技术领域technical field
本发明涉及安全远程抄表计费领域，具体涉及一种安全远程无线抄表计费系统。The invention relates to the field of safe remote meter reading and billing, in particular to a safe remote wireless meter reading billing system.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国电网智能化建设进程的加快以及无线传感器网络技术的发展，出现了许多中电能计量装置和基于无线传感器网络的远程抄表计费系统，但是一方面由于远程抄表计费系统中的数据采集装置和协调器数量的增加，采集上传的数据不断变得庞大，导致通信阻塞，数据丢失，大大影响了电能计费的精确性、实时性和可靠性，另一方面，由于目前电能表，数据采集装置和协调器的通信大多没有考虑到数据传输安全，数据在传输过程中容易被窃取，篡改，使得用户，供电单位蒙受经济损失。With the acceleration of the intelligent construction of my country's power grid and the development of wireless sensor network technology, there have been many electric energy metering devices and remote meter reading and billing systems based on wireless sensor networks. With the increase in the number of data acquisition devices and coordinators, the collected and uploaded data has become increasingly large, resulting in communication congestion and data loss, which greatly affects the accuracy, real-time and reliability of energy billing. On the other hand, due to the current energy meter , Most of the communication between the data acquisition device and the coordinator does not take into account the security of data transmission, and the data is easy to be stolen and tampered with during the transmission process, causing users and power supply units to suffer economic losses.
为了满足电力系统服务的实际需要，设计基于无线传感器网络技术的安全远程抄表计费系统将有着十分重要的意义。In order to meet the actual needs of power system services, it is of great significance to design a safe remote meter reading billing system based on wireless sensor network technology.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为克服现有技术中存在的不足，提供了一种智能远程无线抄表计费系统。The invention provides an intelligent remote wireless meter reading billing system in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用如下技术方案：The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
一种安全远程无线抄表计费系统，该系统包括：至少一个智能电表(100)，至少一个数据采集器(200)，至少一个协调器(300)，管理系统(400)，其中：A secure remote wireless meter reading billing system, the system comprising: at least one smart meter (100), at least one data collector (200), at least one coordinator (300), and a management system (400), wherein:
所述智能电表(100)包含：主控制器模块(101)，用于对智能电表各个模块的控制；电源模块(102)，用于为智能电表各模块提供稳定的工作电压、工作电流；存储模块(103)，用于存储智能电表采集到的用户的用电信息、智能电表的工作参数及密钥与加密算法匹配表；显示模块(104)，用于向用户显示智能电表的工作状态以及用电量，电费余额信息；按键模块(105)，用于用户与智能电表间的人机交互；故障检测模块(106)，用于检测智能电表各个模块的工作状态；告警模块(107)，用于智能电表出现异常情况时发出告警提示音；防盗模块(108)，所述防盗模块包含智能电表封装检测单元和智能电表箱开启检测单元，当判断出电表封装或表箱开启时通过告警单元发出告警；数据采集模块(109)，用于采集包含电压、电流、功率、频率、功率因素、相位角以及消耗的电能数据的用电信息；加密模块(110)，用于将待上传的用电信息进行加密；无线传输模块(111)，用于将加密后的用电信息上传到智能电表所属的数据采集器以及从所属的数据采集器接收信息；The smart meter (100) includes: a main controller module (101), used to control each module of the smart meter; a power supply module (102), used to provide stable operating voltage and operating current for each module of the smart meter; The module (103) is used to store the user's electricity consumption information collected by the smart meter, the working parameters of the smart meter and the key and encryption algorithm matching table; the display module (104) is used to display the working status of the smart meter to the user and Power consumption, electricity balance information; button module (105), used for human-computer interaction between the user and the smart meter; fault detection module (106), used to detect the working status of each module of the smart meter; alarm module (107), It is used to send an alarm prompt sound when an abnormal situation occurs in the smart meter; the anti-theft module (108), the anti-theft module includes a smart meter packaging detection unit and a smart meter box opening detection unit, and passes through the alarm unit when it is judged that the meter package or the meter box is opened Send an alarm; the data collection module (109) is used to collect power consumption information including voltage, current, power, frequency, power factor, phase angle and consumed electric energy data; the encryption module (110) is used to upload the power consumption information to be uploaded Encrypt the electricity information; the wireless transmission module (111) is used for uploading the encrypted electricity consumption information to the data collector to which the smart meter belongs and receiving information from the data collector to which the smart meter belongs;
