技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种开采稠油油藏的方法，采用在蒸汽中加入合适比例的二氧化碳方法，达到降低原油粘度的目的，特别涉及一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，属于稠油油藏开采工艺与技术领域。The invention relates to a method for exploiting heavy oil reservoirs, which uses the method of adding a suitable proportion of carbon dioxide into steam to achieve the purpose of reducing the viscosity of crude oil, in particular to a method for exploiting heavy oil reservoirs with carbon dioxide, which belongs to heavy oil reservoirs Mining technology and technology field.
背景技术Background technique
在全球石油的生产开发中，除了极少数产油国外，大部分国家的常规采油已经进入了中期或中后期，普遍现象是开采难度增大，开采成本增加，产量逐渐减小。为了保证以后的发展，一些较大的石油公司不得不调整战略。我国毫不例外的陷入正常的油储量严重匮乏的地步，未来数年后，原油的供不应求现象将会更加凸显，近些年并未发现太多的常规原油的储量，因此，利用稠油资源是改善未来原油短缺的有效手段。全世界已发现的稠油资源有3600亿吨以上的储量，仅加拿大就有500亿立方米左右的蕴藏量，委内瑞拉也是稠油十分丰富的国家。由此可见稠油将是21世纪的重要宝藏。In the production and development of global oil, except for a few oil-producing countries, the conventional oil recovery in most countries has entered the middle or late stage. The common phenomenon is that the difficulty of extraction increases, the cost of extraction increases, and the output gradually decreases. In order to ensure future development, some larger oil companies had to adjust their strategies. Without exception, our country has fallen into a serious shortage of normal oil reserves. In the next few years, the shortage of crude oil will become more prominent. In recent years, not many conventional crude oil reserves have been discovered. Therefore, the use of heavy oil resources is a An effective means to improve the future shortage of crude oil. The world's discovered heavy oil resources have more than 360 billion tons of reserves, and Canada alone has reserves of about 50 billion cubic meters. Venezuela is also a country rich in heavy oil. It can be seen that heavy oil will be an important treasure in the 21st century.
在我国领土上已探明及保护的稠油资源大约为35亿吨，大部分集中在新疆、辽河、胜利及河南油田。仅我国石油类公司预测的稠油资源量就有200亿吨，已发现的地质储量15亿吨，经过多年的努力与实践，目前已形成1000万吨以上的生产能力。因而，我国需要开发高效的稠油油藏已经迫在眉睫。The proven and protected heavy oil resources in our country are about 3.5 billion tons, most of which are concentrated in Xinjiang, Liaohe, Shengli and Henan oilfields. Only my country's petroleum companies have predicted 20 billion tons of heavy oil resources, and 1.5 billion tons of geological reserves have been discovered. After years of hard work and practice, a production capacity of more than 10 million tons has been formed. Therefore, it is imminent to develop high-efficiency heavy oil reservoirs in my country.
热力采油是全球范围内普遍认为开采稠油油藏最有效经济的方法之一，依据对油层的加热方式的不同可以归纳为两大类。一是把热流体注入油层，如注热水，另一类是在油层内局部燃烧产生热量，称为层内燃烧或火烧油层。而且又可以把火烧油层概括为:干式向前燃烧法、湿式向前燃烧法和反向燃烧法。在热力采油中，其中蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱是应用最广泛的方法。Thermal oil recovery is generally believed to be one of the most effective and economical methods for exploiting heavy oil reservoirs worldwide, and can be classified into two categories according to the different heating methods for oil layers. One is to inject hot fluid into the oil layer, such as hot water injection, and the other is to burn locally in the oil layer to generate heat, which is called intralayer combustion or burning oil layer. And can be summarized as again burning oil layer: dry forward combustion method, wet forward combustion method and reverse combustion method. In thermal oil recovery, steam stimulation and steam flooding are the most widely used methods.
注入流体是将加热过的流体通入到某个温度低于流体的油层。流体通常是常态的水(液体和水蒸汽)和空气，其他的流体也可以是C02,N02、烟道气、溶剂等。Injecting fluid is to pass the heated fluid into the oil layer at a lower temperature than the fluid. Fluids are usually normal water (liquid and water vapor) and air, other fluids can also be C02 , N02 , flue gas, solvent, etc.
热水驱:就是将热水注入到地层。它是注热流体中最简便的方法，操作简单，与常规注水开采基本相同。注热水主要是为了降低原油粘度，从而提高原油的驱替效率，提高原油产量。Hot water flooding: is to inject hot water into the formation. It is the most convenient method in hot fluid injection, and the operation is simple, which is basically the same as conventional water injection production. The main purpose of hot water injection is to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, thereby improving the displacement efficiency of crude oil and increasing crude oil production.
