技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种轨道车辆，特别涉及一种无摇枕市域快线轨道车辆转向架，属于轨道车辆制造技术领域。The invention relates to a rail vehicle, in particular to a rail vehicle bogie for a city-area express line without bolsters, and belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle manufacturing.
背景技术Background technique
当前，我国各大城市在快速推进城市轨道交通系统建设的过程中，已将快速推进城市中心区轨道交通网络建设的目光向全市域轨道交通系统的规划建设扩展，并将其作为推进城市合理规划、推进城市均衡发展与建设的重要一环，为此具有载客量大、快速乘降、快起快停等特点的市域快线轨道车辆得到快速发展。在满足“大载客量、快起快停、快速乘降”的技术要求，如何进一步提高市域快线轨道车辆的运行速度、乘坐舒适性，满足市域运营需求，是现在市域快线轨道车辆研发的主要课题之一。其中，转向架为轨道车辆的走行部，是轨道车辆的主要部件之一，转向架由构架、一、二系悬挂装置、制动系统、牵引系统等组成，如何通过对转向架的整体结构及各参数进行合理优化，进而提高转向架的整体性能是主要的研发课题。At present, in the process of rapidly promoting the construction of urban rail transit systems in major cities in my country, they have expanded their vision of rapidly promoting the construction of rail transit networks in central urban areas to the planning and construction of urban rail transit systems, and regard it as a way to promote rational urban planning. , An important part of promoting the balanced development and construction of the city. For this reason, the urban express rail vehicles with the characteristics of large passenger capacity, fast boarding and landing, fast start and stop, etc. have been developed rapidly. In order to meet the technical requirements of "large passenger capacity, fast start and stop, and fast boarding and landing", how to further improve the running speed and ride comfort of the urban express rail vehicles to meet the needs of urban operation is the current research and development of urban express rail vehicles. one of the main subjects. Among them, the bogie is the running part of the rail vehicle and is one of the main components of the rail vehicle. The bogie is composed of a frame, a primary and secondary suspension device, a braking system, and a traction system. It is the main research and development subject to optimize each parameter rationally and improve the overall performance of the bogie.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明主要目的在于解决上述问题和不足，提供一种整体结构优化，可大幅度提高转向架整体结构性能的无摇枕市域快线轨道车辆转向架。The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and deficiencies, and to provide a bogie for rail vehicles with no bolsters in the urban express line with optimized overall structure, which can greatly improve the overall structural performance of the bogie.
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：For realizing the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种无摇枕市域快线轨道车辆转向架，包括构架、轮轴系统、牵引驱动系统、一系悬挂系统、二系悬挂系统及基础制动装置，所述构架为由侧梁、横梁及辅助纵梁组成的H型结构，所述牵引驱动系统包括齿轮箱、牵引电机及中央牵引装置，所述侧梁和辅助纵梁为箱形结构，所述横梁为无缝钢管，在所述侧梁的至少一端固定安装一水平梁，水平梁的两端分别通过水平梁安装座固定在所述侧梁上，在所述水平梁上集成安装有应答器天线、排障板及轮缘润滑器，所述中央牵引装置包括牵引销、牵引梁及Z字形双牵引拉杆，所述牵引销的顶部通过至少10个螺栓与车体固定连接，二系悬挂系统包括两个空气弹簧、两个抗蛇形减振器及抗侧滚扭杆，两个空气弹簧分别固定在两个所述侧梁上，每个所述空气弹簧连接一高度调整装置，两个抗蛇形减振器对称设置在两个所述侧梁的两侧，所述基础制动装置采用四个轮盘制动装置，四轮盘制动装置固定安装在对应的所述侧梁上。A rail vehicle bogie without a bolster for urban express lines, including a frame, an axle system, a traction drive system, a primary suspension system, a secondary suspension system, and a foundation braking device. The frame is composed of side beams, beams, and auxiliary longitudinal H-shaped structure composed of beams, the traction drive system includes a gearbox, a traction motor and a central traction device, the side beams and auxiliary longitudinal beams are box-shaped structures, and the cross beams are seamless steel pipes. At least one end is fixedly installed with a horizontal beam, and the two ends of the horizontal beam are respectively fixed on the side beam through the horizontal beam mounting seat, and the transponder antenna, the obstacle removal board and the wheel rim lubricator are integrated and installed on the horizontal beam. The central traction device includes a traction pin, a traction beam and a Z-shaped double traction rod. The top of the traction pin is fixedly connected to the vehicle body through at least 10 bolts. The secondary suspension system includes two air springs, two anti-snake absorbers vibrator and anti-roll torsion bar, two air springs are respectively fixed on the two side beams, each of the air springs is connected to a height adjustment device, two anti-snake shock absorbers are symmetrically arranged on the two On both sides of the side beams, the foundation braking device adopts four wheel disc brake devices, and the four wheel disc brake devices are fixedly installed on the corresponding side beams.
进一步，所述侧梁由上盖板、下盖板及两侧的腹板拼接焊接而成，所述侧梁的断面宽度优选为170-180mm，高度优选为300-310mm，所述上盖板的厚度≥12mm，所述下盖板的厚度≥12mm，所述腹板的厚度≥12mm。Further, the side beam is spliced and welded by the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the webs on both sides. The cross-sectional width of the side beam is preferably 170-180 mm, and the height is preferably 300-310 mm. The upper cover plate The thickness ≥ 12mm, the thickness of the lower cover plate ≥ 12mm, the thickness of the web ≥ 12mm.
进一步，所述水平梁安装座包括相互垂直的托板和底板，在所述托板和底板之间垂直固定至少一个立板，在所述立板上方固定一盖板，所述盖板的上下两端分别与底板和托板固定，所述水平梁的端部固定在所述立板上，所述底板通过多个螺栓与侧梁的端部固定，在所述侧梁的端部具有向底板方向凸出的凸台结构，相应地在所述底板背面具有向侧梁方向凸出的肩搭结构，安装后所述底板的肩搭结构搭接在所述侧梁的凸台结构上。Further, the horizontal beam installation seat includes a support plate and a bottom plate perpendicular to each other, at least one vertical plate is vertically fixed between the support plate and the bottom plate, and a cover plate is fixed above the vertical plate, and the upper and lower sides of the cover plate The two ends are respectively fixed to the bottom plate and the supporting plate, the end of the horizontal beam is fixed on the vertical plate, the bottom plate is fixed to the end of the side beam through a plurality of bolts, and the end of the side beam has a The boss structure protruding in the direction of the bottom plate correspondingly has a shoulder structure protruding in the direction of the side beam on the back of the bottom plate. After installation, the shoulder structure of the bottom plate overlaps the boss structure of the side beam.
进一步，在所述侧梁的端部固定一块安装板，所述凸台结构与所述安装板一体机加工而成，所述安装板呈折弯结构并固定在侧梁的端部。Further, a mounting plate is fixed at the end of the side beam, the boss structure and the mounting plate are integrally machined, and the mounting plate has a bent structure and is fixed at the end of the side beam.
进一步，所述牵引梁上凸出有牵引梁止挡，牵引梁止挡呈凸状，具有向上、下凸出的两个水平平面。Further, a draw beam stop protrudes from the draw beam, and the draw beam stop is convex and has two horizontal planes protruding upward and downward.
进一步，所述轮盘制动装置包括制动盘、制动吊座及制动夹钳，所述制动吊座固定在侧梁上，制动夹钳通过三个吊挂点固定在制动吊座和侧梁上。Further, the disc brake device includes a brake disc, a brake hanger and a brake caliper, the brake hanger is fixed on the side beam, and the brake caliper is fixed on the brake caliper through three hanging points. hangers and side beams.
进一步，在所述制动吊座上设置有二个吊挂点，在所述侧梁上还通过固定座安装一个闸片托吊座，在所述闸片托吊座上设置有第三吊挂点。Further, two suspension points are arranged on the brake suspension base, a brake pad support suspension base is installed on the side beam through a fixing base, and a third suspension suspension base is arranged on the brake pad suspension base. hanging point.
进一步，所述制动吊座包括第一异形件、第二异形件、第一弯板和第二弯板，第一弯板安装在第一异形件和第二异形件之间，第二弯板安装在第一异形件和侧梁之间，在所述第一异形件为由第一垂直板和第一水平板组成的一体成型的锻件，第二异形件为由第二垂直板和第二水平板组成的一体成型的锻件，第一水平板和第二水平板伸出后相对向内折弯，在第一水平板和第二水平板设置第一吊挂点，在所述第二异形件的第二垂直板上设置有第二吊挂点。Further, the brake hanger includes a first special-shaped part, a second special-shaped part, a first curved plate and a second curved plate, the first curved plate is installed between the first special-shaped part and the second special-shaped part, and the second curved The plate is installed between the first special-shaped part and the side beam. The first special-shaped part is an integrally formed forging composed of the first vertical plate and the first horizontal plate, and the second special-shaped part is composed of the second vertical plate and the first horizontal plate. An integrally formed forging made of two horizontal plates, the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are stretched out and then relatively inwardly bent, the first hanging point is set on the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate, and the second A second hanging point is arranged on the second vertical plate of the special-shaped piece.