所述数据采集器(200)包含：主控制器模块(201)，用于对数据采集器(200)的各个模块的控制；无线传输模块(202)，用于接收智能电表发送的用电信息并上传至协调器以及从协调器(300)接收信息并下发至智能电表(100)；存储模块(203)，用于存储用电信息、协调器(300)下发的信息及密钥与加密算法匹配表；加密模块(204)，用于对接收到的用电信息进行加密；The data collector (200) includes: a main controller module (201), used for controlling each module of the data collector (200); a wireless transmission module (202), used for receiving electricity consumption information sent by a smart meter And upload to the coordinator and receive information from the coordinator (300) and send it to the smart meter (100); the storage module (203) is used to store the information and keys issued by the power consumption information, the coordinator (300) and An encryption algorithm matching table; an encryption module (204), used to encrypt the received power consumption information;
所述协调器(300)包含：主控制器模块(301)，用于对协调器(200)的各个模块的控制；无线传输模块(302)，用于接收数据采集器发送的用电信息并上传至管理系统以及从管理系统接收信息并下发至数据采集器；存储模块(303)，用于存储用电信息以及管理系统下发的信息；The coordinator (300) includes: a main controller module (301), used for controlling each module of the coordinator (200); a wireless transmission module (302), used for receiving the power consumption information sent by the data collector and Upload to the management system and receive information from the management system and send it to the data collector; the storage module (303) is used to store the electricity consumption information and the information sent by the management system;
所述管理系统(400)包含：主控制器模块(401)，用于对管理系统(400)的各个模块的控制；无线传输模块(402)，用于接收协调器(300)发送的用电信息以及向协调器下发信息；解密模块(403)，用于解密接收的加密信息；数据库模块(404)，用于存储信息；监控显示模块(405)，用于实时显示所有智能电表(100)的信息；计费模块(406)，用于对智能电表(100)的用电量进行计费；短消息模块(407)，用于向用户发送电费信息相关的短消息；The management system (400) includes: a main controller module (401), used to control each module of the management system (400); a wireless transmission module (402), used to receive the power consumption sent by the coordinator (300) information and send information to the coordinator; decryption module (403), for decrypting the encrypted information received; database module (404), for storing information; monitoring and display module (405), for real-time display of all smart meters (100 ) information; billing module (406), used for billing the electricity consumption of smart meter (100); short message module (407), used for sending short messages related to electricity bill information to users;
所述协调器(300)启动后，创建具有独立网络标识的无线网络，所述网络标识是管理系统(400)配置的，所述数据采集器(200)获取所述协调器(300)的网络标识，发送加入网络请求命令，所述协调器(300)接收到加入网络请求命令后发送加入网络响应命令，数据采集器(200)接收到加入网络响应命令后向协调器(300)返回确认信息，协调器(300)接收到确认信息后为数据采集器(200)分配唯一的网络地址，并将所述网络地址发送给数据采集器(200)以及将网络标识与网络地址发送给管理系统(400)，数据采集器(200)更新网络地址以及网络标识，管理系统(400)将网络标识与数据采集器(200)的网络地址对应存储在数据库模块(404)中；After the coordinator (300) is started, a wireless network with an independent network identifier is created, the network identifier is configured by the management system (400), and the data collector (200) obtains the network of the coordinator (300) identification, sending a request command to join the network, the coordinator (300) sends a response command to join the network after receiving the request command to join the network, and the data collector (200) returns confirmation information to the coordinator (300) after receiving the response command to join the network , the coordinator (300) distributes a unique network address for the data collector (200) after receiving the confirmation information, and sends the network address to the data collector (200) and sends the network identification and the network address to the management system ( 400), the data collector (200) updates the network address and the network identifier, and the management system (400) stores the network identifier and the network address of the data collector (200) correspondingly in the database module (404);
数据采集器(200)加入协调器(300)建立的网络后，数据采集器(200)周期性广播自身的网络地址，智能电表(100)获取并保存所述数据采集器(200)的网络地址，并向数据采集器(200)发送包含智能电表(100)标识信息的连接请求，数据采集器(200)保存智能电表(100)的标识信息并向智能电表(100)返回连接成功响应信息；智能电表(100)的主控制器模块(101)从数据采集模块(109)获取采集的用电信息，将用电信息发送至加密模块(110)进行加密，加密过程为：智能电表(100)的主控制器模块(101)从存储模块(103)中存储的密钥和加密算法匹配表中随机选取一组密钥和加密算法(A)，对用电信息进行第一次加密；随后，主控制器模块(101)生成用电信息帧，该帧包含数据采集器(200)的网络地址，智能电表(100)的标识信息、选择的一组密钥和加密算法(A)在匹配表中的标识以及第一次加密的用电信息，并控制无线传输模块(111)将用电信息帧上传到智能电表(100)所属的数据采集器(200)；数据采集器(200)接收到用电信息帧后，通过解析该帧获取帧中包含的数据采集器(200)的网络地址，智能电表(100)的标识信息，如判断该用电信息帧是其所属智能电表发送的，则保存用电信息帧，若否，则丢弃该帧，随后，数据采集器(200)的主控制器模块(201)从存储模块(203)中存储的密钥和加密算法匹配表中随机选取一组密钥和加密算法(B)，对保存的用电信息帧进行第二次加密，并在第二次加密后的用电信息帧前添加网络标识以及选择的一组密钥和加密算法(B)在匹配表中的标识形成新的用电信息帧；After the data collector (200) joins the network established by the