Air pressure-loading fueller for piston cooling nozzle performance test standTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of annex of piston cooling nozzle performance test stand, more particularly to a kind of piston that is used for cool downThe air pressure-loading fueller of nozzle performance experimental stand.
Background technology
Important component of the piston cooling nozzle (i.e. PCN) as automobile engine, the quality of its performance is to engineThe lubrication of moving piston, cooling effect have extremely important effect.
Piston cooling nozzle is made up of nozzle body and check valve, based on automobile engine specification, the diversity of model, pistonSpecification, the model of cooling nozzles are also a lot, but its structure type is substantially similar.
The switching characteristic of piston cooling nozzle, discharge characteristic test are exfactory inspection projects, it is desirable to all products that dispatch from the factoryCarry out 100% one hundred percent inspection test.The specification of piston cooling nozzle, model are different, its technical requirement difference.
The technical indicator parameter that piston cooling nozzle needs to detect includes：
A) Opening pressure：Flow rises to charge oil pressure value during setting from low to high.Such as：30mL、200kPa±20kPa。
B) closing presure：Flow is dropped to charge oil pressure value during setting by height on earth.Such as：30mL, more than 170kPa.
C) leakage flow：Flow value before unlatching during specified pressure value.Such as：150kPa, less than 0.1L/min.
D) dredge oil amount：Flow rises to flow value during authorized pressure value from low to high.Such as：400kPa, 1.15L/min~1.55L/min。
E) target practice position：When charge oil pressure reaches draining flow rate test pressure value, the position of oily beam injection strike.Such as：Flow is more than or equal to 90% in 400kPa, penetrating designated area.
When carrying out switching characteristic to piston cooling nozzle, discharge characteristic detecting, it is desirable to using automobile engine oil as detection medium,And require to provide charge oil pressure by following several phase sequences：
A) it is vented：Charge oil pressure is quickly increased on Opening pressure, to discharge oil feed line and piston cooling nozzleInterior air.
B) low speed is depressured：Charge oil pressure is reduced to below 100kPa by low speed, and closing presure, leakage stream are tested in this stageAmount.
C) low speed boosts：Charge oil pressure is increased to slightly above Opening pressure by low speed, and Opening pressure is tested in this stage.
D) rapid pressure：Charge oil pressure is quickly increased to slightly above dredge oil amount, target practice position measurement pressure, in this stageTest dredge oil amount, target practice position.
E) reduction of blood pressure in high-speed：Charge oil pressure is quickly dropped to zero.
Therefore, when carrying out switching characteristic, the discharge characteristic detection of piston cooling nozzle, adjustable pressure fueller is necessary's.
By controlling the charge oil pressure of fueller, pressure scanning is carried out to piston cooling nozzle, surveyed with pressure sensorPressure testing power, with flow sensor detection flows, synchronization gain its pressure, flow and target practice position measurement curve, above carried from curveTake each feature physical quantity.Be shown in Fig. 1 current germany volkswagen piston cooling nozzle performance test stand provide pressure, flowIndicatrix.
Traditional adjustable pressure fueller can be summarized as following 4 kinds of structures：
Traditional structure one：As shown in Fig. 2 oil circuit is tested using meter in pressure regulation：Pass through opening for manual adjustment ball valve 2Degree, realizes the regulation of charge oil pressure；High-pressure pump 1 is also show in Fig. 2, flow sensor 3 (for gathered data, otherwise can useFlowmeter), pressure sensor 4 (for gathered data, otherwise available pressure table) and piston cooling nozzle 5, ball valve 2 be to change to supplyTo the critical piece of the engine oil pressure of piston cooling nozzle 5, flow sensor 3, pressure sensor 4 are used as observation and understand real-time streamsAmount and oil pressure.
Traditional structure two：As shown in figure 3, oil circuit is tested using by-pass throttle pressure regulation：Pass through program control regulation rapid switching valve7, change bypass flow size, and change bypass flow velocity using flow speed control valve 6, realize the regulation of charge oil pressure；High-pressure pump in Fig. 31st, flow sensor 3, pressure sensor 4 and piston cooling nozzle 5 are identical with Fig. 2.
Traditional structure three：As shown in figure 4, oil circuit is tested using meter in pressure regulation：Pass through opening for program control regulation proportioning valve 9Degree, and change bypass flow velocity using choke valve 8, realize the regulation of charge oil pressure.
