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CN105817618A - Sintering method of porous metal fiber materials with controllable penetrability and porosity - Google Patents

Sintering method of porous metal fiber materials with controllable penetrability and porosity
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CN105817618A
CN105817618ACN201610182798.5ACN201610182798ACN105817618ACN 105817618 ACN105817618 ACN 105817618ACN 201610182798 ACN201610182798 ACN 201610182798ACN 105817618 ACN105817618 ACN 105817618A
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metal fiber
inner sleeve
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张云龙
胡明
张瑞霞
李成海
廖平
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Jiamusi University
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,涉及材料制备方法,尤其涉及一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法。本发明要解决现有金属纤维多孔材料的制备方法,在制备不同气孔率的金属多孔材料时,要反复烧结多次,存在能源消耗大且浪费时间的问题。一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法以下步骤进行:一、将金属纤维先进行螺旋缠绕、折叠编织和冷压处理,得到n个直径与内套上通孔的直径相等的圆柱形多孔材料预制块;二、将步骤一得到的n个圆柱形多孔材料预制块,装入模具中;三、加压;四、烧结;五、降温,同时得到不同孔隙率的金属纤维多孔材料。本发明应用于金属纤维多孔材料的制备和生产领域。

The invention relates to a sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with a penetration and a controllable porosity, and relates to a material preparation method, in particular to a sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with a penetration and a controllable porosity. The present invention aims to solve the problem of high energy consumption and time-wasting problems in the prior preparation method of metal fiber porous materials, which require repeated sintering for many times when preparing metal porous materials with different porosities. A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with permeability and controllable porosity is carried out in the following steps: 1. The metal fibers are first spirally wound, folded and braided, and cold-pressed to obtain n diameters equal to the diameter of the through hole on the inner sleeve 2. Pack n cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks obtained in step 1 into a mould; 3. pressurize; 4. sinter; 5. lower the temperature to obtain metal fibers with different porosity porous material. The invention is applied to the field of preparation and production of metal fiber porous materials.

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with interpenetration and controllable porosity

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及材料制备方法,尤其涉及一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法。The invention relates to a material preparation method, in particular to a metal fiber porous material sintering method with penetration and controllable porosity.

背景技术Background technique

多孔金属材料是近年来迅速发展起来的一种具有优异物理特性和力学性能的新型复合材料。根据其孔洞的形态,可以将多孔金属材料分为独立孔洞型的和连续孔洞型两大类。因多孔金属材料拥有比重小、刚度大、比表面积高、减震性好、消音降噪效果优良、电磁屏蔽性能高等特点。作为功能材料,目前主要应用于催化剂载体、高温液体过滤器、原子能、电化学、石油化工、冶金、医药、热交换器等领域。作为结构材料,主要应用于航空、机械、建筑等领域。Porous metal material is a new type of composite material with excellent physical and mechanical properties developed rapidly in recent years. According to the shape of the pores, porous metal materials can be divided into two categories: independent pores and continuous pores. Because the porous metal material has the characteristics of small specific gravity, high rigidity, high specific surface area, good shock absorption, excellent noise reduction effect, and high electromagnetic shielding performance. As a functional material, it is mainly used in catalyst carrier, high temperature liquid filter, atomic energy, electrochemistry, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, medicine, heat exchanger and other fields. As a structural material, it is mainly used in aviation, machinery, construction and other fields.

