技术领域technical field
本发明专利属于一种通过移动互联网和物联网技术实时获取乘客出行需求信息，并对公交运力进行实时动态运营调度的方法，本发明涉及公交乘客出行信息实时获取、弹性公交线路设置方法以及运营调度模型等。The patent of the present invention belongs to a method of obtaining passenger travel demand information in real time through mobile Internet and Internet of Things technology, and performing real-time dynamic operation scheduling on public transportation capacity. model etc.
背景技术Background technique
弹性公交系统(也称为柔性公交系统)是一种为低密度客流区域的乘客提供点到点服务的响应需求的公交运营工具，它区别于传统定点定线定站的固定路径公交模式。弹性路径公交在国外已经有30年左右的发展历程，早期的目的主要是用于满足弱势群体和特定的使用者(如医院、学校、机场等)的出行需求，近期随着通讯技术的发展，弹性路径公交可以为偏远地区或者低密度客流区域乘客的出行提供便利的服务。我国的公交服务一般属于固定路线与固定班次模式，固定路线服务的特点是在客流密度较高的情况下运行良好，合理的安排运行计划能够有效的降低总的运营成本；但是，在客流密度较低的时间段内或者客流密度较低的区域内，固定路线的公交车将存在如下一系列的问题：公交车的空载率比较高，乘客等待时间会变长，公交运营公司的整体运营成本提高等等。弹性路径公交就是在这种背景下应运而生，这种模式釆用的模式是按需服务，即公交车实时的响应动态乘客的请求，能够减少公交的空载率，从而节省整体运行成本，通过快速的响应乘客需求也提高了乘客对服务的满意度。无论是固定路线公交还是弹性路径公交，都必须遵循“以人为本”的核心。因此，其路径优化和调度都需要充分考虑人的“有限理性”心理和行为特征。The elastic bus system (also known as the flexible bus system) is a bus operation tool that provides point-to-point services for passengers in low-density passenger flow areas and responds to demand. Flexible route public transportation has been developed for about 30 years in foreign countries. The early purpose was mainly to meet the travel needs of vulnerable groups and specific users (such as hospitals, schools, airports, etc.). Recently, with the development of communication technology, Flexible route buses can provide convenient services for passengers traveling in remote areas or low-density passenger flow areas. my country's public transport services generally belong to the mode of fixed routes and fixed shifts. The characteristics of fixed route services are that they operate well in the case of high passenger flow density. Reasonable arrangements for operation plans can effectively reduce the total operating costs; In low time periods or in areas with low passenger flow density, fixed-route buses will have the following series of problems: the empty-load rate of buses is relatively high, the waiting time for passengers will become longer, and the overall operating costs of bus operating companies Raise and so on. It is against this background that the elastic route bus came into being. The mode adopted in this mode is an on-demand service, that is, the bus responds to dynamic passenger requests in real time, which can reduce the empty load rate of the bus, thereby saving the overall operating cost. Passenger satisfaction with the service is also improved by responding quickly to passenger needs. Whether it is a fixed-route bus or a flexible-route bus, it must follow the core of "people-oriented". Therefore, its path optimization and scheduling need to fully consider the psychological and behavioral characteristics of "bounded rationality".
