技术领域technical field
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶显示装置及其制作方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, and in particular, to a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
现有的液晶显示装置提供了有三种功能的像素。其中一行像素是可视的画面。另外的分别是亮度补偿像素和防窥像素，亮度补偿和防窥像素的亮度之和要求在裸眼观看时为一定值，这样裸眼观看时，就不能分辨防窥画面，不同功能像素的分别有延迟量为-λ/4(λ为波长)和λ/4的相位延迟片，从而分别实现左右旋的圆偏光，这样利用防窥眼镜来分离出防窥的画面。Existing liquid crystal display devices provide pixels with three functions. One row of pixels is the visible picture. The other is the brightness compensation pixel and the privacy protection pixel. The sum of the brightness of the brightness compensation and the privacy protection pixel is required to be a certain value when viewed with the naked eye, so that the privacy protection screen cannot be distinguished when viewed with the naked eye, and the pixels with different functions are delayed. The phase retarder with the amount of -λ/4 (λ is the wavelength) and λ/4 respectively realizes the left and right circularly polarized light, so that the privacy glasses are used to separate the privacy screen.
现有的液晶显示装置存在以下问题：一是可视画面的黑画面难以实现；二是由于1/3的像素用来补偿，所以，无论是可视画面还是防窥画面的分辨率低，两种画面都不能给人很好的视觉体验。The existing liquid crystal display device has the following problems: firstly, it is difficult to realize the black picture of the visible picture; secondly, since 1/3 of the pixels are used for compensation, the resolution of both the visible picture and the anti-peeping picture is low, and two None of the pictures can give a good visual experience.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种液晶显示装置及其制作方法，以解决现有技术中可视画面分辨率和防窥画面的分辨率低并可视黑画面难以实现的问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the resolution of the visible picture and the anti-peeping picture are low and it is difficult to realize the visible black picture.
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种液晶显示装置，包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板、位于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层，以及设置于所述第一基板上的第一偏光片；所述第一基板包括可视区域和防窥区域；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device, comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed on the the first polarizer on the first substrate; the first substrate includes a visible area and a privacy protection area;
所述液晶显示装置还包括：The liquid crystal display device further includes:
设置于所述第一偏光片和所述第一基板之间的第一四分之一波长相位延迟片；a first quarter-wave retarder arranged between the first polarizer and the first substrate;
设置于所述第二基板上的第二四分之一波长相位延迟片；以及，a second quarter-wave retarder disposed on the second substrate; and,
对应于所述可视区域设置的第二偏光片，设置于所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片上；a second polarizer set corresponding to the visible area, set on the second quarter-wave retarder;
所述第一四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向和所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向相同；The fast axis direction of the first quarter-wave phase retarder is the same as the fast axis direction of the second quarter-wave phase retarder;
由所述第一基板射向所述第二基板的入射光的偏振方向和所述快轴方向之间的角度为45度；The angle between the polarization direction of the incident light emitted from the first substrate to the second substrate and the fast axis direction is 45 degrees;
所述第一偏光片的偏振轴与所述第二偏光片的偏振轴垂直。The polarization axis of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarizer.
实施时，所述第一基板为阵列基板，所述第二基板为彩膜基板。During implementation, the first substrate is an array substrate, and the second substrate is a color filter substrate.
实施时，所述阵列基板上设置有多行多列像素单元；During implementation, the array substrate is provided with multiple rows and multiple columns of pixel units;
所述裸眼可视区域覆盖奇数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖奇数列像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数列像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数列像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数列像素单元。The naked-eye visible area covers odd rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers even rows of pixel units; or, the visible area covers even rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers odd rows of pixel units; The visible area covers odd-column pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers even-column pixel units; or, the visible area covers even-column pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers odd-column pixel units.
实施时，所述阵列基板上包括的各个像素单元的尺寸相同；所述第二偏光片为金属光栅。During implementation, the size of each pixel unit included on the array substrate is the same; the second polarizer is a metal grating.