coordinator (300), the data collector (200) periodically broadcasts its own network address, and the smart meter (100) acquires and saves the network address of the data collector (200) , and send to the data collector (200) a connection request that includes the identification information of the smart meter (100), and the data collector (200) saves the identification information of the smart meter (100) and returns a connection success response message to the smart meter (100); The main controller module (101) of the smart meter (100) obtains the collected electricity consumption information from the data acquisition module (109), and sends the electricity consumption information to the encryption module (110) for encryption. The encryption process is: the smart meter (100) The main controller module (101) randomly selects a group of keys and encryption algorithms (A) from the keys stored in the storage module (103) and the encryption algorithm matching table, and encrypts the electricity information for the first time; subsequently, The main controller module (101) generates a power consumption information frame, which includes the network address of the data collector (200), the identification information of the smart meter (100), a selected group of keys and the encryption algorithm (A) in the matching table The identification in and the power consumption information encrypted for the first time, and control the wireless transmission module (111) to upload the power consumption information frame to the data collector (200) to which the smart meter (100) belongs; the data collector (200) receives After the power consumption information frame, obtain the network address of the data collector (200) contained in the frame by parsing the frame, and the identification information of the smart meter (100), if it is judged that the power consumption information frame is sent by the smart meter to which it belongs, then Preserve the power consumption information frame, if not, then discard this frame, subsequently, the main controller module (201) of data collector (200) selects one at random from the key stored in the storage module (203) and the encryption algorithm matching table. Group key and encryption algorithm (B), encrypt the saved power consumption information frame for the second time, and add the network identification and a selected group of keys and encryption algorithm before the power consumption information frame after the second encryption ( B) the identification in the matching table forms a new power consumption information frame;
所述协调器(300)将与数据采集器(200)进行通信的信道分为多个子信道，并将该多个子信道分配给多个数据采集器(200)，每个子信道可由多个数据采集器(200)共享，当一个数据采集器(200)需要上传新的用电信息帧时，先检测分配给该数据采集器(200)的子信道的状态，如果该子信道处于繁忙状态，则该数据采集器(200)进入延迟发送状态并继续检测子信道状态，如果该子信道处于空闲状态，则向协调器(300)发送数据发送请求，当数据采集器(200)接收到协调器(300)返回的数据发送允许消息后，开始发送用电信息帧，协调器(300)接收到用电信息帧后向数据采集器(200)反馈ACK信息，在数据发送时段结束后，协调器根据用电信息帧的接收情况，生成重传请求帧，重传请求帧包含需要重传用电信息帧的数据采集器的网络地址以及重传用电信息帧的信道资源，协调器广播该重传请求帧，当数据采集器接收该重传请求帧并解析出该重传请求帧中包含自身的网络地址时，根据分配的信道资源进行用电信息帧的重传；协调器解析接收到的用电信息帧获取帧中包含的网络标识，如判断该用电信息帧是其所属数据采集器(200)发送的，则保存用电信息帧，若否，则丢弃该帧；The coordinator (300) divides the channel for communicating with the data collector (200) into multiple sub-channels, and distributes the multiple sub-channels to multiple data collectors (200), and each sub-channel can be collected by multiple data collectors. When a data collector (200) needs to upload a new power consumption information frame, it first detects the state of the sub-channel assigned to the data collector (200), if the sub-channel is in a busy state, then This data acquisition device (200) enters delay sending state and continues to detect sub-channel state, if this sub-channel is in idle state, then sends data transmission request to coordinator (300), when data acquisition device (200) receives coordinator ( 300) After the returned data transmission permission message, start to send the power consumption information frame, the coordinator (300) feeds back the ACK information to the data collector (200) after receiving the power consumption information frame, after the data sending period ends, the coordinator according to The reception of the power consumption information frame generates a retransmission request frame. The retransmission request frame contains the network address of the data collector that needs to retransmit the power consumption information frame and the channel resource for retransmitting the power consumption information frame. The coordinator broadcasts the retransmission Request frame, when the data collector receives the retransmission request frame and parses out its own network address contained in the retransmission request frame, retransmits the power consumption information frame according to the allocated channel resources; the coordinator parses the received user information frame The electricity information frame acquires the network identification contained in the frame, if it is judged that the electricity information frame is sent by its data collector (200), then the electricity information frame is saved, if not, the frame is discarded;