进一步，所述制动吊座上集成有用于安装踏面清扫装置的踏面清扫安装座，所述第一水平板和第二水平板相对折弯后形成所述踏面清扫安装座。Further, the brake hanger is integrated with a tread cleaning installation seat for installing a tread cleaning device, and the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are relatively bent to form the tread cleaning installation seat.
进一步，所述制动吊座还包括一个盖板，所述盖板由侧梁的上盖板向制动吊座方向伸出形成，所述盖板与第一弯板、第二弯板、第一异形件和第二异形件的上表面搭接后再焊接固定，所述制动吊座形成一个底面为弧形的箱形结构Further, the brake suspension seat also includes a cover plate, which is formed by the upper cover plate of the side beam protruding toward the direction of the brake suspension seat, and the cover plate is connected with the first curved plate, the second curved plate, The upper surfaces of the first special-shaped part and the second special-shaped part are overlapped and then welded and fixed, and the brake hanger forms a box-shaped structure with an arc-shaped bottom surface
综上内容，本发明所述的一种无摇枕市域快线轨道车辆转向架，与现有技术相比，具有如下优点：To sum up, compared with the prior art, a bogie for rail vehicles on a bolsterless urban express line according to the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)通过整体结构的优化，使转向架结构简单紧凑，具有运行速度快、重量轻、使用寿命长、运行平稳安全的特点，满足城际动车时速140公里的运行要求，17t轴重要求，同时也满足了大载客量、快起快停、快速乘降的要求。(1) Through the optimization of the overall structure, the bogie structure is simple and compact, and has the characteristics of fast running speed, light weight, long service life, stable and safe operation, and meets the operating requirements of intercity trains with a speed of 140 kilometers per hour and 17t axle load requirements. At the same time, it also meets the requirements of large passenger capacity, fast start and stop, and fast boarding and landing.
(2)水平梁安装座上端与侧梁之间采用“肩搭”配合，保证了即使在异常恶劣线路工况下，或水平梁重量加大情况下，也能够使安装螺栓避免受剪，防止意外发生，极大提高了水平梁安装强度，增大了安全系数。(2) The "shoulder lap" fit is adopted between the upper end of the horizontal beam mounting seat and the side beam, which ensures that the mounting bolts can be prevented from being sheared even under abnormally bad line conditions or when the weight of the horizontal beam increases. Accidents occur, which greatly improves the installation strength of the horizontal beam and increases the safety factor.
(3)牵引梁止挡的结构呈凸状，具有向上、下凸出的两个水平平面，一方面便于加工，另一方面可以大幅增强牵引梁止挡的强度，同时也可与横梁的垂向止挡配合起到整车起吊的作用。(3) The structure of the stopper of the drawbeam is convex, with two horizontal planes protruding upward and downward. Cooperate with the stop to play the role of lifting the whole vehicle.
(4)该转向架中的制动吊座固定在构架的侧梁上，制动夹钳采用三点吊挂的方式安装在制动吊座上，同时，用于安装踏面清扫装置的安装座也可集成在制动吊座上，不但使转向架整体结构更加简化而紧凑，节省安装空间，结构布局更加合理。还可大幅提升制动夹钳的安装稳定性，提高制动夹钳的受力强度。(4) The brake hanger in the bogie is fixed on the side beam of the frame, and the brake caliper is installed on the brake hanger in a three-point hanging manner. At the same time, the mounting seat for installing the tread cleaning device It can also be integrated on the brake hanger, which not only makes the overall structure of the bogie more simplified and compact, saves installation space, but also makes the structure layout more reasonable. It can also greatly improve the installation stability of the brake caliper and increase the force strength of the brake caliper.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明转向架结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of bogie of the present invention;
图2是图1的仰视图；Fig. 2 is the bottom view of Fig. 1;
图3是本发明中央牵引装置结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the central traction device of the present invention;
图4是本发明牵引梁组成结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drawing beam of the present invention;
图5是是本发明牵引梁结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction beam of the present invention;
图6是本发明水平梁组成结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the horizontal beam of the present invention;
图7是图6的侧向视图；Figure 7 is a side view of Figure 6;
图8是本发明空气弹簧结构示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the air spring of the present invention;
图9是本发明制动吊座结构剖示图；Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the structure of the brake suspension seat of the present invention;
图10是本发明制动吊座与侧梁安装的局部放大图。Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of the installation of the brake hanger and the side beam of the present invention.
如图1至图10所示，侧梁1，横梁2，辅助纵梁3，空气弹簧4，上盖板5，下盖板6，腹板7，水平梁8，应答器天线9，排障板10，水平梁安装座11，排障板安装座12，天线安装座13，托板14，座板15，盖板16，立板17，螺栓18，关节轴承19，车轴20，轮对21，轴箱22，钢圆弹簧23，垂向减振器24，弹性节点25，中央牵引装置26，牵引电机27，齿轮箱28，电机安装座29，牵引销30，牵引销套31，橡胶31a，钢板31b，钢板31c，止挡32，牵引梁36，定位套筒37，牵引梁止挡38，牵引拉杆39，盖板40、环形扣环41、气囊42、磨耗板43、橡胶堆44、安装座45，圆形底板46，进气口47，第一O形密封圈48，第二O形密封圈49，自动高度调整阀50，调整杆51，抗侧滚扭杆装置52，扭臂53，扭杆54，支撑座55，关节轴承56，连接杆57，横向减振器58，抗蛇行减振器59，第一减振器座60，第二减振器座61，轮盘制动装置62，安装板63，横向止挡64，肩搭结构65，凸台结构66，制动吊座67，制动夹钳68，下进气口69，螺栓70，踏面清扫安装座71，第一异形件72，第一垂直板72a，第一水平板72b，第二异形件73，第二垂直板73a，第二水平板73b，第一弯板74，第二弯板75，螺钉76，加强件77，螺钉孔78，吊挂孔79，吊挂孔80，闸片托吊座81，固定座82，吊挂孔83，盖板84。As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 10, side beam 1, cross beam 2, auxiliary longitudinal beam 3, air spring 4, upper cover plate 5, lower cover plate 6, web plate 7, horizontal beam 8, transponder antenna 9, troubleshooting Plate 10, horizontal beam mounting seat 11, barrier board mounting seat 12, antenna mounting seat 13, supporting plate 14, seat plate 15, cover plate 16, vertical plate 17, bolt 18, joint bearing 19, axle 20, wheel set 21 , axle box 22, steel round spring 23, vertical shock absorber 24, elastic node 25, central traction device 26, traction motor 27, gearbox 28, motor mount 29, traction pin 30, traction pin sleeve 31, rubber 31a , Steel plate 31b, steel plate 31c, stop 32, draw beam 36, positioning sleeve 37, draw beam stopper 38, draw rod 39, cover plate 40, ring buckle 41, air bag 42, wear plate 43, rubber pile 44, Mounting seat 45, circular bottom plate 46, air inlet 47, first O-ring 48, second O-ring 49, automatic height adjustment valve 50, adjustment rod 51, anti-roll torsion bar device 52, torsion arm 53, torsion bar 54, support seat 55, joint bearing 56, connecting rod 57, lateral shock absorber 58, anti-snake shock absorber 59, first shock absorber seat 60, second shock absorber seat 61, wheel disc system Moving device 62, mounting plate 63, lateral stopper 64, shoulder structure 65, boss structure 66, brake hanger 67, brake clamp 68, lower air inlet 69, bolt 70, tread cleaning mounting seat 71, First shaped piece 72, first vertical plate 72a, first horizontal plate 72b, second shaped piece 73, second vertical plate 73a, second horizontal plate 73b, first bent plate 74, second bent plate 75, screw 76 , Reinforcement member 77, screw hole 78, hanging hole 79, hanging hole 80, brake disc holder hanging seat 81, fixing seat 82, hanging hole 83, cover plate 84.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
如图1和图2所示，一种无摇枕市域快线轨道车辆转向架，包括构架、轮轴系统、牵引驱动系统、一系悬挂系统、二系悬挂系统及基础制动装置。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a rail vehicle bogie for a bolsterless city express line includes a frame, an axle system, a traction drive system, a primary suspension system, a secondary suspension system and a foundation braking device.
