技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种吸痰管，属于医疗器械领域。The invention relates to a sputum suction tube, which belongs to the field of medical instruments.
背景技术Background technique
重症病人由于长期卧床，且大部分病人带有气管插管，痰液无法自行咳出；而痰液留在口腔及牙缝内，容易滋生细菌，产生异味甚至糜烂，引起下呼吸道感染，因此对重症病人的吸痰及口腔护理就显得十分重要。然而在使用气管插管的过程中，容易在气管插管的内壁上附着痰液，进而形成痰痂。单纯依靠一次性吸痰管的负压吸附无法完全从气管插管内壁上清除痰痂，而痰痂的长时间积聚，容易堵塞气管插管，从而影响病人呼吸。更有甚者，如果不能及时发现气管插管堵塞，还容易导致病人死亡，引发医疗事故。Due to long-term bed rest and most patients with endotracheal intubation, the sputum cannot be coughed out on their own; while the sputum stays in the mouth and between the teeth, it is easy to breed bacteria, produce peculiar smell and even erosion, causing lower respiratory tract infection. Sputum suction and oral care for critically ill patients are very important. However, in the process of using the endotracheal tube, it is easy to attach sputum to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube, thereby forming a sputum scab. Simply relying on the negative pressure adsorption of the disposable sputum suction tube cannot completely remove the sputum scab from the inner wall of the endotracheal tube, and the long-term accumulation of the sputum scab can easily block the endotracheal tube, thereby affecting the patient's breathing. What's more, if the blockage of the endotracheal tube cannot be found in time, it will easily lead to the death of the patient and cause medical accidents.
在实践中，为了减少痰痂的形成并清除痰痂，通常需要对病人进行频繁吸痰操作，或者在吸痰时使用大量液体对气管插管进行冲洗。然而频繁吸痰需要频繁切断呼吸机与气管插管之间的通路，对病人的呼吸会造成一定影响。而依靠冲洗作用极易造成病人气管损伤，并且，清除痰痂的效果也差强人意。为此，为了保证病人的正常呼吸，需要不定期更换气管插管，而每更换一次气管插管均不可避免地会再次损伤气管。In practice, in order to reduce the formation of sputum scab and remove it, it is usually necessary to perform frequent suction on the patient, or use a large amount of liquid to flush the endotracheal tube during suction. However, frequent suction of sputum needs to frequently cut off the access between the ventilator and the endotracheal tube, which will have a certain impact on the patient's breathing. And rely on flushing effect to cause very easily patient's tracheal injury, and, the effect of removing phlegm scab is also unsatisfactory. For this reason, in order to ensure the normal breathing of the patient, the tracheal intubation needs to be replaced irregularly, and the tracheal intubation will inevitably be damaged again every time the tracheal intubation is changed.
如果可以提供一种在吸痰操作中可以彻底清除附着在气管插管内壁上的痰痂的吸痰管，将极大地减少吸痰操作的频率，而且，可以避免对气管插管进行冲洗操作。一方面，可以长期保证病人的呼吸道畅通，减少更换气管插管的频率；另一方面，也可以极大地减少医护人员的吸痰操作频率。If a suction tube can be provided that can completely remove the sputum scab attached to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube during the suction operation, the frequency of the suction operation will be greatly reduced, and the flushing operation of the endotracheal tube can be avoided. On the one hand, it can ensure the smooth airway of the patient for a long time and reduce the frequency of replacement of tracheal intubation; on the other hand, it can also greatly reduce the frequency of sputum suction operations by medical staff.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种可在吸痰操作过程中清除痰痂的吸痰管。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sputum suction tube capable of removing sputum scab during the sputum suction operation.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种吸痰管，包括空心的管体，在所述管体前端设置有多个吸痰口，在所述管体后端连接有吸痰管接头，其特征在于：A sputum suction tube, comprising a hollow tube body, a plurality of sputum suction openings are arranged at the front end of the tube body, and a sputum suction tube connector is connected to the rear end of the tube body, characterized in that:
在所述管体靠近前端的区域内设置有刷毛，所述刷毛倾斜设置；bristles are arranged in the area near the front end of the tube body, and the bristles are arranged obliquely;
所述刷毛的一端固定在所述管体的外壁上，另一端向所述管体的后端倾斜延伸。One end of the bristles is fixed on the outer wall of the tubular body, and the other end extends obliquely toward the rear end of the tubular body.
