Opportunistic communication pattern multilist data acquisition and control methodTechnical field
The invention belongs to wireless sensor data collection and control technical field, more specifically saying, relating to energy consumption measure data, the method for the remote collection of any categorical data and non real-time control in water power hot air heating four table.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of social economy and technology, energy-conserving and environment-protective become the necessary theory that social sustainable development is inherent.Automatically gathering, report and controlling for energy consumption data, is the prerequisite technical guarantee condition realizing green energy conservation.This requires for Protean application scenarios, such as zones of different environment such as city, suburb, rural area, pastoral areas, the different geographical conditions such as Plain, hills, mountain area, plateau, built on stilts, ground, inferior different spatial, the data with the water power hot air heating meter terminal node of the features such as large number of, widely distributed, density imbalance effectively can be gathered, and implement to control reliably.
Analyze existing three tables or four table long-distance meter-reading systems, substantially have so several form:
1) prepaid billing mode: user's pre-paying, consumption is deducted fees by terminal table by default valuation strategy, and expense zero then stops service.This pattern connects without network, i.e. complete off-line operation, to be so no matter supplier or knows current surplus with being difficult to per family, and the consuming behavior of the resources such as water, electricity, gas, heat cannot be followed the tracks of by user；The pricing strategy of operator cannot dynamically adjust；Off-line system there is also certain hidden danger in safety simultaneously.
2) short-distance radio is checked meter pattern: patrolled and examined the terminal of all administrations with some cycles by professional service staff, by the wireless reading user data of hand-hold meter reading terminal；These data upload to vendor server, collect corresponding service fee by the cycle to user.This method is equally possible is considered as off-line mode, simply have employed short-distance wireless transmission technology in data acquisition link, as adopted the wireless transmitting-receiving equipments of open frequency range 433MHz/488MHz/2.4GHz etc. between measuring terminal and handheld terminal.So it has outside the shortcoming of offline mode, how being effectively taking place energy consumption to control to become another distinct issues: a large amount of measuring terminals need to rely on battery and power to realize radio meter register, corresponding time, wireless coverage etc. are all and extend the requirement that battery is runed counter to.
3) operator covers pattern of checking meter: utilize telecommunication carrier networks, such as note SMS, GPRS/3G/4G etc., embedded this kind of wireless communication module in measuring terminal, it is achieved completely online wireless remote is sent a duplicate to；And for centralized automatic meter-reading, such as building Multilevel user centralized automatic meter-reading comparatively general at present, then partial wideband Ethernet can be utilized, it is achieved wired remote is checked meter.Certainly, line model overcomes the problems of off-line mode, brings the chance of substantial amounts of enforcement energy-conserving and environment-protective technology for supplier and user.But utilize telecommunications or broadband carrier network to be involved in the operating cost problem in later stage, and managing power consumption will be brought very big negative effect by the instability of data network (such as adjustment, maintenance, upgrading etc.)；And at technical elements, telecom operators' wireless network exists the problems such as covering dead angle (such as remote districts, basement etc.), the power consumption control of wireless terminal and battery life to be also difficult to solve.
4) electric lines of force modem transmission mode: power line carrier data transmission technology is comparatively ripe at present, carry out collection of continuous data with it and to control the transmission of data be a rational selection at least for electricity Terminal Type, but other kinds of terminal (water, gas, warm etc.) inapplicable.But the power grid environment of China is complex, pollute comparatively serious so that in a lot of situations, the reliability of communication is relatively low；The restriction of transformator cannot be crossed over so that the network architecture must adopt multilevel hierarchy, and trouble point is many, and reliability declines further；Last do not popularize due to this technology, and then cause terminal cost to compare other technologies and remain high.
5) Smart Home pattern: all families measuring terminal being accessed home network, utilizes domestic broadband network to realize the remote transmission of energy consumption data, the program is very attractive in the long run.Connection from terminal to home gateway, it is possible to be the various ways such as Zigbee, bluetooth, WiFi be even wired, is secure in transmission q&r etc..But its precondition is all families all achieves reliable broadband access, and home gateway can stably access all types of measuring terminal, the problems such as the unification in addition with standard, and these prerequisite are not all accessible in a short time, therefore wouldn't this be thoroughly discussed.