管理系统(400)侦听协调器(300)发送的时隙请求，在接收到各个协调器的时隙请求后，为各个协调器分配数据发送时隙，生成并广播发送时隙响应帧，该发送时隙响应帧包含协调器的网络标识和对应的发送时隙，各个协调器(300)在接收到发送时隙响应帧后，解析获取自身网络标识对应的发送时隙，在发送时隙到来时，协调器(300)延迟一段时间后开始发送电信息帧并在发送时隙结束前提前结束发送；管理系统(400)的主控制器模块(401)接收无线传输模块(402)发送来的用电信息帧，解析获取网络标识以及数据采集器选择的一组密钥和加密算法在匹配表中的标识(B)并控制解密模块(403)对第二次加密的用电信息帧进行解密，获取数据采集器(200)的网络地址，智能电表(100)的标识信息、选择的一组密钥和加密算法(A)在匹配表中的标识以及第一次加密的用电信息，并控制解密模块(403)对第一次加密的用电信息解密，获取用电信息，并将网络标识、数据采集器(200)的网络地址、智能电表(100)的标识信息以及解密后的用电信息存储到数据库模块(404)中；主控制器模块(401)从数据库模块(404)读取所有用户的用电信息，控制监控显示模块(405)实时显示智能电表(100)的用电信息，主控制器模块(401)根据用户的用电信息计算得出用户的电费，控制短消息模块(407)向用户发送包含电费信息的短消息。The management system (400) listens to the time slot request sent by the coordinator (300), and after receiving the time slot request of each coordinator, allocates a data transmission time slot for each coordinator, generates and broadcasts a transmission time slot response frame, the The sending time slot response frame includes the network identification of the coordinator and the corresponding sending time slot. After receiving the sending time slot response frame, each coordinator (300) parses and obtains the sending time slot corresponding to its own network identification. When the sending time slot arrives , the coordinator (300) delays for a period of time and starts to send the electrical information frame and ends the sending before the end of the sending time slot; the main controller module (401) of the management system (400) receives the wireless transmission module (402) The power consumption information frame is analyzed to obtain the network identification and a group of keys selected by the data collector and the identification (B) of the encryption algorithm in the matching table and the decryption module (403) is controlled to decrypt the second encrypted power consumption information frame , obtain the network address of the data collector (200), the identification information of the smart meter (100), the selected group of keys and the identification of the encryption algorithm (A) in the matching table and the electricity consumption information encrypted for the first time, and The control decryption module (403) decrypts the electricity consumption information encrypted for the first time, obtains the electricity consumption information, and stores the network identification, the network address of the data collector (200), the identification information of the smart meter (100) and the decrypted electricity consumption information. The electricity information is stored in the database module (404); the main controller module (401) reads the electricity consumption information of all users from the database module (404), and controls the monitoring and display module (405) to display the electricity consumption of the smart meter (100) in real time information, the main controller module (401) calculates the user's electricity charge according to the user's electricity consumption information, and controls the short message module (407) to send a short message containing the electricity charge information to the user.
所述智能电表(100)、数据采集器(200)、协调器(300)以及管理系统(400)的主控制器模块(101、201、301、401)采用嵌入式处理器，具有ARM7内核。The smart meter (100), data collector (200), coordinator (300) and main controller module (101, 201, 301, 401) of the management system (400) adopt an embedded processor with an ARM7 core.
所述防盗模块(108)包含的智能电表封装检测单元采用压力传感器、智能电表箱开启检测单元采用红外传感器，当对电表封装或表箱进行非法操作时，压力传感器或红外传感器能够立即感知并通过告警单元发出告警。The smart meter package detection unit contained in the anti-theft module (108) adopts a pressure sensor, and the smart meter box opening detection unit adopts an infrared sensor. The alarm unit issues an alarm.
所述数据采集器(200)和协调器(300)在采集完数据后发送数据前进入休眠状态。The data collector (200) and the coordinator (300) enter a dormant state after collecting data and before sending data.