制造金属多孔材料的方法主要包括金属堆积烧结法、添加造孔剂法、浆料发泡烧结法、模板法、熔模铸造法、燃烧合成法等。其中,金属堆积烧结法是将堆积的空心球(或粉末)进行高温烧结,通过高温扩散形成冶金结合制备多孔金属的方法。添加造孔剂技术是将造孔剂与金属粉按一定比例混合,再烧结前或烧结后通过加热(或溶解)等方法去除造孔剂,进而获得多孔结构。浆料发泡法是以金属粉末为原料,通过添加发泡剂等配成浆料,再加入模具中进行加热,由于添加剂和发泡剂的作用产生气体膨胀,经烧结后可获得多孔金属。模板法是指以海绵为模板,将金属浆料浸渍于模板中,待干燥后再加热除去模板,最后经高温烧结获得多孔金属。熔模铸造法是将高熔点液态材料充入海绵状泡沫塑料孔隙中固化,整体加热使塑料组分蒸发,进而获得海绵孔隙结构,再将液态金属浇入铸型中冷却和凝固,去除高熔点材料,最终获得多孔金属。燃烧合成法是利用化学反应自身释放的热量制备材料的新工艺。在上述方法中,通常所制备的材料多为独立型多孔材料,即为闭孔材料。空隙率通常20%~50%,且孔隙分布难以精准控制。作为闭孔材料,其孔径分布、孔径尺寸等不可控因素将严重制约金属多孔材料在工程应用的广泛开展,如过滤材料、生物医学材料以及催化剂材料等领域。因此如何开展贯通性开孔材料变得更有意义。The methods of manufacturing metal porous materials mainly include metal accumulation sintering method, adding pore-forming agent method, slurry foaming sintering method, template method, investment casting method, combustion synthesis method and so on. Among them, the metal stacking sintering method is a method of sintering stacked hollow spheres (or powder) at high temperature, and forming a metallurgical bond through high temperature diffusion to prepare porous metal. The technology of adding pore-forming agent is to mix the pore-forming agent and metal powder in a certain proportion, and remove the pore-forming agent by heating (or dissolving) before or after sintering to obtain a porous structure. The slurry foaming method uses metal powder as the raw material, and the slurry is prepared by adding a foaming agent, etc., and then added to the mold for heating. The gas expands due to the action of the additive and the foaming agent, and the porous metal can be obtained after sintering. The template method refers to using the sponge as a template, impregnating the metal paste into the template, heating to remove the template after drying, and finally obtaining porous metal through high-temperature sintering. The investment casting method is to fill the high-melting point liquid material into the pores of the sponge-like foam plastic to solidify, heat the whole to evaporate the plastic component, and then obtain the sponge pore structure, and then pour the liquid metal into the mold to cool and solidify to remove the high-melting point foam. material, resulting in a porous metal. Combustion synthesis is a new process for preparing materials by using the heat released by the chemical reaction itself. In the above methods, usually the prepared materials are mostly independent porous materials, that is, closed-pore materials. The porosity is usually 20% to 50%, and the pore distribution is difficult to control precisely. As closed-pore materials, uncontrollable factors such as pore size distribution and pore size will seriously restrict the wide development of metal porous materials in engineering applications, such as filter materials, biomedical materials, and catalyst materials. Therefore, how to develop through-hole materials becomes more meaningful.

目前,贯通性开孔金属材料受到研究学者和制作商的急切关注,将是本世纪最具有研究意义和广泛应用前景的复合材料之一。作为贯通性多孔材料的主要制造方法包括有机泡沫浸渍法和金属纤维烧结法等。李众利等利用有机泡沫浸渍法制备了类松质骨结构的钛合金多孔材料。其中聚氨酯泡沫孔径为200~600μm,孔隙率50%~70%的三维连通多孔结构。利用钛粉为原材料,经过烧结后获得的多孔钛具有三维网络结构,孔隙率50%~60%,其弹性模量为0.6~0.7GPa。但该方法获得的存在着连通孔的闭塞率较高,整体强度不均匀等问题。而金属纤维烧结法则是利用金属纤维缠绕成型,冷压致密化处理,再进行高温烧结即可获得金属纤维多孔材料。此方法虽然获得了气孔率可控的多孔材料,但通常所使用的模具较为简单,如要制备出不同气孔率的金属多孔材料,则需要反复烧结多次。这样将造成材料制造成本明显增加,能源消耗大,而且费时费力。At present, through-hole metal materials are receiving urgent attention from researchers and manufacturers, and will be one of the composite materials with the most research significance and wide application prospects in this century. The main manufacturing methods of perforated porous materials include organic foam impregnation method and metal fiber sintering method. Li Zhongli et al prepared a titanium alloy porous material with a cancellous bone structure by using an organic foam impregnation method. The polyurethane foam has a pore diameter of 200-600 μm and a three-dimensional interconnected porous structure with a porosity of 50%-70%. Using titanium powder as a raw material, the porous titanium obtained after sintering has a three-dimensional network structure, a porosity of 50% to 60%, and an elastic modulus of 0.6 to 0.7GPa. However, there are problems such as high occlusion rate of connected holes and uneven overall strength obtained by this method. The metal fiber sintering method is to use metal fiber winding, cold pressing and densification treatment, and then high temperature sintering to obtain a metal fiber porous material. Although this method obtains porous materials with controllable porosity, the molds usually used are relatively simple. If metal porous materials with different porosities are to be prepared, repeated sintering is required many times. This will cause a significant increase in material manufacturing costs, large energy consumption, and time-consuming and labor-intensive.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明为解决现有金属纤维多孔材料的制备方法,在制备不同气孔率的金属多孔材料时,要反复烧结多次,存在能源消耗大且浪费时间的问题,而提出一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法。The present invention solves the problem of large energy consumption and time-wasting problems in the preparation of metal porous materials with different porosities when preparing porous metal materials with different porosities, and proposes a Controllable sintering method of metal fiber porous material.

