技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力系统测量领域，特别是涉及一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法及系统。The invention relates to the field of power system measurement, in particular to a method and system for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，由于我国电力系统容量的不断扩大，大幅值的入地雷电流已经严重威胁到电力系统运行人员和电气设备的安全。为了保证电力系统的安全可靠运行，电力运行及设计部门更加注重接地技术。雷电输电线路引起的输电线路事故越来越多，究其原因，是由于输电线路杆塔接地装置冲击接地电阻和大地网接地电阻过大。因此，有效降低杆塔接地装置冲击接地电阻以及大地网接地电阻，是降低输电线路雷击故障的一种非常有效的途径。而如何有效检测出接地装置冲击接地电阻，成为了电力行业的关注焦点。In recent years, due to the continuous expansion of the capacity of my country's power system, large-scale lightning currents have seriously threatened the safety of power system operators and electrical equipment. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system, the power operation and design departments pay more attention to grounding technology. There are more and more transmission line accidents caused by lightning transmission lines. The reason is that the impact grounding resistance of the tower grounding device of the transmission line and the grounding resistance of the earth grid are too large. Therefore, effectively reducing the impact grounding resistance of the tower grounding device and the grounding resistance of the earth grid is a very effective way to reduce the lightning strike fault of the transmission line. How to effectively detect the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device has become the focus of attention in the power industry.
目前接地装置冲击接地电阻主要通过以下两种途径获得，但是在实际应用中都存在一定的问题。1、在理论分析的基础上建立冲击接地电阻的数学物理模型，但是此种方法建模困难并且求解繁琐。2、通过模拟实验法测量接地装置冲击接地电阻，但是现有冲击设备较笨重，不适合在野外测量。At present, the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device is mainly obtained through the following two ways, but there are certain problems in practical applications. 1. On the basis of theoretical analysis, a mathematical and physical model of impulse grounding resistance is established, but this method is difficult to model and cumbersome to solve. 2. Measure the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device through the simulation experiment method, but the existing impact equipment is heavy and unsuitable for field measurement.
因此，有必要对接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量进行进一步研究，以弥补现有获取接地装置冲击接地电阻的方法中存在的缺陷，从而为实现降低输电线路杆塔接地装置冲击接地电阻和大地网接地电阻奠定基础，保证电力系统的安全可靠运行。Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research on the measurement of the grounding device's impact grounding resistance to make up for the defects in the existing methods of obtaining the grounding device's impact grounding resistance, so as to reduce the transmission line tower grounding device's impact grounding resistance and the earth grid grounding resistance. Lay the foundation to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例中提供了一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法及系统，以解决现有技术中获取接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法在求解冲击接地电阻时存在的建模复杂、计算繁琐和精确度差；以及现有接地装置冲击接地电阻测量系统存在的体积庞大，移动不便，不适合在野外应用的问题。The embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for measuring the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to solve the problems of complex modeling, cumbersome calculations and problems in solving the impact grounding resistance of the measurement method for obtaining the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device in the prior art. The accuracy is poor; and the existing grounding device impact grounding resistance measurement system is bulky, inconvenient to move, and not suitable for field application.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例公开了如下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention discloses the following technical solutions:
本发明公开了一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法，包括：控制冲击电流发生器产生冲击电流，并将该冲击电流发送至待测接地装置；该待测接地装置接收该冲击电流，并产生相应的电流信号和响应电压信号；信号采集模块对该电流信号和响应电压信号预处理，并采样得到相应的电流采样信号和电压采样信号；主控制器获取该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，并根据该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率计算得到该 待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，将该冲击接地电阻发送至输出设备；该输出设备获取并显示该冲击接地电阻。The invention discloses a method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device, which includes: controlling an impact current generator to generate an impact current, and sending the impact current to a grounding device to be tested; The corresponding current signal and response voltage signal; the signal acquisition module preprocesses the current signal and response voltage signal, and samples the corresponding current sampling signal and voltage sampling signal; the main controller acquires the main frequency, and calculate the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested according to the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal, and send the impact grounding resistance to the output device; the output device acquires and displays the impact grounding resistance.