实施时，所述可视区域对应的像素单元的尺寸大于所述防窥区域对应的像素单元的尺寸。During implementation, the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the visible area is larger than the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the privacy protection area.
实施时，用于可视显示的像素单元的个数大于用于防窥显示的像素单元的个数。During implementation, the number of pixel units used for visual display is greater than the number of pixel units used for privacy display.
实施时，所述阵列基板上设有N+M行像素单元；During implementation, N+M rows of pixel units are arranged on the array substrate;
所述可视区域覆盖N行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖M行像素单元，N大于M；N和M都为正整数；或者，The visible area covers N rows of pixel units, the privacy protection area covers M rows of pixel units, and N is greater than M; both N and M are positive integers; or,
所述阵列基板上设有n+m列像素单元；The array substrate is provided with n+m columns of pixel units;
所述可视区域覆盖n行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖m行像素单元，n大于m；n和m都为正整数。The visible area covers n rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers m rows of pixel units, where n is greater than m; both n and m are positive integers.
本发明还提供了一种液晶显示装置的制作方法，包括：相对设置第一基板和第二基板；在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间设置液晶层；在所述第一基板上设置第一偏光片；所述第一基板包括可视区域和防窥区域；所述液晶显示装置的制作方法还包括：The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: arranging a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; arranging a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; placing a liquid crystal layer on the first substrate A first polarizer is arranged on the top; the first substrate includes a visible area and a privacy protection area; the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device further includes:
在所述第一偏光片和所述第一基板之间设置第一四分之一波长相位延迟片；A first quarter-wave retarder is arranged between the first polarizer and the first substrate;
在所述第二基板上设置第二四分之一波长相位延迟片；disposing a second quarter-wave retarder on the second substrate;
在所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片上对应于所述可视区域设置第二偏光片；A second polarizer is arranged on the second quarter-wave retarder corresponding to the visible area;
所述第一四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向和所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向相同；The fast axis direction of the first quarter-wave phase retarder is the same as the fast axis direction of the second quarter-wave phase retarder;
由所述第一基板射向所述第二基板的入射光的偏振方向和所述快轴方向之间的角度为45度；The angle between the polarization direction of the incident light emitted from the first substrate to the second substrate and the fast axis direction is 45 degrees;
所述第一偏光片的偏振轴与所述第二偏光片的偏振轴垂直。The polarization axis of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarizer.
实施时，所述第一基板为阵列基板，所述第二基板为彩膜基板。During implementation, the first substrate is an array substrate, and the second substrate is a color filter substrate.
实施时，所述阵列基板上设置有多行多列像素单元；During implementation, the array substrate is provided with multiple rows and multiple columns of pixel units;
所述裸眼可视区域覆盖奇数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖奇数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数列像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数列像素单元。The naked-eye visible area covers odd rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers even rows of pixel units; or, the visible area covers even rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers odd rows of pixel units; The visible area covers odd-numbered rows of pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers even-numbered rows of pixel units; or, the visible area covers even-numbered columns of pixel units, and the privacy-proof area covers odd-numbered columns of pixel units.
实施时，所述阵列基板上包括的各个像素单元的尺寸相同；所述第二偏光片为金属光栅。During implementation, the size of each pixel unit included on the array substrate is the same; the second polarizer is a metal grating.
实施时，所述可视区域对应的像素单元的尺寸大于所述防窥区域对应的像素单元的尺寸。During implementation, the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the visible area is larger than the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the privacy protection area.
实施时，用于可视显示的像素单元的个数大于用于防窥显示的像素单元的个数。During implementation, the number of pixel units used for visual display is greater than the number of pixel units used for privacy display.
实施时，所述阵列基板上设有N+M行像素单元；During implementation, N+M rows of pixel units are arranged on the array substrate;
所述可视区域覆盖N行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖M行像素单元，N大于M；N和M都为正整数；或者，The visible area covers N rows of pixel units, the privacy protection area covers M rows of pixel units, and N is greater than M; both N and M are positive integers; or,
所述阵列基板上设有n+m列像素单元；The array substrate is provided with n+m columns of pixel units;
所述可视区域覆盖n行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖m行像素单元，n大于m；n和m都为正整数。The visible area covers n rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers m rows of pixel units, where n is greater than m; both n and m are positive integers.