其中较优地，所述吸痰管插入气管插管时，所述刷毛向所述管体收拢，呈收拢状态；当所述吸痰管旋转退出所述气管插管时，所述刷毛随所述吸痰管的管体一起旋转，将聚集在所述气管插管内壁上的痰痂剥离；剥离的痰痂在负压吸附的作用下，从所述吸痰口被吸出。Wherein preferably, when the sputum suction tube is inserted into the endotracheal tube, the bristles are drawn toward the tube body in a folded state; when the sputum suction tube is rotated out of the endotracheal tube, the bristles are The body of the sputum suction tube rotates together to peel off the sputum scab gathered on the inner wall of the endotracheal tube; the stripped sputum scab is sucked out from the sputum suction port under the action of negative pressure adsorption.
其中较优地，所述刷毛收拢时，所述管体设置所述刷毛区域的直径不超过所述管体自身直径的2倍。Preferably, when the bristles are folded, the diameter of the bristle area of the tube body is no more than twice the diameter of the tube body itself.
其中较优地，所述刷毛收拢时，所述管体设置所述刷毛区域的直径是所述管体自身直径的1.3～1.5倍。Preferably, when the bristles are folded, the diameter of the bristle area of the tube body is 1.3 to 1.5 times the diameter of the tube body itself.
其中较优地，所述刷毛在所述管体靠近前端的区域内密集设置。Wherein preferably, the bristles are arranged densely in the area near the front end of the tube body.
其中较优地，所述刷毛的长度不小于所述管体自身直径的1/2。Wherein preferably, the length of the bristles is not less than 1/2 of the diameter of the tube itself.
其中较优地，所述管体设置所述刷毛区域的长度不小于所述管体总长度的2/3。Wherein preferably, the length of the bristle region of the tube body is not less than 2/3 of the total length of the tube body.
其中较优地，所述刷毛是细丝或窄长的带状。Wherein preferably, the bristles are in the shape of filaments or narrow strips.
其中较优地，所述刷毛和所述管体由同一材质制作。Wherein preferably, the bristles and the tube body are made of the same material.
其中较优地，所述刷毛由所述管体外壁经过加工而成。Wherein preferably, the bristles are processed from the outer wall of the tube.
本发明公开了一种吸痰管，包括空心的管体，在管体靠近前端的区域内设置有刷毛，刷毛倾斜设置；当吸痰管插入气管插管时，刷毛向管体收拢，呈收拢状态，从而不会增加吸痰管插入气管插管的难度；而当吸痰管旋转退出气管插管时，刷毛随吸痰管的管体一起旋转，将聚集在气管插管内壁上的痰痂剥离；剥离的痰痂在负压吸附的作用下，从吸痰口被吸出。使用上述吸痰管进行吸痰处理，无需改变现有的吸痰操作，即可在吸痰操作过程中彻底清除附着在气管插管内壁上的痰痂，操作简单，且清除痰痂的效果好，可以长期保证病人的呼吸道畅通，减少吸痰操作和更换气管插管的频率，并且可以避免对气管插管进行冲洗。The invention discloses a sputum suction tube, which comprises a hollow tube body, and bristles are arranged in the area close to the front end of the tube body, and the bristles are arranged obliquely; state, so as not to increase the difficulty of inserting the suction tube into the endotracheal tube; and when the suction tube rotates out of the endotracheal tube, the bristles rotate with the tube body of the suction tube, and the sputum scab gathered on the inner wall of the endotracheal tube Peeling; the peeled sputum scab is sucked out from the sputum suction port under the action of negative pressure adsorption. Using the above sputum suction tube for sputum suction treatment, without changing the existing sputum suction operation, the sputum scab attached to the inner wall of the tracheal intubation can be completely removed during the sputum suction operation, the operation is simple, and the effect of removing sputum scab is good , can ensure the smooth airway of the patient for a long time, reduce the frequency of sputum suction operation and replacement of endotracheal tube, and can avoid washing the endotracheal tube.