优选的，根据该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率计算得到该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，包括：根据该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，利用公式R＝u/i，计算得到该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻。Preferably, calculating the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested according to the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal includes: using the formula R=u/i according to the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal, Calculate the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested.
本发明实施例公开的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量装置，包括冲击电流发生器、信号采集模块、主控制器和输出设备，其中，该冲击电流发生器的输出端电连接至该待测接地装置，该信号采集模块的输入端与该待测接地装置电连接；该信号采集模块的输出端电连接至该主控制器的输入端，该主控制器的输出端电连接至该输出设备。A device for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention includes an impact current generator, a signal acquisition module, a main controller and an output device, wherein the output end of the impact current generator is electrically connected to the Grounding device, the input end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the grounding device to be tested; the output end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input end of the main controller, and the output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the output device .
优选的，该冲击电流发生器包括500V、750V、1000V、1250V、1500V、1750V和2000V的电压输出。Preferably, the impulse current generator includes voltage outputs of 500V, 750V, 1000V, 1250V, 1500V, 1750V and 2000V.
优选的，该冲击电流发生器还包括4/10us、8/20us、30/80us和10/350us的多波形冲击电流输出。Preferably, the impulse current generator further includes multi-waveform impulse current outputs of 4/10us, 8/20us, 30/80us and 10/350us.
优选的，该冲击电流发生器还设置有外接电容接口，用于调整波形。Preferably, the impulse current generator is also provided with an external capacitor interface for adjusting the waveform.
优选的，该信号采集模块包括与该待测接地装置和该冲击电流发生器的输出端电连接的电流输出通道，以及分别与该待测接地装置和该信号采集模块的预处理电路电连接的第一电压输入通道、第二电压输入通道、电流输入通道、第一电流线圈输入通道和第二电流线圈输入通道，其中，该第一电流线圈输入通道与对应的该第二电压输入通道为复用通道，该第二电流线圈输入通道与该电流输入通道为复用通道。Preferably, the signal acquisition module includes a current output channel electrically connected to the grounding device to be tested and the output end of the impulse current generator, and a current output channel electrically connected to the grounding device to be tested and the preprocessing circuit of the signal acquisition module, respectively. The first voltage input channel, the second voltage input channel, the current input channel, the first current coil input channel and the second current coil input channel, wherein the first current coil input channel is complex with the corresponding second voltage input channel The second current coil input channel and the current input channel are multiplexed channels.
优选的，该信号采集模块的预处理电路及采样电路均为PCB电路等长布线。Preferably, the preprocessing circuit and the sampling circuit of the signal acquisition module are both PCB circuits with equal length wiring.
优选的，该输出设备为液晶显示屏或串口打印机，且该主控制器设置有USB接口，用于导出该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻或对主控制器内置程序进行优化升级。Preferably, the output device is a liquid crystal display or a serial printer, and the main controller is provided with a USB interface for deriving the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested or optimizing and upgrading the built-in program of the main controller.
优选的，该主控制器提供有线网络通讯和无线网络通讯，用于与计算机传输数据。Preferably, the master controller provides wired network communication and wireless network communication for data transmission with the computer.
由以上技术方案可见，本发明实施例提供的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法及系统，与现有技术相比，利用电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率计算待测接地装置冲击接地电阻，具有建模简单，计算方便和精确度高的优点；另外，本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统，提供500V、750V等的多个输出电压档位输出以及30/80us和10/350us等的多波形冲击电流输出，具有体积小、移动方便、安全性高并适用于野外开展对待测接地装置冲击接地电阻的测试工作。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the method and system for measuring the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device provided by the embodiments of the present invention, compared with the prior art, uses the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal to calculate the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested, It has the advantages of simple modeling, convenient calculation and high accuracy; in addition, the measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention provides multiple output voltage levels of 500V, 750V, etc., as well as 30/80us and 10 Multi-waveform impulse current output such as /350us, with small size, convenient movement, high safety and suitable for testing the impulse grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested in the field.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的原理示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a measurement system for grounding device impact grounding resistance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的功能框架图；FIG. 3 is a functional framework diagram of a measurement system for grounding device impact grounding resistance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4a为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的一种实验接线图；Fig. 4a is an experimental wiring diagram of a measurement system of a grounding device impact grounding resistance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4b为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的另一种实验接线图；Fig. 4b is another experimental wiring diagram of a measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4c为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的第三种实验接线图；Fig. 4c is a third experimental wiring diagram of a measurement system for grounding device impact grounding resistance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
符号表示为：Symbols are represented as:
R1-分流电阻，R2-第一分压电阻，R3-第二分压电阻。R1-shunt resistor, R2-first voltage divider resistor, R3-second voltage divider resistor.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例公开了一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法。The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device.