与现有技术相比，本发明所述的液晶显示装置及其制作方法通过将下偏光片由现有技术中的线偏光片改为圆偏光片，在第二基板上设置第二四分之一波长相位延迟片，在第二四分之一波长相位延迟片上仅在对应于可视区域的部分设置第二偏光片，而在第二基板上对应于防窥区域的部分不设置偏光片，对应于防窥区域一直是亮态，光线能够透过防窥区域，但是如果不戴防窥眼镜的话(该防窥眼镜的透光轴的方向与第一偏光片的透光轴方向需相同)看不到防窥画面，而在可视区域则是正常显示的状态，当对液晶层加电，使得液晶层的延迟量为0时，可视区域的画面即为黑画面，这样可以在实现画面防窥的同时提高可视画面分辨率和防窥画面的分辨率低并实现可视黑画面。Compared with the prior art, the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention change the lower polarizer from the linear polarizer in the prior art to a circular polarizer, and set a second quarter on the second substrate. a wavelength retardation plate, the second polarizer is only provided on the part corresponding to the visible area on the second quarter wavelength phase retarder, and the polarizer is not provided on the part corresponding to the privacy protection area on the second substrate, Corresponding to the privacy protection area is always bright, the light can pass through the privacy protection area, but if you do not wear privacy glasses (the direction of the transmission axis of the privacy glasses should be the same as the transmission axis direction of the first polarizer) You can't see the privacy screen, but it is in the normal display state in the visible area. When the liquid crystal layer is powered on so that the retardation of the liquid crystal layer is 0, the screen in the visible area is a black screen. While the screen is protected from privacy, the resolution of the visible screen is improved and the resolution of the anti-peep screen is low, and the visible black screen is realized.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置在不加电时的光线方向示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the light direction of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention when no power is applied;
图3是本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置在加电时的光线方向示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the direction of light when the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is powered on.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置包括：相对设置的第一基板11和第二基板12、位于所述第一基板11和所述第二基板12之间的液晶层10，以及设置于所述第一基板11上的第一偏光片13；所述第一基板11包括可视区域和防窥区域；As shown in FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 10, and the first polarizer 13 arranged on the first substrate 11; the first substrate 11 includes a visible area and a privacy-proof area;
所述液晶显示装置还包括：The liquid crystal display device further includes:
设置于所述第一偏光片13和所述第一基板11之间的第一四分之一波长相位延迟片14；a first quarter-wave retarder 14 disposed between the first polarizer 13 and the first substrate 11;
设置于所述第二基板12上的第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15；以及，a second quarter-wave retarder 15 disposed on the second substrate 12; and,
对应于所述可视区域设置的第二偏光片16，设置于所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15上；The second polarizer 16 arranged corresponding to the visible area is arranged on the second quarter-wave retarder 15;
所述第一四分之一波长相位延迟片14的快轴方向和所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15的快轴方向相同；The fast axis direction of the first quarter-wave retarder 14 is the same as the fast axis direction of the second quarter-wave retarder 15;
由所述第一基板11射向所述第二基板12入射光的偏振方向和所述快轴方向之间的角度为45度；The angle between the polarization direction of the incident light from the first substrate 11 to the second substrate 12 and the direction of the fast axis is 45 degrees;
所述第一偏光片13的偏振轴与所述第二偏光片16的偏振轴垂直。The polarization axis of the first polarizer 13 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarizer 16 .