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明所提供的吸痰管的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sputum suction tube provided by the present invention;
图2是图1所示吸痰管的I部放大示意图；Fig. 2 is the enlarged schematic view of part I of the sputum suction tube shown in Fig. 1;
图3是图1所示吸痰管插入气管插管过程中的状态示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state of the sputum suction tube shown in Fig. 1 being inserted into the endotracheal tube;
图4是图1所示吸痰管在旋转退出气管插管过程中清除痰痂的原理示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of removing sputum scab when the sputum suction tube shown in Fig. 1 is rotated and withdrawn from the endotracheal tube.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的技术内容做进一步地详细说明。The technical content of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明所提供的吸痰管的结构如图1所示，包括空心的管体1，在管体1前端设置有多个吸痰口4，在管体1后端连接有吸痰管接头3，当吸痰管通过吸痰管接头3与负压吸痰装置连接时，痰液会从吸痰口4被吸入管体1内部的管腔，并从吸痰管接头3末端的出口进入负压吸痰装置。The structure of the sputum suction tube provided by the present invention is shown in Figure 1, including a hollow tube body 1, a plurality of sputum suction ports 4 are arranged at the front end of the tube body 1, and a sputum suction tube joint 3 is connected to the rear end of the tube body 1 , when the sputum suction tube is connected to the negative pressure sputum suction device through the sputum suction tube connector 3, the sputum will be sucked into the lumen inside the tube body 1 from the sputum suction port 4, and enter the negative pressure from the outlet at the end of the sputum suction tube connector 3. Pressure suction device.
结合图1所示的整体结构示意图和图2所示的I部放大示意图可知，在管体1靠近前端的区域内密集地设置有刷毛5，刷毛5倾斜设置；刷毛5的一端固定在管体1的外壁上，另一端向管体1的后端倾斜延伸。刷毛5的形状可以是图2所示的细丝，也可以是窄长的带状(未图示)。刷毛5可以和管体1由同一材质制作。刷毛5还可以是由管体1外壁经过切割或雕刻等工艺加工而成。In conjunction with the schematic diagram of the overall structure shown in Figure 1 and the enlarged schematic diagram of part I shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that the bristles 5 are densely arranged in the area near the front end of the tube body 1, and the bristles 5 are arranged obliquely; one end of the bristles 5 is fixed on the tube body 1, the other end extends obliquely toward the rear end of the pipe body 1. The shape of the bristles 5 can be a filament as shown in FIG. 2 , or a long and narrow strip (not shown). The bristles 5 can be made of the same material as the tube body 1 . The bristles 5 can also be processed by cutting or engraving the outer wall of the tube body 1 .