参见图1，为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法的流程示意图。本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法，包括：Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
S11：控制冲击电流发生器产生冲击电流，并将该冲击电流发送至待测接地装置。S11: Control the impulse current generator to generate impulse current, and send the impulse current to the grounding device to be tested.
S11具体包括：根据待测接地装置的实际需要，选择充电所需的输出电压及冲击电流输出波形；参数设定后，启动该冲击电流发生器，产生相应波形的冲击电流，并将该冲击电流注入待测接地装置。S11 specifically includes: according to the actual needs of the grounding device to be tested, select the output voltage and inrush current output waveform required for charging; Inject into the ground device under test.
S12：该待测接地装置接收该冲击电流，并产生相应的电流信号和响应电压信号。S12: The grounding device under test receives the surge current, and generates a corresponding current signal and a response voltage signal.
S12具体包括：该待测接地装置接收该冲击电流，并在该冲击电流的作用下，生成相应的电流信号和响应电压信号。S12 specifically includes: the grounding device to be tested receives the surge current, and generates a corresponding current signal and a response voltage signal under the action of the surge current.
S13：信号采集模块对上述电流信号和响应电压信号预处理，并采样得到相应的电流采样信号和电压采样信号。S13: The signal acquisition module preprocesses the above-mentioned current signal and the response voltage signal, and samples the corresponding current sampling signal and voltage sampling signal.
S13具体包括：信号采集模块接收该电流信号和响应电压信号，并对该电流信号和响应电压信号进行预处理并采样得到相应的电流采样信号和电压采样信号。S13 specifically includes: the signal acquisition module receives the current signal and the response voltage signal, preprocesses the current signal and the response voltage signal and samples them to obtain corresponding current sampling signals and voltage sampling signals.
进一步的，对该电流信号和响应电压信号进行的预处理操作，主要包括衰减、共模、滤波和A/D转换等步骤。当然，对该电流信号和响应电压信号的预处理操作，还可以包括本发明实施例未列出的其它符合本发明要求的其它操作，并不以此为限。此外，常见电信号的预处理操作为电学领域的常规操作，为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不再赘述。经由预处理电路处理后的电流信号和响应电压信号，暂时存储于原始数据区，如IS61LV51216存储器中。Further, the preprocessing operations on the current signal and the response voltage signal mainly include steps such as attenuation, common mode, filtering, and A/D conversion. Of course, the preprocessing operations on the current signal and the response voltage signal may also include other operations not listed in the embodiment of the present invention that meet the requirements of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. In addition, common electrical signal preprocessing operations are routine operations in the electrical field, and are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here. The current signal and response voltage signal processed by the preprocessing circuit are temporarily stored in the original data area, such as IS61LV51216 memory.
进一步的，对经预处理后的电流信号和响应电压信号进行采样，采样操作主要包括控制器接收来自该存储器中的信号，并与设定阈值进行比较逻辑判断，如果输出值为真，则继电器吸合，FPGA芯片分别对电流信号和响应电压信号进行采样，获得相应的电流采样信号和电压采样信号，而如果输出值为假，则继电器无动作，继续等待控制器发送输出信号。Further, the preprocessed current signal and the response voltage signal are sampled. The sampling operation mainly includes that the controller receives the signal from the memory and compares it with the set threshold for logical judgment. If the output value is true, the relay Pull in, the FPGA chip samples the current signal and the response voltage signal respectively to obtain the corresponding current sampling signal and voltage sampling signal, and if the output value is false, the relay does not act and continues to wait for the controller to send the output signal.