弹性路径公交问题属于响应需求的公共交通的范畴，是一种智能交通系统(ITS)，它是随着信息技术的发展而形成的一种顺应社会需求的新的交通运营系统。国际上比较有影响的是芬兰、比利时、英国、爱尔兰、意大利和瑞典6 个国家参与的欧盟ITS第四框架中的重点项目“先进的公共交通运营系统” (System for Advanced Management ofPublic Transport Operations,简称SAMPO)和 SAMPLUS。此外，德国、美国、加拿大也有这种响应需求的公共交通系统。中国目前尚无投入使用真正意义上的、面向公众的响应需求的公共交通系统。中国的公共交通系统大都以公交车的形式运营，但公交车仍然是固定路线的公共交通系统。目前已有的单位通勤公交、各大超市的公交、私立学校提供的学生公交等公交系统的出现，说明了居民对响应需求的公共交通系统的需求，同时也表明中国具有发展响应需求的公共交通系统的良好基础。The flexible route bus problem belongs to the category of public transportation that responds to demand. It is a kind of intelligent transportation system (ITS). Internationally influential is the key project “System for Advanced Management of Public Transport Operations” (System for Advanced Management of Public Transport Operations, referred to as SAMPO) and SAMPLUS. In addition, Germany, the United States, and Canada also have public transportation systems that respond to demand. At present, there is no real public transportation system in use in China that responds to the needs of the public. Most of China's public transportation systems operate in the form of buses, but buses are still public transportation systems with fixed routes. The emergence of public transportation systems such as commuter buses for units, buses for major supermarkets, and student buses provided by private schools shows that residents have a demand for a public transportation system that responds to demand, and it also shows that China has a public transportation system that responds to demand. A good foundation for the system.
总体来说，目前国内外的弹性公交系统或类似弹性公交系统绝大多数都是基于乘客主动请求的响应需求。Generally speaking, most of the current flexible public transport systems or similar flexible public transport systems at home and abroad are based on the response needs of passengers' active requests.
传统的固定路线与固定班次模式的公交服务在客流密度较低的时间段内或者客流密度较低的区域内，存在空载率较高、乘客等待时间长、运营成本高等问题。弹性路径公交釆用按需服务的模式，能够减少公交空载率、节省运行成本、提高乘客对服务的满意度。但是，目前国内外的弹性公交系统一般都是基于乘客主动请求的响应模式，无法做到自动感应并实时获取乘客信息，这主要是由于技术原因无法做到自动感应并实时获取乘客信息，因而造成弹性路径公交系统的应用瓶颈，因而也就无法有针对性地进行站点分类设置，做不到根据乘客需求实时调度。随着移动互联网、物联网技术的发展，使我们可以自动感应并实时获取动态的乘客信息，这为弹性公交线路设置、运营调度及推广应用提供了基础。Traditional bus services with fixed routes and fixed shifts have problems such as high empty load rate, long waiting time for passengers, and high operating costs during periods of low passenger flow density or in areas with low passenger flow density. The flexible route bus adopts an on-demand service mode, which can reduce the bus empty rate, save operating costs, and improve passenger satisfaction with the service. However, the current flexible public transport systems at home and abroad are generally based on the response mode of passengers' active requests, and cannot automatically sense and obtain passenger information in real time. This is mainly due to technical reasons that cannot automatically sense and obtain passenger information in real time, resulting in The application bottleneck of the flexible route bus system makes it impossible to set up station classifications in a targeted manner, and it is impossible to achieve real-time scheduling according to passenger needs. With the development of mobile Internet and Internet of Things technology, we can automatically sense and obtain dynamic passenger information in real time, which provides a basis for flexible bus route setting, operation scheduling and promotion and application.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对以上问题，本发明提出一种基于物联网和移动互联网技术的弹性公交线路设置及运营调度方法。该方法利用公交车车载终端、公交站台电子标签、手机APP、蓝牙通信、GPS定位等信息技术，自动感应并实时获取乘客信息，通过对乘客出行数据的时空分析和模拟，对弹性路径公交线路的停靠站点进行分类，并根据类别制定不同的停靠策略，在此基础上建立调度模型，实现对公交车的优化调度，提升乘客出行的满意度。本发明可以为弹性路径公交线路的设置、弹性公交系统的运营管理等提供技术支撑，对弹性公交系统的大范围推广应用具有重要意义。In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a flexible bus line setting and operation scheduling method based on Internet of Things and mobile Internet technologies. This method uses information technologies such as bus terminal, bus station electronic label, mobile phone APP, Bluetooth communication, GPS positioning and other information technologies to automatically sense and obtain passenger information in real time. The stops are classified, and different stop strategies are formulated according to the categories. On this basis, the dispatch model is established to realize the optimal dispatch of buses and improve the satisfaction of passengers. The invention can provide technical support for the setting of elastic route bus lines, the operation management of the elastic bus system, etc., and is of great significance to the large-scale popularization and application of the elastic bus system.