CN105525875B - rotary steerable drilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及钻井工具领域的一种旋转导向钻井装置主要由心轴、定向筒、定位器、定位键、拉伸弹簧、控制阀、控制销、压缩弹簧、偏置块、轴承、密封装置组成，心轴与钻柱及钻头连接。造斜时，偏置机构伸出，钻柱与井眼偏心，定向筒与偏置机构不旋转，钻压、扭矩通过心轴传递至钻头，实现造斜段旋转定向钻进；稳斜时，偏置机构缩回，钻柱与井眼同心，钻压、扭矩通过心轴传递至钻头，实现稳斜段旋转钻进。旋转导向钻井装置造斜能力强，应用范围广，可大幅降低复杂结构井钻井成本，同时具有结构设计简单可靠、加工方便、传递扭矩大、运行平稳等特点。

The invention relates to a rotary steerable drilling device in the field of drilling tools, which is mainly composed of a mandrel, an orientation cylinder, a locator, a positioning key, a tension spring, a control valve, a control pin, a compression spring, a bias block, a bearing, and a sealing device. The mandrel is connected with the drill string and the drill bit. During deflection, the offset mechanism is extended, the drill string and the wellbore are eccentric, the directional cylinder and the bias mechanism do not rotate, the bit pressure and torque are transmitted to the drill bit through the mandrel, and the rotation and directional drilling of the deflection section is realized; when the deflection is stabilized, The offset mechanism is retracted, the drill string is concentric with the wellbore, the drilling pressure and torque are transmitted to the drill bit through the mandrel, and the rotary drilling of the stabilizing section is realized. The rotary steerable drilling device has strong deflection ability and wide application range, which can greatly reduce the drilling cost of complex structure wells. At the same time, it has the characteristics of simple and reliable structural design, convenient processing, large transmission torque and stable operation.

Description

Translated fromChinese

旋转导向钻井装置Rotary Steerable Drilling Unit

技术领域technical field

本发明主要涉及石油天然气钻井、煤层气钻井、地质勘探、矿山钻探行业领域的一种旋转导向钻井装置。The invention mainly relates to a rotary steerable drilling device in the fields of petroleum and natural gas drilling, coal bed gas drilling, geological exploration and mine drilling.

