技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光伏领域，具体涉及一种可应用于空间太阳能发电装置的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统。The invention relates to the field of photovoltaics, in particular to an energy closed-loop super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system applicable to space solar power generation devices.
背景技术Background technique
地外深空探测领域，月球、火星表面都覆盖着一层很厚的土壤层，同时被吹起的尘埃在太阳照射及相互碰撞中会带上电荷，这些尘埃极易在深空探测器的太阳电池阵表面或者光学镜头表面吸附和积累，造成太阳电池阵功率下降以及拍照图像模糊。在地面民用领域，环境污染的加剧光伏发电板、光学镜头、建筑玻璃等表面积累大量的灰尘，清洁难度大、周期长。In the field of extraterrestrial deep space exploration, the surface of the moon and Mars is covered with a thick layer of soil. At the same time, the blown dust will be charged when the sun shines and collides with each other. Adsorption and accumulation on the surface of the solar cell array or the surface of the optical lens will cause the power of the solar cell array to decrease and the photographed image to be blurred. In the field of civil use on the ground, with the intensification of environmental pollution, a large amount of dust has accumulated on the surfaces of photovoltaic power generation panels, optical lenses, and architectural glass, making cleaning difficult and long-term.
1967年，Tatom等人提出了交变电场除尘方法，在尘埃易吸附的表面设计一层规则的交替帘状（或称梳状）电极，将交流电源加载在电帘两端时，表面就会形成规律的交变强电场。尘埃在强电场的极化下，受到电场力而得以摆脱黏附力和重力作用发生跃移运动。通过选择一定的电场频率，颗粒将被电场带离附着表面。该颗粒操纵方法无需机械装置，颗粒与电极无需接触，并适用于多种工况。201110103339.0一种太阳能电池板除尘梳状电路及其工作系统公开了一种基于电帘除尘原理的太阳电池板除尘系统，但是该系统由于蓄电池可提供的电压有限，需要更复杂的变换电路，而且超过100V的母线电压将给航天电源系统带来巨大的风险，极大的限制了其在深空探测领域中应用，同时在地面应用中的还需要充电维护。该发明设计的电帘除尘的不足还在于除尘后会有小颗粒的尘埃残留，对于深空探测中带电尘埃累聚后的颗粒达不到理想的除尘效果，而且对于地面应用中雨水过后附着的尘埃无法清除。In 1967, Tatom et al. proposed an alternating electric field dust removal method. A layer of regular alternating curtain (or comb) electrodes was designed on the surface where dust is easy to absorb. When AC power is loaded on both ends of the electric curtain, the surface will be A regular alternating strong electric field is formed. Under the polarization of a strong electric field, the dust is freed from the force of the electric field and undergoes leaping motion due to the action of gravity and gravity. By choosing a certain frequency of the electric field, the particles will be carried away from the attachment surface by the electric field. The particle manipulation method does not require a mechanical device, and the particle and the electrode do not need to be in contact, and is applicable to various working conditions. 201110103339.0 A solar panel dust removal comb circuit and its working system discloses a solar panel dust removal system based on the principle of electric curtain dust removal, but this system requires a more complicated conversion circuit due to the limited voltage provided by the battery, and exceeds The 100V bus voltage will bring huge risks to the aerospace power system, which greatly limits its application in the field of deep space exploration, and at the same time requires charging and maintenance in ground applications. The disadvantage of the electric curtain dust removal designed in this invention is that there will be small particles of dust residue after dust removal, and the particles after the accumulation of charged dust in deep space detection cannot achieve the ideal dust removal effect, and for the dust attached after the rain in the ground application Dust cannot be removed.