In known multiple measuring terminal and data collecting system, the automaticity of power system is higher.We are for the collection of information about power, State Grid Corporation of China promulgated " Q/GDW382-2009 adapted electric automation fire protection technology " in 2009, communication subsystem in adapted electric automation system is proposed specific requirement, point out that Access Layer communication network answers treatment in accordance with local conditions, can comprehensively adopt the communications such as optical fiber private network, distribution line carrier, wireless private network and wireless public network, these modes need to be supported to be uniformly accessed into, unified interface specification and unified management, supports Ethernet and standardized serial communication interface.Thereafter promulgate after revised in 2013 in " power user power consumption information acquisition system Guidance Rule: Technical Design directive/guide ", the telecommunication system of power user power consumption information acquisition system is proposed specific requirement: telecommunications network completes the data transmission communication function between main station system and on-site terminal, on-site terminal (arrives several hundred kilometers scope one) generally farther out to the distance of main website, telecommunications network suitable in power information acquisition system mainly has distribution optical fiber private network, GPRS, CDMA, the wireless public networks such as 3G, 230MHz load management private radio private network, medium voltage power line carrier wave these four network, main website can support various communication channel type simultaneously.Guo Wang company also highlights 4 problems especially and need to pay special attention to:
(1) performance meets service application and requires: according to the data volume of system communication and communication bandwidth and communication reliability, it is ensured that complete the data acquisition of a large number of users and the requirement of the management of power use, the reliable and stable degree of channel and information security etc. within the time needed.
(2) this area environmental requirement is adapted to: the adaptability, particularly radio communication of area geographical relief environment more to consider this problem.
(3) construction cost and operation and maintenance cost: consider overall economic efficiency and the input-output ratio of the communication network development, the operation and maintenance expenses in long-term operation maintenance intermediate demand expenditure are used.
(4) communication network development cycle and quantities: can construction work amount and the construction period that will build communication network needs completely meet the schedule requirement that power information acquisition system is overall.
National grid correlation technique analyzed it is found that above given existing solution covers all feasible with possible technological means substantially in end side, even if so also remaining some defects that cannot overcome in multiple links.
In order to build a low cost, low complex degree and highly reliable energy consumption data acquisition and control system, consider aforesaid 4 requirements fully except needs, also have the factor of some technical elements also to must take into.
First, measuring terminal is the need of strict real-time online.From information itself, the data such as such as power consumption, water, gas, warm etc. consumption, for supplier (Utilities Electric Co., Running-water Company etc.), it is worth major embodiment long-term characterization wherein, such as the use habit of user, statistical nature etc.；User (collective, family, individual etc.) is then more paid close attention to the consumption adjustment of expense and energy-conservation/saving expense.And in terminal, implement the valuation operation such as Developing Tactics, unlatching/termination service, also there is no extremely strict time requirement, then can have a certain amount of credit line such as expense deficiency, to support that user renews expense, now expense zero is poor if having time with the action terminating servicing.It is therefore contemplated that all terminals only need " can be online " or " accurate online ".
Secondly, it is easy to use whether measuring terminal is easily installed.At erection stage without considering the factor such as line quality, wireless coverage, put in place can come into operation as long as terminal is installed；Link is being used to get involved without full-time staff, can automatically and complete data interaction between vendor server.Therefore wireless noncontact is first-selected communication mode, and in order to extend end cell service life, wireless power need to strictly control, and namely adopts Micro Energy Lose short-distance wireless communication.
Again, measuring terminal data update the relatedness with user.Significantly, all of consumption is all around the activity of people and produces, and all energy consumptions are all served the people in other words, the frequency that therefore measuring terminal data update, the i.e. change of water power hot air heating use amount, is positive correlation with terminal use's frequent activity degree near this terminal.For family, its water, electricity and gas consumption of the apartment have a large population, hung up one's hat compares the few and vacant for a long time apartment of population for many, and data update also more frequent；And the object of data acquisition and control, the data having renewal are just valuable, therefore can manage noninductively to get involved in measurement data acquisition and control process so that user.