Traditional structure four：As shown in figure 5, drive high pressure pump operation not with common electric machine with structure one, structure two, structure threeTogether, it drives high-pressure pump 1 to run using variable-frequency motor 10, by the rotating speed of programme-control variable-frequency motor 10, realizes charge oil pressureRegulation.
The defects of above-mentioned Conventional tunable forced feed device, is as follows：
Structure one needs the aperture of manually regulation ball valve, and the detection efficiency of experimental stand is low, the work of operating personnelIntensity is big, and the confidence level of testing result depends on the operative skill and sense of responsibility of operating personnel.
The shortcomings that structure one, structure two, structure three, common presence of structure four 1：Due to motor, oil pump, magnetic valve etc.Heating, detection medium machine oil can produce larger temperature rise.
In order to solve the temperature rise of detection medium machine oil, it is necessary to take constant temperature measures.
The following 2 kinds of constant temperature measures of generally use：
A) constant temperature measures one：Using the constant-temperature oil tank with refrigerating function.
B) constant temperature measures two：Using electrical heating constant-temperature oil tank.
For constant temperature measures one：Because refrigeration compressor does not allow quick starting and stopping switch operating, constant-temperature oil tank needs simultaneouslyWith 2 sets of refrigeration, heating systems, refrigeration system continuously runs, by the heating power of fuel temperature measurement feedback control heating system,Realize the thermostatic control of oil temperature；Its shortcoming is that the power consumption cost of experimental stand operation can be higher, and refrigeration system can also produceRaw larger operation noise.
For constant temperature measures two：Detection medium oil temperature is set higher than environment temperature, such as 50 DEG C, and install blowing additionalHeat sinking function, by the heating power of fuel temperature measurement feedback control heating system, realize the thermostatic control of oil temperature；Its shortcomingThe power consumption cost for being experimental stand operation can be higher, it is necessary to prepare special hybrid detection medium machine oil to reach the viscosity of needsCoefficient, heating high temperature can cause medium engine oil viscosity coefficient change and continuously charing, it is necessary to frequent changeMedium machine oil is detected, the operating cost of experimental stand is higher.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, which is that, provides a kind of machine oil in order to solve the above problems without temperature rise and noise is low is used forThe air pressure-loading fueller of piston cooling nozzle performance test stand.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
A kind of air pressure-loading fueller for piston cooling nozzle performance test stand, including air tank, fuel feedingValve, oil return valve, oil return fuel tank, air intake valve, drain tap, barostat and high-pressure air source, the air tankThe oil-supply valve, the oil return fuel tank are installed on the fuel feed pump between the oil inlet of middle and lower part and the piston cooling nozzleIt is installed on the lower section of the jet of the piston cooling nozzle and positioned at the top of the air tank, the oil return valve installationOn oil return pipe between the oil return fuel tank and the air tank, the middle and upper part of the air tank and the air pressure adjustmentThe air intake valve, the tracheae between the air intake valve and the air tank are installed on the tracheae between the gas outlet of deviceOn interlink and be connected to blast pipe, the drain tap is installed on the blast pipe, the air inlet of the barostat and instituteState high-pressure air source connection.
In said structure, air tank, air intake valve, drain tap, barostat and high-pressure air source form gas controlDevice processed, for being controlled to the gas pressure in air tank, so as to realize to the engine oil pressure in air tankControl, and then realize the control to the engine oil pressure in piston cooling nozzle；Air tank, oil-supply valve, oil return valve and returnFuel tank then forms machine oil control device, for providing machine oil to piston cooling nozzle and reclaiming the machine oil of ejection；Air tankIt is then gas circuit and oil circuit is mutually related tie, the gas in air tank internal upper part space enters machine oil the pressure of bottom machine oilEnter piston cooling nozzle to be used to test；Because air has compressibility, so the machine oil output pressure of air tank will not produceRaw mutation, but a stable progressive formation, export the rising of charge oil pressure, fall off rate depends on air injection, dischargeFlow velocity；Barostat is using the ripe source of the gas treatment element applied, on the one hand by the gas pressure of 8bar outer air supply source6.5bar is adjusted to, on the other hand a small amount of mist of oil can be sprayed while supply, there is lubricating function.
The air intake valve and the drain tap are respectively two sets be connected in parallel with each other；So as to be better achievedTo air inlet and the control of the low rate and high-speed of exhaust.