背景技术Background technique

为了满足油气资源勘探开发的要求，大位移井、三维多目标井、长水平段水平井、分支井等复杂结构井越来越多，常规滑动钻井技术虽然能够满足钻井工艺的技术要求，但钻进效率大大低于旋转钻进，并且存在井眼净化差、井身质量差、井下复杂情况频发等诸多问题，直接影响了油气藏的高效开发。因此发展了旋转导向钻井技术，即采用旋转导向钻井系统在旋转钻井方式下实现井斜和方位的调整，配合随钻测量技术和井下控制技术，在进行井下测量信息实时反馈的同时，自动调整井下工具的造斜能力，实现复杂井眼轨迹的连续、自动控制，提高钻井效率和开发效益。国外石油公司根据各种偏置原理研发出了多种类型的旋转导向钻井系统，并已经成功进行了商业化应用，取得了较高的经济效益，例如philips公司的井底旋转闭环控制变径稳定器tracks系统，sperry-sun公司的遥控变径稳定器AGS系统在复杂结构井的钻井过程中发挥了重要作用，但由于只能调整井斜不能调整方位，因此使用范围受到了限制；Baker Hughes公司的带地质导向的井下闭环旋转导向钻井系统RCLS属于静止式旋转导向钻井系统，camco公司的旋转导向钻井系统SRD属于调节式旋转导向钻井系统，施卢默格公司的滑动套筒旋转导向钻井系统(专利号99127768.6)、液压伺服环路旋转可转向钻井系统(专利号00104162.2)、自动控制的旋转可控钻井系统及方法(专利号99127889.5)等，实现了三维控制。国内研究机构根据国外技术资料的基础上也进行了旋转导向钻井装置的研究，例如舵板式钻头导向器(专利号96211800.1)、偏心稳定器钻井导向工具(专利号91210649)、井眼轨迹控制器(专利号96226289.6)等，虽然能够进行定向钻井和方位调整，但不能连续实时控制井眼轨迹，并且由于关键技术的垄断以及元器件的限制，国内旋转导向钻井技术的研究仍处于室内研究阶段，难以满足国内油气田高效开发的迫切需要。In order to meet the requirements of exploration and development of oil and gas resources, there are more and more wells with complex structures such as extended-reach wells, three-dimensional multi-target wells, horizontal wells with long horizontal sections, and lateral wells. The efficiency is much lower than that of rotary drilling, and there are many problems such as poor borehole purification, poor wellbore quality, and frequent downhole complex situations, which directly affect the efficient development of oil and gas reservoirs. Therefore, the rotary steerable drilling technology has been developed, that is, the rotary steerable drilling system is used to adjust the well deviation and azimuth in the rotary drilling mode, and with the measurement-while-drilling technology and downhole control technology, the downhole measurement information is fed back in real time, and the downhole adjustment is automatically adjusted. The deflection capability of the tool realizes continuous and automatic control of complex wellbore trajectories, improving drilling efficiency and development benefits. Foreign oil companies have developed various types of rotary steerable drilling systems based on various bias principles, and have successfully carried out commercial applications and achieved high economic benefits. Tracks system, Sperry-sun company's remote variable diameter stabilizer AGS system has played an important role in the drilling process of complex wells, but because it can only adjust the well deviation but not the azimuth, the scope of use is limited; Baker Hughes company The downhole closed-loop rotary steerable drilling system RCLS with geosteering belongs to the static rotary steerable drilling system, the rotary steerable drilling system SRD of camco company belongs to the adjustable rotary steerable drilling system, and the sliding sleeve rotary steerable drilling system ( Patent No. 99127768.6), hydraulic servo loop rotary steerable drilling system (Patent No. 00104162.2), automatic control rotary controllable drilling system and method (Patent No. 99127889.5), etc., have realized three-dimensional control. Domestic research institutions have also carried out research on rotary steerable drilling devices based on foreign technical data, such as rudder plate drill guide (patent No. 96211800.1), eccentric stabilizer drilling guide tool (patent No. 91210649), borehole trajectory controller ( Patent No. 96226289.6), etc., although they can perform directional drilling and azimuth adjustment, they cannot continuously control the wellbore trajectory in real time, and due to the monopoly of key technologies and the limitation of components, domestic research on rotary steerable drilling technology is still in the indoor research stage, and it is difficult to To meet the urgent needs of efficient development of domestic oil and gas fields.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明是针对现有技术存在的问题，提出一种在采用旋转钻井方式钻进的前提下，利用液压、钻压，并配合随钻测量工具进行井斜和方位控制，实现井下连续实时调整，提升复杂井眼轨迹的控制能力，提高钻井效率和安全性，并且能够达到结构设计简单、适用范围广、性能平稳可靠、维修保养方便、使用成本低廉的旋转导向钻井装置。The present invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a method to realize continuous real-time downhole adjustment under the premise of drilling with rotary drilling method, using hydraulic pressure, drilling pressure, and coordinating with drilling measurement tools to control well deviation and azimuth. Improve the control ability of complex wellbore trajectory, improve drilling efficiency and safety, and achieve a rotary steerable drilling device with simple structure design, wide application range, stable and reliable performance, convenient maintenance and low cost of use.