构架包括两个侧梁1、两个横梁2和两个辅助纵梁3，两个横梁2平行设置在两个侧梁1之间，两个辅助纵梁3平行设置在两个横梁2之间，侧梁1、横梁2和辅助纵梁3整体焊接成一个H形的构架结构，一系悬挂系统、二系悬挂系统、轮轴系统、牵引驱动系统、基础制动装置都固定安装在该H形的构架上。构架整体呈H型结构可以保证整个构架的稳定性。The frame includes two side beams 1, two cross beams 2 and two auxiliary longitudinal beams 3, the two cross beams 2 are arranged in parallel between the two side beams 1, and the two auxiliary longitudinal beams 3 are arranged in parallel between the two cross beams 2 , the side beam 1, the cross beam 2 and the auxiliary longitudinal beam 3 are integrally welded into an H-shaped frame structure, and the primary suspension system, secondary suspension system, wheel axle system, traction drive system, and foundation braking device are all fixedly installed on the H-shaped frame structure. on the framework. The frame as a whole has an H-shaped structure to ensure the stability of the entire frame.
每个侧梁1均整体为U形结构，即侧梁1的中间段向下凹，侧梁1下凹为空气弹簧4提供安装空间，利于降低整个转向架的高度，保证了地板面距轨面的高度。侧梁1采用箱形结构，由上盖板5、下盖板6及两侧的腹板7拼接焊接而成，上盖板5、下盖板6及两侧的腹板7均采用SMA490BW钢板，其中，上盖板5的厚度≥12mm，下盖板6的厚度≥12mm，腹板7的厚度≥12mm，侧梁1的断面宽度优选为170-180mm，高度优选为300-310mm，其中最佳值选择为宽度176mm，高度305mm，上盖板5、下盖板6和腹板7的厚度为12mm。本实施例中，通过优化侧梁1的断面高度、宽度及板材的厚度，在保证侧梁1的抗弯截面系数和抗弯强度，保证侧梁1的垂向承载能力，满足17t轴重要求的同时大幅减轻侧梁1的总重量，提高车辆的轻量化水平。Each side beam 1 has a U-shaped structure as a whole, that is, the middle section of the side beam 1 is concave downward, and the concave side beam 1 provides an installation space for the air spring 4, which is beneficial to reduce the height of the entire bogie and ensures the distance between the floor surface and the rail. face height. The side beam 1 adopts a box-shaped structure, which is spliced and welded by the upper cover plate 5, the lower cover plate 6 and the webs 7 on both sides. The upper cover plate 5, the lower cover plate 6 and the webs 7 on both sides are all made of SMA490BW steel plates , wherein the thickness of the upper cover plate 5 is ≥ 12mm, the thickness of the lower cover plate 6 is ≥ 12mm, the thickness of the web 7 is ≥ 12mm, the cross-sectional width of the side beam 1 is preferably 170-180mm, and the height is preferably 300-310mm. The optimal value selection is width 176mm, height 305mm, and the thickness of upper cover plate 5, lower cover plate 6 and web plate 7 is 12mm. In this embodiment, by optimizing the section height and width of the side beam 1 and the thickness of the plate, the bending section coefficient and bending strength of the side beam 1 are ensured, the vertical bearing capacity of the side beam 1 is guaranteed, and the 17t axle load requirement is met. At the same time, the total weight of the side beam 1 is greatly reduced, and the lightweight level of the vehicle is improved.
本实施例中，横梁2采用无缝钢管，横梁2的两端穿过侧梁1并在侧梁1的内外侧腹板7上焊接固定，横梁2的直径优选为205mm，横梁2的壁厚优选为13mm。辅助纵梁3的两端焊接固定在横梁2上，辅助纵梁3也采用中空的箱形结构，增大与横梁2之间的焊接面积，使焊接应力降低，提高了横梁2及辅助纵梁3的整体承载能力。侧梁1和辅助纵梁3采用箱形结构，横梁2采用无缝钢管，在保证整体承载能力、抗弯强度的同时，也极大地降低了构架的总重量。In this embodiment, the crossbeam 2 adopts seamless steel pipe, and the two ends of the crossbeam 2 pass through the side beam 1 and are welded and fixed on the inner and outer webs 7 of the side beam 1. The diameter of the crossbeam 2 is preferably 205 mm, and the wall thickness of the crossbeam 2 is Preferably 13mm. The two ends of the auxiliary longitudinal beam 3 are welded and fixed on the cross beam 2, and the auxiliary longitudinal beam 3 also adopts a hollow box-shaped structure, which increases the welding area with the cross beam 2, reduces the welding stress, and improves the performance of the cross beam 2 and the auxiliary longitudinal beam. 3 overall carrying capacity. The side beam 1 and the auxiliary longitudinal beam 3 adopt a box-shaped structure, and the cross beam 2 adopts a seamless steel pipe, which greatly reduces the total weight of the frame while ensuring the overall bearing capacity and bending strength.
本实施例，对构架的整体结构参数进行了优化,降低和避免了大应力区的出现，大幅提高了构架整体结构的强度和刚度，构架的整体抗疲劳性能、抗弯强度和抗扭强度都得到较大提高，使整体构架的应力水平控制在强度所允许的范围内，承载能力大大加强，同时也极大地提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性，满足市域快线轨道车辆时速140公里的运行要求，同时满足17t轴重要求。In this embodiment, the overall structural parameters of the frame are optimized, reducing and avoiding the occurrence of large stress areas, greatly improving the strength and stiffness of the overall structure of the frame, and the overall fatigue resistance, bending strength and torsional strength of the frame are all improved. It has been greatly improved, so that the stress level of the overall structure is controlled within the range allowed by the strength, and the bearing capacity is greatly enhanced. At the same time, the stability and comfort of the vehicle operation are also greatly improved, meeting the urban express rail vehicle speed of 140 kilometers per hour. Running requirements, while meeting the 17t axle load requirement.
如图1和图2所示，在两个侧梁1的对应一端的端部安装有一水平梁8，也可以在侧梁1的两个端部均安装水平梁8。水平梁8上用于安装应答器天线9、排障板10、轮缘润滑器等附件设备，以合理利用转向架前端的空间。如图6和图7所示，水平梁8的两端分别通过一个水平梁安装座11与两个侧梁1的端部固定连接。水平梁8优选采用无缝不锈钢管结构，在保证承载强度的前提下可大幅减轻重量。在水平梁8上固定有两个排障板安装座12，两个排障板安装座12左右对称设置，两个排障板10分别安装在两个排障板安装座12上，排障板10的底部距离轨面的距离为规定的距离，保证既不磨损轨面，又可以清除轻面上的石子等杂物。应答器天线9通过天线安装座13固定在水平梁8上。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a horizontal beam 8 is installed at the ends corresponding to one end of the two side beams 1 , and horizontal beams 8 may also be installed at both ends of the side beams 1 . The horizontal beam 8 is used to install accessory equipment such as transponder antenna 9, baffle board 10, wheel rim lubricator, etc., to utilize the space at the front end of the bogie rationally. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , both ends of the horizontal beam 8 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two side beams 1 through a horizontal beam mounting base 11 . The horizontal beam 8 preferably adopts a seamless stainless steel pipe structure, which can greatly reduce the weight under the premise of ensuring the load-bearing strength. On the horizontal beam 8, two barrier-removing board mounting seats 12 are fixed. The distance between the bottom of 10 and the rail surface is a prescribed distance, which ensures that the rail surface will not be worn, and the stones and other sundries on the light surface can be removed. The transponder antenna 9 is fixed on the horizontal beam 8 via the antenna mount 13 .
如图6和图7所示，水平梁安装座11为左右两件，两个水平梁安装座11以转向架纵向中心面对称设置，分别固定安装在两个侧梁1的端部，使水平梁安装座11的安装和拆卸非常方便，利于日常维护。As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the horizontal beam mounts 11 are left and right parts, and the two horizontal beam mounts 11 are arranged symmetrically with the longitudinal center plane of the bogie, and are fixedly mounted on the ends of the two side beams 1 respectively, so that The installation and disassembly of the horizontal beam mounting seat 11 is very convenient, which is beneficial to daily maintenance.