Based on considerations above, (Ministry of Industry and Information's statistical data in May, 2014 shows to simultaneously take account of cellphone subscriber in the whole world and China's intelligent mobile terminal a large amount of universal, China's cellphone subscriber's quantity has reached 12.56 hundred million people, account for the 90.8% of total population ratio), we have invented one utilizes smart mobile phone as transit node, with the networking form of a kind of totally flatization, and then realize the information interactive mode of opportunistic communication between measuring terminal and vendor server.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the networking form of a kind of flattening, realize the quasi-online communication between measuring terminal and server with smart mobile phone for intermediate node.It is simple that this opportunistic communication pattern has network structure, it is not necessary to additional infrastructure (private network and equipment) is supported, lower deployment cost is cheap；Intervention interaction that user is noninductive, easy-to-use and learning cost is low, excitation user controls the energy consumption expense of oneself at any time, without covering dead angle；Information precise acquisition, increment is mutual, saves network overhead, reduces the data channel cost of supplier data acquisition and terminal control；High resiliency system, can derive a large amount of high added value service；Technology independence is strong, it is adaptable to multiple energy consumption measure information mutual, meets management and the O&M trend of following multiple-in-one.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides one and utilizes smart mobile phone for intermediate node, it is achieved opportunistic communication the mutual method of the information that completes between measuring terminal and vendor server.It is characterized in that, system physically by intelligent metering terminal module, installation and run the smart mobile phone of measuring software program, vendor server three part of having run service-specific software is constituted, include the data acquisition unit of measuring terminal side, secure processing units, low-consumption wireless communication unit in logic, the wireless communication unit of mobile phone side, data temporary storage location, telecommunication unit, man-machine interaction unit, and the telecommunication unit of server side, data storage cell, service rendering units.For reaching goal of the invention, need to comprise the following steps:
(1) measuring terminal realizes the function of data acquisition unit, and longtime running is on-the-spot in user, acquisition and recording user's energy consumption usage data, and is retained in this locality successively by acquisition time；The display at the scene of the data of these collections, is the current cumulative volume information of energy consumption such as water power hot air heating, and user cannot directly read over the consumption of certain time point；These gather data and are encrypted by secure processing units, wait that appropriate chance is delivered to vendor server；
(2) the low-consumption wireless communication unit of measuring terminal side, it is possible to adopt the communication standard that two kinds of mobile phones are generally supported, WiFi or bluetooth, realizes the communication with user mobile phone at user scene, and the data being about to encryption are delivered to mobile phone；User mobile phone is provided with measuring software (App) and opens operation；
(2.1) measuring terminal side wireless communication unit runs on periodic broadcasting pattern, and wake-up period can be weighed the factors such as battery capacity, power consumption control and response speed and arrange flexibly；The wireless coverage of this wireless communication unit can taper to only small, such as 10 meters, is so possible not only to reduce the power consumption of this unit, extends battery, and reduces the interference to other wireless devices, and avoids measuring terminal leaking data；
(2.2) user mobile phone moves near measuring terminal, need to carry out simply arranging when using first:
(2.2.1) using bluetooth, need to complete the pairing of measuring terminal side bluetooth and Bluetooth of mobile phone, being typically in the specific PIN code that on mobile phone, input is printed on measuring terminal can complete；
(2.2.2) WiFi is used, it is necessary to mobile phone joins the access point that measuring terminal side wireless communication unit is set up, i.e. AP；Network name SSID and access pin can be printed on measuring terminal equally；
(2.2.3) no matter which kind of connected mode above-mentioned, can measure in App at mobile phone and be more simply completed by the mode of scanning Quick Response Code, be converted to Quick Response Code by information needed and be printed on measuring terminal, mobile phone A pp is automatically performed and connects configuration accordingly after calling photographic head picked-up Quick Response Code；
(2.3) aforementioned initial configuration process need to carry out when only mounting measuring terminal for single mobile phone first, is changed without mobile phone as long as follow-up, then can realize automatically noninductive communication connection near measuring terminal when user mobile phone moves to；Single metering terminal can set up matching relationship with multiple mobile phones, it means that measuring terminal obtains more data interaction chance；