本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置通过将下偏光片由现有技术中的线偏光片改为圆偏光片(该圆偏光片即相当于所述第一偏光片13和第一四分之一波长相位延迟片14的组合)，在第二基板上设置第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15，在第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15上仅在对应于可视区域的部分设置第二偏光片16，而在第二基板12上对应于防窥区域的部分不设置偏光片，对应于防窥区域一直是亮态，光线能够透过防窥区域，但是如果不戴防窥眼镜的话(该防窥眼镜的透光轴的方向与第一偏光片的透光轴方向需相同)看不到防窥画面，而在可视区域则是正常显示的状态，当对液晶层加电，使得液晶层的延迟量为0时，可视区域的画面即为黑画面，这样可以在实现画面防窥的同时避免了现有技术中可视画面分辨率和防窥画面的分辨率低并可视黑画面难以实现的问题。In the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the lower polarizer is changed from the linear polarizer in the prior art to a circular polarizer (the circular polarizer is equivalent to the first polarizer 13 and the first quarter of the polarizer). A combination of a wavelength retardation plate 14), a second quarter wavelength retardation plate 15 is arranged on the second substrate, and only a portion corresponding to the visible area is provided on the second quarter wavelength retardation plate 15 The second polarizer 16 is provided, and the polarizer is not provided on the portion of the second substrate 12 corresponding to the privacy protection area. For glasses (the direction of the light transmission axis of the privacy glasses must be the same as the direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer), the privacy screen cannot be seen, but it is in a normal display state in the visible area. When the retardation of the liquid crystal layer is 0, the picture in the visible area is a black picture, which can realize the privacy protection of the picture while avoiding the low resolution of the visible picture and the anti-peeping picture in the prior art. And it is difficult to realize the problem of visual black screen.
在实际操作时，所述第一偏光片的透光轴方向、所述第二偏光片的透光轴方向、所述第一四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向和所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向可以根据实际情况进行调整。In actual operation, the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer, the light transmission axis direction of the second polarizer, the fast axis direction of the first quarter-wave retarder and the second polarizer The fast axis direction of the quarter-wave retarder can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
所述液晶显示装置可以为TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲排列)模式、ADS(AdvancedSuper Dimension Switch,高级超维场转换)模式或VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直取向)模式。The liquid crystal display device may be a TN (Twisted Nematic, twisted arrangement) mode, an ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch, advanced super-dimensional field switching) mode or a VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical alignment) mode.
在具体实施时，如图1所示，在设置有所述第二偏光片16的第二基板上还设置有OC层(平坦层)。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 1 , an OC layer (flat layer) is further provided on the second substrate provided with the second polarizer 16 .
具体的，所述第一基板可以为阵列基板，所述第二基板可以为彩膜基板。Specifically, the first substrate may be an array substrate, and the second substrate may be a color filter substrate.
在一优选的实施例中，所述阵列基板上设置有多行多列像素单元；In a preferred embodiment, the array substrate is provided with multiple rows and multiple columns of pixel units;
所述可视区域覆盖奇数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖奇数列像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数列像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数列像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数列像素单元。The visible area covers odd-numbered rows of pixel units, and the privacy-proof area covers even-numbered rows of pixel units; or, the visible area covers even-numbered rows of pixel units, and the privacy-proof area covers odd-numbered rows of pixel units; or, the The visible area covers odd-column pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers even-column pixel units; or, the visible area covers even-column pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers odd-column pixel units.
在该优选的实施例中，显示的区域和防窥区域的分布可以是奇偶行或奇偶列分布，这样可以使得防窥区域和可视区域对应的像素单元的排布相对来说比较规整，使得防窥画面和可视画面质量比较高。In this preferred embodiment, the distribution of the displayed area and the privacy-preventing area may be an odd-even row or odd-even column distribution, so that the arrangement of the pixel units corresponding to the privacy-preventing area and the visible area can be relatively regular, so that the The quality of the privacy screen and visual screen is relatively high.
具体的，所述阵列基板上包括的各个像素单元的尺寸可以相同；所述第二偏光片为金属光栅；Specifically, the size of each pixel unit included on the array substrate may be the same; the second polarizer is a metal grating;
在具体实施时，彩膜基板一侧对应可视显示的偏光片可以用金属光栅替代，所述金属光栅为刻有大量平行等宽、等距狭缝(刻线)的金属片，因此需对应各个像素单元的尺寸相同。In the specific implementation, the polarizer corresponding to the visible display on the side of the color filter substrate can be replaced by a metal grating. The metal grating is a metal sheet engraved with a large number of parallel equal-width and equal-spaced slits (scribed lines). Therefore, corresponding The size of each pixel unit is the same.