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：For realizing above-mentioned object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种弹性公交线路设置及运营调度方法，弹性公交依据站点类型进行停靠，所述站点类型包括固定站点、高密度客流站点、低密度客流站点和乘客预约站点；A flexible bus line setting and operation scheduling method, the flexible bus stops according to the type of station, and the station type includes a fixed station, a high-density passenger flow station, a low-density passenger flow station and a passenger reservation station;
所述固定站点包括始发站点和终点站点，为弹性公交的必停站点；The fixed site includes a starting site and a terminal site, which are must-stop sites for flexible public transportation;
所述高密度客流站点为单位时间内上、下车客流总数≥20人次的动态站点，为弹性公交必停站点；The high-density passenger flow station is a dynamic station with a total passenger flow of more than 20 passengers per unit time, and is a must-stop station for flexible buses;
所述低密度客流站点为单位时间内上、下车客流总数<20人次的动态站点，弹性公交依据请求进行停靠；The low-density passenger flow site is a dynamic site where the total number of passengers getting on and off the bus is less than 20 person-times per unit time, and the flexible bus stops according to the request;
所述乘客预约站点为根据企事业单位要求或通过乘客组团定制和预约的、只在某时间段内开通的公交站点，弹性公交只在定制的时间段内进行停靠；The passenger reservation site is a bus site that is only opened within a certain time period according to the requirements of enterprises and institutions or customized and reserved by passenger groups, and the flexible bus only stops within a customized time period;
所述弹性公交依据请求进行停靠的方法包括以下步骤：The method for the elastic bus to stop according to the request may further comprise the steps:
步骤1、乘客通过手机安装专用公交出行终端，出行前，乘客开启所述专用公交出行终端，首次使用专用公交出行终端时，乘客需要注册乘客信息；Step 1. Passengers install a dedicated bus travel terminal through their mobile phones. Before traveling, passengers open the dedicated bus travel terminal. When using the dedicated bus travel terminal for the first time, passengers need to register passenger information;
步骤2、乘客至出发站点时，站台电子标签通过短程通信自动感应专用公交出行终端并获取乘客信息；Step 2. When passengers arrive at the departure station, the platform electronic label automatically senses the dedicated bus travel terminal through short-range communication and obtains passenger information;
步骤3、站台电子标签通过移动通信网络发送乘客信息到运营调度后台，所述运营调度后台将该乘客标记为等待状态；Step 3, the platform electronic label sends the passenger information to the operation dispatching background through the mobile communication network, and the operation dispatching background marks the passenger as a waiting state;
步骤4、运营调度后台通过移动通信网络获取该条线路上所有公交车的GPS 定位信息，并找出距离该出发站点最近的前站公交车辆，自动发送指令到所述前站公交车辆的车载终端；Step 4. The operation dispatching background obtains the GPS positioning information of all the buses on the line through the mobile communication network, and finds out the nearest front-stop bus from the departure site, and automatically sends instructions to the vehicle-mounted terminals of the front-stop buses ;
步骤5、所述前站公交车辆收到指令后在所述出发站点停靠，如果乘客不上车，则在所述前站公交车辆驶出所述出发站点后，运营调度后台继续执行步骤4 的操作，继续执行步骤4的操作时，运营调度后台不发送指令到驶过该出发站点的前站公交车辆所对应相同行驶路线的其他公交车辆，如果乘客上车，则执行步骤6的操作；Step 5. The bus at the front station stops at the departure site after receiving the instruction. If the passenger does not get on the bus, after the bus at the front station leaves the departure station, the operation dispatching background continues to execute step 4. Operation, when continuing to perform the operation of step 4, the operation dispatching background does not send instructions to other buses on the same driving route corresponding to the bus vehicle at the front station passing through the departure site, if passengers get on the bus, then perform the operation of step 6;
步骤6、乘客上车后，车载电子标签通过短程通信自动感应并获取乘客信息；Step 6. After the passenger boards the vehicle, the on-board electronic tag automatically senses and obtains passenger information through short-range communication;
步骤7、车载电子标签将自动感应道的乘客信息通过移动通讯网络发送到运营调度后台，运营调度后台取消该乘客的等待状态，并标记该乘客为乘坐状态；Step 7, the on-board electronic tag sends the passenger information of the automatic induction channel to the operation dispatching background through the mobile communication network, and the operation dispatching background cancels the waiting state of the passenger and marks the passenger as the riding state;