Preferably, often covering the air intake valve includes air inlet electromagnetic valve and air inlet angle pedestal valve, the drain tap is often coveredIncluding exhaust solenoid valve and exhaust angle pedestal valve, the oil-supply valve includes fuel feeding magnetic valve and fuel feeding angle pedestal valve, the oil return valveDoor includes oil return solenoid valve and oil return angle pedestal valve, the control of the control signal of the air inlet electromagnetic valve, the exhaust solenoid valveThe control with controller respectively of the control signal of input, the control signal of the fuel feeding magnetic valve and the oil return solenoid valveOutput end processed connection, the air inlet of the air inlet electromagnetic valve, the air inlet of the exhaust solenoid valve, the fuel feeding magnetic valve enterGas outlet of the air inlet of gas port and the oil return solenoid valve respectively with the barostat is connected, the air inlet electromagnetic valveGas outlet is connected with the control terminal of the air inlet angle pedestal valve, the gas outlet of the exhaust solenoid valve and the control of the exhaust angle pedestal valveEnd connection processed, the gas outlet of the fuel feeding magnetic valve are connected with the control terminal of the fuel feeding angle pedestal valve, the oil return solenoid valveGas outlet is connected with the control terminal of the oil return angle pedestal valve, and the air inlet angle pedestal valve is installed on the air tank and the air pressureOn tracheae between adjuster, the exhaust angle pedestal valve is installed on the blast pipe, and the fuel feeding angle pedestal valve is installed on describedOn fuel feed pump between air tank and the piston cooling nozzle, the oil return angle pedestal valve is installed on the oil return fuel tank and instituteState on the oil return pipe between air tank.
In said structure, corresponding gas is controlled by angle pedestal valve pneumatic corresponding to each solenoid valve control, then by angle pedestal valveBody or oil flow rate, not only it is easy to control, and can avoids using gas or machine oil caused by the direct controlling stream amount of magnetic valveThe problem of heated heating, it ensure that gas and machine oil are temperature-resistant in transmitting procedure, so as to beneficial to more accurate control pistonEngine oil pressure and the more accurate experimental result of acquisition needed for cooling nozzles.
In order to which air inlet and gas exhaust inspecting is better achieved, often covers on the tracheae where the air intake valve and often cover the rowChoke valve is connected in series with respectively on blast pipe where air valve.
In order to reduce exhaust noise, the steam vent of each air inlet electromagnetic valve, each exhaust solenoid valveSteam vent, the steam vent of the fuel feeding magnetic valve, the steam vent and each described exhaust angle pedestal valve of the oil return solenoid valveExhaust outlet is separately installed with the muffler for eliminating exhaust sound.
For the ease of obtaining the real-time charge oil pressure and flow parameter of more accurate piston cooling nozzle, the inflation oilFlow sensor and pressure sensing are also equipped with oil pipe between the oil inlet of the middle and lower part of case and the piston cooling nozzleDevice, the signal output part of the flow sensor and the signal output part of pressure sensor are defeated with the signal of the controller respectivelyEnter end connection.
Specifically, the air inlet electromagnetic valve, the exhaust solenoid valve, the fuel feeding magnetic valve and the oil return solenoid valve are equalFor three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves.Three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves are a kind of solenoid directional control valves of ripe application, and traditional application method is from AMouth air inlet, to P mouths, R mouths switching supply under Electromagnetic Control, but use of the present invention to three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves is using excellent as followsSelect mode：P mouths connect barostat as air inlet, and R mouths run in the muffler of gas, and A mouths are as gas outlet connection angled seatValve.So, angle pedestal valve is in normally off, and three mouthfuls two only need connection one with pipeline between magnetic valve and angle pedestal valve, three mouthfulsDuring two magnetic valve cut-out supply, the spring automatic reset of angle pedestal valve is utilized.
Preferably, four points of the whole space that the space above the machine oil in the air tank is accounted in the air tankOne of to 1/3rd, the position that the air tank is connected with the barostat is located at the machine oil in the air tankTop.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Use air pressure-loading fueller of the present invention to provide machine oil for piston cooling nozzle, without conventional motors,Compressor, machine oil is without temperature rise, and control is more accurate, and experimental result is more accurate, more energy-conservation and environmental protection；Specific advantage is as follows：
1st, medium machine oil is detected without temperature rise, medium machine oil is detected using normal temperature, without configuring special hybrid detection medium machineFor oil to reach the viscosity coefficient of needs, medium machine oil is relatively inexpensive.