S14：主控制器获取电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，并根据电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率计算得到待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻将该冲击接地电阻发送至输出设备。S14: The main controller obtains the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal, and calculates the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested according to the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal, and sends the impact grounding resistance to the output device.
S14具体包括：主控制器从信号采集模块获取该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，并根据该电流采样信号的主频率值和电压采样信号的主频率值，计算该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，计算方法如利用公式R＝u/i，计算电压采样信号的主频率值与电流采样信号的主频率值的商，用以表示该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻等，将该冲击接地电阻值发送至输出设备。需要说明的是，获取常见电信号，如电流信号或电压信号的主频率操作为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不做赘述。S14 specifically includes: the main controller obtains the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal from the signal acquisition module, and calculates the main frequency of the grounding device to be tested according to the main frequency value of the current sampling signal and the main frequency value of the voltage sampling signal Impulse grounding resistance, the calculation method is such as using the formula R=u/i to calculate the quotient of the main frequency value of the voltage sampling signal and the main frequency value of the current sampling signal, which is used to represent the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested, etc., the The shock ground resistance value is sent to the output device. It should be noted that the main frequency operation for obtaining a common electrical signal, such as a current signal or a voltage signal, is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
利用电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，计算待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，与现有技术中在理论分析的基础上建立冲击接地电阻的数学物理模型相比，仅需测定该待测接地装置产生的电流信号和响应电压信号，进而获取该电流信号和响应电压信号的主频率，即可对该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻进行求解，具备建模简单、计算过程简便且计算效率高的优点；另外，本发明方法中提出的模型在计算接地装置冲击接地电阻时，几乎不受待测接地装置中电容及电感的影响，因此，本发明实施例公开的接地装置 冲击接地电阻的测量方法还可有效提高对冲击接地电阻的计算精度。Using the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal to calculate the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested, compared with the mathematical and physical model of the impact grounding resistance established on the basis of theoretical analysis in the prior art, it is only necessary to measure the grounding resistance to be tested The current signal and response voltage signal generated by the grounding device, and then the main frequency of the current signal and the response voltage signal can be obtained to solve the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested, which has simple modeling, simple calculation process and high calculation efficiency In addition, the model proposed in the method of the present invention is hardly affected by the capacitance and inductance in the grounding device to be measured when calculating the grounding device's impact grounding resistance. The measurement method can also effectively improve the calculation accuracy of the impact grounding resistance.
S15：该输出设备获取并显示该冲击接地电阻。输出设备获取该冲击接地电阻，并对该冲击接地电阻加以显示。该输出设备可以为液晶显示屏、串口打印机等，用以显示该冲击接地电阻。S15: the output device acquires and displays the impact ground resistance. The output device obtains the impulse ground resistance and displays the impulse ground resistance. The output device may be a liquid crystal display, a serial printer, etc., to display the impact grounding resistance.
本发明公开的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法，利用电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，计算待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，与现有技术中在理论分析的基础上建立冲击接地电阻的数学物理模型相比，仅需测定该待测接地装置产生的电流信号和响应电压信号，即可完成对该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻的求解，具备建模简单、计算过程简便且计算效率高的优点；另外，本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法在计算接地装置冲击接地电阻时，几乎不受待测接地装置中电容及电感的影响，因此，本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法还可有效提高对冲击接地电阻的计算精度。The invention discloses a method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device, which uses the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal to calculate the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be measured, and establishes the impact grounding resistance based on theoretical analysis in the prior art. Compared with the mathematical and physical model of grounding resistance, it only needs to measure the current signal and response voltage signal generated by the grounding device to be tested to complete the solution of the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested, with simple modeling and simple calculation process and the advantage of high calculation efficiency; in addition, the method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is hardly affected by the capacitance and inductance in the grounding device to be measured when calculating the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device. Therefore, the present invention The method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment can also effectively improve the calculation accuracy of the impact grounding resistance.
与本发明提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法实施例相对应，本发明实施例还提供了一种冲击接地电阻的测量系统。Corresponding to the embodiment of the method for measuring the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device provided by the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a measurement system for the impact grounding resistance.