从图1可知，吸痰管的管体1被分为管体前端设置吸痰口4的区域2、靠近管体前端设置刷毛5的区域和位于管体1后端靠近吸痰管接头3的光滑区域。上述三个区域彼此邻接，构成不同的功能区。其中，在吸痰管旋转退出气管插管10进行吸痰的过程中，设置在管体1中段的刷毛5用于冲刷附着在气管插管10内壁上的痰痂，使其从气管插管10的内壁剥离；设置在管体1前端的吸痰口4在向上移动的过程中，可以将痰液及剥离的痰痂吸入管体1内部的管腔，从而达到清理气管插管10的目的。为了彻底清除附着在气管插管10内壁上的痰痂，保证吸痰管旋转退出气管插管10的过程中，刷毛5可以对气管插管10的内壁充分冲刷，如图1所示，吸痰管的管体1上设置刷毛5的区域的长度h应不少于管体1的总长度H的2/3。It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the tube body 1 of the suction tube is divided into the area 2 where the suction port 4 is arranged at the front end of the tube body, the area where the bristles 5 are arranged near the front end of the tube body, and the area located at the rear end of the tube body 1 close to the suction tube joint 3 smooth area. The above three areas are adjacent to each other and constitute different functional areas. Wherein, when the sputum suction tube rotates and withdraws from the tracheal intubation 10 for sputum suction, the bristles 5 arranged in the middle of the tube body 1 are used to wash away the sputum scab attached to the inner wall of the tracheal intubation 10 so that it is removed from the tracheal intubation 10 . The inner wall of the tube body 1 is peeled off; the sputum suction port 4 arranged at the front end of the tube body 1 can suck the sputum and the peeled sputum scab into the lumen inside the tube body 1 during the upward movement, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the tracheal intubation tube 10 . In order to thoroughly remove the phlegm scab attached to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10, and ensure that the suction tube rotates and exits the endotracheal tube 10, the bristles 5 can fully wash the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10, as shown in FIG. The length h of the region where the bristles 5 are arranged on the tube body 1 of the tube should not be less than 2/3 of the total length H of the tube body 1 .
由于在吸痰操作中，一般会选用直径小于1/2气管插管10的内径的吸痰管。因此，为了保证吸痰管顺利进入气管插管10，当吸痰管的刷毛收拢时，管体1设置刷毛5区域的直径应不超过管体自身直径(即管体光滑区域的直径)的2倍。较优地，以刷毛收拢时，管体1设置刷毛5区域的直径是管体1自身直径的1.3～1.5倍为宜。Because in suction operation, generally can select the suction tube that diameter is less than 1/2 inner diameter of tracheal intubation tube 10 for use. Therefore, in order to ensure that the sputum suction tube enters the endotracheal tube 10 smoothly, when the bristles of the sputum suction tube are gathered, the diameter of the bristle 5 area of the tube body 1 should not exceed 2 times the diameter of the tube body itself (that is, the diameter of the smooth area of the tube body). times. Preferably, when the bristles are gathered, the diameter of the area where the bristles 5 are placed on the tube body 1 is preferably 1.3-1.5 times the diameter of the tube body 1 itself.
此外，为了保证在吸痰管从气管插管10内旋出的过程中，设置在管体1外壁上的刷毛5对附着在气管插管10内壁上的痰痂有足够的冲击力度，刷毛5的长度应不小于管体自身直径的1/2，从而当吸痰管旋转时，旋转并张开的刷毛5可以与气管插管10充分接触，从而对气管插管10的内壁产生足够的冲刷力。In addition, in order to ensure that the bristles 5 arranged on the outer wall of the tube body 1 have sufficient impact on the sputum scab attached to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 when the suction tube is unscrewed from the endotracheal tube 10, the bristles 5 The length of the tube body should not be less than 1/2 of the diameter of the tube body itself, so that when the suction tube rotates, the rotating and expanded bristles 5 can fully contact the endotracheal tube 10, thereby generating sufficient washing on the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 force.
下面结合图3所示的吸痰管前端在插入气管插管10过程中的状态示意图和图4所示的吸痰管前端在旋转退出气管插管10过程中的状态示意图，对使用吸痰管对气管插管10内部的痰液和附着于气管插管10内壁上的痰痂11进行清理的过程进行详细说明。Combining the state schematic diagram of the front end of the sputum suction tube in the process of inserting the tracheal intubation 10 shown in FIG. The process of cleaning the sputum inside the endotracheal tube 10 and the sputum scab 11 attached to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 will be described in detail.