(2.4) measuring terminal with user mobile phone once set up two-way communication and being connected, mobile phone measures App and is recorded the last moment of current measuring terminal data according to vendor server, sending incremental data to measuring terminal more newly requested, wherein the acquisition of server data last moment is from step (3.3)；The data that server lacks are sent to user mobile phone according to more newly requested by measuring terminal；This continuous data is encryption, and mobile phone metering App cannot directly read, and prevents the leakage of user's energy consumption data with this；
(2.5) if vendor server has control instruction need to be sent to measuring terminal, then the control data being temporarily stored in user mobile phone being sent to measuring terminal, wherein the acquisition of server controls data is from step (3.2)；These control instructions are encryption equally, and mobile phone metering App cannot directly read, and prevents the intentional or unintentional abnormal operation of user with this；
(2.6) if user's field deployment has multiple measuring terminal, such as water power gas meter, then each measuring terminal needs to complete initial procedure with user mobile phone respectively；When user mobile phone moves near these measuring terminals, under the control of metering App, set up with these measuring terminals respectively and be connected, and obtain different types of encryption continuous data；
(3) the encryption continuous data that user mobile phone is acquired near measuring terminal is buffered in the data temporary storage location in mobile phone, and this process user is noninductive；Now user leaves the wireless coverage of measuring terminal, enter proper network overlay area, may be connected to the Internet by broadband access or 3G/4G, then mobile phone measures App and activates remote interaction unit, set up with the remote interaction unit in vendor server and be connected；
(3.1) the encryption continuous data in data temporary storage location is uploaded to vendor server by mobile phone terminal metering App；
(3.2) mobile phone terminal metering App obtains measuring terminal control data up-to-date, encryption from vendor server, is retained in the data temporary storage location in mobile phone, waits that mobile phone again moves into and is forwarded in measuring terminal near measuring terminal again；
(3.3) mobile phone terminal metering App when networking with certain rule, can periodically or non-periodically be connected to vendor server, obtains the up-to-date moment of continuous data in server, uploads the continuous data etc. of data temporary storage location；
(4) if user need to check the history status of energy consumption of oneself, statistical data, energy-saving expense suggestion etc., metering App application can be opened, activate man-machine interaction unit；This interactive unit is by the telecommunication unit of mobile phone terminal and server end, swap with the service rendering units in server, obtain the mobile phone metering scrutable user's energy consumption data of App and other kinds of service data, finally present to user with friendly interface；The concrete design measuring App is not belonging to present disclosure, can provide by supplier development according to continuous data type, user's request etc. completely；
(5) supplier can formulate some strategy, excitation user moves to and obtains continuous data upload server near measuring terminal, the time is updated as provided current data in the man-machine interaction unit of metering App, actively uploading the user of data, to give certain rate preferential etc., increase chance mutual between measuring terminal and server, improve the promptness that data update；Increasing the function of service rendering units, such as payment online, personalization Saving energy etc., attraction user uses metering App simultaneously.
The realization of the object of the invention, the probability of measuring terminal wireless coverage area is moved to mainly by user and smart mobile phone thereof, and the positive correlation between user's energy consumption data update frequency, the i.e. consumption of the resource such as water power hot air heating, and there is substantial connection between the frequent activity degree of people.For family, it is understood that the separate location such as the metering devices such as water power hot air heating are typically mounted at kitchen, defend, living balcony, these occasions often cannot obtain good home network WiFi and cover, even telecommunication public network 2G/3G/4G signal is also undesirable, but these people from positions/mobile phone can often arrive.Short distance low-consumption wireless when utilizing mobile phone to draw close with measuring terminal is connected, continuous data encryption is transferred in user mobile phone, then when mobile phone may be connected to the Internet, then data delivery will be encrypted to vendor server, the problems existed in existing long-distance meter-reading system can be solved.
Acquisition terminal type is not limited by the present invention, on the basis of existing metering device, and additional low power wireless communication unit, WiFi or bluetooth, can be attached with existing most smart mobile phones.Mobile phone once continuous data is transferred in user mobile phone, can again upload the data to vendor server when can be networked.These continuous datas are encryptions simultaneously, and user cannot directly understand, distort, and safety is secure.Angle is transmitted from information, what the present invention adopted is the network structure of totally flatization, data transmission double bounce between measuring terminal and vendor server, asynchronous can complete, eliminate Network infrastructure construction and deployment, the O&M/management cost of large amount of complex in existing solution completely.