参见图2，为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的原理示意图。也可参见图3，为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的功能框架图。Referring to FIG. 2 , it is a schematic schematic diagram of a measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. You can also refer to FIG. 3 , which is a functional framework diagram of a measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of a grounding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统，包括冲击电流发生器、信号采集模块、主控制器和输出设备，其中，该冲击电流发生器的输出端电连接至该待测接地装置，信号采集模块的输入端与该待测接地装置电连接，该信号采集模块的输出端电连接至该主控制器的输入端，该主控制器的输出端电连接至输出设备。此外，有电源系统为该接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统中的所有用电设备进行供电，具体不做赘述。The measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes an impulse current generator, a signal acquisition module, a main controller and an output device, wherein the output end of the impulse current generator is electrically connected to the grounding device to be tested , the input end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the grounding device to be tested, the output end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input end of the main controller, and the output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the output device. In addition, there is a power supply system to supply power to all electrical equipment in the measurement system of the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device, and details will not be repeated here.
冲击电流发生器，可以人工模拟雷闪电流，为待测接地装置提供冲击电流，为本领域技术人员所熟知。作为一种优选方案，本发明实施例公开的冲击电流发生器，包括充电所需的多个档位电压输出，如500V、750V、1000V、1250V、1500V、1750V和2000V的电压输出。区别于现有的冲击电流发生器提供的输出电压，该冲击电流发生器提供的输出电压在电压区间长度保持不变的前提下，区间上、下限电压阈值降低，使该冲击电流发生器的体积相比现有技术的冲击电流发生器显著减小，因此使本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统整体更具灵活性，不仅适合室内应用，更适应野外作业。The impulse current generator can artificially simulate the lightning current and provide the impulse current for the grounding device to be tested, which is well known to those skilled in the art. As a preferred solution, the inrush current generator disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes multiple gear voltage outputs required for charging, such as voltage outputs of 500V, 750V, 1000V, 1250V, 1500V, 1750V and 2000V. Different from the output voltage provided by the existing impulse current generator, under the premise that the length of the voltage interval remains unchanged, the upper and lower limit voltage thresholds of the interval are reduced, making the volume of the impulse current generator Compared with the inrush current generator in the prior art, the inrush current generator is significantly reduced, so the measurement system for the inrush ground resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is more flexible as a whole, and is not only suitable for indoor applications, but also suitable for field operations.
进一步的，该冲击电流发生器还包括多波形冲击电流输出，如4/10us、8/20us、30/80us和10/350us的波形冲击电流输出，相比于现有技术，本发明实施例提供的冲击 电流发生器具有更大的适用范围，并能大大降低冲击电流对计算待测接地装置冲击接地电阻造成的误差。Further, the impulse current generator also includes multi-waveform impulse current outputs, such as waveform impulse current outputs of 4/10us, 8/20us, 30/80us and 10/350us. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides The impulse current generator has a wider application range, and can greatly reduce the error caused by the impulse current to the calculation of the impulse grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested.
进一步的，该冲击电流发生器除了内部设置10uf/2500V的高压电容作为冲击电流源外，还设置有外接电容接口。在使用时，该冲击电流发生器可以根据实际需要，通过该外接电容接口外扩一个高压电容，起到调整波形的作用。Further, the surge current generator is not only provided with a 10uf/2500V high-voltage capacitor as the surge current source, but also has an external capacitor interface. When in use, the impulse current generator can expand a high-voltage capacitor through the external capacitor interface to adjust the waveform according to actual needs.
信号采集模块主要包括预处理电路及采样电路。The signal acquisition module mainly includes a preprocessing circuit and a sampling circuit.
