技术领域technical field
本发明属于电气设备缺陷诊断领域，涉及一种基于特征气体检测的开关柜内绝缘件缺陷预测方法。The invention belongs to the field of defect diagnosis of electrical equipment, and relates to a method for predicting defects of insulating parts in a switch cabinet based on characteristic gas detection.
背景技术Background technique
随着电网的日益扩大，电网结构的日趋复杂，变电站无人值班的管理模式和综合自动化的普及与推广，高压开关柜故障造成的停电事故给生产和生活带来的损失越来越大。高压开关柜是向用户供电的最直接的设备，其运行可靠性，直接关系到供电质量和供电可靠程度。而开关柜故障的原因主要来自绝缘件的两类缺陷所造成，一类是在有机绝缘材料表面爬电但未形成碳化通道缺陷，这种缺陷一旦形成会在长期的电力运行及材料老化过程中继续恶化，使得绝缘材料表面贯穿造成严重的开关柜事故；另一类缺陷是开关柜内绝缘件由于施工或生产工艺等原因导致的局部裂纹、起泡等现象引起的绝缘件表面局部放电，当绝缘劣化和局部放电水平达到一定时，就会引起开关柜的事故。如果发生开关柜异常造成用户突然停电，不但给用户造成很大的经济损失，而且会造成不良的社会影响。With the increasing expansion of the power grid and the increasingly complex structure of the power grid, the unattended management mode of substations and the popularization and promotion of comprehensive automation, the power outage accidents caused by high-voltage switchgear failures have brought more and more losses to production and life. High-voltage switchgear is the most direct equipment for supplying power to users, and its operational reliability is directly related to the quality and reliability of power supply. The reason for the failure of the switchgear is mainly caused by two types of defects in the insulating parts. One is the creepage on the surface of the organic insulating material but no carbonization channel defect is formed. Continue to deteriorate, making the surface of the insulating material penetrate through and cause serious switch cabinet accidents; another type of defect is the partial discharge on the surface of the insulating part caused by local cracks and bubbles caused by construction or production process of the insulating part in the switch cabinet. When the insulation deterioration and partial discharge level reach a certain level, it will cause the accident of the switchgear. If the abnormality of the switchgear causes the user to suddenly lose power, it will not only cause great economic losses to the user, but also cause adverse social impacts.
目前对开关柜绝缘材料的监测方法大都基于温度监控，但由于开关柜内绝缘件颇多，单独监控一个温度难以及时反应柜内绝缘件的绝缘性能的劣化情况情况。同时，温度的监控也不能对开关柜绝缘件的缺陷作出早期预警，这两点是温度监控的最大弊端。因此亟需研究柜内其他在线监测方法，以期及时发现异常，排除隐患。At present, most of the monitoring methods for insulating materials of switchgear are based on temperature monitoring. However, due to the large number of insulating parts in the switchgear, it is difficult to monitor the temperature alone to reflect the deterioration of the insulation performance of the insulating parts in the cabinet in time. At the same time, temperature monitoring cannot provide early warning of defects in switchgear insulation. These two points are the biggest drawbacks of temperature monitoring. Therefore, it is urgent to study other online monitoring methods in the cabinet, in order to detect abnormalities in time and eliminate hidden dangers.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是：主要针对有机绝缘件表面局部碳化缺陷及绝缘件表面局部放电缺陷，提出了一种通过特征气体检测进行该种缺陷预警方法，该方法思路新颖、操作简单易行。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: mainly aiming at local carbonization defects on the surface of organic insulating parts and partial discharge defects on the surface of insulating parts, a method for early warning of such defects through characteristic gas detection is proposed. The method is novel in idea and simple in operation .