本发明方法采用金属纤维多孔材料烧结模具包括:外套2、上压头1、下压头6、内套5以及压柱块组合构件,外套2为具有一定壁厚的圆筒;上压头1是一个与外套2内径相匹配的圆柱体;下压头6为同轴的三段圆柱体构成,上圆柱的直径与外套2内径相匹配,中圆柱的直径与外套2外径相等,三段圆柱中下圆柱的直径最小;内套5为带有通孔的圆柱体,其外径与外套2的内径相匹配;压柱块组合构件包括上压柱块3和下压柱块7两组,每组压柱块均为圆柱体,上压柱块3、下压柱块7的个数与内套5上通孔的个数的相同,其直径与内套5上通孔的直径匹配,上压柱块3、下压柱块7的长度可因需要改变。The method of the present invention adopts the sintering mold of metal fiber porous material to include: an outer cover 2, an upper pressing head 1, a lower pressing head 6, an inner sleeve 5 and a combination member of a pressing column block, the outer covering 2 is a cylinder with a certain wall thickness; the upper pressing head 1 It is a cylinder matching the inner diameter of the jacket 2; the lower pressure head 6 is composed of three coaxial cylinders, the diameter of the upper cylinder matches the inner diameter of the jacket 2, the diameter of the middle cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the jacket 2, and the three sections The diameter of the lower cylinder in the cylinder is the smallest; the inner sleeve 5 is a cylinder with a through hole, and its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2; , each group of pressure columns is cylindrical, the number of upper pressure columns 3 and lower pressure columns 7 is the same as the number of through holes on the inner sleeve 5, and their diameter matches the diameter of the through holes on the inner sleeve 5 , The length of the upper pressure column block 3 and the lower pressure column block 7 can be changed as required.

所述模具的材质为高强度石墨、连续编织碳纤维增强的氮化硅、碳化硅或氧化铝;The material of the mold is high-strength graphite, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide reinforced by continuous braided carbon fibers;

所述内套5上的通孔按中心对称分布,设计成5孔、9孔、17孔或33孔;The through holes on the inner sleeve 5 are symmetrically distributed according to the center, and are designed as 5 holes, 9 holes, 17 holes or 33 holes;

所述内套5上的通孔的轴线方向与内套5轴线方向的夹角成1~2°;The angle between the axial direction of the through hole on the inner sleeve 5 and the axial direction of the inner sleeve 5 is 1-2°;

所述外套2与下压头6在装配时,采用过盈配合方式;The overcoat 2 and the lower pressure head 6 are assembled in an interference fit manner;

所述外套2的壁厚为30~40mm,内套5上通孔的长度尺寸为10~50mm;The wall thickness of the outer jacket 2 is 30-40mm, and the length of the through hole on the inner jacket 5 is 10-50mm;

所述下压头6的下圆柱直径与加压台上卡槽的内径相匹配;The diameter of the lower cylinder of the lower pressing head 6 matches the inner diameter of the clamping groove on the pressing table;

所述外套2的外径为170~180mm,外套2的内径为100~110mm;The outer diameter of the jacket 2 is 170-180mm, and the inner diameter of the jacket 2 is 100-110mm;

所述内套5的高度为110~120mm,上压柱块3、下压柱块7的高度为5~30mm。The height of the inner sleeve 5 is 110-120 mm, and the height of the upper pressing column block 3 and the lower pressing column block 7 is 5-30 mm.