两个水平梁安装座11的结构相同，均为由托板14、座板15、盖板16及至少一块立板17组焊而成的箱形结构。座板15垂直焊接固定在托板14上，立板17与托板14和座板15均垂直设置，其两个侧边通过焊接的方式固定连接在托板14和座板15上，立板17可以根据需要设置两个，保证结构强度，两个立板17平行安装在托板14和座板15上。盖板16采用钢板折弯的结构，其折弯的形状与立板17上边缘的形状相匹配，盖板16的下表面焊接固定在两个立板17的上边缘，盖板16的上下两端再分别与座板15和托板14焊接固定。托板14、座板15、盖板16及两个立板17共同组焊成一个箱形的结构，可以提高水平梁安装座11的整体结构强度，使水平梁安装座11结构更加稳定可靠。在托板14上设置有两个长圆孔，用于通过螺栓固定安装轮缘润滑器。The structures of the two horizontal beam mounts 11 are the same, they are all box-shaped structures welded by a supporting plate 14 , a seat plate 15 , a cover plate 16 and at least one vertical plate 17 . The seat plate 15 is vertically welded and fixed on the supporting plate 14, the vertical plate 17 is vertically arranged with the supporting plate 14 and the seat plate 15, and its two sides are fixedly connected on the supporting plate 14 and the seat plate 15 by welding, and the vertical plate 17 can be provided with two as required, guarantee structural strength, and two vertical plates 17 are installed on supporting plate 14 and seat plate 15 in parallel. The cover plate 16 adopts the structure of steel plate bending, and its bent shape matches the shape of the upper edge of the vertical plate 17. The lower surface of the cover plate 16 is welded and fixed on the upper edges of the two vertical plates 17, and the upper and lower sides of the cover plate 16 The ends are welded and fixed with seat plate 15 and supporting plate 14 respectively again. The supporting plate 14, the seat plate 15, the cover plate 16 and the two vertical plates 17 are jointly welded into a box-shaped structure, which can improve the overall structural strength of the horizontal beam mounting seat 11 and make the structure of the horizontal beam mounting seat 11 more stable and reliable. Two oblong holes are provided on the supporting plate 14 for fixing and installing the wheel rim lubricator by bolts.
如图7所示，在侧梁1的端部固定安装一块安装板63，安装板63大致呈倒L形的折弯结构，与侧梁1的端部之间通过螺栓固定或焊接固定，座板15通过四个螺栓18固定安装在侧梁1端部的安装板63上，以方便安装和拆卸，利于日常维护，四个螺栓18对称分布在两个立板17的两侧，在每侧的两个螺栓18上还安装有用于防止螺栓18松动的防松铁丝，保证在车辆运行时不会因为车辆的振动而脱落。As shown in Figure 7, a mounting plate 63 is fixedly installed at the end of the side beam 1. The mounting plate 63 is roughly in an inverted L-shaped bending structure, and is fixed to the end of the side beam 1 by bolts or welding. The plate 15 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 63 at the end of the side beam 1 through four bolts 18, so as to facilitate installation and disassembly, and facilitate daily maintenance. The four bolts 18 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the two vertical plates 17, and on each side The two bolts 18 are also equipped with anti-loosening iron wires used to prevent the bolts 18 from loosening, so as to ensure that they will not come off because of the vibration of the vehicle when the vehicle is running.
在座板15背面的顶部具有向侧梁1方向凸出的肩搭结构65，相应地在安装板63的侧部具有向座板15方向凸出的凸台结构66，安装后座板15的肩搭结构65搭接在安装板63的凸台结构66上。而且为了保证安装强度，肩搭结构65与座板15采用一体机加工而成，凸台结构66与安装板63也采用一体机加工而成。There is a shoulder structure 65 protruding toward the side beam 1 on the top of the back of the seat plate 15, and a boss structure 66 protruding toward the seat plate 15 is provided on the side of the mounting plate 63 accordingly. The shoulder of the rear seat plate 15 is installed. The lap structure 65 is lapped on the boss structure 66 of the mounting plate 63 . Moreover, in order to ensure the installation strength, the shoulder structure 65 and the seat plate 15 are machined integrally, and the boss structure 66 and the mounting plate 63 are also machined integrally.
通过水平梁安装座11上端与侧梁1之间采用“肩搭”配合，保证了即使在异常恶劣线路工况下，或水平梁8重量加大情况下，也能够使安装螺栓18避免受剪，防止意外发生，极大提高了水平梁安装强度，增大了安全系数。Through the "shoulder lap" fit between the upper end of the horizontal beam mounting seat 11 and the side beam 1, it is ensured that the mounting bolts 18 can be prevented from being sheared even under abnormally bad line conditions or when the weight of the horizontal beam 8 is increased. , prevent accidents, greatly improve the installation strength of the horizontal beam, and increase the safety factor.
如图7所示，本实施例中，在两个立板17上分别设置有一个安装孔，水平梁8的两端通过关节轴承19安装在水平梁安装座11的安装孔中。水平梁8与水平梁安装座11之间通过关节轴承19实现弹性连接，起到较好的缓冲和减振的作用，减少转向架的振动通过水平梁安装座11传递到水平梁8上，而且在车辆高速运行而发生振动时，水平梁8在关节轴承19的作用下，可以较好地承受径向、轴向和垂向等各方向载荷，极大地改善车辆的动力学性能，在性能上能更好地实现车辆运行时的稳定性，提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性，也同时增大了水平梁8的使用寿命，保证车辆安全可靠地运行。As shown in FIG. 7 , in this embodiment, two vertical plates 17 are respectively provided with a mounting hole, and both ends of the horizontal beam 8 are mounted in the mounting holes of the horizontal beam mounting base 11 through joint bearings 19 . The elastic connection between the horizontal beam 8 and the horizontal beam mounting seat 11 is realized through the joint bearing 19, which plays a better buffer and damping effect, reduces the vibration of the bogie and transmits it to the horizontal beam 8 through the horizontal beam mounting seat 11, and When the vehicle runs at high speed and vibrates, the horizontal beam 8 can better bear the radial, axial and vertical loads under the action of the joint bearing 19, which greatly improves the dynamic performance of the vehicle. It can better realize the stability when the vehicle is running, improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle running, and also increase the service life of the horizontal beam 8 at the same time, so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the vehicle.
如图1和图2所示，轮轴系统包括车轴20及安装在车轴两端的轮对21，其中，车轴20采用实心车轴，轮对21采用整体碾钢车轮，并采用等效锥度较大的LM踏面。一系悬挂系统包括轴箱22、钢圆弹簧23及垂向减振器24，轴箱22采用转臂式轴箱，固定安装在车轴20的两端，轴箱22的一端通过弹性节点25与构架固定连接，轴箱22的另一端通过垂向减振器24与侧梁1固定连接，轴箱22与侧梁1之间安装钢圆弹簧23，钢圆弹簧23安装在轴箱22的上方，钢圆弹簧23与由侧梁1组成的弹簧筒连接，一系悬挂采用钢圆弹簧23能够避免垂向载荷过大，有效地隔离来自轨道的振动。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the axle system includes an axle 20 and wheelsets 21 installed at both ends of the axle, wherein the axle 20 is a solid axle, and the wheelset 21 is an integral rolled steel wheel, and an LM with a larger equivalent taper. tread. The primary suspension system includes an axle box 22, a steel round spring 23 and a vertical shock absorber 24. The axle box 22 adopts a pivoting arm type axle box, which is fixedly installed at the two ends of the axle 20. One end of the axle box 22 passes through the elastic node 25 and The frame is fixedly connected, the other end of the axle box 22 is fixedly connected with the side beam 1 through the vertical shock absorber 24, and a steel round spring 23 is installed between the axle box 22 and the side beam 1, and the steel round spring 23 is installed above the axle box 22 , the steel round spring 23 is connected with the spring cylinder composed of the side beam 1, and the steel round spring 23 is used for the primary suspension to avoid excessive vertical load and effectively isolate the vibration from the track.
如图1、2和图3所示，牵引驱动系统包括中央牵引装置26、牵引电机27及齿轮箱28。齿轮箱28内的齿轮组压装在车轴20上，齿轮箱28及牵引电机27的数量均为两个，分别呈对角线交叉设置在两个横梁2上，牵引电机27通过电机安装座29固定在对应的横梁2上，以保证两组轮轴系统的运动平衡性，同时提高动车转向架的稳定性。为了满足时速140公里、轴重17t的市域快线车辆对快启快停的较高要求，本实施例中，经过大量的计算分析，齿轮箱28的传动比优选为大于4，其最佳值优选为4.94。由于齿轮箱28传动比加大，为适用限界要求，采用铸铁齿轮箱，可以大幅降低成本。As shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 , the traction drive system includes a central traction device 26 , a traction motor 27 and a gearbox 28 . The gear set in the gear box 28 is press-fitted on the axle shaft 20. The number of the gear box 28 and the traction motor 27 is two, and they are diagonally intersected and arranged on the two beams 2 respectively. The traction motor 27 passes through the motor mounting seat 29 It is fixed on the corresponding crossbeam 2 to ensure the movement balance of the two sets of axle systems, and at the same time improve the stability of the train bogie. In order to meet the higher requirements for quick start and quick stop of urban express vehicles with a speed of 140 kilometers per hour and an axle load of 17 tons, in this embodiment, after a large number of calculations and analysis, the transmission ratio of the gearbox 28 is preferably greater than 4, and its optimal value Preferably it is 4.94. Because the transmission ratio of the gear box 28 is increased, the cast iron gear box is used to reduce the cost significantly in order to meet the limit requirements.