本发明所产生的积极效果为：该系统中的智能电表集计量、检测、告警、安全加密、通信、控制为一体，有效的提高了电网的信息化、自动化及网络化管理水平。系统的数据采集器与协调器形成了一个自组织的无线传感器网络，并且在数据采集器与协调器之间，协调器与管理系统之间设计使用了高效的传输机制，有效的避免了由于设备数量增加导致的数据传输冲突，保证了系统采集数据的准确性和及时性，管理系统能够实时显示所有智能电表的运行状态，并为用户及时提供计费信息，有效提供供电单位的管理水平。The positive effect produced by the invention is: the smart meter in the system integrates measurement, detection, alarm, security encryption, communication and control, effectively improving the informationization, automation and network management level of the power grid. The data collector and coordinator of the system form a self-organized wireless sensor network, and an efficient transmission mechanism is designed between the data collector and the coordinator, and between the coordinator and the management system, effectively avoiding the The data transmission conflict caused by the increase in quantity ensures the accuracy and timeliness of the data collected by the system. The management system can display the operating status of all smart meters in real time, and provide users with timely billing information, effectively providing the management level of the power supply unit.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种安全远程无线抄表计费系统的结构原理框图。Fig. 1 is a structural principle block diagram of a safe remote wireless meter reading billing system of the present invention.
图2为本发明中智能电表的结构框图。Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the smart meter in the present invention.
图3为本发明中数据采集器、协调器的结构框图。Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a data collector and a coordinator in the present invention.
图4为本发明中管理系统的结构框图。Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of the management system in the present invention.
图5为本发明中系统无线传输网络数据传输的流程图。Fig. 5 is a flow chart of data transmission in the wireless transmission network of the system in the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下通过具体实施方式，并结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1，为本发明一种智能远程无线抄表计费系统的结构原理框图，该系统包括：该系统包括：至少一个智能电表(100)，至少一个数据采集器(200)，至少一个协调器(300)，管理系统(400)，所述数据采集器(200)连接并管理至少一个智能电表(100)，所述协调器(300)连接并管理至少一个数据采集器(200)，管理系统(400)连接并管理至少一个协调器(300)。Referring to Fig. 1, it is a structural principle block diagram of a kind of intelligent remote wireless meter reading billing system of the present invention, and the system includes: the system includes: at least one smart meter (100), at least one data collector (200), at least one coordination device (300), management system (400), the data collector (200) connects and manages at least one smart meter (100), and the coordinator (300) connects and manages at least one data collector (200), manages The system (400) connects and manages at least one coordinator (300).
参见图2，为本发明中智能电表的结构框图，所述智能电表(100)包含：主控制器模块(101)，用于对智能电表各个模块的控制；电源模块(102)，用于为智能电表各模块提供稳定的工作电压、工作电流；存储模块(103)，用于存储智能电表采集到的用户的用电信息、智能电表的工作参数及密钥与加密算法匹配表；显示模块(104)，用于向用户显示智能电表的工作状态以及用电量，电费余额信息；按键模块(105)，用于用户与智能电表间的人机交互；故障检测模块(106)，用于检测智能电表各个模块的工作状态；告警模块(107)，用于智能电表出现异常情况时发出告警提示音；防盗模块(108)，所述防盗模块包含智能电表封装检测单元和智能电表箱开启检测单元，当判断出电表封装或表箱开启时通过告警单元发出告警；数据采集模块(109)，用于采集包含电压、电流、功率、频率、功率因素、相位角以及消耗的电能数据的用电信息；加密模块(110)，用于将待上传的用电信息进行加密；无线传输模块(111)，用于将加密后的用电信息上传到智能电表所属的数据采集器以及从所属的数据采集器接收信息；Referring to Fig. 2, it is a structural block diagram of a smart meter in the present invention, and the smart meter (100) includes: a main controller module (101), used for controlling each module of the smart meter; a power supply module (102), used for Each module of the smart meter provides stable working voltage and working current; the storage module (103) is used to store the user's electricity consumption information collected by the smart meter, the working parameters of the smart meter, and the key and encryption algorithm matching table; the display module ( 104), used to display the working state of the smart meter, electricity consumption, and electricity balance information to the user; the button module (105), used for human-computer interaction between the user and the smart meter; the fault detection module (106), used for detecting The working status of each module of the smart meter; the alarm module (107), which is used to send an alarm sound when an abnormal situation occurs in the smart meter; the anti-theft module (108), the anti-theft module comprising a smart meter package detection unit and a smart meter box opening detection unit , when it is judged that the ammeter package or the meter box is opened, an alarm is sent through the alarm unit; the data acquisition module (109) is used to collect electricity consumption information including voltage, current, power, frequency, power factor, phase angle and consumed electric energy data The encryption module (110) is used to encrypt the power consumption information to be uploaded; the wireless transmission module (111) is used to upload the encrypted power consumption information to the data collector to which the smart meter belongs and from the data collector to which the smart meter belongs. The receiver receives information;