优选的，所述可视区域对应的像素单元的尺寸大于所述防窥区域对应的像素单元的尺寸。Preferably, the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the visible area is larger than the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the privacy protection area.
由于防窥区域一直是亮态，如果其尺寸太大的话将影响可视区域的显示效果，因此在优选情况下将所述可视区域对应的像素单元的尺寸设置为大于所述防窥区域对应的像素单元的尺寸。Since the privacy protection area is always in the bright state, if its size is too large, it will affect the display effect of the visible area. Therefore, in the preferred case, the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the visible area is set to be larger than that of the privacy protection area. The size of the pixel unit.
具体的，用于可视显示的像素单元的个数大于用于防窥显示的像素单元的个数。Specifically, the number of pixel units used for visual display is greater than the number of pixel units used for anti-peep display.
在实际操作时，用于可视显示的像素个数可多于用于防窥显示的像素个数，如两行可视显示一行防窥显示，或两列可视显示一列防窥显示。In actual operation, the number of pixels used for visual display can be more than the number of pixels used for anti-peep display, such as two lines of visual display and one line of anti-peep display, or two columns of visual display and one column of anti-peep display.
在一具体的实施例中，所述阵列基板上设有N+M行像素单元；In a specific embodiment, N+M rows of pixel units are arranged on the array substrate;
所述可视区域覆盖N行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖M行像素单元，N大于M；N和M都为正整数；或者，The visible area covers N rows of pixel units, the privacy protection area covers M rows of pixel units, and N is greater than M; both N and M are positive integers; or,
所述阵列基板上设有n+m列像素单元；The array substrate is provided with n+m columns of pixel units;
所述可视区域覆盖n行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖m行像素单元，n大于m；n和m都为正整数。The visible area covers n rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers m rows of pixel units, where n is greater than m; both n and m are positive integers.
在该具体的实施例中，当可视区域、防窥区域对应整行或整列像素单元时，用于可视显示的像素单元的个数大于用于防窥显示的像素单元的个数，这样就能保证用于可视显示的像素个数可多于用于防窥显示的像素个数，不会影响可视区域的显示效果。In this specific embodiment, when the visible area and the privacy protection area correspond to the entire row or column of pixel units, the number of pixel units used for visual display is greater than the number of pixel units used for privacy display, so that It can be ensured that the number of pixels used for visual display can be more than the number of pixels used for anti-peep display, and the display effect of the visible area will not be affected.
下面通过一具体实施例来说明本发明所述的液晶显示装置。The liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described below through a specific embodiment.
本发明所述的液晶显示装置的一具体实施例的结构图如1所示，其将下偏光片换为圆偏光片，第一基板为阵列基板，第二基板为彩膜基板，下侧的第一偏光片的透光轴方向为45度，通过快轴方向为沿水平方向的第一四分之一波长相位延迟片14，背光源的光线可经过第一偏光片13变为线偏光，再经过第一四分之一波长相位延迟片14变换为左旋圆偏光。The structure diagram of a specific embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is shown in Figure 1, in which the lower polarizer is replaced by a circular polarizer, the first substrate is an array substrate, the second substrate is a color filter substrate, and the lower The direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer is 45 degrees, and the direction of the fast axis is the first quarter-wave retarder 14 along the horizontal direction, and the light of the backlight can pass through the first polarizer 13 to become linearly polarized light, Then, it is converted into left-handed circularly polarized light through the first quarter-wave retarder 14 .