基于微纳凸起、多孔或者绒毛结构防水、防尘特性的超疏基除尘技术已经越来越多用于地面光伏发电板等领域，但是超疏除尘的劣势在于需要依赖重力、风，对颗粒较小的尘埃清除效果有限，无法胜任低重力且无风的深空探测任务，如月球探测中的除尘。The ultra-thin base dedusting technology based on the waterproof and dust-proof characteristics of micro-nano protrusions, porous or fluffy structures has been more and more used in the fields of ground photovoltaic power generation panels, etc., but the disadvantage of super-thin dedusting is that it needs to rely on gravity and wind. Small dust removal effects are limited, and they are not suitable for low-gravity and windless deep space exploration missions, such as dust removal in lunar exploration.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对电帘除尘和超疏除尘的不足之处，本发明设计的一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统表面采用了超疏层，大大降低了尘埃的表面能，尘埃在太阳电池阵表面吸附性降低，因此在电场的作用下尘埃很容易被举起并沿着垂直于电极的方向运动，从而达到除尘的目的，并且大颗粒的尘埃或者尘埃累聚也可以在重力、抖动等作用下也能达到清除的效果。本发明提供的除尘系统不仅除尘效率高、不影响光学性能，而且本发明设计的一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统可以能量闭环并与航天器电源系统隔离，避免了安全性、可靠性隐患，特别适合深空探测中行星着陆中的太阳电池阵尘埃清除。Aiming at the deficiencies of electric curtain dust removal and super-thin dust removal, the surface of an energy closed-loop super-thin electric curtain dust removal system designed by the present invention and applied to space solar cell arrays adopts a super-thin layer, which greatly reduces the surface energy of dust, and dust The adsorption on the surface of the solar cell array is reduced, so under the action of the electric field, the dust is easily lifted and moves along the direction perpendicular to the electrodes, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal, and the large particles of dust or dust accumulation can also be released under gravity , jitter, etc. can also achieve the effect of clearing. The dust removal system provided by the present invention not only has high dust removal efficiency and does not affect the optical performance, but also a kind of energy closed-loop super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system applied to space solar cell arrays designed by the present invention can be energy closed-loop and isolated from the spacecraft power system to avoid It is especially suitable for removing dust from solar battery arrays in planetary landings in deep space exploration.
为达成上述目的，本发明提供了一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统，高压太阳电池模块、与所述高压太阳电池模块相连的DC/AC变换器、与所述变换装置相连的可闭合的继电开关和与所述继电开关相连的升压变压器，其特征在于，还包括制备在除尘防护对象表面上的梳状透明电帘，以及所述的梳状电帘表面覆盖的一层具有微纳结构的超疏层。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an energy closed-loop super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system applied to a space solar cell array, a high-voltage solar cell module, a DC/AC converter connected to the high-voltage solar cell module, and the The closable relay switch connected to the conversion device and the step-up transformer connected to the relay switch are characterized in that they also include a comb-shaped transparent electric curtain prepared on the surface of the dust removal protection object, and the comb-shaped electric curtain. The surface of the curtain is covered with a super-thin layer with a micro-nano structure.
进一步，所述超疏层为两层结构，第一层是作为绝缘衬底覆盖在电帘表面，为SiO2材料，厚度不小于600nm；第二层为在所述绝缘衬底上制备的一层具有微纳结构的超疏层，该层结构的厚度为200nm。Further, the super-sparse layer has a two-layer structure, the first layer is used as an insulating substrate covering the surface of the electric curtain, and is made of SiO2 material with a thickness of not less than 600nm; the second layer is a layer prepared on the insulating substrate A super-thin layer with a micro-nano structure, the thickness of the layer structure is 200nm.
优选地，所述超疏层的微纳结构采用多孔、凸起或者绒毛以及其他具备超疏特性的高透结构，该层结构的厚度为200nm。Preferably, the micro-nano structure of the superphobic layer adopts porous, convex or fluffy and other highly transparent structures with superphobic properties, and the thickness of the layer structure is 200 nm.