参见图3，为本发明中数据采集器、协调器的结构框图。所述数据采集器(200)包含：主控制器模块(201)，用于对数据采集器(200)的各个模块的控制；无线传输模块(202)，用于接收智能电表发送的用电信息并上传至协调器以及从协调器(300)接收信息并下发至智能电表(100)；存储模块(203)，用于存储用电信息、协调器(300)下发的信息及密钥与加密算法匹配表；加密模块(204)，用于对接收到的用电信息进行加密；所述协调器(300)包含：主控制器模块(301)，用于对协调器(200)的各个模块的控制；无线传输模块(302)，用于接收数据采集器发送的用电信息并上传至管理系统以及从管理系统接收信息并下发至数据采集器；存储模块(303)，用于存储用电信息以及管理系统下发的信息。Referring to Fig. 3, it is a structural block diagram of the data collector and the coordinator in the present invention. The data collector (200) includes: a main controller module (201), used for controlling each module of the data collector (200); a wireless transmission module (202), used for receiving electricity consumption information sent by a smart meter And upload to the coordinator and receive information from the coordinator (300) and send it to the smart meter (100); the storage module (203) is used to store the information and keys issued by the power consumption information, the coordinator (300) and Encryption algorithm matching table; Encryption module (204), used for encrypting the electricity consumption information that receives; Described coordinator (300) comprises: Main controller module (301), is used for each coordinator (200) Module control; wireless transmission module (302), used to receive the power consumption information sent by the data collector and upload it to the management system and receive information from the management system and send it to the data collector; storage module (303), used to store Power consumption information and information issued by the management system.
参见图4，为本发明中管理系统的结构框图。所述管理系统(400)包含：主控制器模块(401)，用于对管理系统(400)的各个模块的控制；无线传输模块(402)，用于接收协调器(300)发送的用电信息以及向协调器下发信息；解密模块(403)，用于解密接收的加密信息；数据库模块(404)，用于存储信息；监控显示模块(405)，用于实时显示所有智能电表(100)的信息；计费模块(406)，用于对智能电表(100)的用电量进行计费；短消息模块(407)，用于向用户发送电费信息相关的短消息。Referring to Fig. 4, it is a structural block diagram of the management system in the present invention. The management system (400) includes: a main controller module (401), used to control each module of the management system (400); a wireless transmission module (402), used to receive the power consumption sent by the coordinator (300) information and send information to the coordinator; decryption module (403), for decrypting the encrypted information received; database module (404), for storing information; monitoring and display module (405), for real-time display of all smart meters (100 ) information; the billing module (406), used for billing the electricity consumption of the smart meter (100); the short message module (407), used for sending short messages related to the electricity bill information to the user.
参见图5，为本发明中系统无线传输网络数据传输的流程图。所述协调器(300)启动后，创建具有独立网络标识的无线网络，所述网络标识是管理系统(400)配置的，所述数据采集器(200)获取所述协调器(300)的网络标识，发送加入网络请求命令，所述协调器(300)接收到加入网络请求命令后发送加入网络响应命令，数据采集器(200)接收到加入网络响应命令后向协调器(300)返回确认信息，协调器(300)接收到确认信息后为数据采集器(200)分配唯一的网络地址，并将所述网络地址发送给数据采集器(200)以及将网络标识与网络地址发送给管理系统(400)，数据采集器(200)更新网络地址以及网络标识，管理系统(400)将网络标识与数据采集器(200)的网络地址对应存储在数据库模块(404)中；Referring to FIG. 5 , it is a flow chart of system wireless transmission network data transmission in the present invention. After the coordinator (300) is started, a wireless network with an independent network identifier is created, the network identifier is configured by the management system (400), and the data collector (200) obtains the network of the coordinator (300) identification, sending a request command to join the network, the coordinator (300) sends a response command to join the network after receiving the request command to join the network, and the data collector (200) returns confirmation information to the coordinator (300) after receiving the response command to join the network , the coordinator (300) distributes a unique network address for the data collector (200) after receiving the confirmation information, and sends the network address to the data collector (200) and sends the network identification and the network address to the management system ( 400), the data collector (200) updates the network address and the network identifier, and the management system (400) stores the network identifier and the network address of the data collector (200) correspondingly in the database module (404);