预处理电路主要实现对待测接地装置产生的电流信号和响应电压信号进行衰减、共模、滤波及A/D转换处理，其中，衰减电路包括分流器和分压器，如图1中的分流电阻R1与分压电阻R2和R3所示。当然，对该电流信号和响应电压信号的预处理操作，还可以包括本发明实施例未给出的其它符合本发明要求的其它操作，并不以此为限。此外，常见电信号的预处理操作为电学领域的常规操作，为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不再赘述。The preprocessing circuit mainly realizes the attenuation, common mode, filtering and A/D conversion processing of the current signal and the response voltage signal generated by the grounding device to be tested. The attenuation circuit includes a shunt and a voltage divider, such as the shunt resistor in Figure 1 R1 and voltage divider resistors R2 and R3 are shown. Of course, the preprocessing operations on the current signal and the response voltage signal may also include other operations that meet the requirements of the present invention that are not provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. In addition, common electrical signal preprocessing operations are routine operations in the electrical field, and are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
采样电路主要利用FPGA芯片实现对信号的采样。FPGA芯片为多功能、低功耗的现场可编程门阵列，负责控制数据的高速采集及存储，当接收到比较逻辑器件提供的触发信号后，会发出高速采样的启动命令，并控制通过总线输出的采样数据的存储。利用FPGA芯片构造采样电路，以完成对所需电信号的采样，为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不再赘述。The sampling circuit mainly uses the FPGA chip to realize the sampling of the signal. The FPGA chip is a multi-functional, low-power field programmable gate array, which is responsible for controlling the high-speed acquisition and storage of data. After receiving the trigger signal provided by the comparison logic device, it will issue a high-speed sampling start command and control the output through the bus. Storage of sampled data. Constructing a sampling circuit by using an FPGA chip to complete the sampling of the required electrical signal is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.
进一步的，为了使所有信号都能够满足时序要求，并尽可能地减少所有信号在PCB上传输延迟的差异，作为一种优选方案，该信号采集模块的预处理电路及采样电路均为PCB等长布线。Further, in order to make all signals meet the timing requirements and reduce the difference in transmission delay of all signals on the PCB as much as possible, as a preferred solution, the preprocessing circuit and sampling circuit of the signal acquisition module are both PCB-equal length wiring.
参见图4a，为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的一种实验接线图；参见图4b，为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的另一种实验接线图；参见图4c，为本发明实施例提供的一种接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的第三种实验接线图。Referring to Figure 4a, it is an experimental wiring diagram of a measurement system for grounding device impact ground resistance provided by an embodiment of the present invention; see Figure 4b, for a measurement system of a ground device impact ground resistance provided by an embodiment of the present invention Another experimental wiring diagram; see FIG. 4c, which is a third experimental wiring diagram of a grounding device impact grounding resistance measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
作为一种优选方案，该信号采集模块分别包括与该待测接地装置和该冲击电流发生器的输出端电连接的电流输出通道，以及分别与该待测接地装置和该信号采集模块的预处理电路电连接的第一电压输入通道、第二电压输入通道、电流输入通道、第一电流线圈输入通道和第二电流线圈输入通道，其中，第一电流线圈输入通道与第二电压输入通道设置为复用通道，第二电流线圈输入通道与电流输入通道设置为复用通道，以进一步提高通道利用率。As a preferred solution, the signal acquisition module includes a current output channel electrically connected to the grounding device to be tested and the output end of the impulse current generator, and a preprocessing channel connected to the grounding device to be tested and the signal acquisition module respectively. The circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage input channel, a second voltage input channel, a current input channel, a first current coil input channel and a second current coil input channel, wherein the first current coil input channel and the second voltage input channel are set as Multiplexing channels, the second current coil input channel and the current input channel are set as multiplexing channels to further improve channel utilization.
本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统提供有电流输出接口、电压输出接口1、电压输出接口2、电流输入接口、电流线圈输入接口1和电流线圈输入接口 2，内部分别对应设置该电流输出通道、第一电压输入通道、第二电压输入通道、电流输入通道、第一电流线圈输入通道和第二电流线圈输入通道。该电流输出接口，为该冲击电流发生器产生的冲击电流的输出输入接口；电流输入接口用于采集测量回路中的电流信号；电压输出接口1及电压输出接口2分别用于测量回路中的电压信号，通过测量待测接地装置的两个方向或同一个方向上两个不同位置处的电压值，感应由冲击电流波动产生的电压波动，进而提高测试效率；电流线圈输入接口用于输入由外部电流线圈采集的电流信号。The measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a current output interface, a voltage output interface 1, a voltage output interface 2, a current input interface, a current coil input interface 1 and a current coil input interface 2. The current output channel, the first voltage input channel, the second voltage input channel, the current input channel, the first current coil input channel and the second current coil input channel. The current output interface is the output and input interface of the impulse current generated by the impulse current generator; the current input interface is used to collect the current signal in the measurement circuit; the voltage output interface 1 and the voltage output interface 2 are respectively used to measure the voltage in the circuit Signal, by measuring the voltage values in two directions of the grounding device to be tested or at two different positions in the same direction, it can induce voltage fluctuations caused by impulse current fluctuations, thereby improving test efficiency; the current coil input interface is used to input external The current signal collected by the current coil.
