技术领域technical field
本发明属于水处理技术领域。The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment.
背景技术Background technique
水体富营养化导致的水华和赤潮严重威胁了人们的饮水安全和养殖安全。藻类大量繁殖，造成水的透明度降低，影响水体的水质，阻碍植物的光合作用，并且消耗了水中大量的溶解氧，导致水生动植物大批死亡腐烂。很多藻类可产生异味和有毒物质，严重危害人类和生物的健康。藻类的爆发危害主要表现在以下三个方面：1对水产养殖业：富营养化水体中藻类的存在对鱼类、贝类、家禽、野生动物等会造成毒害和致死作用。2破坏景观水体：景观水体由于其水交换过程缓慢，藻类能够迅速的、大面积繁殖。这些藻类附着在水面和岸边，并由于其生长或分解而发出难闻的气味，严重影响水质感官性。3对净水工艺的影响：干扰净水工艺处理效果，增加净水成本。水体中的藻类及其胞外分泌物严重干扰混凝效果，使絮凝剂的投加量增加，沉淀分离效果不理想。藻细胞还能够穿透滤池，污染出水水质，此外藻细胞易于在滤床中滋生，进而堵塞滤床。传统的藻去除工艺主要在预处理、强化混凝、气浮和生物修复等多个环节开展除藻，目前，除藻方法主要包括物理方法、化学方法和生物方法。这些方法均具有一定的局限性。Water blooms and red tides caused by eutrophication seriously threaten people's drinking water safety and breeding safety. A large number of algae breeds, which reduces the transparency of the water, affects the water quality of the water body, hinders the photosynthesis of plants, and consumes a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, resulting in the death and decay of a large number of aquatic animals and plants. Many algae can produce odor and toxic substances, which seriously endanger human and biological health. The hazards of algae outbreaks are mainly manifested in the following three aspects: 1. For aquaculture: the existence of algae in eutrophic water bodies will cause poisonous and lethal effects on fish, shellfish, poultry, wild animals, etc. 2 Destruction of landscape water bodies: Due to the slow water exchange process of landscape water bodies, algae can reproduce rapidly and in large areas. These algae attach to the water surface and shore, and emit an unpleasant smell due to their growth or decomposition, which seriously affects the water sense. 3 Impact on the water purification process: Interfering with the treatment effect of the water purification process and increasing the cost of water purification. The algae and their extracellular secretions in the water body seriously interfere with the coagulation effect, which increases the dosage of flocculant, and the sedimentation and separation effect is not ideal. Algae cells can also penetrate the filter tank and pollute the effluent water quality. In addition, algae cells are easy to breed in the filter bed and block the filter bed. The traditional algae removal process mainly carries out algae removal in multiple links such as pretreatment, enhanced coagulation, air flotation and bioremediation. At present, algae removal methods mainly include physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. These methods all have certain limitations.
近年来，电絮凝除藻技术受到越来越多的关注，但由于消耗电能成本较高，限制了其应用。In recent years, electrocoagulation algae removal technology has received more and more attention, but its application is limited due to the high cost of power consumption.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明是为了解决现有生成絮凝剂的除藻装置需要消耗电能，其高成本限制应用的问题，本发明提供了一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置。The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem that the existing algae removal device for generating flocculant needs to consume electric energy, and its high cost limits its application. The invention provides a semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculant.
一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置，它包括两块阳极板、空气阴极、2个阴阳极间隔板、1个阴极间隔板和浮块；A semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculants, which includes two anode plates, an air cathode, two cathode and anode spacers, one cathode spacer and a floating block;
所述的空气阴极为具有上开口结构的箱体；阴极间隔板为网状结构；The air cathode is a box with an upper opening structure; the cathode spacer is a mesh structure;
阴极间隔板竖直设置在空气阴极内，阴极间隔板的底部与空气阴极的底面之间留有空隙，形成U型空气腔，The cathode spacer is vertically arranged in the air cathode, and there is a gap between the bottom of the cathode spacer and the bottom surface of the air cathode to form a U-shaped air cavity.