一种基于特征气体检测的开关柜内绝缘件缺陷预测方法，包括以下步骤：A method for predicting defects of insulating parts in a switch cabinet based on characteristic gas detection, comprising the following steps:
步骤1：利用气体浓度传感器采集开关柜内气体浓度；Step 1: Use the gas concentration sensor to collect the gas concentration in the switch cabinet;
所述气体浓度包括CO2、NH3、HCN及O3三种气体浓度；The gas concentration includes three gas concentrations of CO2 , NH3 , HCN and O3 ;
步骤2：依据步骤1采集的气体浓度对开关柜内绝缘件的材料绝缘性能进行判断；Step 2: According to the gas concentration collected in step 1, judge the material insulation performance of the insulating parts in the switch cabinet;
步骤2.1：若CO2浓度大于或等于CO2浓度设定阈值X1，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.1: If the CO2 concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold value X1 of the CO2 concentration, there is a change in the insulating properties of the insulation material;
步骤2.2：若NH3浓度大于或等于NH3浓度设定阈值X2，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.2: If the NH3 concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold X2 of the NH3 concentration, there is a change in the insulation performance of the insulating material;
步骤2.3：若HCN浓度大于或等于HCN浓度设定阈值X3，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.3: If the HCN concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold X3 of the HCN concentration, there is a change in the insulation performance of the insulating material;
步骤2.4：若O3浓度大于或等于O3浓度设定阈值X4，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.4: If the O3 concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold value X4 of the O3 concentration, there is a change in the insulation performance of the insulating material;
若以上条件均不满足，则开关柜内绝缘件的材料绝缘性能均为发生改变；If none of the above conditions are met, the material insulation performance of the insulating parts in the switch cabinet will be changed;
步骤3：依据步骤2的判断结果，对开关柜内绝缘件进行缺陷预测：Step 3: According to the judgment result of step 2, predict the defects of the insulating parts in the switch cabinet:
A：若步骤2.1-2.3中存在两个或两个以上的条件成立，则开关柜内绝缘件存在缺陷；A: If two or more conditions are established in steps 2.1-2.3, the insulation in the switchgear is defective;
B：若步骤2.4条件成立，则开关柜内绝缘件存在缺陷。B: If the condition of step 2.4 is satisfied, the insulating parts in the switch cabinet are defective.
所述O3浓度设定阈值X4取空气中O3浓度的2-3倍。The O3 concentration setting threshold X4 is 2-3 times of the O3 concentration in the air.
基于步骤3得到的预测结果，通过报警装置发出缺陷警报。Based on the prediction result obtained in step 3, a defect alarm is issued through the alarm device.
所述报警装置为声光报警装置。The alarm device is an audible and visual alarm device.
所述CO2浓度设定阈值X1取值为530PPM，NH3浓度设定阈值X2取值为4.5PPM，HCN浓度设定阈值X3取值为6.0PPM。The CO2 concentration threshold value X1 is 530PPM, the NH3 concentration threshold value X2 is 4.5PPM, and the HCN concentration threshold value X3 is 6.0PPM.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明提供了一种基于特征气体检测的开关柜内绝缘件缺陷预测方法，该方法根据有机绝缘材料在热解时释放出与材料有关的特征气体及其绝缘件表面发生局部放电时产生臭氧气体的特性，且因开关室体积小，在绝缘件表面出现局部碳化未形成贯穿通道时，以及较小的局部放电时，就能检测出特征气体，从而实现早期预警。使得有机绝缘材料表面未形成贯穿损坏之前以及绝缘件局部放电未造成事故之前预警，及时通知工作人员处理；该方法可对开关柜内有机材料和无机材料绝缘件是否存在缺陷能进行再现检测和预警；且由于只采用特征气体作为检测量，所以抗外界干扰能力强，预警准确率高；可以及时指导运维人员采取应对措施，避免设备损坏事故。The invention provides a method for predicting defects of insulating parts in switch cabinets based on characteristic gas detection. The method is based on the fact that organic insulating materials release characteristic gases related to materials during pyrolysis and produce ozone gas when partial discharge occurs on the surface of insulating parts. Due to the small size of the switch chamber, the characteristic gas can be detected when local carbonization on the surface of the insulator does not form a through channel, and when there is a small partial discharge, so as to achieve early warning. Make sure that the surface of the organic insulating material does not form a penetrating damage and the partial discharge of the insulating part does not cause an accident, and the staff is notified in time to deal with it; this method can reproduce the detection and early warning of whether there are defects in the organic material and inorganic material insulating parts in the switch cabinet ; and because only the characteristic gas is used as the detection quantity, it has strong anti-interference ability and high early warning accuracy; it can guide the operation and maintenance personnel to take countermeasures in time to avoid equipment damage accidents.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述方法的流程示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示，一种基于特征气体检测的开关柜内绝缘件缺陷预测方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, a method for predicting insulation defects in switch cabinets based on characteristic gas detection includes the following steps:
步骤1：利用气体浓度传感器采集开关柜内气体浓度；Step 1: Use the gas concentration sensor to collect the gas concentration in the switch cabinet;
所述气体浓度包括CO2、NH3、HCN及O3三种气体浓度；The gas concentration includes three gas concentrations of CO2 , NH3 , HCN and O3 ;
步骤2：依据步骤1采集的气体浓度对开关柜内绝缘件的材料绝缘性能进行判断；Step 2: According to the gas concentration collected in step 1, judge the material insulation performance of the insulating parts in the switch cabinet;
步骤2.1：若CO2浓度大于或等于CO2浓度设定阈值X1，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.1: If the CO2 concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold value X1 of the CO2 concentration, there is a change in the insulating properties of the insulation material;
步骤2.2：若NH3浓度大于或等于NH3浓度设定阈值X2，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.2: If the NH3 concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold X2 of the NH3 concentration, there is a change in the insulation performance of the insulating material;
步骤2.3：若HCN浓度大于或等于HCN浓度设定阈值X3，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.3: If the HCN concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold X3 of the HCN concentration, there is a change in the insulation performance of the insulating material;
步骤2.4：若O3浓度大于或等于O3浓度设定阈值X4，则存在绝缘件材料绝缘性能发生改变；Step 2.4: If the O3 concentration is greater than or equal to the set threshold value X4 of the O3 concentration, there is a change in the insulation performance of the insulating material;
所述CO2浓度设定阈值X1取值为530PPM，NH3浓度设定阈值X2取值为4.5PPM，HCN浓度设定阈值X3取值为6.0PPM，所述O3浓度设定阈值X4取值为0.3PPM。TheCO concentration setting threshold X1 is 530PPM, the NH concentration setting threshold X2 is4.5PPM , the HCN concentration setting threshold X3 is6.0PPM , and the O concentration setting threshold The value of X4 is 0.3PPM.
若以上条件均不满足，则开关柜内绝缘件的材料绝缘性能均为发生改变；If none of the above conditions are met, the material insulation performance of the insulating parts in the switch cabinet will be changed;
步骤3：依据步骤2的判断结果，对开关柜内绝缘件进行缺陷预测：Step 3: According to the judgment result of Step 2, predict the defects of the insulation parts in the switch cabinet:
A：若步骤2.1-2.3中存在两个或两个以上的条件成立，则开关柜内绝缘件存在缺陷；A: If two or more conditions are established in steps 2.1-2.3, the insulation in the switchgear is defective;
B：若步骤2.4条件成立，则开关柜内绝缘件存在缺陷。B: If the condition of step 2.4 is satisfied, the insulating parts in the switch cabinet are defective.
基于步骤3得到的预测结果，通过报警装置发出缺陷警报。Based on the prediction result obtained in step 3, a defect alarm is issued through the alarm device.
所述报警装置为声光报警装置。The alarm device is an audible and visual alarm device.
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明精神和原则之内，所作任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention .
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510934813.2ACN105589017B (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | A kind of switch cubicle interior insulation part failure prediction method of feature based gas detection |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510934813.2ACN105589017B (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | A kind of switch cubicle interior insulation part failure prediction method of feature based gas detection |
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| CN105589017Atrue CN105589017A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| CN105589017B CN105589017B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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| CN201510934813.2AActiveCN105589017B (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | A kind of switch cubicle interior insulation part failure prediction method of feature based gas detection |
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