主控制器，如ARM11(嵌入式开发板)，用于该接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统的总体控制，分别获取由信号采集模块提供的电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，并利用该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率计算该待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，计算方法如利用公式R＝u/i，计算该电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率的商，作为该冲击接地电阻。该主控制器将该冲击接地电阻发送至输出设备进行显示。The main controller, such as ARM11 (embedded development board), is used for the overall control of the measurement system of the grounding device impact grounding resistance, respectively obtains the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal provided by the signal acquisition module, and uses the The main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal is used to calculate the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested. The calculation method is such as using the formula R=u/i to calculate the quotient of the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal as the impact ground resistance. The master controller sends the impact ground resistance to an output device for display.
作为一种优选方案，该主控制器内置通讯协议，可提供有线网络通讯和无线网络通讯，用于实现与计算机之间传输数据，便于实时监控操作。As an optimal solution, the main controller has a built-in communication protocol, which can provide wired network communication and wireless network communication, and is used to realize data transmission with a computer, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring and operation.
输出设备接收主控制器计算出的冲击接地电阻，并进行显示。该输出设备可以为液晶显示屏(LCD)或串口打印机。进一步的，该主控制器还设置有USB接口，用于导出待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻或完成对该主控制器内置程序的优化升级。The output device receives and displays the impulse grounding resistance calculated by the main controller. The output device can be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a serial printer. Further, the main controller is also provided with a USB interface, which is used to derive the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested or complete the optimization and upgrade of the built-in program of the main controller.
本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量系统，通过利用电流采样信号和电压采样信号的主频率，计算待测接地装置的冲击接地电阻，具备建模简单、计算过程简便且计算效率高的优点；另外，本发明实施例公开的接地装置冲击接地电阻的测量方法在计算接地装置冲击接地电阻时，几乎不受待测接地装置中电容及电感的影响；此外，还提供500V、750V、1000V、1250V、1500V、1750V和2000V的多个输出电压档位输出以及4/10us、8/20us、30/80us和10/350us的多波形冲击电流输出，具有体积小、移动方便、安全性高并适用于野外开展对待测接地装置冲击接地电阻的测试工作。The measurement system for the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention calculates the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be measured by using the main frequency of the current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal, and has the advantages of simple modeling, simple calculation process and high calculation efficiency advantages; in addition, the method for measuring the impact ground resistance of the grounding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is hardly affected by the capacitance and inductance in the grounding device to be measured when calculating the grounding device impact ground resistance; in addition, it also provides 500V, 750V, Multiple output voltage ranges of 1000V, 1250V, 1500V, 1750V and 2000V and multi-waveform impulse current output of 4/10us, 8/20us, 30/80us and 10/350us, with small size, convenient movement and high safety It is also suitable for testing the impact grounding resistance of the grounding device to be tested in the field.
本说明书中的各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与另一个实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的装置及系统实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from another embodiment. In particular, as for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to part of the description of the method embodiment. The device and system embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, It can be located in one place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体与另一个实体区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities. Any such actual relationship or sequence. Furthermore, the term "comprising" is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a device comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or which are inherent to such a device . Without further limitations, an element defined by the statement "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the device comprising said element.
以上所述仅是本发明的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN107102208B (en)* | 2017-04-25 | 2019-08-02 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | A method and device for measuring impact grounding resistance |
| CN111007321A (en)* | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-14 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Processing circuit, electronic device and ground impedance detection method of power supply output end |
| CN115607826A (en)* | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-17 | 北京翌光科技有限公司 | a beauty device |
| CN115607826B (en)* | 2022-10-31 | 2025-10-17 | 北京翌光科技有限公司 | Beauty treatment instrument |
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