两块阳极板对称设置在空气阴极的两侧，每块阳极板与空气阴极之间均形成一个通道，Two anode plates are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the air cathode, and a channel is formed between each anode plate and the air cathode,
每个通道内竖直设置一个阴阳极间隔板，A cathode and anode spacer is vertically arranged in each channel,
空气阴极的侧壁和与其相邻的阳极板之间串联一个负载，A load is connected in series between the side wall of the air cathode and its adjacent anode plate,
浮块固定在空气阴极的外侧壁，且位于通道上方靠近空气阴极的开口处。The floating block is fixed on the outer wall of the air cathode, and is located above the passage near the opening of the air cathode.
所述的阳极板与空气阴极平行设置。The anode plate is arranged parallel to the air cathode.
所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置通过夹持固定、捆绑固定或螺栓固定的方式来将两块阳极板、空气阴极、2个阴阳极间隔板和1个阴极间隔板固定。The semi-submerged algae removal device that can generate flocculants is used to fix two anode plates, air cathode, two cathode and anode spacers and one cathode spacer by clamping, binding or bolting. fixed.
所述的阴极间隔板采用绝缘材质实现。The cathode spacer is realized by insulating material.
所述的阳极板为铁网、铁板、铝网、铝板或铁铝合成板。The anode plate is iron mesh, iron plate, aluminum mesh, aluminum plate or iron-aluminum composite plate.
阴阳极间隔板为网状结构。The cathode and anode separators are of mesh structure.
本发明带来的有益效果是，The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is,
本发明独辟蹊径，本发明装置在应用的过程中，无需消耗电能，同时本发明还是一种同时产生电能和絮凝剂的除藻装置，与传统除藻技术相比较，该技术可原位生成活性较高的混凝剂，避免投加化学混凝剂所带来的二次污染，还可以省去混凝剂所需要的储存、混合和运输等费用。该装置具有成本低，设备简单，集成化程度高，占地少等一系列优点。适用于其他可以用絮凝技术处理的废水处理工艺。The present invention has a unique approach. The device of the present invention does not need to consume electric energy during the application process. At the same time, the present invention is also an algae removal device that simultaneously generates electric energy and flocculant. Compared with the traditional algae removal technology, this technology can generate in situ High coagulant can avoid the secondary pollution caused by adding chemical coagulant, and can also save the cost of storage, mixing and transportation required for coagulant. The device has a series of advantages such as low cost, simple equipment, high degree of integration, and less land occupation. It is suitable for other wastewater treatment processes that can be treated with flocculation technology.
本发明装置可以精确控制，可以通过控制负载通断控制絮凝剂生成和停止，同时可以通过调节负载大小调节阴阳极反应速率，控制絮凝剂生成速率，从而控制藻去除速率。水体处理结束后切断阴阳极与负载连接，终止絮体生成反应，节约成本。The device of the invention can be precisely controlled, can control the flocculant generation and stop by controlling the on-off of the load, and at the same time can adjust the negative-anode reaction rate by adjusting the load size, control the flocculant generation rate, and thereby control the algae removal rate. After the water body is treated, the cathode and anode are disconnected from the load to terminate the floc formation reaction and save costs.
该装置可以连接水质传感器，利用自身产生的电能驱动，水体恶化时自动运行，水体净化结束后停止。The device can be connected to a water quality sensor, driven by the electric energy generated by itself, automatically runs when the water body deteriorates, and stops after the water body is purified.
本发明装置产生的电能可以驱动装置水中巡航，一个区域处理结束后，可驱动该装置于其他污染水体处继续净化。The electric energy generated by the device of the present invention can drive the device to cruise in water, and after the treatment of one area is completed, the device can be driven to continue purifying other polluted water bodies.