步骤8、乘客到达目的站点下车后，目的站点电子标签通过短程通信自动感应并获取乘客信息，该目的站点电子标签将自动感应的乘客信息通过移动通信网络发送到运营调度后台，运营调度后台将该乘客的乘坐状态改为下车状态。Step 8. After the passenger gets off at the destination station, the electronic tag at the destination station automatically senses and obtains passenger information through short-range communication. The electronic tag at the destination station sends the automatically sensed passenger information to the operation dispatching background through the mobile communication network. The operation dispatching background will The passenger's riding state is changed to the getting off state.
所述站台电子标签、车载电子标签以及目的站点电子标签均为支持蓝牙协议标准的物联网节点，所述专用公交出行终端在开启后自动打开所述手机的蓝牙The platform electronic tag, the vehicle electronic tag and the destination site electronic tag are all Internet of Things nodes that support the Bluetooth protocol standard, and the dedicated bus travel terminal automatically turns on the Bluetooth of the mobile phone after it is turned on.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：本发明专利是利用物联网和移动互联网(包括公交车车载终端、公交站台电子标签、乘客手机APP)、蓝牙通信、 GPS定位等现代信息技术，自动感应并实时获取乘客信息，通过对弹性路径公交线路乘客出行数据的时空分析和模拟，优化设置公交线路并进行动态运营调度的方法。本发明可以解决乘客信息自动感应和实时获取的难题，并对弹性公交系统的推广应用提供支撑。Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that the patent of the present invention utilizes modern information technologies such as the Internet of Things and mobile Internet (including bus terminal, bus station electronic label, passenger mobile phone APP), Bluetooth communication, GPS positioning, etc. Automatic sensing and real-time acquisition of passenger information, through the spatio-temporal analysis and simulation of passenger travel data on elastic route bus lines, the method of optimizing bus lines and performing dynamic operation scheduling. The invention can solve the problem of automatic sensing and real-time acquisition of passenger information, and provides support for the popularization and application of the elastic public transport system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种弹性公交线路设置及运营调度的系统架构图；Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of elastic bus route setting and operation scheduling of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种弹性公交线路设置及运营调度方法的流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a flexible bus line setting and operation scheduling method of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的内容做进一步详细说明。The content of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例Example
(1)总体技术框架(1) Overall technical framework
本发明的总体技术框架，请参照图1所示：Overall technical framework of the present invention, please refer to shown in Fig. 1:
1)公交站点安装支持低功耗蓝牙协议标准(4.0或以上版本)的电子标签(物联网节点)；1) Install electronic tags (IoT nodes) that support the Bluetooth low energy protocol standard (version 4.0 or above) at the bus station;
2)公交车安装支持低功耗蓝牙协议标准的电子标签(物联网节点)以及支持移动网络和蓝牙协议的车载智能终端；2) The bus is equipped with electronic tags (Internet of Things nodes) that support the low-power Bluetooth protocol standard and vehicle-mounted intelligent terminals that support mobile networks and Bluetooth protocols;
3)乘客手机安装专用公交出行终端，该专用公交出行终端后台自动启动并打开乘客手机的蓝牙功能；3) Install a dedicated bus travel terminal on the passenger's mobile phone, and the background of the dedicated bus travel terminal will automatically start and turn on the Bluetooth function of the passenger's mobile phone;
4)公交车、站点(包括出发站点和目的站点)和乘客三者之间可通过蓝牙的短程通信自动感应并传输信息；4) The bus, the station (including the departure station and the destination station) and passengers can automatically sense and transmit information through Bluetooth short-range communication;
5)公交车、站点和运营调度后台之间可通过移动网络远程通信传输信息；5) The information can be transmitted between the bus, the station and the operation dispatching background through remote communication through the mobile network;
6)运营调度后台和运营管理中心之间可通过Internet或局域网等传输信息，通过运营调度后台的数据中心将相关数据传送给运行管理中心，运营管理中心根据所述相关数据对公交线路进行弹性设置和运营调度。6) Information can be transmitted between the operation dispatching background and the operation management center through the Internet or local area network, and the relevant data is transmitted to the operation management center through the data center of the operation dispatching background, and the operation management center can flexibly set the bus lines according to the relevant data and operational scheduling.