2nd, constant temperature measures need not be taken, equipment operation power consumption cost can be reduced.
3rd, constant temperature measures need not be taken, medium engine oil viscosity coefficient is relatively stable and will not produce charing, so as to reduceThe frequency of detection medium machine oil is changed, the operating cost of experimental stand can be reduced.
4th, experimental stand compressor-free, motor, detection operating environment noise level are low.
5th, experimental stand compressor-free, motor, the nearly source strength electromagnetic interference of experimental stand are reduced, test curve interference burrImprove, the repeatability of test result increases with repeatability evaluation index.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the pressure that provides of the piston cooling nozzle performance test stand of current germany volkswagen company, traffic characteristic are bentLine schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the traditional structure one of adjustable pressure fueller；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the traditional structure two of adjustable pressure fueller；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the traditional structure three of adjustable pressure fueller；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the traditional structure four of adjustable pressure fueller；
Fig. 6 is the principle of the air pressure-loading fueller of the present invention for piston cooling nozzle performance test standFigure；
Fig. 7 is main view knot when air pressure-loading fueller of the present invention is used for piston cooling nozzle performance test standStructure schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is that right side when air pressure-loading fueller of the present invention is used for piston cooling nozzle performance test stand regards knotStructure schematic diagram；
The curve that pressure, flow obtained by when Fig. 9 is air pressure-loading fueller application of the present invention change over timeSchematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in fig. 6, the air pressure-loading fueller of the present invention for piston cooling nozzle performance test stand, bagInclude air tank 13, oil-supply valve, oil return valve, oil return fuel tank 11, air intake valve, drain tap, barostat 16 and heightPressurized air source 15, the air intake valve include the first air inlet electromagnetic valve 22, the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20,Second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21, the drain tap include first exhaust magnetic valve 31, first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17, second row pneumoelectricMagnet valve 33, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, the oil-supply valve include fuel feeding magnetic valve 34 and fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23, the oil return valveDoor includes oil return solenoid valve 32 and oil return angle pedestal valve 12, and the space above machine oil in air tank 13 is accounted in air tank 13The a quarter in whole space is to 1/3rd, and general volume is 10 liters, middle and lower part and the piston cooling nozzle 5 of air tank 13Oil inlet between fuel feed pump 28 on fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23, flow sensor 3 and pressure sensor 4, oil return fuel tank are installed11 are installed on the lower section of the jet of piston cooling nozzle 5 and are installed on positioned at the top of air tank 13, oil return angle pedestal valve 12On oil return pipe 29 between oil return fuel tank 11 and air tank 13, the upper position of air tank 13 is in the machine in air tank 13The first air inlet angled seat being connected in parallel is installed on tracheae 30 between the position of oily top and the gas outlet of barostat 16The air inlet angle pedestal valve 21 of valve 18 and second, the gas between the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18 and the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21 and air tank 13Interlinked on pipe and be connected to two blast pipes (unmarked in figure), first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17 and second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19 are pacified respectivelyLoaded on two blast pipes, the air inlet of barostat 16 is connected with high-pressure air source 15, the signal output part of flow sensor 3It is connected with signal input part of the signal output part of pressure sensor 4 respectively with controller (not shown), the first air inlet electromagnetismThe control signal of valve 22, the control signal of the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20, the control signal of first exhaust magnetic valve 31,The control signal of the control signal of two exhaust solenoid valves 33, the control signal of fuel feeding magnetic valve 34 and oil return solenoid valve 32It is connected respectively with the control output end of controller, the air inlet of the air inlet of the first air inlet electromagnetic valve 22, the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20Mouth, the air inlet of first exhaust magnetic valve 31, the air inlet of second exhaust magnetic valve 33, fuel feeding magnetic valve 34 air inlet and returnGas outlet of the air inlet of solenoid 32 respectively with barostat 16 is connected, 22 gas outlets of the first air inlet electromagnetic valve and theThe control terminal connection of one air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the gas outlet of the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20 and the control terminal of the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21Connection, the gas outlet of first exhaust magnetic valve 31 are connected with the control terminal of first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17, second exhaust magnetic valve 33Gas outlet be connected with the control terminal of second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, the gas outlet of fuel feeding magnetic valve 34 and the control of fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23End connection processed, the gas outlet of oil return solenoid valve 32 are connected with the control terminal of oil return angle pedestal valve 12, the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, secondDivide on blast pipe on tracheae where air inlet angle pedestal valve 21 and where first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19Choke valve 8, the steam vent of the first air inlet electromagnetic valve 22, steam vent, the first row of the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20 are not connected in series withThe steam vent of pneumoelectric magnet valve 31, the steam vent of second exhaust magnetic valve 33, the steam vent of fuel feeding magnetic valve 34, oil return solenoid valve 32Steam vent, the exhaust outlet of first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17 and the exhaust outlet of second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19 be separately installed with for eliminatingThe muffler 14 of exhaust sound,