本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

旋转导向钻井装置，心轴1安装在定向筒2内部，心轴1与定向筒2之间通过设置在心轴1外壁上环形凸沿和设置在定向筒2内壁上的环形凹槽构成沿轴向移动和周向旋转配合，心轴1上加工有间隔分布的上旁通孔9、下旁通孔19，其中上旁通孔9上部的定向筒2内壁上设有环形定位腔，定位腔内设有定位器6和定位键7，定位器6和定位键7分别固连在心轴1和定向筒2上，定位器6上加工定位键槽25和斜面，定位键7能够沿定位器6斜面滑动并与定位键槽25轴向插接配合，控制阀12安装在定向筒2与心轴1之间环空内，并能够相对转动，控制阀12上端与定向筒2之间安装拉伸弹簧10，控制阀12内壁或外壁上加工控制滑槽13，与之对应的心轴1或定向筒2上固有控制销14，控制滑槽13和控制销14构成轴向往复移动的限位配合，心轴1上旁通孔9与控制阀12顶端腔室相通，控制阀12下端加工连通孔16，连通孔16在控制阀12相对心轴1往复移动过程与下旁通孔19关闭或相通，在下旁通孔19下部的定向筒2筒壁径向设有偏置块18，偏置块18与定向筒2之间安装压缩弹簧17，偏置块18、定向筒2、心轴1外壁形成密封腔。Rotary steerable drilling device, the mandrel 1 is installed inside the orienting cylinder 2, between the mandrel 1 and the orienting cylinder 2 is formed by an annular convex edge on the outer wall of the mandrel 1 and an annular groove on the inner wall of the orienting cylinder 2 to form an axial Cooperating with movement and circumferential rotation, upper bypass holes 9 and lower bypass holes 19 distributed at intervals are processed on the mandrel 1, wherein an annular positioning cavity is arranged on the inner wall of the orientation cylinder 2 on the upper part of the upper bypass hole 9, and the positioning cavity A locator 6 and a locating key 7 are provided, and the locator 6 and the locating key 7 are fixedly connected to the mandrel 1 and the orientation cylinder 2 respectively. The locating key groove 25 and the slope are processed on the locator 6, and the locating key 7 can slide along the slope of the locator 6 It is axially plugged and matched with the positioning keyway 25, and the control valve 12 is installed in the annular space between the orientation cylinder 2 and the mandrel 1, and can rotate relatively. A tension spring 10 is installed between the upper end of the control valve 12 and the orientation cylinder 2, The control chute 13 is processed on the inner or outer wall of the control valve 12, and the corresponding control pin 14 is inherent on the mandrel 1 or the orientation cylinder 2. The control chute 13 and the control pin 14 form a limit fit for axial reciprocating movement. 1. The upper bypass hole 9 communicates with the top chamber of the control valve 12. The lower end of the control valve 12 is processed with a communication hole 16. The communication hole 16 is closed or communicated with the lower bypass hole 19 during the reciprocating movement of the control valve 12 relative to the spindle 1. The wall of the orientation cylinder 2 at the bottom of the through hole 19 is radially provided with a bias block 18, and a compression spring 17 is installed between the bias block 18 and the orientation cylinder 2, and the bias block 18, the orientation cylinder 2, and the outer wall of the mandrel 1 form a sealed cavity .

上述方案进一步包括：The above programs further include:

心轴1与定向筒2结合部设有浮动轴承4、浮动轴承22和止推轴承5、止推轴承21。A floating bearing 4 , a floating bearing 22 , a thrust bearing 5 , and a thrust bearing 21 are provided at the junction of the mandrel 1 and the orientation cylinder 2 .

控制滑槽13设有三个轴向位移控制止点；偏置块18安装在定向筒2上靠近钻头的一端并非均匀分布定向筒2上。The control chute 13 is provided with three axial displacement control stop points; the offset block 18 is installed on the orientation cylinder 2 which is not evenly distributed on the end of the orientation cylinder 2 close to the drill bit.

由心轴1、定向筒2、定位器6、定位键7形成的腔室内充满润滑油；控制滑槽13内充满润滑油。The cavity formed by the mandrel 1, the orientation cylinder 2, the locator 6 and the positioning key 7 is filled with lubricating oil; the control chute 13 is filled with lubricating oil.

偏置块18外表面加工直棱，且与轴线平行；定向筒2为非圆形结构。The outer surface of the offset block 18 is processed with straight edges and is parallel to the axis; the orientation cylinder 2 is a non-circular structure.

心轴1与定向筒2之间、控制阀12与定向筒2和心轴1外壁之间均安装密封装置。Sealing devices are installed between the mandrel 1 and the orientation cylinder 2 , and between the control valve 12 and the orientation cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the mandrel 1 .