一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,按以下步骤进行:A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with interpenetration and controllable porosity, which is carried out according to the following steps:

步骤一、将金属纤维先进行螺旋缠绕处理后,再进行折叠编织冷压处理,最终n个得到直径与内套上通孔的直径相等的圆柱形多孔材料预制块4;Step 1. After the metal fibers are helically wound first, then folded, braided and cold-pressed, finally n pieces of cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks 4 with a diameter equal to the diameter of the through hole on the inner sleeve are obtained;

步骤二、将步骤一得到的n个圆柱形多孔材料预制块4,夹在上压柱块3、下压柱块7之间,竖直放置在内套5上的通孔内,所述上压柱块3、下压柱块7和多孔材料预制块4的总高度超出内套5高度的1/5~1/3;Step 2. The n cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks 4 obtained in step 1 are sandwiched between the upper pressing column block 3 and the lower pressing column block 7, and placed vertically in the through hole on the inner sleeve 5. The total height of the pressing column block 3, the lower pressing column block 7 and the porous material prefabricated block 4 exceeds 1/5-1/3 of the height of the inner sleeve 5;

步骤三、同时向金属纤维多孔材料烧结模具的上压头1、下压头6施加压力,压力范围:0.1~10t;作用时间为0.5~1.2h;Step 3. Simultaneously apply pressure to the upper pressure head 1 and the lower pressure head 6 of the metal fiber porous material sintering mold, the pressure range: 0.1-10t; the action time is 0.5-1.2h;

步骤四、对多孔材料预制块4施加压力后在气体保护下加热烧结0.5~2h;Step 4, applying pressure to the porous material prefabricated block 4 and heating and sintering under gas protection for 0.5-2 hours;

步骤五、降到室温后,同时得到不同孔隙率的金属纤维多孔材料。Step 5. After cooling down to room temperature, metal fiber porous materials with different porosities are obtained at the same time.

本发明包括以下有益效果:The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:

1、采用本发明所述方法在一次烧结过程中,可制备出不同孔隙率的金属多孔材料,既能节约时间,又能节省能源;1. Metal porous materials with different porosities can be prepared in one sintering process by adopting the method of the present invention, which can save time and energy;

2、采用本发明所述方法可制造大直径的金属纤维多孔材料;2. The metal fiber porous material with large diameter can be manufactured by adopting the method of the present invention;

3、采用本发明所述方法制备出金属多孔材料,孔隙率可精确控制,孔隙率控制范围为30~80%,通孔率可达到100%。3. The metal porous material is prepared by the method of the present invention, the porosity can be precisely controlled, the porosity control range is 30-80%, and the through-porosity can reach 100%.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本方法所使用的金属纤维多孔材料烧结用模具整体装配结构图;Fig. 1 is the overall assembly structure diagram of the mold used for the sintering of metal fiber porous material used in this method;

其中,1为上压头,2为外套,3为上压柱块,4为多孔材料预制件,5为内套,6为下压头,7为下压柱块。Among them, 1 is an upper pressing head, 2 is an outer jacket, 3 is an upper pressing column block, 4 is a porous material prefabricated part, 5 is an inner sleeve, 6 is a lower pressing head, and 7 is a lower pressing column block.

图2为内套的俯视图;Figure 2 is a top view of the inner sleeve;

图3为内套A-A面的剖面图。Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the A-A surface of the inner sleeve.

具体实施方式detailed description

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合图1至图3和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 3 and specific embodiments.