如图2所示(图2中绘制有当不加电时的光线方向)，如图1所示的液晶显示装置在不加电时，液晶层10的延迟量为λ/2(λ为波长)，这样经过液晶层后的偏振光变为右旋圆偏光，液晶层10上方设置有快轴方向沿水平方向的第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15；光线经过该第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15以后变为线偏光且偏振方向为-45度；上偏光片有两个偏振方向，对应可视区域的部分是第二偏光片16，该第二偏光片16的透光轴的方向为-45度，所以此时可视区域的光可通过，表现为开态；而对应防窥区域的部分是OC层(平坦层)，所以此时防窥区域的光能通过，表现为亮态。防窥眼镜的偏光片的透光轴方向为45度，戴上它后可看到防窥画面，由于裸眼画面的偏光方向始终为-45度，所以戴上防窥眼镜后看不到裸眼画面。As shown in FIG. 2 (the light direction when no power is applied is drawn in FIG. 2 ), when the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1 is not powered on, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer 10 is λ/2 (λ is the wavelength ), the polarized light after passing through the liquid crystal layer in this way becomes right-handed circularly polarized light, and the liquid crystal layer 10 is provided with a second quarter-wavelength phase retarder 15 with a fast axis direction along the horizontal direction; The one-wavelength retardation plate 15 becomes linearly polarized light and the polarization direction is -45 degrees; the upper polarizer has two polarization directions, and the part corresponding to the visible area is the second polarizer 16 , which transmits light through the second polarizer 16 . The direction of the axis is -45 degrees, so the light in the visible area can pass through at this time, showing an open state; and the part corresponding to the privacy protection area is the OC layer (flat layer), so the light in the privacy protection area can pass through at this time, Appears to be bright. The direction of the light transmission axis of the polarizer of the privacy glasses is 45 degrees. After wearing it, you can see the privacy screen. Since the polarization direction of the naked-eye picture is always -45 degrees, you cannot see the naked-eye picture after wearing the privacy glasses. .
如图3所示(图2中绘制有当加电时的光线方向)，如图1所示的液晶显示装置在加电时，液晶分子发生偏转如图3所示，左旋圆偏光经过液晶层10后，偏振状态无变化，仍为左旋圆偏光，再经过快轴方向沿水平方向的第二四分之一波长相位延迟片15，光线变为线偏光，且该线偏光偏振方向为45度，对应裸眼画面的部分是第二偏光片16，该第二偏光片16的透光轴方向为-45度，所以在可视区域光线不能通过，表现为关态；对应防窥区域的部分由于是OC层(平坦层)，此时防窥区域的光仍能通过，且强度跟不加电的情况无差别，因此裸眼观看时，看不到防窥画面。As shown in Fig. 3 (Fig. 2 shows the direction of light when powered on), when the liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1 is powered on, the liquid crystal molecules are deflected as shown in Fig. 3, and the left-handed circularly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer. After 10, the polarization state remains unchanged, and it is still left-handed circularly polarized light. After passing through the second quarter-wavelength phase retarder 15 along the horizontal direction in the fast axis direction, the light becomes linearly polarized, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is 45 degrees. , the part corresponding to the naked-eye picture is the second polarizer 16, and the light transmission axis direction of the second polarizer 16 is -45 degrees, so the light cannot pass through in the visible area, and it is in a closed state; the part corresponding to the privacy area is due to It is the OC layer (flat layer). At this time, the light in the privacy protection area can still pass through, and the intensity is no different from that when the power is not turned on. Therefore, when viewing with the naked eye, the privacy protection screen cannot be seen.
在实际操作时，本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置包括的两偏光片的偏振轴方向以及两个四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向并不限于上述具体实施例(即图2所示的液晶显示装置的具体实施例)的方向，在实际操作时上述各方向可以相应改变，只需将各方向都相应做相同的角度变化即可。In actual operation, the polarization axis directions of the two polarizers and the fast axis directions of the two quarter-wave retarders included in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments (ie, FIG. 2 ). The direction of the specific embodiment of the liquid crystal display device shown), in actual operation, the above-mentioned directions can be changed correspondingly, and it is only necessary to make the same angle change in each direction.