本发明装置不同于传统电絮凝装置，传统电絮凝装置需要消耗电能，运行成本高且不便于野外运行，该装置自发产生电能，运行成本低，可以野外运行。The device of the present invention is different from the traditional electrocoagulation device, which needs to consume electric energy, has high operation cost and is not convenient for field operation. The device generates electric energy spontaneously, has low operation cost and can be operated in the field.
本发明装置结构简单，便于组装，运行简便，可无人监管自动运行。The device of the invention is simple in structure, easy to assemble, easy to operate, and can operate automatically without supervision.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculants according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：参见图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置，它包括两块阳极板1、空气阴极2、2个阴阳极间隔板3、1个阴极间隔板4和浮块5；Specific Embodiment 1: Refer to Fig. 1 to illustrate this embodiment, a semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculants described in this embodiment, which includes two anode plates 1, an air cathode 2, and two cathode and anode intervals Plate 3, a cathode spacer plate 4 and a floating block 5;
所述的空气阴极2为具有上开口结构的箱体；阴极间隔板4为网状结构；The air cathode 2 is a box with an upper opening structure; the cathode spacer 4 is a mesh structure;
阴极间隔板4竖直设置在空气阴极2内，阴极间隔板4的底部与空气阴极2的底面之间留有空隙，形成U型空气腔6，The cathode spacer 4 is vertically arranged in the air cathode 2, and there is a gap between the bottom of the cathode spacer 4 and the bottom surface of the air cathode 2 to form a U-shaped air cavity 6,
两块阳极板1对称设置在空气阴极2的两侧，每块阳极板1与空气阴极2之间均形成一个通道7，Two anode plates 1 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the air cathode 2, and a channel 7 is formed between each anode plate 1 and the air cathode 2,
每个通道7内竖直设置一个阴阳极间隔板3，A cathode and anode partition plate 3 is vertically arranged in each channel 7,
空气阴极2的侧壁和与其相邻的阳极板1之间串联一个负载8，A load 8 is connected in series between the side wall of the air cathode 2 and the adjacent anode plate 1,
浮块5固定在空气阴极2的外侧壁，且位于通道7上方靠近空气阴极2的开口处。The floating block 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the air cathode 2 and is located above the channel 7 close to the opening of the air cathode 2 .
本实施方式，本发明所述的生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置运行时，置于水体中，浮块5以下部分浸没于水体中，浮块以上部分暴露于空气中。In this embodiment, when the semi-submerged algae removal device for generating flocculant according to the present invention is in operation, it is placed in a water body, the part below the floating block 5 is submerged in the water body, and the part above the floating block is exposed to the air.
除藻装置运行时，阳极板1和空气阴极2、均浸没在溶液中，溶液具有一定的电导率，阴阳极间发生原电池反应，产生电能，可以通过不同负载回收使用，负载可为灯泡、电阻、储能装置等。回收的电能可以用来美化景观或驱动装置巡航。阴阳极通过导线与负载相连，负载可以调节大小。When the algae removal device is in operation, the anode plate 1 and the air cathode 2 are both immersed in the solution. The solution has a certain electrical conductivity. A primary battery reaction occurs between the cathode and the anode to generate electricity, which can be recycled and used by different loads. The load can be a light bulb, Resistors, energy storage devices, etc. The recovered electricity can be used for landscaping or to drive the unit for cruising. The cathode and anode are connected to the load through wires, and the load can be adjusted in size.
空气阴极与阴极间隔板4围成一个U型空气腔6，上端开口与空气相通，下端密封。The air cathode and the cathode spacer 4 form a U-shaped air cavity 6, the upper end of which is open to the air and the lower end is sealed.
空气阴极之间使用网状阴极间隔板4隔开，形成一个空气腔，防止阴极紧贴一起，便于氧气扩散。The air cathodes are separated by mesh cathode spacers 4 to form an air cavity, which prevents the cathodes from sticking together and facilitates the diffusion of oxygen.
阳极板1和空气阴极2间设有阴阳极间隔板3，防止阴阳极相互接触，防止短路。Between the anode plate 1 and the air cathode 2, a cathode and anode spacer plate 3 is provided to prevent the cathode and anode from contacting each other and short circuit.