(2)乘客信息实时获取方法(2) Real-time acquisition method of passenger information
乘客信息实时获取方法，请参照图2所示：For the method of obtaining passenger information in real time, please refer to Figure 2:
1)乘客出行前打开手机专用公交出行终端(自动打开蓝牙)，首次使用需注册乘客信息；1) Passengers turn on the bus travel terminal dedicated to mobile phones (automatically turn on Bluetooth) before traveling, and register passenger information for the first use;
2)乘客至出发站点附近，站台物联网节点(电子标签)通过短程通信(蓝牙)自动感应并获取乘客信息；2) Passengers arrive near the departure site, and the platform IoT node (electronic tag) automatically senses and obtains passenger information through short-range communication (Bluetooth);
3)站台物联网节点通过移动通信网络(GPRS/3G/4G等)发送乘客信息到运营调度后台，运营调度后台将该乘客标记为“等待”状态；3) The platform IoT node sends passenger information to the operation dispatching background through the mobile communication network (GPRS/3G/4G, etc.), and the operation dispatching background marks the passenger as a "waiting" state;
4)运营调度后台通过移动通信网络(GPRS/3G/4G等)获取该条线路上所有公交车的GPS定位信息；4) The operation dispatching background obtains the GPS positioning information of all buses on the line through the mobile communication network (GPRS/3G/4G, etc.);
5)运营调度后台找到距离该出发站点最近的前站公交车，并自动发送指令到该公交车的车载终端；5) The operation dispatching background finds the front-stop bus closest to the departure site, and automatically sends instructions to the vehicle-mounted terminal of the bus;
6)司机收到指令后在该出发站点停靠，乘客上车后，车载物联网节点(电子标签)通过短程通信(蓝牙)自动感应并获取乘客信息；6) The driver stops at the starting point after receiving the instruction, and after the passengers get on the bus, the on-board IoT node (electronic tag) automatically senses and obtains passenger information through short-range communication (Bluetooth);
7)车载物联网节点(电子标签)通过移动通信网络(GPRS/3G/4G等)发送乘客信息到运营调度后台；7) The vehicle-mounted IoT node (electronic label) sends passenger information to the operation dispatching background through the mobile communication network (GPRS/3G/4G, etc.);
8)运营调度后台取消该乘客的等待状态，并标记该乘客为“乘坐”状态；8) The operation dispatching background cancels the waiting state of the passenger and marks the passenger as "ride" state;
9)该乘客到达目的站点下车后，目的站点物联网节点(电子标签)通过短程通信(蓝牙)自动感应并获取乘客信息，并通过移动通信网络(GPRS/3G/4G 等)发送乘客信息到运营调度后台，运营调度后台将该乘客标记为“下车”状态，一次出行结束。9) After the passenger arrives at the destination site and gets off the bus, the IoT node (electronic tag) at the destination site automatically senses and obtains the passenger information through short-range communication (Bluetooth), and sends the passenger information to The operation dispatching background, the operation dispatching background marks the passenger as "get off" and a trip ends.