如图3、图4和图5所示，中央牵引装置26分为牵引销组成、牵引梁组成及牵引拉杆组成三大部分。其中，牵引销30为变截面箱体焊接而成，保证了足够的强度和刚度，牵引销30的顶部通过10个或12个螺栓70与车体固定连接，增加连接强度的同时减小单个螺栓的受力程度，避免车体连接部位的应力集中现象。在车体与牵引销30之间还设置有定位销(图中未标示)，适当减小定位销的与车体定位孔的配合公差，方便转向架与车体的连接与拆卸。As shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the central traction device 26 is divided into three parts: the traction pin, the traction beam and the traction rod. Among them, the traction pin 30 is welded by a box with variable cross-section, which ensures sufficient strength and rigidity. The top of the traction pin 30 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body through 10 or 12 bolts 70, which increases the connection strength and reduces the number of single bolts. To avoid the stress concentration of the connection parts of the car body. Also be provided with locating pin (not marked among the figure) between car body and traction pin 30, suitably reduce the fit tolerance of locating pin and car body locating hole, facilitate the connection and dismounting of bogie and car body.
在牵引梁36上设置有一定位套筒37，牵引销套31整体压装在定位套筒37内，牵引销套31由钢板31b，橡胶31a，钢板31c硫化一体制成，整体呈倒锥形，通过优化匹配牵引销套31的刚度，满足更大的牵引力的要求和载荷变化。牵引销30插入至牵引销套31内，牵引销30的底部通过螺栓与一个压盖(图中未示出)固定连接，压盖和牵引销套31之间通过定位销连接，同时定位销起到定位的作用，且在牵引销套31处还设置螺纹孔(图中未示出)，方便通过工装对牵引销套31进行拆卸的同时，也可以一定程度上减轻重量。实现零部件的轻量化。A positioning sleeve 37 is arranged on the traction beam 36, and the traction pin sleeve 31 is integrally press-fitted in the positioning sleeve 37. The traction pin sleeve 31 is made of steel plate 31b, rubber 31a, and steel plate 31c vulcanized into one, and the whole is in an inverted cone shape. By optimizing and matching the rigidity of the traction pin sleeve 31 , the requirement of greater traction force and load change can be met. The traction pin 30 is inserted into the traction pin sleeve 31, and the bottom of the traction pin 30 is fixedly connected with a gland (not shown in the figure) by bolts, and the gland and the traction pin sleeve 31 are connected by a positioning pin, and the positioning pin is lifted simultaneously. It can be used for positioning, and threaded holes (not shown in the figure) are also provided at the traction pin sleeve 31, which facilitates the disassembly of the traction pin sleeve 31 by tooling, and can also reduce the weight to a certain extent. Reduce the weight of components.
在牵引销套31的钢板31b的底部具有一向内凹的部分，在内凹的部分内安装一环形的止挡32，在安装压盖之前将止挡32安装在牵引销套31中，止挡用于限制牵引销套31与牵引销30之间的转动。There is a concave part at the bottom of the steel plate 31b of the traction pin sleeve 31, and an annular stopper 32 is installed in the concave part, and the stopper 32 is installed in the traction pin sleeve 31 before the gland is installed. It is used to limit the rotation between the traction pin sleeve 31 and the traction pin 30 .
如图5所示，本实施例中，牵引梁36采用铸锻结构，牵引梁36上向两侧对称凸出有两个牵引梁止挡38，每个牵引梁止挡38的结构呈凸状，具有向上、下凸出的两个水平平面，这种结构一方面便于加工，另一方面可以大幅增强牵引梁止挡38的强度，同时也起到整车起吊的作用，在整车起吊时，该牵引梁止挡38与设置在构架横梁2的垂向止挡(图中未示出)搭接配合，在起吊车体的同时可以将转向架一并起吊，进而实现整车起吊。在牵引梁止挡38的上表面上设置有调整垫片(图中未示出)，调整垫片用于调节牵引梁止挡38与安装在构架横梁2上的垂向止挡之间的止挡间隙，防止空气弹簧4过充而导致车体会产生异常上升，进而防止车辆倾覆，保证乘客安全。As shown in Figure 5, in this embodiment, the drawing beam 36 adopts a cast and forged structure, and two drawing beam stoppers 38 protrude symmetrically to both sides on the drawing beam 36, and each drawing beam stopper 38 has a convex structure. , has two horizontal planes protruding upwards and downwards. On the one hand, this structure is convenient for processing, and on the other hand, it can greatly enhance the strength of the traction beam stopper 38. It also plays the role of lifting the whole vehicle. , the drawbeam stop 38 overlaps with the vertical stop (not shown) arranged on the frame crossbeam 2, and the bogie can be lifted together when the car body is hoisted, so as to realize the whole vehicle hoisting. Adjusting pads (not shown) are arranged on the upper surface of the draw beam stop 38, and the adjust pads are used to adjust the stop between the draw beam stop 38 and the vertical stop installed on the frame beam 2. The gap is used to prevent the air spring 4 from being overcharged and cause the vehicle body to rise abnormally, thereby preventing the vehicle from overturning and ensuring the safety of passengers.
牵引拉杆组成采用Z字型双牵引拉杆结构，增强过曲线能力的同时提高车辆纵向承载能力，同时由四个节点承受载荷，有效地抵消了车辆横移时带来的横向力作用，减少了每个节点的承受载荷。两个牵引拉杆39设置于侧梁1的内侧，在其中两根横梁2上分别设置有一个牵引拉杆座(图中未示出)，两个牵引拉杆39的一端连接牵引梁36，另一端安装在对应的横梁2上的牵引拉杆座上。本实施例中，牵引拉杆39的材质采用锻造结构，不但可以保证其强度和刚度，还可以大幅减轻重量。The composition of the traction rods adopts a Z-shaped double traction rod structure, which enhances the ability to cross curves and at the same time increases the longitudinal bearing capacity of the vehicle. At the same time, four nodes bear the load, which effectively offsets the lateral force caused by the lateral movement of the vehicle and reduces each load. The load bearing of a node. Two traction rods 39 are arranged on the inner side of the side beam 1, and a traction rod seat (not shown in the figure) is respectively arranged on two beams 2 thereof, and one end of the two traction rods 39 is connected to the traction beam 36, and the other end is installed On the traction rod seat on the corresponding beam 2. In this embodiment, the material of the traction rod 39 adopts a forged structure, which can not only ensure its strength and rigidity, but also greatly reduce its weight.
如图3所示，在牵引销30和辅助纵梁3之间设置两个横向减振器58和两个横向止挡64，两个横向减振器58对称设置，在两个辅助纵梁3上设置有横向减振器座及横向止挡座，横向减振器58一端固定在横向减振器座上，另一端固定在牵引销30上，横向减振器58提供横向阻尼，防止由于车体横向移动过快而车体倾摆过大。在横向止挡座上设置横向止挡64，用于牵引销30与辅助纵梁3的止挡。As shown in Figure 3, two transverse shock absorbers 58 and two transverse stops 64 are arranged between the traction pin 30 and the auxiliary longitudinal beam 3, and the two transverse shock absorbers 58 are arranged symmetrically. A transverse shock absorber seat and a transverse stopper seat are arranged on the top. One end of the transverse shock absorber 58 is fixed on the transverse shock absorber seat, and the other end is fixed on the traction pin 30. The transverse shock absorber 58 provides transverse damping to prevent the The lateral movement of the body is too fast and the body rolls too much. A transverse stopper 64 is arranged on the transverse stopper seat for the stopper of the traction pin 30 and the auxiliary longitudinal beam 3 .
中央牵引装置26承担连接车体与转向架的功用，结构上简单紧凑，便于实现车体与转向架上的连接与分离，而且在功能上能更好地实现车辆运行时牵引与制动力的传递。另外，合理优化的各部件参数匹配，极大地提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性。The central traction device 26 undertakes the function of connecting the vehicle body and the bogie. It is simple and compact in structure, which facilitates the connection and separation of the vehicle body and the bogie, and can better realize the transmission of traction and braking force when the vehicle is running. . In addition, the rationally optimized parameter matching of each component greatly improves the stability and comfort of vehicle operation.