Above-mentioned first air inlet electromagnetic valve 22, the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20, first exhaust magnetic valve 31, second exhaust magnetic valve33rd, fuel feeding magnetic valve 34 and oil return solenoid valve 32 are three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves.Three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves are a kind of ripe applicationsSolenoid directional control valve, traditional application method is from A mouth air inlets, to P mouths, R mouths switching supply, but the present invention under Electromagnetic ControlUse to three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves uses following preferred embodiment：P mouths connect barostat 16 as air inlet, and R mouths run inThe muffler 14 of gas, A mouths connect each angle pedestal valve as gas outlet.So, each angle pedestal valve is in normally off, three mouthfuls of two electricityConnection one is only needed when three mouthfuls of two magnetic valves cut-outs supply, to utilize each angled seat with corresponding pipeline between magnet valve and each angle pedestal valveThe spring automatic reset of valve.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, during application, each part of this air pressure-loading fueller is installed on experimental stand 26,Piston cooling nozzle 5 is installed on the fixture 25 on experimental stand 26, and 24 in Fig. 8 represent the institute being installed on experimental stand 26There is magnetic valve, target practice position measurement device 27 is also show in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the device is unrelated with this air pressure-loading fueller,So do not illustrate.
It is that piston cooling nozzle 5 provides machine oil progress in fact using this air pressure-loading fueller with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8When testing, the main operational principle of this air pressure-loading fueller is as follows：
Boosting exhaust at a high speed：First exhaust magnetic valve 31, second exhaust magnetic valve 33, oil return electromagnetism are controlled by controllerValve 32 is corresponding to close first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, oil return angle pedestal valve 12, and first is controlled by controllerAir inlet electromagnetic valve 22, the second air inlet electromagnetic valve 20, fuel feeding magnetic valve 34 are corresponding to open the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the second flow inlet angleSeat valve 21, fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23, setting pressure (being higher than Opening pressure, such as 300kPa) is boosted at a high speed；
Low speed is depressured：Close oil return angle pedestal valve 12, the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21, second exhaustAngle pedestal valve 19 (or first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17), open first exhaust angle pedestal valve 17 (or second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19), delivery angleSeat valve 23.Low speed is depressurized to setting pressure (being less than closing presure, such as 100kPa)；
Low speed boosts：Close oil return angle pedestal valve 12, the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21 (or first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18), first rowAir horn seat valve 17, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, open the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18 (or second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21), the first air inletAngle pedestal valve 18, low speed boost to setting pressure (being higher than Opening pressure, such as 250kPa)；
Boost at a high speed：First exhaust angle pedestal valve 17, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, oil return angle pedestal valve 12 are closed, opens firstAir inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21, fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23, setting pressure is boosted at a high speed and (is higher than dredge oil amount/target practiceDetect pressure, such as 420kPa in position)；
It is depressured at a high speed：Oil return angle pedestal valve 12, the first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21 are closed, opens firstAngle pedestal valve 17, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23 are vented, is depressurized to 0kPa at a high speed；
Oil return：The first air inlet angle pedestal valve 18, the second air inlet angle pedestal valve 21, fuel feeding angle pedestal valve 23 are closed, opens first exhaustAngle pedestal valve 17, second exhaust angle pedestal valve 19, oil return angle pedestal valve 12, the detection medium machine oil in oil return fuel tank 11 return to air tank13。
During detection operation, charge oil pressure is tested with the test volume flow of flow sensor 3, with pressure sensor 4, can be obtainedTo pressure, flow and the test curve of time, as shown in figure 9, required feature physical quantity can be obtained from the curve.
Explanation：Above-mentioned control method is the preferred application method of this air pressure-loading fueller, not unique method, also notIt is the protection scheme of the present invention.
Above-described embodiment is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the limitation to technical solution of the present invention, as long asThe technical scheme that can be realized on the basis of above-described embodiment without creative work, it is regarded as falling into patent of the present inventionRights protection scope in.