具体实施方式一、本实施方式所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,涉及的金属纤维多孔材料烧结模具包括:外套2、上压头1、下压头6、内套5以及压柱块组合构件,外套2为具有一定壁厚的圆筒;上压头1是一个与外套2内径相匹配的圆柱体;下压头6为同轴的三段圆柱体构成,上圆柱的直径与外套2内径相匹配,中圆柱的直径与外套2外径相等,三段圆柱中下圆柱的直径最小;内套5为带有通孔的圆柱体,其外径与外套2的内径相匹配;压柱块组合构件包括上压柱块3和下压柱块7两组,每组压柱块均为圆柱体,上压柱块3、下压柱块7的个数与内套5上通孔的个数的相同,其直径与内套5上通孔的直径匹配,上压柱块3、下压柱块7的长度可因需要改变。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 1. In this embodiment, a porous metal fiber porous material sintering method with controllable porosity described in this embodiment, involves a sintering mold for a porous metal fiber material comprising: a casing 2, an upper pressing head 1, and a lower pressing head 6 , the inner sleeve 5 and the combined member of the pressure column block, the outer sleeve 2 is a cylinder with a certain wall thickness; the upper pressing head 1 is a cylinder matching the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2; the lower pressing head 6 is a coaxial three-section cylinder The diameter of the upper cylinder matches the inner diameter of the outer cover 2, the diameter of the middle cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the outer cover 2, and the diameter of the lower cylinder is the smallest among the three sections of cylinders; the inner sleeve 5 is a cylinder with a through hole, and its outer diameter is the same as The inner diameters of the jacket 2 are matched; the combined member of the pressure column block includes two groups of the upper pressure column block 3 and the lower pressure column block 7, each group of pressure column blocks is a cylinder, and the upper pressure column block 3 and the lower pressure column block 7 Number is identical with the number of the through hole on the inner cover 5, and its diameter matches the diameter of the through hole on the inner cover 5, and the length of the upper pressure column block 3 and the lower pressure column block 7 can be changed as required.

所述模具的材质为高强度石墨、连续编织碳纤维增强的氮化硅、碳化硅或氧化铝;The material of the mold is high-strength graphite, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide reinforced by continuous braided carbon fibers;

所述内套5上的通孔按中心对称分布,设计成5孔、9孔、17孔或33孔;The through holes on the inner sleeve 5 are symmetrically distributed according to the center, and are designed as 5 holes, 9 holes, 17 holes or 33 holes;

所述内套5上的通孔的轴线方向与内套5轴线方向的夹角成1~2°;The angle between the axial direction of the through hole on the inner sleeve 5 and the axial direction of the inner sleeve 5 is 1-2°;

所述外套2与下压头6在装配时,采用过盈配合方式;The overcoat 2 and the lower pressure head 6 are assembled in an interference fit manner;

所述外套2的壁厚为30~40mm,内套5上通孔的长度尺寸为10~50mm;The wall thickness of the outer jacket 2 is 30-40mm, and the length of the through hole on the inner jacket 5 is 10-50mm;

所述下压头6的下圆柱直径与加压台上卡槽的内径相匹配;The diameter of the lower cylinder of the lower pressing head 6 matches the inner diameter of the clamping groove on the pressing table;

所述外套2的外径为170~180mm,外套2的内径为100~110mm;The outer diameter of the jacket 2 is 170-180mm, and the inner diameter of the jacket 2 is 100-110mm;

所述内套5的高度为110~120mm,上压柱块3、下压柱块7的高度为5~30mm,见图1至图3。The height of the inner sleeve 5 is 110-120 mm, and the height of the upper pressing column block 3 and the lower pressing column block 7 is 5-30 mm, see Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 .

一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,按以下步骤进行:A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with interpenetration and controllable porosity, which is carried out according to the following steps:

步骤一、将金属纤维先进行螺旋缠绕处理后,再进行折叠编织冷压处理,最终n个得到直径与内套上通孔的直径相等的圆柱形多孔材料预制块4;Step 1. After the metal fibers are helically wound first, then folded, braided and cold-pressed, finally n pieces of cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks 4 with a diameter equal to the diameter of the through hole on the inner sleeve are obtained;

步骤二、将步骤一得到的n个圆柱形多孔材料预制块4,夹在上压柱块3、下压柱块7之间,竖直放置在内套5上的通孔内,所述上压柱块3、下压柱块7和多孔材料预制块4的总高度超出内套5高度的1/5~1/3;Step 2. The n cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks 4 obtained in step 1 are sandwiched between the upper pressing column block 3 and the lower pressing column block 7, and placed vertically in the through hole on the inner sleeve 5. The total height of the pressing column block 3, the lower pressing column block 7 and the porous material prefabricated block 4 exceeds 1/5-1/3 of the height of the inner sleeve 5;