二系悬挂包括两个空气弹簧4，在每个侧梁1的上盖板5的中心上安装一个空气弹簧4，两个空气弹簧4对称设置。如图8所示，空气弹簧4包括盖板40、环形扣环41、气囊42、磨耗板43、橡胶堆44、安装座45和圆形底板46。在盖板40上设置有向上凸起的上进气口47，上进气口47的外壁为锥台形，在外表面上设置有两道第一O形密封圈48，两道第一O形密封圈48实现与车体空气弹簧安装座之间的密封连接，保证气囊42内的压缩空气不泄漏。The secondary suspension includes two air springs 4, one air spring 4 is installed on the center of the upper cover plate 5 of each side beam 1, and the two air springs 4 are arranged symmetrically. As shown in FIG. 8 , the air spring 4 includes a cover plate 40 , an annular buckle 41 , an air bag 42 , a wear plate 43 , a rubber pile 44 , a mounting seat 45 and a circular bottom plate 46 . On the cover plate 40, an upwardly protruding upper air inlet 47 is provided. The outer wall of the upper air inlet 47 is in the shape of a truncated cone, and two first O-rings 48 are arranged on the outer surface. The two first O-shaped seals The ring 48 realizes the sealing connection with the air spring mounting seat of the vehicle body, so as to ensure that the compressed air in the air bag 42 does not leak.
安装座45为金属的一体结构件，在安装座45的中间开有上下贯通的下进气口69，下进气口69整体为圆柱形，只在顶部形成缩口结构，此结构有利于承载橡胶堆44的垂向作用力，同时增加橡胶的硫化面积。安装座45下半部分的外壁上设置有两道第二O形密封圈49，安装座45下半部分伸入构架的空气弹簧安装座(图中未示出)内，两道第二O形密封圈49实现与构架附加气室之间的密封连接，保证附加气室及气囊42内的压缩空气不泄漏。The mounting seat 45 is a metal integral structure, and there is a lower air inlet 69 that penetrates up and down in the middle of the mounting seat 45. The lower air inlet 69 is cylindrical as a whole, and only a shrinking structure is formed at the top, which is conducive to carrying The vertical force of the rubber pile 44 increases the vulcanized area of the rubber simultaneously. Two second O-shaped sealing rings 49 are arranged on the outer wall of the lower half of the mounting seat 45, and the lower half of the mounting seat 45 extends into the air spring mounting seat (not shown) of the frame. The sealing ring 49 realizes the sealing connection with the additional air chamber of the frame to ensure that the compressed air in the additional air chamber and the air bag 42 does not leak.
圆形底板46套装在安装座45的外侧，圆形底板46通过螺钉固定在安装座45上，圆形底板46的直径大于安装座45上半部分底部的最大直径，以大幅增加与构架之间的接触面积，避免构架应力集中的现象发生，保证构架的整体刚度及承载能力。The circular bottom plate 46 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat 45, and the circular bottom plate 46 is fixed on the mounting seat 45 by screws. The diameter of the circular bottom plate 46 is greater than the maximum diameter at the bottom of the upper half of the mounting seat 45, so as to greatly increase the gap between the frame and the frame. The contact area is large, avoiding the phenomenon of stress concentration of the frame, and ensuring the overall rigidity and bearing capacity of the frame.
由于市域快线客车的运行速度远大于地铁的运行速度，且其对乘座的舒适性要求也较高，本实施例中，气囊42优选采用最大直径为540mm的橡胶气囊。采用垂向刚度小、有效直径较大的锥形空气弹簧，极大提高了车辆的舒适性，为手缓解拉线等部件的安装节约的空间。Since the running speed of the city express passenger car is much higher than that of the subway, and it also has higher requirements on the comfort of the seat, in this embodiment, the airbag 42 preferably adopts a rubber airbag with a maximum diameter of 540mm. The conical air spring with small vertical stiffness and large effective diameter is used, which greatly improves the comfort of the vehicle and saves space for the installation of hand relief cables and other components.
空气弹簧4的底部与侧梁1的内腔连通，利用侧梁1作为空气弹簧4的附加气室，用于增大气室容积，有效降低空气弹簧4的刚度并提高了其阻尼，提高减振效果，由于侧梁1采用大截面箱体结构，也进一步增加了附加气室的容积。The bottom of the air spring 4 communicates with the inner cavity of the side beam 1, and the side beam 1 is used as an additional air chamber of the air spring 4 to increase the volume of the air chamber, effectively reduce the stiffness of the air spring 4 and improve its damping, and improve vibration reduction As a result, since the side beam 1 adopts a large-section box structure, the volume of the additional air chamber is further increased.
如图1和图2所示，每个空气弹簧4连接一高度调整装置，两个高度调整装置对称设置在侧梁1的两侧，高度调整装置包括大流量自动高度调整阀50和调整杆51，自动高度调整阀50串接在风源与空气弹簧4之间连接的管路上，调整杆51与自动高度调整阀50连接。在车辆实际运行时，随着车体载荷的变化，由自动高度调整阀50控制风源向空气弹簧4内供风还是由空气弹簧4向外排风，以维持空气弹簧4的高度不变。本实施例中，选择大流量自动高度调整阀50，可缩短空气弹簧4的充气时间，使空气弹簧4能迅速充气达到高度和压力的要求，满足大载客量的需求。通过采用侧梁1作为附加气室及采用大流量自动高度调整阀50，使空气弹簧4的充风时间可以降低到36s，保证当站停时间减小后，也能及时充风。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, each air spring 4 is connected to a height adjustment device, and the two height adjustment devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side beam 1, and the height adjustment device includes a large flow automatic height adjustment valve 50 and an adjustment rod 51 , the automatic height adjustment valve 50 is connected in series on the pipeline connected between the air source and the air spring 4, and the adjustment rod 51 is connected with the automatic height adjustment valve 50. When the vehicle is actually running, the automatic height adjustment valve 50 controls whether the air source supplies air to the air spring 4 or the air spring 4 exhausts air to maintain the height of the air spring 4 as the vehicle body load changes. In this embodiment, the high-flow automatic height adjustment valve 50 is selected to shorten the inflation time of the air spring 4, so that the air spring 4 can be rapidly inflated to meet the height and pressure requirements, and to meet the demand for large passenger capacity. By using the side beam 1 as an additional air chamber and the high-flow automatic height adjustment valve 50, the air filling time of the air spring 4 can be reduced to 36s, ensuring that the air can be filled in time after the stop time of the station is reduced.
本实施例中，还设置有抗侧滚扭杆装置52，抗侧滚扭杆装置52由扭臂53、扭杆54组成，扭杆54安装在其中一个横梁2的内部并贯穿整个横梁2，节省了转向架空间，在横梁2两端的端口处设置扭臂53，在横梁2的端口处设置有一个支撑座55，支撑座55通过螺栓固定在横梁2端口旁边的螺栓座上，扭杆54穿过支撑座55与扭臂53通过键连接，利于安装和拆卸，扭臂53以扭杆54为圆心旋转，扭臂53的另一端通过球头关节轴承56连接连接杆57，扭臂53的旋转可使连接杆57沿垂直方向运行，连接杆57的顶部通过螺栓与车体的底部固定连接。扭臂53采用销锥式安装，不但使结构紧凑节省空间，同时具备较大的扭转角和偏转角。抗侧滚扭杆装置52的使用减小了柔度系数，同时提高了抗侧滚刚度，而且由于扭臂53设置在侧梁1的外侧，两侧的扭臂53之间横向跨度较大，在相同反扭矩的情况下，车体晃动的幅度相对较小，有利于提高车辆乘坐的舒适度，极大地保证了最小通过曲线性能，而且通过优化抗侧滚扭杆的刚度，提高了车辆的抗侧滚刚度。In this embodiment, an anti-rolling torsion bar device 52 is also provided. The anti-rolling torsion bar device 52 is composed of a torsion arm 53 and a torsion bar 54. The torsion bar 54 is installed inside one of the beams 2 and runs through the entire beam 2. The bogie space is saved, torsion arms 53 are set at the ports at both ends of the crossbeam 2, and a support seat 55 is arranged at the port of the crossbeam 2, and the support seat 55 is fixed on the bolt seat next to the port of the crossbeam 2 by bolts, and the torsion bar 54 Pass through the support base 55 and connect with the torsion arm 53 through a key, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. The torsion arm 53 rotates with the torsion bar 54 as the center of a circle, and the other end of the torsion arm 53 is connected to the connecting rod 57 through a ball joint bearing 56. Rotation can make the connecting rod 57 run along the vertical direction, and the top of the connecting rod 57 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the car body by bolts. The torsion arm 53 is installed in a pin-cone type, which not only makes the structure compact and saves space, but also has a larger torsion angle and deflection angle. The use of the anti-roll torsion bar device 52 reduces the compliance coefficient and improves the anti-roll rigidity at the same time, and since the torsion arm 53 is arranged on the outside of the side beam 1, the transverse span between the torsion arms 53 on both sides is relatively large. In the case of the same reaction torque, the amplitude of the body shaking is relatively small, which is conducive to improving the comfort of the vehicle and greatly ensuring the performance of the minimum passing curve. Anti-roll stiffness.
