CN105598024A - Torque-adjustable vibration exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种可调矩激振器，其中同步齿轮（2）、偏心块（3）和调节齿轮（4）通过键连接固定在主动轴（1）上，同步齿轮（10）和偏心块（9）通过矩形花键连接固定在从动轴（8）上，调节齿轮（11）与从动轴（8）中段以大导程螺旋花键形式连接，同步齿轮（6）和偏心块（5）、同步齿轮（12）和偏心块（13）分别固定在绕轴转动的轴套上，从动轴（8）端部连接有调节其轴向运动的装置，例如液压缸（16）。通过改变从动轴（8）的轴向位置，使调节齿轮（11）转过一定角度，从而可以改变偏心块的相位差，进而实现激振器激振力和振幅的改变，以适应不同工况下振动机械的作业需求。

The invention discloses an adjustable torque exciter, wherein a synchronous gear (2), an eccentric block (3) and an adjusting gear (4) are fixed on the driving shaft (1) through a key connection, and the synchronous gear (10) and the eccentric The block (9) is fixed on the driven shaft (8) through a rectangular spline connection, the adjusting gear (11) is connected with the middle section of the driven shaft (8) in the form of a large lead helical spline, the synchronous gear (6) and the eccentric block (5), the synchronous gear (12) and the eccentric block (13) are respectively fixed on the shaft sleeve rotating around the shaft, and the end of the driven shaft (8) is connected with a device for adjusting its axial movement, such as a hydraulic cylinder (16) . By changing the axial position of the driven shaft (8), the adjustment gear (11) can be rotated through a certain angle, so that the phase difference of the eccentric block can be changed, and then the exciting force and amplitude of the exciter can be changed to adapt to different working conditions. The operating requirements of vibrating machinery under certain conditions.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种可调矩激振器An adjustable torque exciter

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种机械振动发生装置，尤其涉及一种激振器。The invention relates to a mechanical vibration generating device, in particular to an exciter.

背景技术Background technique

激振器用以产生力，并能将这种激励力施加到其他结构和设备上的装置，激振器能使被激物件获得一定形式和大小的振动量，广泛应用于振动筛、振动桩锤等振动设备上。近年来，为满足不同工况，有必要实现激振器激振力和振幅的可调，而传统的手动拆箱式和磁块两级式有级调矩方式已经远远不能满足现代工业发展。现在的无极调矩激振器有这样几种方式：（1）滑移齿轮式——利用大螺旋人字形齿轮的轴向移动，使与其啮合的两组同步齿轮相对旋转，从而达到调节无级偏心矩的目的；（2）四轴调整轴式——调整轴上有两段旋向相反的大导程螺旋花键，两键上各装一齿轮，其中一个齿轮与下面的同步齿轮相啮合，另一个齿轮则通过中间齿轮与上面同步齿轮相啮合，轴向滑动调整轴，下组偏心块相对上组偏心块转动，亦可达到无级调整偏心力矩的目的；（3）三轴调整轴式——相当于在两轴基础上增设了一调整轴，产生了三轴的外观效果。上述三种方式均是采用独立于偏心体轴的调整机构，一方面增加了制造装配的难度，耗材增多，成本较高；另一方面致使激振器体积增大、总尺寸较高和总体质量变重，导致使用时的方便性变差、工作振幅减小。The exciter is used to generate force and apply this exciting force to other structures and equipment. The exciter can make the excited object obtain a certain form and size of vibration. It is widely used in vibrating screens and vibrating pile hammers. Wait for the vibration device. In recent years, in order to meet different working conditions, it is necessary to realize the adjustment of the excitation force and amplitude of the exciter. However, the traditional manual unpacking type and the two-stage magnetic block two-stage step torque adjustment method are far from meeting the needs of modern industrial development. . There are several ways of the current stepless torque regulating vibrator: (1) Sliding gear type - use the axial movement of the large spiral herringbone gear to make the two sets of synchronous gears meshing with it rotate relatively, so as to achieve stepless adjustment The purpose of the eccentric moment; (2) Four-axis adjustment shaft type - there are two large-lead helical splines with opposite rotation directions on the adjustment shaft, and a gear is installed on each of the two keys, and one of the gears meshes with the synchronous gear below , the other gear is meshed with the upper synchronous gear through the intermediate gear, and the adjustment shaft is slid axially, and the lower set of eccentric blocks rotates relative to the upper set of eccentric blocks, which can also achieve the purpose of stepless adjustment of eccentric torque; (3) Three-axis adjustment shaft Type - equivalent to adding an adjustment axis on the basis of two axes, resulting in the appearance of three axes. The above three methods all use an adjustment mechanism independent of the axis of the eccentric body. On the one hand, it increases the difficulty of manufacturing and assembly, increases the consumables, and increases the cost; It becomes heavier, resulting in poor convenience and reduced working amplitude.