进一步，所述高压太阳电池模块由PCB、微小尺寸的太阳电池、硅橡胶绝缘填充和高透玻璃盖片组成，所述微小尺寸的太阳电池尺寸为10mm×10mm，大量微小尺寸太阳电池串联形成开路电压超过300V的电路。Further, the high-voltage solar cell module is composed of PCB, micro-sized solar cells, silicone rubber insulating filling and high-transparency glass cover sheet, the size of the micro-sized solar cells is 10mm×10mm, and a large number of micro-sized solar cells are connected in series to form an open circuit Circuits with a voltage exceeding 300V.
本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages:
（1）提高除尘效率。本发明设计的一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统可以有效解决太阳电池阵表面的尘埃沉积，特别是深空探测中行星表面环境下的尘埃沉积，除尘效率高；(1) Improve dust removal efficiency. An energy closed-loop super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system applied to space solar cell arrays designed by the present invention can effectively solve the dust deposition on the surface of solar cell arrays, especially the dust deposition on the surface of planets in deep space exploration, and has high dust removal efficiency;
（2）能量闭环与有效隔离，本发明采用高压太阳电池模块给超疏电帘除尘系统供电，实现了与航天器电源系统隔离，避免引起安全性、可靠性风险；(2) Energy closed-loop and effective isolation. The present invention uses a high-voltage solar cell module to supply power to the super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system, which realizes isolation from the spacecraft power system and avoids safety and reliability risks;
（3）采用高透过率材料不降低太阳电池阵性能。由于电帘和超疏绝缘材料均为高透明材料，并不影响太阳电池阵的性能。(3) The use of high transmittance materials does not reduce the performance of the solar cell array. Since both the electric curtain and the super-thin insulation material are highly transparent materials, they do not affect the performance of the solar cell array.
结合附图，根据下文的通过示例说明本发明，可清楚本发明的其他方面和优点。Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention by way of example, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
图1是本发明的自发电超疏绝缘电帘除尘系统示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of self-generating super sparse insulation electric curtain dust removal system of the present invention;
图2是本发明的超疏绝缘电帘结构与安装位置示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and installation position of the super-thin insulating electric curtain of the present invention;
图3是本发明的自发电高压模块示意图图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the self-generating high-voltage module of the present invention;
附图中相同或相似的附图标记代表相同或相似的部件。The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar components.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述。应理解，以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限定本发明的范围。任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化，都应落在本发明的保护范围内。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes conceivable by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
现详细说明根据本发明实施例的一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统。An energy closed-loop super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system applied to a space solar cell array according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail.
本发明所述的一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统组成如图1中，电帘除尘系统由高压太阳电池模块1、DC/AC变换器2、继电开关3升压变压器4、梳状透明电帘5以及超疏层6组成。结合图2、图3，制备本发明的一种应用于空间太阳电池阵的能量闭环超疏电帘除尘系统时，包括以下步骤：An energy closed-loop super-repellent electric curtain dust removal system applied to a space solar cell array according to the present invention is composed as shown in Figure 1. The electric curtain dust removal system consists of a high-voltage solar cell module 1, a DC/AC converter 2, and a relay switch 3 It consists of a step-up transformer 4, a comb-like transparent electric curtain 5 and a super-thinning layer 6. In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, when preparing a kind of energy closed-loop super-electrophobic curtain dust removal system applied to a space solar cell array of the present invention, the following steps are included:
（1）采用透明绝缘材料玻璃或者PET为衬底，衬底厚度不超过150μm，在衬底材料上制备一层透明导电材料ITO，ITO厚度为500nm，采用光刻工艺与湿法刻蚀工艺，将ITO层制备为周期间隔的梳状电帘结构；(1) Use transparent insulating material glass or PET as the substrate, and the thickness of the substrate does not exceed 150 μm. A layer of transparent conductive material ITO is prepared on the substrate material. The thickness of ITO is 500nm. Photolithography and wet etching are used. Prepare the ITO layer as a comb-like electric curtain structure with periodic intervals;