本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置的制作方法包括：相对设置第一基板和第二基板；在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间设置液晶层；在所述第一基板上设置第一偏光片；所述第一基板包括可视区域和防窥区域；所述液晶显示装置的制作方法还包括：The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: arranging a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; arranging a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; placing a liquid crystal layer on the first substrate A first polarizer is arranged; the first substrate includes a visible area and a privacy protection area; the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device further includes:
在所述第一偏光片和所述第一基板之间设置第一四分之一波长相位延迟片；A first quarter-wave retarder is arranged between the first polarizer and the first substrate;
在所述第二基板上设置第二四分之一波长相位延迟片；disposing a second quarter-wave retarder on the second substrate;
在所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片上对应于所述可视区域设置第二偏光片；A second polarizer is arranged on the second quarter-wave retarder corresponding to the visible area;
所述第一四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向和所述第二四分之一波长相位延迟片的快轴方向相同；The fast axis direction of the first quarter-wave phase retarder is the same as the fast axis direction of the second quarter-wave phase retarder;
由所述第一基板射向所述第二基板的入射光的偏振方向和所述快轴方向之间的角度为45度；The angle between the polarization direction of the incident light emitted from the first substrate to the second substrate and the fast axis direction is 45 degrees;
所述第一偏光片的偏振轴与所述第二偏光片的偏振轴垂直。The polarization axis of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarizer.
本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置的制作方法通过将下偏光片由现有技术中的线偏光片改为圆偏光片(该圆偏光片即相当于所述第一偏光片和第一四分之一波长相位延迟片的组合)，在第二基板上设置第二四分之一波长相位延迟片，在第二四分之一波长相位延迟片上仅在对应于可视区域的部分设置第二偏光片，而在第二基板上对应于防窥区域的部分不设置偏光片，对应于防窥区域一直是亮态，光线能够透过防窥区域，但是如果不戴防窥眼镜的话(该防窥眼镜的透光轴的方向与第一偏光片的透光轴方向需相同)看不到防窥画面，而在可视区域则是正常显示的状态，当对液晶层加电，使得液晶层的延迟量为0时，可视区域的画面即为黑画面，这样可以在实现画面防窥的同时避免了现有技术中裸眼画面分辨率和防窥画面的分辨率有低并可视黑画面难以实现的问题。The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention changes the lower polarizer from the linear polarizer in the prior art to a circular polarizer (the circular polarizer is equivalent to the first polarizer and the first and fourth polarizers). A combination of one-wave retarder), a second quarter-wave retarder is arranged on the second substrate, and only a part corresponding to the visible area is arranged on the second quarter-wave phase retarder. Two polarizers, and the part of the second substrate corresponding to the privacy protection area is not provided with polarizers, which is always in a bright state corresponding to the privacy protection area, and light can pass through the privacy protection area, but if you do not wear privacy glasses (this The direction of the light transmission axis of the privacy glasses should be the same as the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer) The privacy screen cannot be seen, but it is in a normal display state in the visible area. When the liquid crystal layer is powered on, the liquid crystal When the delay amount of the layer is 0, the picture in the visible area is a black picture, which can realize the privacy protection of the picture while avoiding the low resolution of the naked-eye picture and the resolution of the privacy protection picture in the prior art, and the visible black picture. The problem that the picture is difficult to achieve.
具体的，所述第一基板可以为阵列基板，所述第二基板可以为彩膜基板。Specifically, the first substrate may be an array substrate, and the second substrate may be a color filter substrate.
优选的，所述阵列基板上设置有多行多列像素单元；Preferably, the array substrate is provided with multiple rows and multiple columns of pixel units;
所述可视区域覆盖奇数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖奇数行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖偶数行像素单元；或者，所述可视区域覆盖偶数列像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖奇数列像素单元。The visible area covers odd-numbered rows of pixel units, and the privacy-proof area covers even-numbered rows of pixel units; or, the visible area covers even-numbered rows of pixel units, and the privacy-proof area covers odd-numbered rows of pixel units; or, the The visible area covers odd-numbered rows of pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers even-numbered rows of pixel units; or, the visible area covers even-numbered columns of pixel units, and the privacy-preventing area covers odd-numbered columns of pixel units.