步骤三、同时向金属纤维多孔材料烧结模具的上压头1、下压头6施加压力,压力范围:0.1~10t;作用时间为0.5~1.2h;Step 3. Simultaneously apply pressure to the upper pressure head 1 and the lower pressure head 6 of the metal fiber porous material sintering mold, the pressure range: 0.1-10t; the action time is 0.5-1.2h;

步骤四、对多孔材料预制块4施加压力后在气体保护下加热烧结0.5~2h;Step 4, applying pressure to the porous material prefabricated block 4 and heating and sintering under gas protection for 0.5-2 hours;

步骤五、降到室温后,同时得到不同孔隙率的金属纤维多孔材料。Step 5. After cooling down to room temperature, metal fiber porous materials with different porosities are obtained at the same time.

本实施方式包括以下有益效果:This embodiment includes the following beneficial effects:

1、采用本实施方式所述方法在一次烧结过程中,可制备出不同孔隙率的金属多孔材料,既能节约时间,又能节省能源;1. Metal porous materials with different porosities can be prepared in one sintering process by using the method described in this embodiment, which can save time and energy;

2、采用本实施方式所述方法可制造大直径的金属纤维多孔材料;2. The method described in this embodiment can be used to manufacture large-diameter metal fiber porous materials;

3、采用本实施方式所述方法制备出金属多孔材料,孔隙率可精确控制,孔隙率控制范围为30~80%,通孔率可达到100%。3. The metal porous material is prepared by the method described in this embodiment, the porosity can be precisely controlled, the porosity control range is 30-80%, and the through-porosity can reach 100%.

具体实施方式二、本实施方式是对具体实施方式一所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法的进一步说明,步骤一中所述的金属纤维为铝纤维、不锈钢纤维、铁铬铝合金纤维、钛合金纤维、钼纤维或铜纤维,n的取值范围:2≤n≤33,冷压处理时压力范围:0.1~1t。Specific embodiment 2. This embodiment is a further description of the sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with a permeability and controllable porosity described in the specific embodiment 1. The metal fiber described in step 1 is aluminum fiber, stainless steel Fiber, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy fiber, titanium alloy fiber, molybdenum fiber or copper fiber, the value range of n: 2≤n≤33, the pressure range during cold pressing: 0.1~1t.

具体实施方式三、本实施方式是对具体实施方式一或二所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法的进一步说明,步骤二中所述上压柱块3、下压柱块7和内套5上通孔之间涂覆保护性涂料:氮化硼或二硅化钼。Specific Embodiment 3. This embodiment is a further description of the sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with permeability and controllable porosity described in Embodiment 1 or 2. In step 2, the upper pressing column block 3, Protective paint is coated between the pressing column block 7 and the upper through hole of the inner sleeve 5: boron nitride or molybdenum disilicide.

具体实施方式四、本实施方式是对具体实施方式一至三之一所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法的进一步说明,步骤三中所述加压时,下压头6位置固定,上压头1向下移动。Specific Embodiment 4. This embodiment is a further description of the sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with permeability and controllable porosity described in one of specific embodiments 1 to 3. When pressurizing in step 3, the following The position of the pressure head 6 is fixed, and the upper pressure head 1 moves downward.

具体实施方式五、本实施方式是对具体实施方式一至四之一所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法的进一步说明,步骤四中所述气体为氩气、氢气或氮气。Specific Embodiment 5. This embodiment is a further description of the sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with penetration and controllable porosity described in one of specific embodiments 1 to 4. The gas described in step 4 is argon, hydrogen or nitrogen.

具体实施方式六、本实施方式是对具体实施方式一至五之一所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法的进一步说明,步骤五中所述室温为20~30℃。Specific Embodiment 6. This embodiment is a further description of the sintering method of a metal fiber porous material with penetration and controllable porosity described in one of specific embodiments 1 to 5. The room temperature in step 5 is 20-30 ℃.