如图3所示，在使用吸痰管进行吸痰操作时，首先将吸痰管竖直向下插入气管插管10的底部，吸痰管的移动方向参见图3中向下的箭头。在向下插入的过程中，设置在吸痰管的管体1上的刷毛5向管体1收拢，呈收拢状态。由于管体1设置刷毛5区域的直径不超过管体自身直径(即管体光滑区域的直径)的2倍，吸痰管可以顺利插入气管插管10的底部，不会增加吸痰管插入气管插管10的难度。As shown in FIG. 3 , when using the sputum suction tube for sputum suction, first insert the sputum suction tube vertically downward into the bottom of the endotracheal tube 10 , and refer to the downward arrow in FIG. 3 for the moving direction of the sputum suction tube. During the downward insertion process, the bristles 5 arranged on the tube body 1 of the sputum suction tube are drawn towards the tube body 1 and are in a gathered state. Since the diameter of the bristle 5 area of the tube body 1 is not more than twice the diameter of the tube body itself (that is, the diameter of the smooth area of the tube body), the suction tube can be smoothly inserted into the bottom of the endotracheal tube 10 without increasing the insertion of the suction tube into the trachea Difficulty of intubation 10.
当吸痰管插入气管插管10的底部后，接通负压吸痰装置，然后向上旋出吸痰管，吸痰管的旋转及移动方向参见图4上部的箭头。在吸痰管旋转退出气管插管10的过程中，刷毛5随吸痰管的管体1一起旋转并张开，刷毛5与气管插管10的内壁接触，并对其具有冲刷作用，从而将附着在气管插管10内壁上的痰痂11不断打碎、剥离，形成剥离的痰痂13，而残余的痰痂12会在后续经过的刷毛5的作用下，陆续从气管插管10的内壁上脱落转变为剥离的痰痂13；然后，剥离的痰痂13在负压吸附的作用下，被后续经过的设置在管体1前端的吸痰口4不断吸出，从而达到彻底清除的目的。After the sputum suction tube is inserted into the bottom of the tracheal intubation tube 10, the negative pressure sputum suction device is turned on, and then the sputum suction tube is rotated upwards. For the rotation and moving direction of the sputum suction tube, refer to the arrow on the top of FIG. 4 . During the process of the sputum suction tube rotating and withdrawing from the endotracheal tube 10, the bristles 5 rotate together with the tube body 1 of the sputum suction tube and open, and the bristles 5 contact the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 and have a flushing effect on it, thereby The phlegm scab 11 attached to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 is continuously broken and peeled off to form the peeled sputum scab 13, and the remaining phlegm scab 12 will be gradually removed from the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 under the action of the bristles 5 passing through subsequently. Then, the peeled phlegm scab 13 is continuously sucked out by the sputum suction port 4 arranged at the front end of the tube body 1 under the action of negative pressure adsorption, so as to achieve the purpose of thorough removal.
该吸痰管不仅在管体1的前端设置了吸痰口4，还在靠近管体1前端的区域内密集地设置了刷毛5，通过将刷毛5和吸痰口4设置在两个相邻的区域内，使得刷毛5对痰痂11的冲刷作用和吸痰口4的负压吸附作用互不干扰。并且，通过在整个管体1靠近前端且长度超过管体1总长度的2/3的外壁上设置刷毛5，保证了吸痰管具有足够的刷毛对气管插管10的内壁进行冲刷。The sputum suction tube is not only provided with a sputum suction port 4 at the front end of the tube body 1, but also densely provided with bristles 5 in the area near the front end of the tube body 1. By setting the bristles 5 and the sputum suction port 4 on two adjacent In the region, the flushing effect of the bristles 5 on the sputum scab 11 and the negative pressure adsorption effect of the sputum suction port 4 do not interfere with each other. Moreover, by setting the bristles 5 on the outer wall of the entire tube body 1 near the front end and whose length exceeds 2/3 of the total length of the tube body 1, it is ensured that the suction tube has enough bristles to wash the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10.