具体实施方式二：参见图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式与具体实施方式一所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置的区别在于，所述的阳极板1与空气阴极2平行设置。Specific embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 1 to illustrate this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculant described in Embodiment 1 is that the anode plate 1 and the air cathode 2 parallel settings.
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置的区别在于，该除藻装置通过夹持固定、捆绑固定或螺栓固定的方式来将两块阳极板1、空气阴极2、2个阴阳极间隔板3和1个阴极间隔板4固定。Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and the semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculants described in Embodiment 1 is that the algae removal device is fixed by clamping, binding or bolting. Fix two anode plates 1, air cathode 2, two cathode and anode spacers 3 and one cathode spacer 4.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置的区别在于，所述的阴极间隔板4采用绝缘材质实现。Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and the semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculant described in Embodiment 1 is that the cathode spacer 4 is realized by insulating material.
本实施方式，阴极间隔板4为塑料、聚四氟乙烯等绝缘耐腐蚀材质。阴极间隔板4防止阴极紧贴一起，且阴极间隔板4为网状结构，便于氧气扩散。In this embodiment, the cathode spacer 4 is made of insulating and corrosion-resistant materials such as plastic and polytetrafluoroethylene. The cathode spacer 4 prevents the cathodes from sticking together, and the cathode spacer 4 has a mesh structure to facilitate oxygen diffusion.
具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式一所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置的区别在于，所述的阳极板1为铁网、铁板、铝网、铝板或铁铝合成板。Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and the semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculants described in Embodiment 1 is that the anode plate 1 is iron mesh, iron plate, aluminum mesh, aluminum plate Or iron-aluminum composite panels.
本实施方式，In this embodiment,
(一)当阳极板1为铁材料的阳极时，铁阳极材料发生的电极反应分别为：(1) When the anode plate 1 is an anode of iron material, the electrode reactions that the iron anode material takes place are respectively:
阴极发生的反应为：O2+H++e-→H2OThe reaction at the cathode is: O2 +H+ +e- →H2 O
阳极发生的反应为：Fe+H2O→Fe(OH)2+H++e-The reaction at the anode is: Fe+H2 O→Fe(OH)2 +H+ +e-
阳极释放的Fe(OH)2絮凝剂释放到溶液中，捕获水体中的藻类形成絮体，最后沉降分离去除。The Fe(OH)2 flocculant released from the anode is released into the solution, and the algae in the water body are captured to form flocs, which are finally separated and removed by sedimentation.
部分Fe(OH)2被氧气氧化生成Fe(OH)3絮凝剂，形成复合絮凝剂，提高藻的去除效果。Part of Fe(OH)2 is oxidized by oxygen to generate Fe(OH)3 flocculant, forming a composite flocculant to improve the removal effect of algae.
空气阴极催化层在水体中会释放少量H2O2，与溶液中Fe2+和O2生成羟基自由基，对藻具有一定杀伤作用，提高去除效果。The air cathode catalytic layer will release a small amount of H2 O2 in the water body, and generate hydroxyl radicals with Fe2+ and O2 in the solution, which has a certain killing effect on algae and improves the removal effect.
(二)当阳极板1为铝材料的阳极时，铝材料阳极发生的电极反应分别为：(2) When the anode plate 1 is the anode of the aluminum material, the electrode reactions that the anode of the aluminum material takes place are respectively:
阴极发生的反应为：O2+H++e-→H2OThe reaction at the cathode is: O2 +H+ +e- →H2 O
阳极发生的反应为：Al+H2O→Al(OH)3+H++e-The reaction at the anode is: Al+H2 O→Al(OH)3 +H+ +e-
阳极释放的Al(OH)3絮凝剂释放到溶液中，捕获水体中的藻类形成絮体，最后沉降分离去除。The Al(OH)3 flocculant released from the anode is released into the solution, and the algae in the water body are captured to form flocs, which are finally separated and removed by sedimentation.