在该优选的实施例中，可视区域和防窥区域的分布可以是奇偶行或奇偶列分布，这样可以使得防窥区域和可视区域对应的像素单元的排布相对来说比较规整，使得防窥画面和可视画面质量比较高。In this preferred embodiment, the distribution of the visible area and the privacy-preventing area may be an odd-even row or an odd-even column distribution, so that the arrangement of the pixel units corresponding to the privacy-preventing area and the visible area is relatively regular, so that the The quality of the privacy screen and visual screen is relatively high.
具体的，所述阵列基板上包括的各个像素单元的尺寸相同；所述第二偏光片为金属光栅。Specifically, each pixel unit included on the array substrate has the same size; the second polarizer is a metal grating.
在实际操作时，彩膜基板一侧对应可视区域的第二偏光片可以采用涂布型偏光片和掩膜版结合的方式来制作。In actual operation, the second polarizer on the side of the color filter substrate corresponding to the visible area can be made by combining a coated polarizer and a mask.
优选的，所述可视区域对应的像素单元的尺寸大于所述防窥区域对应的像素单元的尺寸。Preferably, the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the visible area is larger than the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the privacy protection area.
由于防窥区域一直是亮态，如果其尺寸太大的话将影响可视区域的显示效果，因此在优选情况下将所述可视区域对应的像素单元的尺寸设置为大于所述防窥区域对应的像素单元的尺寸。Since the privacy protection area is always in the bright state, if its size is too large, it will affect the display effect of the visible area. Therefore, in the preferred case, the size of the pixel unit corresponding to the visible area is set to be larger than that of the privacy protection area. The size of the pixel unit.
具体的，用于可视显示的像素单元的个数大于用于防窥显示的像素单元的个数。Specifically, the number of pixel units used for visual display is greater than the number of pixel units used for anti-peep display.
具体的，所述阵列基板上设有N+M行像素单元；Specifically, N+M rows of pixel units are arranged on the array substrate;
所述可视区域覆盖N行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖M行像素单元，N大于M；N和M都为正整数；或者，The visible area covers N rows of pixel units, the privacy protection area covers M rows of pixel units, and N is greater than M; both N and M are positive integers; or,
所述阵列基板上设有n+m列像素单元；The array substrate is provided with n+m columns of pixel units;
所述可视区域覆盖n行像素单元，所述防窥区域覆盖m行像素单元，n大于m；n和m都为正整数。The visible area covers n rows of pixel units, and the privacy protection area covers m rows of pixel units, where n is greater than m; both n and m are positive integers.
也即当可视区域、防窥区域对应整行或整列像素单元时，用于可视显示的像素单元的个数大于用于防窥显示的像素单元的个数，这样就能保证用于可视显示的像素个数可多于用于防窥显示的像素个数，不会影响可视区域的显示效果。That is to say, when the visible area and the anti-peep area correspond to the entire row or column of pixel units, the number of pixel units used for visual display is greater than the number of pixel units used for anti-peep display, so that the number of pixel units used for visible display can be guaranteed. The number of pixels for visual display can be more than the number of pixels for privacy display, which will not affect the display effect of the visible area.
本发明实施例所述的液晶显示装置及其制作方法,利用圆偏光及涂布性偏光片的技术手段来来分离公共显示画面和防窥显示画面，并可根据具体情况进行防窥和可视的切换，从而增大相应的分辨率，可实现可视画面的黑画面。The liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention utilize the technical means of circularly polarized light and a coating polarizer to separate the public display screen and the anti-peeping display screen, and can perform anti-peeping and viewing according to specific conditions. , so as to increase the corresponding resolution and realize the black picture of the visible picture.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610429373.XACN105842909B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Liquid crystal display device and method of making the same |
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| CN201610429373.XACN105842909B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Liquid crystal display device and method of making the same |
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| CN105842909A CN105842909A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| CN105842909Btrue CN105842909B (en) | 2019-02-26 |
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| CN201610429373.XAActiveCN105842909B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Liquid crystal display device and method of making the same |
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