此外，在该吸痰管的管体1的外壁上设置的刷毛5以从管体1的前端向后端延伸的方式倾斜设置，保证了吸痰管可以顺利进入气管插管，并且整个插入过程中阻力较小。相对于在管体1的外壁上垂直设置刷毛5的方式具有突出的意义。而当吸痰管旋转退出气管插管10时，刷毛5在离心力的作用下会旋转张开，刷毛5的后端与气管插管10的内壁接触，刷毛5对气管插管10的内壁形成不断的冲刷作用。在该过程中，刷毛5的倾斜方向可能保持从导管前端向后延伸的方向，也可能会与气管插管10的内壁垂直，甚至发生倒转变为从导管1的后端向前端延伸的方向。但无论刷毛5的形态如何，刷毛5的末端必然会与气管插管10的内壁接触，对附着在其上的痰痂11进行冲刷，达到清除痰痂的目的。In addition, the bristles 5 provided on the outer wall of the tube body 1 of the sputum suction tube are arranged obliquely in a manner extending from the front end to the rear end of the tube body 1, which ensures that the sputum suction tube can smoothly enter the tracheal intubation tube, and the entire insertion process Medium resistance is small. Compared with the way of vertically arranging the bristles 5 on the outer wall of the tube body 1, it has a prominent meaning. And when the sputum suction tube rotates and withdraws from the endotracheal tube 10, the bristles 5 will rotate and open under the action of centrifugal force, the rear end of the bristles 5 contacts the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10, and the bristles 5 form a constant shape on the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10. scouring effect. During this process, the inclined direction of the bristles 5 may maintain the direction extending backward from the front end of the catheter, or may be perpendicular to the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 , or even reversed to extend from the rear end of the catheter 1 to the front end. But no matter what the shape of the bristles 5 is, the ends of the bristles 5 will inevitably contact the inner wall of the endotracheal tube 10 to wash away the phlegm scab 11 attached thereto to achieve the purpose of removing the phlegm scab.
综上所述，使用本发明所提供的上述吸痰管进行吸痰处理，无需改变现有的吸痰操作，即可在吸痰操作过程中彻底清除附着在气管插管内壁上的痰痂，操作简单，且清除痰痂的效果好，可以长期保证病人的呼吸道畅通，减少吸痰操作和更换气管插管的频率，并且可以避免对气管插管进行冲洗。In summary, using the above-mentioned sputum suction tube provided by the present invention for sputum suction treatment can completely remove the sputum scab attached to the inner wall of the tracheal intubation during the sputum suction operation without changing the existing sputum suction operation. The operation is simple, and the effect of clearing the sputum scab is good, which can ensure the smooth airway of the patient for a long time, reduce the frequency of sputum suction operation and replacement of tracheal intubation, and avoid washing the tracheal intubation.
以上对本发明所提供的吸痰管进行了详细的说明。对本领域的一般技术人员而言，在不背离本发明实质精神的前提下对它所做的任何显而易见的改动，都将落入本发明专利权的保护范围。The sputum suction tube provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes made to it without departing from the essential spirit of the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the patent right of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610207695.XACN105709282A (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Sputum suction catheter |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610207695.XACN105709282A (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Sputum suction catheter |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105709282Atrue CN105709282A (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610207695.XAPendingCN105709282A (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Sputum suction catheter |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105709282A (en) |
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| US10376664B2 (en)* | 2017-07-13 | 2019-08-13 | Sanlian Zhou | Artificial airway sputum scab cleaner |
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| CN111202891A (en)* | 2020-02-20 | 2020-05-29 | 大连大学附属中山医院 | Sputum suction tube capable of cleaning inner wall of trachea cannula |
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| CN112933312A (en)* | 2021-04-15 | 2021-06-11 | 山东第一医科大学附属省立医院(山东省立医院) | Sputum thrombus cleaning kit and cleaning method |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20160629 |