近年来，出现了一些将调整机构集成于偏心体轴的技术方案：（1）中国实用新型专利CN2793161Y公开了一种振动器偏心力矩调整机构，通过在从动轴上设置以从动齿轮为行星架的行星排，利用液压缸活塞杆的伸缩带动行星排齿圈的旋转，进而改变偏心块相位差，实现改变偏心力矩的目的。这种方案对行星排的制造、安装工艺有很高的要求，设备运转的稳定性较差。（2）中国发明专利CN101768971B公开了一种内部直置式偏心力矩调整机构，其偏心力矩调整机构设置在激振器箱体内部后侧位置，由通过液压缸活塞杆带动加工有螺旋花键的主动轴和从动轴上轴套轴向移动，进而带动主动轴和从动轴旋转，使偏心块产生相位差，实现改变偏心力矩的目的。这种方案机构比较复杂，对制造工艺要求较高。（3）中国实用新型专利CN2457210Y公开了一种振动器偏心力矩调整机构，其特征在于从动轴内加工有花键，从动轴的端部在同一轴线上独立安装大导程螺旋内花键的调整轴，调整轴上固定安装一个同步齿轮与偏心体的主动轴端部固定安装的同步齿轮相啮合，加工有花键和大导程螺旋花键的连接轴，通过键配合将从动轴与调整轴连接。这种方案实际上是对三轴调整轴式的改进，将原第三轴放到从动轴孔内，制造工艺要求较高，从动轴由于中空，强度很难保障。In recent years, there have been some technical solutions that integrate the adjustment mechanism with the eccentric body shaft: (1) Chinese utility model patent CN2793161Y discloses an eccentric torque adjustment mechanism for a vibrator, by setting the driven gear on the driven shaft as a planet The planetary row of the frame uses the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to drive the rotation of the planetary row ring gear, and then changes the phase difference of the eccentric block to achieve the purpose of changing the eccentric moment. This solution has high requirements on the manufacturing and installation process of the planetary row, and the stability of the equipment operation is relatively poor. (2) Chinese invention patent CN101768971B discloses an internal straight-mounted eccentric moment adjustment mechanism. The eccentric moment adjustment mechanism is set at the rear side of the exciter box, driven by a hydraulic cylinder piston rod and processed with a helical spline. The shaft sleeve on the shaft and the driven shaft moves axially, and then drives the driving shaft and the driven shaft to rotate, so that the eccentric block produces a phase difference to achieve the purpose of changing the eccentric torque. The structure of this scheme is relatively complicated and has higher requirements on the manufacturing process. (3) Chinese utility model patent CN2457210Y discloses a vibrator eccentric moment adjustment mechanism, which is characterized in that a spline is processed inside the driven shaft, and the end of the driven shaft is independently installed with a large lead helical internal spline on the same axis The adjustment shaft, a synchronous gear fixedly installed on the adjustment shaft meshes with the synchronous gear fixedly installed at the end of the driving shaft of the eccentric body, and the connecting shaft with splines and large-lead helical splines is processed, and the driven shaft is connected through key fit. Connected to the adjustment shaft. This solution is actually an improvement to the three-axis adjustment shaft type. The original third shaft is placed in the hole of the driven shaft. The manufacturing process requires high requirements. The driven shaft is hollow and the strength is difficult to guarantee.

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于公知技术存在的问题，本发明旨在提供一种加工容易，结构科学合理，可靠性强的可变矩激振器。In view of the problems existing in the known technology, the present invention aims to provide a variable moment exciter with easy processing, scientific and reasonable structure and strong reliability.