在两个侧梁1的外侧分别设置有一个抗蛇行减振器59，两个抗蛇行减振器59对称设置。抗蛇行减振器59的一端通过第一减振器座60与车体固定连接，另一端通过第二减振器座61与构架的侧梁1固定连接。抗蛇形减振器59采用双流向结构，减少减振器工作时间，同时采用气囊结构，使得油量得到补偿，且密封效果良好，安装也无方向要求，增加抗蛇行减振器59提高了临界速度，在低速下阻尼力值较大，可以抑制车体之间、车体与构架之间的相对横向和摇头振动，避免了蛇形运动，保证车辆平稳性能的要求，改善了车辆的动力学性能和舒适性，保证了车辆的安全性。An anti-snaking shock absorber 59 is arranged on the outer sides of the two side beams 1 respectively, and the two anti-snaking shock absorbers 59 are arranged symmetrically. One end of the anti-snaking shock absorber 59 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body through the first shock absorber seat 60 , and the other end is fixedly connected to the side beam 1 of the frame through the second shock absorber seat 61 . The anti-snake shock absorber 59 adopts a double-flow structure to reduce the working time of the shock absorber. At the same time, the air bag structure is adopted to compensate the oil volume, and the sealing effect is good, and there is no direction requirement for installation. Adding the anti-snake shock absorber 59 improves the Critical speed, the damping force value is larger at low speed, which can suppress the relative lateral and shaking head vibration between the car body and the car body and the frame, avoid the serpentine movement, ensure the stable performance of the vehicle, and improve the power of the vehicle Academic performance and comfort, ensuring the safety of the vehicle.
基础制动装置采用四个轮盘制动装置，对应每个车轮设置一个，四个轮盘制动装置62固定安装在对应的侧梁1的内侧腹板7上。The foundation brake device adopts four disc brake devices, one for each wheel, and the four disc brake devices 62 are fixedly installed on the inner web 7 of the corresponding side beam 1 .
如图1所示，轮盘制动装置62包括制动盘、制动吊座67和制动夹钳68，其中，在每根侧梁1的两端各固定有一个制动吊座67，在每个制动吊座67上安装一个制动夹钳68。本实施例中，每个制动吊座67均固定安装在侧梁1上，减少了横梁2的承载强度，并使转向架内部结构更加合理，结构紧凑。在车轮上安装有制动盘，本实施例中，采用大磨耗量的制动盘，制动盘的磨耗量均在5mm以上，以满足大载客量、快起快停的要求。轮盘制动装置62的闸片采用固定式，以降低成本。As shown in FIG. 1 , the disc brake device 62 includes a brake disc, a brake hanger 67 and a brake caliper 68, wherein a brake hanger 67 is respectively fixed at both ends of each side beam 1, A brake caliper 68 is mounted on each brake hanger 67 . In this embodiment, each brake hanger 67 is fixedly installed on the side beam 1, which reduces the bearing strength of the beam 2, and makes the internal structure of the bogie more reasonable and compact. Brake discs are installed on the wheels. In this embodiment, brake discs with large wear are used, and the wear of the brake discs is all above 5 mm to meet the requirements of large passenger capacity and fast start and stop. The brake pads of the wheel disc braking device 62 are fixed to reduce costs.
如图9和图10所示，制动夹钳68采用三点吊挂的方式固定安装在侧梁1上，相对于现有技术中的两点吊挂方式可以大幅提升制动夹钳68安装的稳定性，同时也实现了零部件的国产化，降低了成本。制动吊座67可以仅安装制动夹钳68，本实施例，则优选将用于安装踏面清扫装置(图中未能示出)的踏面清扫安装座71集成在制动吊座67上，即将踏面清扫装置和制动夹钳68集中安装在一个一体的结构件上，不但使转向架结构更加简化而紧凑，节省安装空间，降低成本，大幅减轻转向架总重量，满足轻量化的要求，同时，还可以减小焊接，避免产生焊接变形和增加焊接应力。在该转向架上安装踏面清扫装置，可以提高轮轨的粘阻，并可以在一定程度上消除车辆的多边形问题，同时可以弥补划伤等造成的缺陷。As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the brake caliper 68 is fixedly installed on the side beam 1 by means of three-point suspension, which can greatly improve the installation of the brake caliper 68 compared to the two-point suspension method in the prior art. The stability, but also to achieve the localization of parts and reduce costs. The brake hanger 67 can only be equipped with the brake caliper 68. In this embodiment, the tread cleaning installation seat 71 for installing the tread cleaning device (not shown in the figure) is preferably integrated on the brake hanger 67. That is to say, the tread cleaning device and the brake caliper 68 are installed together on an integrated structural member, which not only makes the structure of the bogie more simplified and compact, saves installation space, reduces costs, greatly reduces the total weight of the bogie, and meets the requirements of light weight, At the same time, it can also reduce welding, avoid welding deformation and increase welding stress. Installing the tread cleaning device on the bogie can improve the sticking resistance of the wheel and rail, and can eliminate the polygon problem of the vehicle to a certain extent, and at the same time can make up for the defects caused by scratches.
具体结构为，制动吊座67包括第一异形件72、第二异形件73、第一弯板74和第二弯板75。其中，第一异形件72和第二异形件73为一体成型的锻件，第一异形件72由一体成型的第一垂直板72a和第一水平板72b组成，第一水平板72b的后端部与第一垂直板72a前端部的下端面连接，第一水平板72b伸出后向内折弯形成；第二异形件73同样由一体成型的第二垂直板73a和第二水平板73b组成，第二水平板73b的后端部与第二垂直板73a前端部的下端面连接，第二水平板73b伸出后向内折弯形成，第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b的折弯方向相对。The specific structure is that the brake hanger 67 includes a first special-shaped piece 72 , a second special-shaped piece 73 , a first bent plate 74 and a second bent plate 75 . Wherein, the first special-shaped piece 72 and the second special-shaped piece 73 are integrally formed forgings, the first special-shaped piece 72 is composed of an integrally formed first vertical plate 72a and a first horizontal plate 72b, the rear end of the first horizontal plate 72b It is connected to the lower end surface of the front end of the first vertical plate 72a, and the first horizontal plate 72b is stretched out and then bent inwardly; the second special-shaped part 73 is also composed of a second vertical plate 73a and a second horizontal plate 73b integrally formed, The rear end of the second horizontal plate 73b is connected to the lower end surface of the front end of the second vertical plate 73a, and the second horizontal plate 73b stretches out and is bent inwardly to form. The bending of the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b opposite direction.
在第一垂直板72a和第二垂直板73a之间设置第一弯板74，第一弯板74的两端分别焊接固定在第一垂直板72a和第二垂直板73a的侧表面上。在第一垂直板72a与侧梁1之间设置第二弯板75，在侧梁1的内侧的腹板7上开有通孔，第二弯板75的外径与通孔的直径基本相同，第二弯板75的一端穿过通孔与侧梁1的外侧的腹板7焊接固定，并在焊接处再安装一个U形的加强件77，以进一步加强第二弯板75与侧梁1之间的固定强度及第二弯板75的承载能力。为了进一步提高第二弯板75的整体结构强度和承载能力，第二弯板75的端部还可以略伸出外侧的腹板7，并与腹板7的外侧表面焊接固定，在外侧表面上也同样安装一个U形的加强件(图中未示出)。第二弯板75的另一端焊接固定在第一垂直板72a的侧表面上。A first bent plate 74 is disposed between the first vertical plate 72a and the second vertical plate 73a, and the two ends of the first bent plate 74 are respectively welded and fixed on the side surfaces of the first vertical plate 72a and the second vertical plate 73a. A second bent plate 75 is arranged between the first vertical plate 72a and the side beam 1, and a through hole is opened on the web 7 inside the side beam 1, and the outer diameter of the second bent plate 75 is substantially the same as the diameter of the through hole One end of the second bent plate 75 is welded to the outer web 7 of the side beam 1 through the through hole, and a U-shaped reinforcement 77 is installed at the weld to further strengthen the second bent plate 75 and the side beam 1 and the bearing capacity of the second bent plate 75. In order to further improve the overall structural strength and bearing capacity of the second bent plate 75, the end of the second bent plate 75 can also slightly protrude from the outer web 7, and be welded and fixed with the outer surface of the web 7, on the outer surface Also install a U-shaped reinforcement (not shown in the figure). The other end of the second bent plate 75 is welded and fixed to the side surface of the first vertical plate 72a.