为验证本发明的有益效果,作如下实验:For verifying beneficial effect of the present invention, do following experiment:

用钛纤维作为原料,使用本发明所述的模具烧结钛纤维多孔材料,同时制备出5组,每组3件,不同气孔率的钛纤维多孔材料,经检测实验得到的钛纤维多孔材料,孔隙尺寸为200~700μm,孔隙率为50%~60%,压缩屈服强度为160~220MPa,弹性模量为3.8~4.2Gpa,具有独特的三维贯通孔结构,开孔率为100%,贯通尺寸、孔隙尺寸和孔结构完全满足作为生物医学材料植入体的性能要求。Using titanium fiber as raw material, using the mold of the present invention to sinter the titanium fiber porous material, simultaneously prepare 5 groups, each group of 3 pieces, titanium fiber porous material with different porosity, the titanium fiber porous material obtained through the detection experiment, the porosity The size is 200-700μm, the porosity is 50%-60%, the compressive yield strength is 160-220MPa, and the elastic modulus is 3.8-4.2Gpa. It has a unique three-dimensional through-hole structure with a porosity of 100%. The pore size and pore structure fully meet the performance requirements for implants of biomedical materials.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese
1.一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,所述方法采用金属纤维多孔材料烧结模来实现,其主要包括外套(2)、上压头(1)、下压头(6)、内套(5)以及压柱块组合构件,外套(2)为具有一定壁厚的圆筒;上压头(1)是一个与外套(2)内径相匹配的圆柱体;下压头(6)为同轴的三段圆柱体构成,上圆柱的直径与外套(2)内径相匹配,中圆柱的直径与外套(2)外径相等,三段圆柱中下圆柱的直径最小;内套(5)为带有通孔的圆柱体,其外径与外套(2)的内径相匹配;压柱块组合构件包括上压柱块(3)和下压柱块(7)两组,每组压柱块均为圆柱体,上压柱块(3)、下压柱块(7)的个数与内套(5)上通孔的个数的相同,其直径与内套(5)上通孔的直径匹配,上压柱块(3)、下压柱块(7)的长度可因需要改变;1. A metal fiber porous material sintering method with a permeable and controllable porosity, said method is realized by using a metal fiber porous material sintering mold, which mainly includes an overcoat (2), an upper pressing head (1), and a lower pressing head (6), the inner sleeve (5) and the combined member of the pressure column block, the outer sleeve (2) is a cylinder with a certain wall thickness; the upper pressure head (1) is a cylinder that matches the inner diameter of the outer sleeve (2); The indenter (6) is composed of three coaxial cylinders, the diameter of the upper cylinder matches the inner diameter of the jacket (2), the diameter of the middle cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the jacket (2), and the diameter of the lower cylinder is the smallest among the three cylinders ; The inner sleeve (5) is a cylinder with a through hole, and its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the overcoat (2); Group, each group of pressing column blocks is a cylinder, the number of the upper pressing column block (3) and the lower pressing column block (7) is the same as the number of through holes on the inner sleeve (5), and its diameter is the same as that of the inner sleeve (5) The diameter of the upper through hole is matched, and the length of the upper pressing column block (3) and the lower pressing column block (7) can be changed as required;所述模具的材质为高强度石墨、连续编织碳纤维增强的氮化硅、碳化硅或氧化铝;The material of the mold is high-strength graphite, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide reinforced by continuous braided carbon fibers;所述内套(5)上的通孔按中心对称分布,设计成5孔、9孔、17孔或33孔;The through holes on the inner sleeve (5) are symmetrically distributed according to the center, and are designed to be 5 holes, 9 holes, 17 holes or 33 holes;所述内套(5)上的通孔的轴线方向与内套(5)轴线方向的夹角成1~2°;The angle between the axial direction of the through hole on the inner sleeve (5) and the axial direction of the inner sleeve (5) is 1-2°;所述外套(2)与下压头(6)在装配时,采用过盈配合方式;The overcoat (2) and the lower pressure head (6) are assembled in an interference fit manner;所述外套(2)的壁厚为30~40mm,内套(5)上通孔的长度尺寸为10~50mm;The wall thickness of the outer jacket (2) is 30-40mm, and the length of the through hole on the inner jacket (5) is 10-50mm;所述下压头(6)的下圆柱直径与加压台上卡槽的内径相匹配;The diameter of the lower cylinder of the lower pressing head (6) matches the inner diameter of the clamping groove on the pressing table;所述外套(2)的外径为170~180mm,外套(2)的内径为100~110mm;The outer diameter