蒸汽驱:目前是注热流体中最重要的方法。蒸汽驱是有一套较好的采油系统—开发层系、射孔层段、井网等，从注入井不断向油层通入高温高压湿蒸汽，加热原油的温度，降低原油粘度，最终驱替原油到生产井并采出原油的开采方法。当开采出的油气比达到经济极限值时，结束蒸汽驱方式或采取其他开采方式。Steam flooding: currently the most important method in hot fluid injection. Steam flooding is a set of better oil recovery system - development layer series, perforation interval, well pattern, etc., continuously inject high temperature and high pressure wet steam into the oil layer from the injection well, heat the temperature of crude oil, reduce the viscosity of crude oil, and finally displace crude oil A method of extraction to a production well and extract crude oil. When the recovered oil-gas ratio reaches the economic limit, end the steam flooding method or adopt other recovery methods.
常规的蒸汽驱技术是从注蒸汽井连续地向稠油油藏注蒸汽，利用蒸汽所携带的热量，加热稠油和油层，形成蒸汽腔，蒸汽腔中的原油粘度降低，流动性提高，被蒸汽驱向注蒸汽井周围的生产井，生产井连续地生产。但是，在蒸汽腔内由于重力作用，原油沉积在下部，蒸汽在上部，原油并不能很好地被驱走。The conventional steam flooding technology is to continuously inject steam from the steam injection well into the heavy oil reservoir, use the heat carried by the steam to heat the heavy oil and the oil layer, and form a steam cavity. The viscosity of the crude oil in the steam cavity is reduced and the fluidity is improved. The steam is driven to the production wells around the steam injection well, and the production wells are continuously producing. However, due to gravity in the steam chamber, the crude oil is deposited in the lower part and the steam is in the upper part, so the crude oil cannot be driven away well.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服上述现有技术不足，本发明提供了一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，将在发生器制备的二氧化碳经过锅炉加热后与通过锅炉加热后的过热蒸汽按适当比例进行混合，然后一起注入到注入井，并关闭生产井，通过温度显示器与压力显示器分别显示注入井油藏周围的温度和压力，此后在油藏周围达到一定的饱和温度与压力时，打开生产井，开始采油，一段时间后，温度和压力分别会下降，当下降到某一较低值时，关闭生产井，待温度和压力再次达到饱和值时，打开生产井采油，如此反复进行，一直到所需的油气比值，停止开采。此装置不仅设备简单易行，成本低，而且使能量得到了充分利用，节约了资源，提高了采油率。In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for exploiting heavy oil reservoirs by the carbon dioxide method. The carbon dioxide prepared in the generator is heated by a boiler and mixed with the superheated steam heated by the boiler in an appropriate proportion, and then Inject into the injection well together, and close the production well, respectively display the temperature and pressure around the injection well reservoir through the temperature display and pressure display, and then open the production well when the surrounding reservoir reaches a certain saturation temperature and pressure, and start oil production. After a period of time, the temperature and pressure will drop respectively. When the temperature and pressure drop to a certain lower value, the production well will be closed, and when the temperature and pressure reach the saturated value again, the production well will be opened to produce oil, and so on, until the required oil and gas is reached. Ratio, stop mining. The device not only has simple equipment and low cost, but also makes full use of energy, saves resources and improves oil recovery.