(3)弹性公交线路设置方法(3) Flexible bus route setting method
将弹性公交线路的站点划分为4类，根据不同时间段、不同的站点类型，设置公交车停靠站点：Divide the stations of flexible bus lines into 4 categories, and set bus stops according to different time periods and different station types:
1)固定站点：包括首发站、终点站，为弹性公交必停站点；1) Fixed stations: including the starting station and the terminal station, which are mandatory stops for flexible buses;
2)高密度客流站点：指单位时间(1小时)内该站点上、下车客流总数>＝20 人次，高密度客流站点是动态站点，某站点可能在某几个时间段为高密度客流站点，其他时间段则可能为低密度客流站点，高密度客流站点为弹性公交(在某几个时间段为高密度客流站点时)必停站点；2) High-density passenger flow site: refers to the total number of boarding and alighting passengers at the site within a unit time (1 hour)>=20 person-times, a high-density passenger flow site is a dynamic site, and a site may be a high-density passenger flow site in certain time periods , other time periods may be low-density passenger flow stations, and high-density passenger flow stations are elastic bus stops (when certain time periods are high-density passenger flow stations) must-stop stations;
3)低密度客流站点：指单位时间(1小时)内该站点上、下车客流总数<20 人次，低密度客流站点也是动态站点，某站点可能在某几个时间段为低密度客流站点，其他时间段则可能为高密度客流站点，低密度客流站点为弹性公交(在某几个时间段为低密度客流站点时)依据请求才停靠的站点；3) Low-density passenger flow site: refers to the total number of boarding and alighting passenger flow at the site within a unit time (1 hour) < 20 person-times. Low-density passenger flow sites are also dynamic sites. A site may be a low-density passenger flow site in certain time periods. Other time periods may be high-density passenger flow stations, and low-density passenger flow stations are flexible bus stops (when certain time periods are low-density passenger flow stations) that only stop on request;
判断动态站点为高密度客流站点或低密度客流站点的方法可以是通过对某站点连续时间(1个月以上)的单位时间内的统计数据获得；也可以根据连续时间(1个月以上)的单位时间内的乘客的请求(步骤(2)部分的内容)通过运行管理中心进行数据统计获得。而在实际应用中，对于乘客在不确定其进入的出发站点是高密度客流站点还是低密度客流站点时，优选请求弹性公交停靠，请求的方法见步骤(2)。The method of judging whether a dynamic site is a high-density passenger flow site or a low-density passenger flow site can be obtained through the statistical data per unit time of a continuous time (more than 1 month) of a certain site; Passenger's requests per unit time (content in step (2)) are obtained through data statistics performed by the operation management center. In practical applications, when passengers are not sure whether the departure station they enter is a high-density passenger flow station or a low-density passenger flow station, it is preferred to request a flexible bus stop, and the request method is shown in step (2).
4)乘客预约站点：指根据企事业单位要求或通过乘客组团定制和预约的、只在某时间段内开通的公交站点，定制公交站点只在定制的时间段内才开通，其他时间公交车不停靠该站点。4) Passenger reservation station: Refers to the bus station that is customized and reserved according to the requirements of enterprises and institutions or through passenger groups, and is only opened within a certain time period. The customized bus station is only opened during the customized time period. Dock the site.
(4)弹性公交运力配备与调度模型(4) Elastic bus capacity allocation and dispatching model
假设弹性公交线路L的第i个站点为Zi，T表示公交线路L的每天运营时间 (即首班车至末班车的时间)，△t表示公交线路L的发车间隔时间，则公交线路L 每天最大运输次数为：Assuming that the i-th station of the elastic bus line L is Zi , T represents the daily operating time of the bus line L (that is, the time from the first bus to the last bus), and △t means the departure interval of the bus line L, then the bus line L has a daily maximum The number of shipments is:
INT()表示取整数。INT() means take an integer.