数据采集器(200)加入协调器(300)建立的网络后，数据采集器(200)周期性广播自身的网络地址，智能电表(100)获取并保存所述数据采集器(200)的网络地址，并向数据采集器(200)发送包含智能电表(100)标识信息的连接请求，数据采集器(200)保存智能电表(100)的标识信息并向智能电表(100)返回连接成功响应信息；智能电表(100)的主控制器模块(101)从数据采集模块(109)获取采集的用电信息，将用电信息发送至加密模块(110)进行加密，加密过程为：智能电表(100)的主控制器模块(101)从存储模块(103)中存储的密钥和加密算法匹配表中随机选取一组密钥和加密算法(A)，对用电信息进行第一次加密；随后，主控制器模块(101)生成用电信息帧，该帧包含数据采集器(200)的网络地址，智能电表(100)的标识信息、选择的一组密钥和加密算法(A)在匹配表中的标识以及第一次加密的用电信息，并控制无线传输模块(111)将用电信息帧上传到智能电表(100)所属的数据采集器(200)；数据采集器(200)接收到用电信息帧后，通过解析该帧获取帧中包含的数据采集器(200)的网络地址，智能电表(100)的标识信息，如判断该用电信息帧是其所属智能电表发送的，则保存用电信息帧，若否，则丢弃该帧，随后，数据采集器(200)的主控制器模块(201)从存储模块(203)中存储的密钥和加密算法匹配表中随机选取一组密钥和加密算法(B)，对保存的用电信息帧进行第二次加密，并在第二次加密后的用电信息帧前添加网络标识以及选择的一组密钥和加密算法(B)在匹配表中的标识形成新的用电信息帧；After the data collector (200) joins the network established by the coordinator (300), the data collector (200) periodically broadcasts its own network address, and the smart meter (100) acquires and saves the network address of the data collector (200) , and send to the data collector (200) a connection request that includes the identification information of the smart meter (100), and the data collector (200) saves the identification information of the smart meter (100) and returns a connection success response message to the smart meter (100); The main controller module (101) of the smart meter (100) obtains the collected electricity consumption information from the data acquisition module (109), and sends the electricity consumption information to the encryption module (110) for encryption. The encryption process is: the smart meter (100) The main controller module (101) randomly selects a group of keys and encryption algorithms (A) from the keys stored in the storage module (103) and the encryption algorithm matching table, and encrypts the electricity information for the first time; subsequently, The main controller module (101) generates a power consumption information frame, which includes the network address of the data collector (200), the identification information of the smart meter (100), a selected group of keys and the encryption algorithm (A) in the matching table The identification in and the power consumption information encrypted for the first time, and control the wireless transmission module (111) to upload the power consumption information frame to the data collector (200) to which the smart meter (100) belongs; the data collector (200) receives After the power consumption information frame, obtain the network address of the data collector (200) contained in the frame by parsing the frame, and the identification information of the smart meter (100), if it is judged that the power consumption information frame is sent by the smart meter to which it belongs, then Preserve the power consumption information frame, if not, then discard this frame, subsequently, the main controller module (201) of data collector (200) selects one at random from the key stored in the storage module (203) and the encryption algorithm matching table. Group key and encryption algorithm (B), encrypt the saved power consumption information frame for the second time, and add the network identification and a selected group of keys and encryption algorithm before the power consumption information frame after the second encryption ( B) the identification in the matching table forms a new power consumption information frame;
所述协调器(300)将与数据采集器(200)进行通信的信道分为多个子信道，并将该多个子信道分配给多个数据采集器(200)，每个子信道可由多个数据采集器(200)共享，当一个数据采集器(200)需要上传新的用电信息帧时，先检测分配给该数据采集器(200)的子信道的状态，如果该子信道处于繁忙状态，则该数据采集器(200)进入延迟发送状态并继续检测子信道状态，如果该子信道处于空闲状态，则向协调器(300)发送数据发送请求，当数据采集器(200)接收到协调器(300)返回的数据发送允许消息后，开始发送用电信息帧，协调器(300)接收到用电信息帧后向数据采集器(200)反馈ACK信息，在数据发送时段结束后，协调器根据用电信息帧的接收情况，生成重传请求帧，重传请求帧包含需要重传用电信息帧的数据采集器的网络地址以及重传用电信息帧的信道资源，协调器广播该重传请求帧，当数据采集器接收该重传请求帧并解析出该重传请求帧中包含自身的网络地址时，根据分配的信道资源进行用电信息帧的重传；协调器解析接收到的用电信息帧获取帧中包含的网络标识，如判断该用电信息帧是其所属数据采集器(200)发送的，则保存用电信息帧，若否，则丢弃该帧；The coordinator (300) divides the channel for communicating with the data collector (200) into multiple sub-channels, and distributes the multiple sub-channels to multiple data collectors (200), and each sub-channel can be collected by multiple data collectors. When a data collector (200) needs to upload a new power consumption information frame, it first detects the state of the sub-channel assigned to the data collector (200), if the sub-channel is in a busy state, then This data acquisition device (200) enters delay sending state and continues to detect sub-channel state, if this sub-channel is in idle state, then sends data transmission request to coordinator (300), when data acquisition device (200) receives coordinator ( 300) After the returned data transmission permission message, start to send the power consumption information frame, the coordinator (300) feeds back the ACK information to the data collector (200) after receiving the power consumption information frame, after the data sending period ends, the coordinator according to The reception of the power consumption information frame generates a retransmission request frame. The retransmission request frame contains the network address of the data collector that needs to retransmit the power consumption information frame and the channel resource for retransmitting the power consumption information frame. The coordinator broadcasts the retransmission Request frame, when the data collector receives the retransmission request frame and parses out its own network address contained in the retransmission request frame, retransmits the power consumption information frame according to the allocated channel resources; the coordinator parses the received user information frame The electricity information frame acquires the network identification contained in the frame, if it is judged that the electricity information frame is sent by its data collector (200), then the electricity information frame is saved, if not, the frame is discarded;