实现本发明目的采用的技术方案:一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，包括以下步骤:Realize the technical scheme that the object of the present invention adopts: a kind of method of carbon dioxide method exploitation heavy oil reservoir, comprises the following steps:
本发明所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法：方法中采用的装置有第一锅炉(1)；二氧化碳发生器(2)；第二锅炉(3)；注入二氧化碳和水蒸汽混合流体的注入井(4)；温度显示器(5)；压力显示器(6)；第一生产井(7)；第二生产井(8)；第三生产井(9)；第四生产井(10)；其特征在于，第一锅炉(1)与二氧化碳和水蒸汽混合流体的注入井(4)通过管道相连，温度显示器(5)、压力显示器(6)分别与二氧化碳和水蒸汽混合流体的注入井(4)，二氧化碳发生器(2)与第二锅炉(3)通过管道相连。A method for mining heavy oil reservoirs by carbon dioxide method according to the present invention: the device adopted in the method has a first boiler (1); a carbon dioxide generator (2); a second boiler (3); injecting carbon dioxide and steam to mix Fluid injection well (4); temperature display (5); pressure display (6); first production well (7); second production well (8); third production well (9); fourth production well (10 ); it is characterized in that the injection well (4) of the first boiler (1) is connected to the injection well (4) of the mixed fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor through pipelines, and the temperature indicator (5), the pressure indicator (6) and the injection of the mixed fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor respectively The well (4), the carbon dioxide generator (2) and the second boiler (3) are connected through pipelines.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，利用化学反应或物理分离方法在二氧化碳发生器内生产制备出所需的二氧化碳物质，然后通过第二锅炉加热二氧化碳气体，通过输送管道输送到注入井。The method for extracting heavy oil reservoirs by carbon dioxide method is characterized in that, the required carbon dioxide substance is produced and prepared in the carbon dioxide generator by chemical reaction or physical separation method, and then the carbon dioxide gas is heated by the second boiler, and the carbon dioxide gas is passed through The delivery pipeline is transported to the injection well.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，通过第一锅炉把常态下的水加热成过热水蒸汽，过热水蒸汽通过输送管道输送到注入井。The method for exploiting heavy oil reservoirs by the carbon dioxide method is characterized in that the water under normal conditions is heated into superheated steam by the first boiler, and the superheated steam is transported to the injection well through the delivery pipeline.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，通过输送管道输送二氧化碳气体和水蒸汽的混合流体到注入井，从而达到降低原油粘度，提高采油率，增大社会效益的目的。The method for extracting heavy oil reservoirs by the carbon dioxide method is characterized in that the mixed fluid of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor is transported to the injection well through the pipeline, so as to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, increase the oil recovery rate, and increase social benefits. Purpose.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，在注入井口安装温度显示器和压力显示器，实时了解油藏的温度和压力的动态变化情况，进行对开井闭井的时间控制，从而能够达到提高采油率和节约社会资源、增大社会效益的目的。The method for a kind of carbon dioxide method for mining heavy oil reservoirs is characterized in that a temperature monitor and a pressure monitor are installed at the injection wellhead to understand the dynamic changes of the temperature and pressure of the reservoir in real time, and the time for opening and closing wells control, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing oil recovery, saving social resources, and increasing social benefits.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，与常规的只通入水蒸汽开采油藏的方法不同，本文采用在通入水蒸汽的同时加入适量比例的二氧化碳气体，参照了二氧化碳气体对稠油具有溶胀、溶解降低原油粘性的作用，溶解于水以后经过与水蒸汽的化学反应生成的碳酸对地层具有降低赌塞的作用。The method for the described method of producing heavy oil reservoirs by carbon dioxide method is characterized in that, unlike the conventional method of only feeding water vapor to exploit oil reservoirs, this paper adopts the method of adding an appropriate proportion of carbon dioxide gas while feeding water vapor, referring to Carbon dioxide gas has the effect of swelling and dissolving heavy oil and reducing the viscosity of crude oil. After being dissolved in water, the carbonic acid formed by chemical reaction with water vapor has the effect of reducing plugging in the formation.
发明的优点Advantages of the invention
与众多装置方法相比，本发明具有明显的特点。较好地克服了现有蒸汽驱法开采稠油油藏场一些方法的不足，设备简单、操作方便、成本低廉、能量利用率高，采油率高，社会效益好，可以应用于大规模二氧化碳法开采稠油油油藏，为人类大规模利用稠油油藏场资源找到了一条新途径。Compared with many device methods, the present invention has obvious characteristics. It overcomes the disadvantages of existing methods of steam flooding to exploit heavy oil reservoirs. It has simple equipment, convenient operation, low cost, high energy utilization rate, high oil recovery rate and good social benefits. It can be applied to large-scale carbon dioxide method Exploitation of heavy oil reservoirs has found a new way for human beings to utilize the resources of heavy oil reservoirs on a large scale.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图及实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
图1为一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法示意图；Fig. 1 is a kind of method schematic diagram of carbon dioxide method exploitation heavy oil reservoir;
具体实施方式detailed description
下面根据附图具体说明一下本发明具体二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法。The method for the concrete carbon dioxide method of the present invention to exploit the heavy oil reservoir will be described in detail below according to the accompanying drawings.