为了解决上述问题，本发明是采用以下方式来实现的：一种可调矩激振器，包括皮带轮，箱体，主动轴，从动轴，主动轴和从动轴上各有两个同步齿轮和偏心块，其中主动轴上有一个齿轮和偏心块以键连接固定，其特征在于：主动轴上还固定有一个调节齿轮；从动轴中段加工有大导程螺旋外花键，从动轴上有一个与上述调节齿轮啮合且内孔加工有大导程螺旋花键的调节齿轮；从动轴右端加工有矩形外花键，从动轴上有一个齿轮和偏心块加工有矩形内花键；主动轴和从动轴上的另外一个齿轮和偏心块分别固定在可绕轴转动的轴套上；从动轴两个端部加工成外花键，通过加工有内花键的轴套支撑在轴承上；从动轴连接有能使其产生轴向移动的装置。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved in the following manner: an adjustable torque exciter, comprising a belt pulley, a casing, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, and two synchronous gears are respectively arranged on the driving shaft and the driven shaft And the eccentric block, wherein there is a gear on the driving shaft and the eccentric block is fixed by a key connection, and it is characterized in that: an adjusting gear is also fixed on the driving shaft; the middle section of the driven shaft is processed with a large lead helical external spline, There is an adjustment gear meshing with the above adjustment gear and the inner hole is processed with a large lead helical spline; the right end of the driven shaft is processed with a rectangular external spline, and a gear and eccentric block on the driven shaft are processed with a rectangular internal spline ;The other gear and eccentric block on the driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively fixed on the shaft sleeves that can rotate around the shaft; the two ends of the driven shaft are processed into external splines, which are supported by the shaft sleeves processed with internal splines On the bearing; the driven shaft is connected with a device that can make it move axially.

一般的，可以采用紧定螺钉的方式将主动轴和从动轴上空套齿轮和偏心块固定在可绕轴转动的轴套上，也可以采用焊接等方式；可以采用液压缸作为使从动轴产生轴向移动的装置，液压缸的活塞杆通过推力轴承与从动轴端部固定，通过活塞杆的伸缩可以实现从动轴的轴向移动，也可以采用丝杠等结构。Generally, the idler gear and eccentric block on the driving shaft and the driven shaft can be fixed on the shaft sleeve that can rotate around the shaft by means of set screws, or welding can be used; a hydraulic cylinder can be used to make the driven shaft A device that produces axial movement. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the end of the driven shaft through a thrust bearing. The axial movement of the driven shaft can be realized through the expansion and contraction of the piston rod, and a screw or other structure can also be used.

通过类似于液压缸的设备可以使从动轴产生轴向移动，通过从动轴的调节齿轮转化为主动轴的转动，进而使由固定于主动轴的偏心块和空套于从动轴的偏心块组成的偏心块组相对于由空套于主动轴的偏心块合固定于从动轴的偏心块组成的偏心块组产生相位差，以此实现改变偏心力矩的目的。本发明相比公知技术，一是结构合理简单，将偏心力矩调整装置集中于偏心体轴，不需要额外的调整装置；二是零件制造方便，所述从动轴外表面矩形花键和大导程螺旋花键制造技术现在国内已经很成熟；三是可靠性强，没有出现因简化结构而以可靠性为代价的情况。综上，本发明公开的可变矩激振器能够很好地实现无极变矩的效果。The driven shaft can be moved axially by equipment similar to a hydraulic cylinder, which is converted into the rotation of the driving shaft through the adjusting gear of the driven shaft, and then the eccentric block fixed on the driving shaft and the eccentric shaft sleeved on the driven shaft The eccentric block group composed of blocks produces a phase difference with respect to the eccentric block group composed of the eccentric block empty sleeved on the driving shaft and the eccentric block fixed on the driven shaft, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the eccentric moment. Compared with the known technology, the present invention has the following advantages: firstly, the structure is reasonable and simple, the eccentric moment adjustment device is concentrated on the eccentric body shaft, and no additional adjustment device is needed; The manufacturing technology of Cheng helical spline is very mature in China now; the third is that the reliability is strong, and there is no situation where the reliability is at the expense of simplifying the structure. To sum up, the variable torque vibrator disclosed in the present invention can well realize the effect of stepless torque change.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图是本发明涉及的可变矩激振器剖视图。The accompanying drawing is a sectional view of the variable moment vibrator involved in the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