若线路L每班车每个站点都停靠，则站点Zi每天的运输次数为：If every bus on line L stops at every station, the daily transportation times of station Zi are:
Mi＝Mmax (2)Mi = Mmax (2)
由于弹性公交线路不是每班车每个站点都停靠，因此Zi每天的实际运输次数需要进行计算。设ki表示Zi的站点类型，Qi表示站点Zi是否有乘客发出请求，当Zi的站点类型为固定站点和高密度客流站点时，公交车停靠该站点，ki＝1；当 Zi的站点类型为低密度客流站点和乘客预约站点时，公交车应请求停靠该站点， ki＝0。当第j班车站点Zi有乘客发出请求，Qij＝1，当Zi没有乘客发出请求，Qij＝0。则Zi每天的实际运输次数为：Since the elastic bus line does not stop at every bus station, the actual number of daily transportation of Zi needs to be calculated. Letki represent the station type of Zi , and Qi represent whether there is a request from passengers at station Zi, when the station type ofZi is a fixed station and a high-density passenger flow station, the bus stops at thisstation , andki = 1; when When the station type of Zi is a low-density passenger flow station and a station reserved by passengers, the bus should be requested to stop at this station, ki =0. When there is a request from a passenger at the j-th bus station Zi , Qij =1, and when there is no request from Zi , Qij =0. Then the actual daily transportation times of Zi are:
设线路L的总站点数为n，n为常量。则线路L所有站点每天的总运输次数N 为：Let the total number of stations of the line L be n, where n is a constant. Then the total transportation times N of all stations on line L per day is:
通过公式(3)和公式(4)即可对公交线路L进行运力配备与调度。Through the formula (3) and formula (4), the transport capacity allocation and scheduling of the bus line L can be carried out.
应用本发明提出的方法对广州市某条公交线路进行弹性运行和普通运行方式的对比测试，各以一天为测试周期，对该条线路从早班车(7：00)到晚班车 (22：00)进行两种运行方式的试运行测试，并采集相关的运行数据：采集公交线路的站点总数、站点分类、发车时间、发车间隔等数据；记录每班车、每个站点的停靠情况，以及乘客请求情况；利用本发明提出的方法对数据进行处理，并应用公式(3)和公式(4)计算该条弹性公交线路各个站点的运输次数以及线路的总运输次数；与普通运行方式进行对比分析。获得的各项运行数据如表1所示：Apply the method that the present invention proposes to carry out the comparison test of flexible operation and common operation mode to a certain bus line in Guangzhou City, respectively take one day as the test cycle, and this line is from morning bus (7:00) to evening bus (22:00) ) to carry out the trial operation test of the two operation modes, and collect relevant operation data: collect data such as the total number of stations of the bus line, station classification, departure time, departure interval, etc.; record the stop conditions of each bus, each station, and passenger requests Situation; Utilize the method that the present invention proposes to process data, and apply formula (3) and formula (4) to calculate the transportation number of times of each site of this elastic bus line and the total number of transportation of line; Carry out comparative analysis with common mode of operation. The obtained operating data are shown in Table 1:
表1本发明运行方式与普通运行方式的各项运行数据Table 1 The running data of the present invention's running mode and common running mode
通过试运行测试结果表明：本发明提出的弹性公交线路设置及运营调度方法能够节约公交车的运行时间，比普通公交线路运行方式效率更高。The trial run test results show that the flexible bus line setting and operation scheduling method proposed by the present invention can save the running time of the bus, and is more efficient than the common bus line operation mode.
上列详细说明是针对本发明可行实施例的具体说明，该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均应包含于本案的专利范围中。The above detailed description is a specific description of the feasible embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is not used to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not deviate from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case. middle.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610166129.9ACN105719475B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of elastic public bus network is set and running scheduling method |
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| CN201610166129.9ACN105719475B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of elastic public bus network is set and running scheduling method |
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