本发明所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法：方法中采用的装置有第一锅炉(1)；二氧化碳发生器(2)；第二锅炉(3)；注入二氧化碳和水蒸汽混合流体的注入井(4)；温度显示器(5)；压力显示器(6)；第一生产井(7)；第二生产井(8)；第三生产井(9)；第四生产井(10)；其特征在于，第一锅炉(1)与二氧化碳和水蒸汽混合流体的注入井(4)通过管道相连，温度显示器(5)、压力显示器(6)分别与二氧化碳和水蒸汽混合流体的注入井(4)，二氧化碳发生器(2)与第二锅炉(3)通过管道相连。A method for mining heavy oil reservoirs by carbon dioxide method according to the present invention: the device adopted in the method has a first boiler (1); a carbon dioxide generator (2); a second boiler (3); injecting carbon dioxide and steam to mix Fluid injection well (4); temperature display (5); pressure display (6); first production well (7); second production well (8); third production well (9); fourth production well (10 ); it is characterized in that the injection well (4) of the first boiler (1) is connected to the injection well (4) of the mixed fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor through pipelines, and the temperature indicator (5), the pressure indicator (6) and the injection of the mixed fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor respectively The well (4), the carbon dioxide generator (2) and the second boiler (3) are connected through pipelines.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，利用化学反应或物理分离方法在二氧化碳发生器内生产制备出所需的二氧化碳物质，然后通过第二锅炉加热二氧化碳气体，通过输送管道输送到注入井。The method for extracting heavy oil reservoirs by carbon dioxide method is characterized in that, the required carbon dioxide substance is produced and prepared in the carbon dioxide generator by chemical reaction or physical separation method, and then the carbon dioxide gas is heated by the second boiler, and the carbon dioxide gas is passed through The delivery pipeline is transported to the injection well.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，通过第一锅炉把常态下的水加热成过热水蒸汽，过热水蒸汽通过输送管道输送到注入井。The method for exploiting heavy oil reservoirs by the carbon dioxide method is characterized in that the water under normal conditions is heated into superheated steam by the first boiler, and the superheated steam is transported to the injection well through the delivery pipeline.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，通过输送管道输送二氧化碳气体和水蒸汽的混合流体到注入井，从而达到降低原油粘度，提高采油率，增大社会效益的目的。The method for extracting heavy oil reservoirs by the carbon dioxide method is characterized in that the mixed fluid of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor is transported to the injection well through the pipeline, so as to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, increase the oil recovery rate, and increase social benefits. Purpose.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，在注入井口安装温度显示器和压力显示器，实时了解油藏的温度和压力的动态变化情况，进行对开井闭井的时间控制，从而能够达到提高采油率和节约社会资源、增大社会效益的目的。The method for a kind of carbon dioxide method for mining heavy oil reservoirs is characterized in that a temperature monitor and a pressure monitor are installed at the injection wellhead to understand the dynamic changes of the temperature and pressure of the reservoir in real time, and the time for opening and closing wells control, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing oil recovery, saving social resources, and increasing social benefits.
所述的一种二氧化碳法开采稠油油藏的方法，其特征在于，与常规的只通入水蒸汽开采油藏的方法不同，本文采用在通入水蒸汽的同时加入适量比例的二氧化碳气体，参照了二氧化碳气体对稠油具有溶胀、溶解降低原油粘性的作用，溶解于水以后经过与水蒸汽的化学反应生成的碳酸对地层具有降低赌塞的作用。The method for the exploitation of heavy oil reservoirs by the carbon dioxide method is characterized in that, unlike the conventional method of only feeding water vapor to exploit oil reservoirs, this paper adopts the method of adding an appropriate proportion of carbon dioxide gas while feeding water vapor, referring to Carbon dioxide gas has the effect of swelling and dissolving heavy oil and reducing the viscosity of crude oil. After being dissolved in water, the carbonic acid formed by chemical reaction with water vapor has the effect of reducing plugging in the formation.
附图1中的数字表示以下部件The numbers in Figure 1 indicate the following components
1、第一锅炉1. The first boiler
2、二氧化碳发生器2. Carbon dioxide generator
3、第二锅炉3. The second boiler
4、注入井4. Injection well
5、温度显示器5. Temperature display
6、压力显示器6. Pressure display
7、第一生产井7. The first production well
8、第二生产井8. The second production well
9、第三生产井9. The third production well
10、第四生产井。10. The fourth production well.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610052295.6ACN105604532A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Method for exploiting thick oil reservoir by carbon dioxide method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610052295.6ACN105604532A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Method for exploiting thick oil reservoir by carbon dioxide method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105604532Atrue CN105604532A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610052295.6APendingCN105604532A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Method for exploiting thick oil reservoir by carbon dioxide method |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105604532A (en) |
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| CN113482584A (en)* | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛爱派能源科技有限公司 | Circulating CO for oil exploitation2Oil displacement and injection device |
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