(三)当阳极板1为铁铝复合材料时：(3) When the anode plate 1 is an iron-aluminum composite material:
阴极发生的反应为：O2+H++e-→H2OThe reaction at the cathode is: O2 +H+ +e- →H2 O
阳极发生的反应为：Fe+Al+H2O→Fe(OH)2+Al(OH)3+H++e-The reaction at the anode is: Fe+Al+H2 O→Fe(OH)2 +Al(OH)3 +H+ +e-
阳极释放的Al(OH)3和Fe(OH)2絮凝剂释放到溶液中，部分Fe(OH)2被氧气氧化生成Fe(OH)3絮凝剂，形成复合絮凝剂，捕获水体中的藻类形成絮体，最后沉降分离去除，提早藻的去除效果。The Al(OH)3 and Fe(OH)2 flocculants released from the anode are released into the solution, and part of the Fe(OH)2 is oxidized by oxygen to generate Fe(OH)3 flocculants, forming a composite flocculant to capture algae formation in the water body The flocs are finally separated and removed by sedimentation, so as to advance the removal effect of algae.
具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式一所述的一种能够生成絮凝剂的半浸没式除藻装置的区别在于，所述的阴阳极间隔板3为网状结构。Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and the semi-submerged algae removal device capable of generating flocculant described in Embodiment 1 is that the anode-cathode separator 3 is a mesh structure.
本实施方式中，阳极板1和空气阴极2间设有阴阳极间隔板3，既防止阴阳极相互接触，防止短路，又增加了液体的流通性。In this embodiment, a cathode-anode partition plate 3 is provided between the anode plate 1 and the air cathode 2, which not only prevents the cathode and anode from contacting each other, prevents short circuit, but also increases the circulation of the liquid.
本发明针对淡水或海水水体富营养化污染，提出一种利用阴阳极发生氧化还原反应产生电能，同时阳极被氧化生成絮凝剂，混凝藻类沉淀去除的装置。本发明不同于传统的电絮凝技术，本发明不消耗电能，同时产生电能，可以回收电能供其他设备使用或原位供本装置使用。本发明主要应用于淡水饮用水厂除藻和净化，也可以应用于富营养化湖泊或景观水体除藻，以及海水养殖和海洋景观的藻类去除。Aiming at the eutrophication pollution of fresh water or sea water, the present invention proposes a device that utilizes the oxidation-reduction reaction of the anode and anode to generate electric energy, and at the same time, the anode is oxidized to generate a flocculant to coagulate and remove algae from precipitation. The present invention is different from the traditional electric flocculation technology. The present invention does not consume electric energy, but generates electric energy at the same time, and can recycle electric energy for use by other equipment or for this device in situ. The invention is mainly applied to algae removal and purification in fresh water drinking water plants, and can also be applied to algae removal in eutrophic lakes or landscape water bodies, as well as algae removal in mariculture and ocean landscapes.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510945455.5ACN105540755B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of half immersion algae-removing device that can generate flocculant |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510945455.5ACN105540755B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of half immersion algae-removing device that can generate flocculant |
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| CN105540755A CN105540755A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105540755Btrue CN105540755B (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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| CN201510945455.5AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105540755B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of half immersion algae-removing device that can generate flocculant |
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| CN105684204A (en)* | 2013-11-08 | 2016-06-15 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Microbial fuel cell |
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| CN2908474Y (en)* | 2006-06-16 | 2007-06-06 | 叶伟武 | Electric bacterial flocculator |
| CN202829768U (en)* | 2012-10-29 | 2013-03-27 | 李素雅 | Device for treating printing and dyeing wastewater through combination of microwave and electric flocculation |
| CN105684204A (en)* | 2013-11-08 | 2016-06-15 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Microbial fuel cell |
| CN103896371A (en)* | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江大学 | Electrochemical flocculation method and device capable of producing electricity |
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| CN105540755A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20180424 Termination date:20181214 |