（2）然后在表面再次制备一层SiO2绝缘层6_1，厚度不小于600nm，并通过湿化学方法在绝缘层表面制备以TiO2/SiO2为主要材料的凸起、绒毛状的超疏结构6_2，厚度为100nm；(2) Then prepare a layer of SiO2 insulating layer 6_1 on the surface again, with a thickness of not less than 600nm, and prepare a raised and fluffy super-thin structure with TiO2 /SiO2 as the main material on the surface of the insulating layer by wet chemical method 6_2, the thickness is 100nm;
（3）采用高性能印制电路板作为PCB 1_1，在表面布贴大量的微小尺寸（10mm×10mm）的太阳电池1_2，太阳电池串联后形成开路电压不低于300V的电路；(3) Use a high-performance printed circuit board as the PCB 1_1, and paste a large number of solar cells 1_2 with a small size (10mm×10mm) on the surface. After the solar cells are connected in series, a circuit with an open circuit voltage of not less than 300V is formed;
（4）然后在表面填充一层高透过的硅橡胶1_3作为绝缘和粘结剂，厚度为0.1mm，再将一块玻璃1_4覆盖粘贴在整个表面，厚度为0.12mm，形成高压自发电模块1；(4) Then fill the surface with a layer of highly permeable silicone rubber 1_3 as insulation and adhesive, with a thickness of 0.1mm, and then cover and paste a piece of glass 1_4 on the entire surface with a thickness of 0.12mm to form a high-voltage self-generating module 1 ;
（5）搭建由高压太阳电池模块1、DC/AC变换器2、继电开关3升压变压器4、梳状透明电帘5，以及微纳结构的超疏层6；(5) Build a high-voltage solar cell module 1, a DC/AC converter 2, a relay switch 3, a step-up transformer 4, a comb-shaped transparent electric curtain 5, and a super-dense layer 6 with a micro-nano structure;
在继电开关闭合时，梳状电帘开始工作。高压发电模块提供的300V高压经过DC/AC变换和升压后为梳状电帘提供超过1000V的高压交流电源，在周期间隔的梳状电帘表面形成交流电场。由于超疏层大大降低了表面能，尘埃在太阳电池阵表面吸附性降低，因此在电场的作用下尘埃很容易被举起并沿着垂直于电极的方向运动，从而达到除尘的目的，并且大颗粒的尘埃或者尘埃累聚也可以在重力、抖动等作用下也能达到清除的效果。本发明提供的除尘系统不仅除尘效率高、不影响光学性能，而且能够能量闭环并与航天器电源系统隔离，特别适合深空探测中行星着陆中的太阳电池阵尘埃清除。When the relay switch is closed, the electric comb curtain starts to work. The 300V high voltage provided by the high-voltage power generation module provides a high-voltage AC power of more than 1000V for the comb-shaped electric curtain after DC/AC conversion and boosting, and forms an alternating electric field on the surface of the periodically spaced comb-shaped electric curtain. Since the super-thin layer greatly reduces the surface energy, the adsorption of dust on the surface of the solar cell array is reduced, so under the action of the electric field, the dust is easily lifted and moves along the direction perpendicular to the electrodes, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal, and greatly Particle dust or dust accumulation can also achieve the effect of removal under the action of gravity and shaking. The dust removal system provided by the invention not only has high dust removal efficiency and does not affect optical performance, but also can close the energy loop and isolate from the spacecraft power supply system, and is especially suitable for dust removal of solar cell arrays in planetary landings in deep space exploration.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610097642.7ACN105610397B (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2016-02-23 | A kind of super thin electric curtain dust pelletizing system of energy closed loop applied to solar cell for space use battle array |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610097642.7ACN105610397B (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2016-02-23 | A kind of super thin electric curtain dust pelletizing system of energy closed loop applied to solar cell for space use battle array |
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| CN105610397A CN105610397A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| CN105610397Btrue CN105610397B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
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| CN201610097642.7AActiveCN105610397B (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2016-02-23 | A kind of super thin electric curtain dust pelletizing system of energy closed loop applied to solar cell for space use battle array |
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