rod attached rod is installed on the outside of the hinge 5 at one end of the connecting rod or in the pin hole through the attached rod fastening bolt 13, and the described connecting rod attached rod includes a socket Fixed first connecting rod attached rod 15 and second connecting rod attached rod 14, said first connecting rod attached rod 15 and second connecting rod attached rod 14 are respectively provided with pin holes 2, which are realized by fastening pin 1 A permanent connection between the two.
连杆附杆通过附杆紧固螺栓13固定于连杆某位置，可根据需要调整两者之间的夹角，以研究其运动情况。连杆附杆的运动是球面运动，其上点的轨迹是复杂的球面曲线，在机架上固定一球壳，连杆附杆上某点加装铅笔等绘图工具，便可在球壳上绘制出该点的轨迹。The connecting rod and the attached rod are fixed to a certain position of the connecting rod by the fastening bolt 13 of the attached rod, and the angle between the two can be adjusted as required to study its motion. The movement of the connecting rod and the attached rod is a spherical motion, and the trajectory of the point on it is a complex spherical curve. A spherical shell is fixed on the frame, and a drawing tool such as a pencil is installed on a certain point of the connecting rod and attached rod, and then the spherical shell can be drawn. Plot the locus of the point.
以上实施例的一种可调球面机构绘图仪，主要是由机架、原动件、连杆和从动件构成，可以根据需要加装连杆附杆，在整个机构中，机架、原动件、从动件、连杆以及连杆附杆的长度（相当于弧长）是可以根据需要伸缩调节的，在机架上固定一个以铰接件轴线交汇点为球心点的球壳，可以在连杆或者连杆附杆上的任意点加装铅笔等绘图工具，从而使在连杆或连杆附杆 上任意点的轨迹可以在球壳上绘制出来，将此类点的运动轨迹应用在科研、教学中，用于教师科研或学生实验，能够起到实验验证的作用。A kind of adjustable spherical mechanism plotter of above embodiment mainly is made of frame, driving part, connecting rod and follower, can install connecting rod and attached rod as required, in whole mechanism, frame, original The lengths of the moving parts, driven parts, connecting rods and connecting rods (equivalent to the arc length) can be adjusted according to the needs. A spherical shell with the intersection of the axes of the hinges as the center of the ball is fixed on the frame. Drawing tools such as pencils can be added to any point on the connecting rod or connecting rod, so that the trajectory of any point on the connecting rod or connecting rod can be drawn on the spherical shell, and the movement trajectory of such points Applied in scientific research and teaching, for teachers' scientific research or students' experiments, it can play the role of experimental verification.
本发明结构设计简捷合理，操作起来简单方便，只需通过调整两个相邻杆件的位置，加装紧固销钉，便可调整该构件的长度，其中的机架、原动件、从动件、连杆和连杆附杆各自重心调整到球心，可制作自平衡平台。The structure design of the present invention is simple and reasonable, and the operation is simple and convenient. Only by adjusting the positions of two adjacent rods and installing fastening pins, the length of the member can be adjusted. The center of gravity of parts, connecting rods and connecting rods can be adjusted to the center of the sphere to make a self-balancing platform.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610385233.7ACN105856921B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of Adjustable Spherical mechanism drawing instrument |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610385233.7ACN105856921B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of Adjustable Spherical mechanism drawing instrument |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105856921Atrue CN105856921A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105856921B CN105856921B (en) | 2018-07-10 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610385233.7AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105856921B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of Adjustable Spherical mechanism drawing instrument |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105856921B (en) |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20180710 Termination date:20190603 |