The present invention is applied widely, even the measuring terminals such as industrial enterprise and personnel activity do not have the scene of close association, as long as staff carries is mounted with that the mobile phone of metering App moves near equipment, it is possible to asynchronous complete the mutual of bi-directional data information.Therefore, the present invention possesses good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that physical equipment of the present invention is constituted and information flow direction schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the essential information interaction figure between each logical block of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, in order to those skilled in the art is more fully understood that the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that, in the following description, when perhaps the detailed description of known function and design can desalinate the main contents of the present invention, these descriptions here will be left in the basket.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is that physical equipment of the present invention is constituted and information flow direction schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the essential information interaction figure between each logical block of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, it is assumed that user's measuring terminal is ammeter, record has the user power utilization information of a large amount of day part；Certain user's measuring terminal can be any kind of energy consumption measure equipment, only need it can provide effectively, the continuous data of temporally labelling, and can mount with measuring terminal side of the present invention low-consumption wireless wireless communication unit, as mounted low-power consumption WiFi module by standardized serial communication interface, the smooth enforcement of the present invention can be met.
Assume that user has been mounted with the metering App of certain supplier by applying the channels such as shop on mobile phone, such as Electro-metering App；And bound oneself unique account in Utilities Electric Co. by flow processs such as registrations.By the man-machine interaction unit of this App, it is possible to check the information such as the account balance of oneself, history electricity consumption situation, power consumption final updating time.The realization of these functions is to realize after mobile phone A pp obtains corresponding data by the Internet from Utilities Electric Co.'s server, it is necessary to mobile phone terminal man-machine interaction unit, telecommunication unit and server end telecommunication unit, data storage cell data base, service rendering units etc. are got involved.By this App, mobile phone record has in server to be preserved the final time of this electric supply meter continuous data.
After user's measuring terminal installation, wherein namely wireless communication unit starts working: most times in a dormant state, to save energy content of battery consumption, extend battery life；Activating with some cycles and outside broadcast beacon, notice network name SSID, the coverage of the wireless network access point AP that should be formed by measuring terminal is very little, such as 10 meters, to reduce energy content of battery consumption further.
User will be provided with the mobile phone of Electro-metering App near this ammeter, and the Quick Response Code read on ammeter by photographic head is rapidly completed network initial configuration, and the hereafter transfer of continuous data can complete when user is noninductive.Now it can be seen that the measuring terminal added, i.e. ammeter under the account of Electro-metering App oneself.
When user's carrying mobile phone is close to measuring terminal ammeter, being attached required network configuration with ammeter by low-power consumption WiFi owing to completing, therefore both can automatically set up connection under the effect of Electro-metering App.It is more newly requested that mobile phone sends, to ammeter, the incremental data comprising initial time, and all continuous datas later for this time point are then sent to user mobile phone by ammeter, and record is in the data temporary storage location of mobile phone.These data are encryptions, and user cannot understand.
After user's carrying mobile phone returns to the environment of networking, the server of Utilities Electric Co. is may be connected to by networks such as broadband WiFi, 2G/3G/4GLTE, as long as now electric-power metering App is not terminated, record ammeter information in data in mobile phone temporary storage location just can be sent to server by it.So when user opens this App next time, the power consumption seen is exactly up-to-date, and the final updating time is then the moment that previous ammeter acquired when ammeter gathers data.
This embodiment is not involved with more complicated situation, data interaction is carried out as being connected by bluetooth between measuring terminal with mobile phone, measuring terminal is controlled by supplier by mobile phone, user mobile phone binds multiple measuring terminals, single terminal connects multiple stage user mobile phone, the cipher mode of continuous data, the power consumption control etc. of measuring terminal wireless communication unit, exemplarily only give based on a simple special case in the covered plurality of application scenes of present invention.
Although above the illustrative detailed description of the invention of the present invention being described; so that those skilled in the art understand the present invention; it is to be understood that; the invention is not restricted to the scope of detailed description of the invention; to those skilled in the art; as long as various changes limit and in the spirit and scope of the present invention determined, these changes are apparent from, and all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept all at the row of protection in appended claim.