在焊接后，保证第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b相对设置并在同一个水平面上，形成踏面清扫安装座71，在第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b设置有螺钉孔78，踏面清扫装置通过螺栓固定在第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b上。After welding, ensure that the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b are arranged oppositely and on the same horizontal plane to form the tread cleaning mounting seat 71, and the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b are provided with screw holes 78, The tread cleaning device is fixed to the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b by bolts.
在第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b的后部，即与第一垂直板72a和第二垂直板73a连接的位置，由于第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b均为向内折弯形成，所以在连接处具有空间，用于避开制动夹钳68的结构。在第一水平板72b和第二水平板73b上还分别设置有一个吊挂孔79，两个吊挂孔79与制动夹钳68中的一个夹钳点固定连接，作为制动夹钳三点吊挂中的第一吊挂点。At the rear portion of the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b, that is, the position connected with the first vertical plate 72a and the second vertical plate 73a, since the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b are all inwardly folded The bend is formed so there is space at the connection for avoiding the structure of the brake caliper 68 . A hanging hole 79 is also respectively arranged on the first horizontal plate 72b and the second horizontal plate 73b, and the two hanging holes 79 are fixedly connected with one clamping point in the brake caliper 68, as the brake caliper three The first hanging point in point hanging.
在第二异形件73的第二垂直板73a上还一体成型有另一个吊挂孔80，吊挂孔80与吊挂孔79分设在第一弯板74的两侧，用于与制动夹钳68中的另一个夹钳点固定连接，作为制动夹钳三点吊挂中的第二吊挂点。Another hanging hole 80 is integrally formed on the second vertical plate 73a of the second special-shaped part 73, and the hanging hole 80 and the hanging hole 79 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first curved plate 74 for connecting with the brake clip. Another clamp point in the caliper 68 is fixedly connected as the second suspension point in the three-point suspension of the brake caliper.
在侧梁1的内侧的腹板7上，相对应吊挂孔80的位置，还安装有一个闸片托吊座81，在侧梁1的内侧的腹板7上固定有一个固定座82，固定座82呈倒L形，L形固定座82的长边与腹板7焊接固定，短边的顶面上设有两个螺钉孔，用于通过螺钉固定闸片托吊座81。闸片托吊座81为U形结构，一侧为光滑的侧壁，L形固定座82的短边插入U形结构内，再通过螺钉76固定连接，提高了固定强度和承载能力，同时也可以减少焊接应力。闸片托吊座81的下部设置有吊挂孔83，吊挂孔83用于与制动夹钳68中的第三个夹钳点固定连接，作为制动夹钳三点吊挂中的第三吊挂点。本实施例中，第三个吊挂点直接固定在侧梁1上，另两个吊挂点设置在制动吊座67上，三个吊挂点分散设置，可以进一步提高吊挂点的承载能力，保证制动夹钳68安装的稳定性。On the inner web 7 of the side beam 1 , corresponding to the position of the hanging hole 80 , there is also a brake pad hanging seat 81 installed, and a fixing seat 82 is fixed on the inner web 7 of the side beam 1 . The fixing seat 82 is in an inverted L shape, and the long side of the L-shaped fixing seat 82 is welded and fixed to the web 7 , and two screw holes are arranged on the top surface of the short side for fixing the brake pad hanging seat 81 by screws. The brake pad holder 81 is a U-shaped structure, one side is a smooth side wall, the short side of the L-shaped fixing seat 82 is inserted into the U-shaped structure, and then fixedly connected by screws 76, which improves the fixing strength and bearing capacity, and also Can reduce welding stress. The lower part of the brake pad holder 81 is provided with a hanging hole 83, and the hanging hole 83 is used to be fixedly connected with the third clamp point in the brake caliper 68, as the third clamp point in the three-point suspension of the brake caliper. Three hanging points. In this embodiment, the third hanging point is directly fixed on the side beam 1, and the other two hanging points are set on the brake hanger 67, and the three hanging points are scattered, which can further improve the bearing capacity of the hanging points. Ability to ensure the stability of the installation of the brake caliper 68.
如图10所示，制动吊座67还包括一个盖板84，盖板84可以单独设置，并与侧梁1焊接固定，本实施例则优选，将侧梁1的上盖板5在制动吊座67的位置处向制动吊座67的方向伸出形成盖板84，盖板84与侧梁1的上盖板5为一体的结构，提高制动吊座67的整体强度及承载能力。盖板84与第一弯板74、第二弯板75、第一异形件72和第二异形件73的上表面搭接后再焊接固定，使制动吊座67形成一个底面为弧形的箱形结构，弧形部分可提高整个制动吊座67的承载能力，使应力分布均匀，同时箱形结构由两个部分焊接而成，可以减少焊接面，避免产生焊接应力，进一步提高制动吊座67的整体强度及承载能力。本实施例中，第二弯板75的直径大于第一弯板74的直径，即受力点远的弯板直径增大，以提高制动吊座67的整体受力强度。As shown in Figure 10, the brake hanger 67 also includes a cover plate 84, the cover plate 84 can be set separately, and welded and fixed with the side beam 1, the present embodiment is preferred, the upper cover plate 5 of the side beam 1 is manufactured The position of the moving hanger 67 protrudes toward the direction of the brake hanger 67 to form a cover plate 84. The structure of the cover plate 84 and the upper cover plate 5 of the side beam 1 improves the overall strength and bearing capacity of the brake hanger 67. ability. The cover plate 84 is welded and fixed after overlapping the upper surfaces of the first bent plate 74, the second bent plate 75, the first special-shaped part 72 and the second special-shaped part 73, so that the brake hanger 67 forms a curved bottom surface. The box-shaped structure and the arc-shaped part can improve the bearing capacity of the entire brake hanger 67 and make the stress distribution even. At the same time, the box-shaped structure is welded by two parts, which can reduce the welding surface, avoid welding stress, and further improve the braking force. The overall strength and bearing capacity of the suspension seat 67. In this embodiment, the diameter of the second bent plate 75 is greater than that of the first bent plate 74 , that is, the diameter of the bent plate farther away from the stress point is increased, so as to improve the overall stress strength of the brake hanger 67 .
该转向架整体结构简单紧凑，经过大量的分析计算，合理优化了侧梁、横梁、齿轮箱传动比、制动盘等参数匹配，极大地提高了构架的整体结构强度和刚度，提高其承载能力，同时也极大地提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性，改善了车辆的动力学性能和舒适性，转向架更好得适应纵向和垂向方向上载荷的变化与加载，满足“大载客量、快起快停、快速乘降”的要求。The overall structure of the bogie is simple and compact. After a large number of analysis and calculations, the matching of parameters such as side beams, beams, gearbox transmission ratios, and brake discs has been rationally optimized, which greatly improves the overall structural strength and rigidity of the frame and improves its carrying capacity. At the same time, it also greatly improves the stability and comfort of the vehicle running, improves the dynamic performance and comfort of the vehicle, and the bogie can better adapt to the change and loading of the load in the longitudinal and vertical directions, and meets the requirements of "large passenger capacity" Quantity, fast start and stop, fast boarding and landing" requirements.
如上所述，结合附图所给出的方案内容，可以衍生出类似的技术方案。但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。As mentioned above, a similar technical solution can be derived in combination with the content of the solution given in the accompanying drawings. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610140813.XACN105774834B (en) | 2016-03-12 | 2016-03-12 | One kind is without bolster administrative region of a city cable release rail vehicle truck |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610140813.XACN105774834B (en) | 2016-03-12 | 2016-03-12 | One kind is without bolster administrative region of a city cable release rail vehicle truck |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105774834A CN105774834A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| CN105774834Btrue CN105774834B (en) | 2018-05-11 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610140813.XAActiveCN105774834B (en) | 2016-03-12 | 2016-03-12 | One kind is without bolster administrative region of a city cable release rail vehicle truck |
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| CN (1) | CN105774834B (en) |
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| TWI666394B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2019-07-21 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Damping device for rail vehicles |
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