of the jacket (2) is 170-180mm, and the inner diameter of the jacket (2) is 100-110mm;所述内套(5)的高度为110~120mm,上压柱块(3)、下压柱块(7)的高度为5~30mm;The height of the inner sleeve (5) is 110-120 mm, and the height of the upper pressing column block (3) and the lower pressing column block (7) is 5-30 mm;其特征在于所述方法是按以下步骤进行的:It is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:步骤一、将金属纤维先进行螺旋缠绕处理后,再进行折叠编织冷压处理,最终n个得到直径与内套上通孔的直径相等的圆柱形多孔材料预制块(4);Step 1. After the metal fibers are spirally wound first, then folded, braided and cold-pressed, finally n pieces of cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks (4) with a diameter equal to the diameter of the through hole on the inner sleeve are obtained;步骤二、将步骤一得到的n个圆柱形多孔材料预制块(4),夹在上、下压柱块之间,竖直放置在内套(5)上的通孔内,所述上压柱块(3)、下压柱块(7)和多孔材料预制块(4)的总高度超出内套(5)高度的1/5~1/3;Step 2. The n cylindrical porous material prefabricated blocks (4) obtained in step 1 are sandwiched between the upper and lower pressure column blocks, and placed vertically in the through holes on the inner sleeve (5). The total height of the column block (3), the pressing column block (7) and the porous material prefabricated block (4) exceeds 1/5-1/3 of the height of the inner sleeve (5);步骤三、同时向金属纤维多孔材料烧结模具的上压头(1)、下压头(6)施加压力,压力范围:0.1~10t;作用时间为0.5~1.2h;Step 3. Simultaneously apply pressure to the upper pressure head (1) and the lower pressure head (6) of the metal fiber porous material sintering mold, the pressure range: 0.1-10t; the action time is 0.5-1.2h;步骤四、对多孔材料预制块施加压力后在气体保护下加热烧结0.5~2h;Step 4, applying pressure to the porous material prefabricated block and heating and sintering under gas protection for 0.5 to 2 hours;步骤五、降到室温后,同时得到不同孔隙率的金属纤维多孔材料。Step 5. After cooling down to room temperature, metal fiber porous materials with different porosities are obtained at the same time.2.如权利要求1所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,其特征在于步骤一中所述的金属纤维为铝纤维、不锈钢纤维、铁铬铝合金纤维、钛合金纤维、钼纤维或铜纤维,n的取值范围:2≤n≤33,冷压处理时压力范围:0.1~1t。2. A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with penetration and controllable porosity as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the metal fibers described in step 1 are aluminum fibers, stainless steel fibers, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy fibers, Titanium alloy fiber, molybdenum fiber or copper fiber, the value range of n: 2≤n≤33, the pressure range during cold pressing: 0.1~1t.3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,其特征在于步骤二中所述上压柱块(3)、下压柱块(7)和内套(5)上通孔之间涂覆保护性涂料:氮化硼或二硅化钼。3. A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with penetration and controllable porosity as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper pressing column block (3) and the lower pressing column block (7) are described in step 2. ) and the through hole on the inner sleeve (5) are coated with protective paint: boron nitride or molybdenum disilicide.4.如权利要求3所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,其特征在于步骤三中所述加压时,下压头(6)位置固定,上压头(1)向下移动。4. A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with penetration and controllable porosity as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that when pressurizing in step 3, the position of the lower pressing head (6) is fixed, and the upper pressing head (1) Move down.5.如权利要求4所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,其特征在于步骤四中所述气体为氩气、氢气或氮气。5. A method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with penetration and controllable porosity as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the gas in step 4 is argon, hydrogen or nitrogen.6.如权利要求5所述的一种贯通性且孔隙率可控的金属纤维多孔材料烧结方法,其特征在于步骤五中所述室温为20~30℃。6 . The method for sintering metal fiber porous materials with penetration and controllable porosity as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the room temperature in step 5 is 20-30° C.
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