管理系统(400)侦听协调器(300)发送的时隙请求，在接收到各个协调器的时隙请求后，为各个协调器分配数据发送时隙，生成并广播发送时隙响应帧，该发送时隙响应帧包含协调器的网络标识和对应的发送时隙，各个协调器(300)在接收到发送时隙响应帧后，解析获取自身网络标识对应的发送时隙，在发送时隙到来时，协调器(300)延迟一段时间后开始上发送电信息帧并在发送时隙结束前提前结束发送；管理系统(400)的主控制器模块(401)接收无线传输模块(402)发送来的用电信息帧，解析获取网络标识以及数据采集器选择的一组密钥和加密算法在匹配表中的标识(B)并控制解密模块(403)对第二次加密的用电信息帧进行解密，获取数据采集器(200)的网络地址，智能电表(100)的标识信息、选择的一组密钥和加密算法(A)在匹配表中的标识以及第一次加密的用电信息，并控制解密模块(403)对第一次加密的用电信息解密，获取用电信息。The management system (400) listens to the time slot request sent by the coordinator (300), and after receiving the time slot request of each coordinator, allocates a data transmission time slot for each coordinator, generates and broadcasts a transmission time slot response frame, the The sending time slot response frame includes the network identification of the coordinator and the corresponding sending time slot. After receiving the sending time slot response frame, each coordinator (300) parses and obtains the sending time slot corresponding to its own network identification. When the sending time slot arrives When the coordinator (300) delays for a period of time, it starts to send the electrical information frame and ends the sending before the end of the sending time slot; the main controller module (401) of the management system (400) receives the wireless transmission module (402) to send The power consumption information frame, analyze and obtain network identification and a group of keys selected by the data collector and the identification (B) of the encryption algorithm in the matching table and control the decryption module (403) to perform the second encrypted power consumption information frame Decrypt, obtain the network address of the data collector (200), the identification information of the smart meter (100), a group of keys selected and the identification of the encryption algorithm (A) in the matching table and the electricity consumption information encrypted for the first time, And control the decryption module (403) to decrypt the electricity consumption information encrypted for the first time to obtain the electricity consumption information.
综上所述，本发明该系统中的智能电表集能够计量、检测、告警、安全加密、通信、控制功能，数据采集器与协调器之间，协调器与管理系统之间使用高效的安全传输机制，有效的避免了由于设备间数据传输冲突，保证了系统采集数据的准确性和及时性，管理系统能够实时显示所有智能电表的运行状态，并为用户及时提供计费信息，有效提供供电单位的管理水平，有效的提高了电网的信息化、自动化及网络化管理水平，有很好的应用前景。In summary, the smart meter set in the system of the present invention can measure, detect, alarm, securely encrypt, communicate, and control functions, and use efficient and secure transmission between the data collector and the coordinator, and between the coordinator and the management system Mechanism, effectively avoiding data transmission conflicts between devices, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of data collected by the system, the management system can display the operating status of all smart meters in real time, and provide users with timely billing information, effectively providing power supply units The management level has effectively improved the informatization, automation and network management level of the power grid, and has a good application prospect.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改，等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, equivalent replacements and improvements, etc., should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610065419.4ACN105528886B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | A kind of safety long-distance radio meter register charge system |
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| CN201610065419.4ACN105528886B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | A kind of safety long-distance radio meter register charge system |
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| CN105528886Atrue CN105528886A (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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| CN201610065419.4AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105528886B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | A kind of safety long-distance radio meter register charge system |
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