如附图所示，一种可调矩激振器，包括皮带轮17，箱体18，主动轴1，从动轴8，互相啮合的同步齿轮2和12、同步齿轮6和10，偏心块3、5、9、13；同步齿轮2和偏心块3以键连接的方式固定在主动轴1上；还包括以键连接的方式固定在主动轴1上的调节齿轮4，与调节齿轮4啮合且加工有螺旋内花键的从动轴8上的调节齿轮11，从动轴8中间加工成与调节齿轮11配合的大导程螺旋外花键；前述同步齿轮10和偏心块9加工有内花键，从动轴8右端加工成与同步齿轮10和偏心块9配合的外花键；前述同步齿轮6和偏心块5以紧定螺钉固定在可绕主动轴1旋转的轴套上，前述同步齿轮12和偏心块13以紧定螺钉固定在可绕从动轴8旋转的轴套上；从动轴8两个端部加工成外花键，通过加工有内花键的轴套7和14支撑在轴承上；液压缸16的活塞杆通过推力轴承15与从动轴8固定，通过活塞杆的伸缩可以实现从动轴8的轴向移动。As shown in the drawings, an adjustable torque exciter includes a pulley 17, a box body 18, a driving shaft 1, a driven shaft 8, mutually meshing synchronous gears 2 and 12, synchronous gears 6 and 10, and an eccentric block 3 , 5, 9, 13; the synchronous gear 2 and the eccentric block 3 are fixed on the drive shaft 1 in a keyed manner; also include an adjustment gear 4 fixed on the drive shaft 1 in a keyed manner, meshing with the adjustment gear 4 and The adjusting gear 11 on the driven shaft 8 with spiral internal splines is processed, and the middle of the driven shaft 8 is processed into a large-lead spiral external spline matched with the adjusting gear 11; the aforementioned synchronous gear 10 and eccentric block 9 are processed with internal splines Key, the right end of the driven shaft 8 is processed into an external spline that cooperates with the synchronous gear 10 and the eccentric block 9; the aforementioned synchronous gear 6 and the eccentric block 5 are fixed on the shaft sleeve that can rotate around the driving shaft 1 with set screws, and the aforementioned synchronous The gear 12 and the eccentric block 13 are fixed on the sleeve that can rotate around the driven shaft 8 with set screws; the two ends of the driven shaft 8 are processed into external splines, and the shaft sleeves 7 and 14 that are processed with internal splines Supported on the bearing; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixed to the driven shaft 8 through the thrust bearing 15, and the axial movement of the driven shaft 8 can be realized through the expansion and contraction of the piston rod.

下面进一步根据本发明的结构描述其工作原理：激振器工作时，动力通过固定在主动轴1的皮带轮17驱动主动轴1，通过调节齿轮4将动力输入到从动轴，通过同步齿轮2与12、同步齿轮6与10的啮合，使偏心块3、5、9、13旋转，其中偏心块3和13组成第一偏心块组，偏心块5和9组成第二偏心块组。当要改变偏心力矩时，通过液压缸16活塞杆伸缩，驱动从动轴发生轴向位移，在大导程螺旋花键的作用下，调节齿轮11发生旋转，通过调节齿轮4带动主动轴旋转，进而通过同步齿轮2和12带动偏心块3和13旋转,此时第一偏心块组与第二偏心块组产生相位差。控制活塞杆行程，可以实现两组偏心块组相位差0-180°的改变，进而实现对激振器偏心力矩的任意调整。Further describe its working principle according to the structure of the present invention below: when the exciter works, the power drives the driving shaft 1 through the belt pulley 17 fixed on the driving shaft 1, and the power is input to the driven shaft by the adjusting gear 4, and the synchronizing gear 2 and 12. The meshing of the synchronous gears 6 and 10 causes the eccentric masses 3, 5, 9, and 13 to rotate, wherein the eccentric masses 3 and 13 form the first eccentric mass group, and the eccentric masses 5 and 9 form the second eccentric mass group. When the eccentric moment needs to be changed, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 16 expands and contracts to drive the driven shaft to undergo axial displacement. Under the action of the large-lead helical spline, the adjusting gear 11 rotates, and the driving shaft is driven to rotate through the adjusting gear 4. Furthermore, the synchronous gears 2 and 12 drive the eccentric blocks 3 and 13 to rotate, and at this time, a phase difference occurs between the first eccentric block group and the second eccentric block group. By controlling the stroke of the piston rod, the phase difference of the two sets of eccentric blocks can be changed by 0-180°, and then the eccentric torque of the exciter can be adjusted arbitrarily.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种可调矩激振器，包括皮带轮（17），箱体（18），主动轴（1），从动轴（8），互相啮合的同步齿轮（2）和（12）、同步齿轮（6）和（10），偏心块（3）、（5）、（9）、（13）；所述同步齿轮（2）和偏心块（3）以键连接的方式固定在主动轴（1）上，其特征在于：还包括以键连接的方式固定在主动轴（1）上的调节齿轮（4），与调节齿轮（4）啮合且加工有螺旋内花键的从动轴（8）上的调节齿轮（11），所述从动轴（8）中间加工成与调节齿轮（11）配合的大导程螺旋外花键；所述同步齿轮（10）和偏心块（9）加工有内花键，所述从动轴（8）右端加工成与同步齿轮（10）和偏心块（9）配合的外花键；所述同步齿轮（6）和偏心块（5）固定在可绕主动轴（1）旋转的轴套上，所述同步齿轮（12）和偏心块（13）固定在可绕从动轴（8）旋转的轴套上；所述从动轴（8）两个端部加工成外花键，通过加工有内花键的轴套（7）和（14）支撑在轴承上；所述从动轴（8）连接有能使其产生轴向移动的装置。1. An adjustable torque exciter, including pulley (17), box (18), driving shaft (1), driven shaft (8), synchronous gears (2) and (12) meshing with each other, synchronous Gears (6) and (10), eccentric blocks (3), (5), (9), (13); the synchronous gear (2) and eccentric block (3) are fixed on the drive shaft ( 1), which is characterized in that: it also includes an adjustment gear (4) fixed on the drive shaft (1) in a keyed manner, a driven shaft (8) meshing with the adjustment gear (4) and processed with a helical internal spline ) on the adjusting gear (11), the middle of the driven shaft (8) is processed into a large-lead helical external spline matched with the adjusting gear (11); the synchronous gear (10) and the eccentric block (9) are processed There is an internal spline, and the right end of the driven shaft (8) is processed into an external spline that cooperates with the synchronous gear (10) and the eccentric block (9); the synchronous gear (6) and the eccentric block (5) are fixed on the On the sleeve that rotates around the driving shaft (1), the synchronous gear (12) and the eccentric block (13) are fixed on the sleeve that can rotate around the driven shaft (8); the driven shaft (8) The two ends are processed into external splines, which are supported on the bearings through the shaft sleeves (7) and (14) processed with internal splines; the driven shaft (8) is connected with a device that can make it move axially.2.如权利要求1所述的一种可调矩激振器，其特征在于所述能使从动轴（8）产生轴向移动的装置为液压缸（16），所述液压缸（16）的活塞杆通过推力轴承（15）与从动轴（8）固定，通过活塞杆的伸缩可以实现从动轴（8）的轴向移动。2. An adjustable torque exciter according to claim 1, characterized in that the device capable of axially moving the driven shaft (8) is a hydraulic cylinder (16), and the hydraulic cylinder (16 ) of the piston rod is fixed to the driven shaft (8) through the thrust bearing (15), and the axial movement of the driven shaft (8) can be realized through the expansion and contraction of the piston rod.3.如权利要求1所述的一种可调矩激振器，其特征在于同步齿轮（6）和偏心块（5）以紧定螺钉固定在可绕主动轴（1）旋转的轴套上，同步齿轮（12）和偏心块（13）以紧定螺钉固定在可绕从动轴（8）旋转的轴套上。3. An adjustable torque exciter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the synchronous gear (6) and the eccentric block (5) are fixed on the bushing that can rotate around the drive shaft (1) with set screws , the synchronous gear (12) and the eccentric block (13) are fixed on the axle sleeve that can rotate around the driven shaft (8) with set screws.