本发明的旋转导向钻井装置能够在采用旋转钻井方式钻进的同时，利用液压、钻压，并配合随钻测量工具进行井斜和方位控制，实现井下实时调整，从而提高复杂井眼轨迹的控制能力，提高钻井效率和安全性，打破国外技术垄断，到达利用低成本、高效率、高安全性钻井技术开发油气藏的目的。The rotary steerable drilling device of the present invention can control well deviation and azimuth by using hydraulic pressure, drilling pressure, and cooperating with measurement-while-drilling tools while drilling in a rotary drilling manner, so as to realize downhole real-time adjustment, thereby improving the control of complex wellbore trajectories capacity, improve drilling efficiency and safety, break the monopoly of foreign technology, and achieve the purpose of developing oil and gas reservoirs with low-cost, high-efficiency, and high-safety drilling technologies.

同时，旋转导向钻井装置还具有结构设计简单可靠、加工方便、传递扭矩大、运行平稳等特点，对于提高复杂结构井的钻井效率和延伸能力具有重要意义。At the same time, the rotary steerable drilling device also has the characteristics of simple and reliable structural design, convenient processing, large transmission torque, and stable operation, which is of great significance for improving the drilling efficiency and extension capacity of complex-structured wells.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是依据本发明所提出的一种旋转导向钻井装置结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary steerable drilling device proposed according to the present invention.

图2是图1中的旋转导向钻井装置定位键脱离定位器的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positioning key of the rotary steerable drilling device in Fig. 1 disengaging from the locator.

图3是图1中的旋转导向钻井装置定位键进入定位器的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the locating key of the rotary steerable drilling device in Fig. 1 entering the locator.

图4是图1中的旋转导向钻井装置定位槽的放大展开示意图。Fig. 4 is an enlarged expanded schematic view of the positioning groove of the rotary steerable drilling device in Fig. 1 .

图5是图1中A—A断面示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of A-A section in Fig. 1 .

图中：1-心轴、2-定向筒、3-密封装置、4-浮动轴承、5-止推轴承、6-定位器、7-定位键、8-密封装置、9-旁通孔、10-拉伸弹簧、11-密封装置、12-控制阀、13-控制滑槽、14-控制销、15-密封装置、16-连通孔、17-压缩弹簧、18-偏置块、19-旁通孔、20-腔室、21-止推轴承、22-浮动轴承、23-密封装置、24-中心孔、25-定位键槽。In the figure: 1- mandrel, 2- orientation cylinder, 3- sealing device, 4- floating bearing, 5- thrust bearing, 6- locator, 7- positioning key, 8- sealing device, 9- bypass hole, 10-tension spring, 11-sealing device, 12-control valve, 13-control chute, 14-control pin, 15-sealing device, 16-communication hole, 17-compression spring, 18-bias block, 19- Bypass hole, 20-chamber, 21-thrust bearing, 22-floating bearing, 23-sealing device, 24-central hole, 25-locating keyway.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图和实施例来详细描述本发明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

参照附图1，旋转导向钻井装置，心轴1安装在定向筒2内部，心轴1与定向筒2之间通过设置在心轴1外壁上环形凸沿和设置在定向筒2内壁上的环形凹槽构成沿轴向移动和周向旋转配合，心轴1上加工有间隔分布的上旁通孔9、下旁通孔19，其中上旁通孔9上部的定向筒2内壁上设有环形定位腔，定位腔内设有定位器6和定位键7，定位器6和定位键7分别固连在心轴1和定向筒2上，定位器6上加工定位键槽25和斜面，定位键7能够沿定位器6斜面滑动并与定位键槽25轴向插接配合(参照附图2和3)，控制阀12安装在定向筒2与心轴1之间环空内，并能够相对转动，控制阀12上端与定向筒2之间安装拉伸弹簧10，控制阀12内壁或外壁上加工控制滑槽13，与之对应的心轴1或定向筒2上固有控制销14，控制滑槽13和控制销14构成轴向往复移动的限位配合，心轴1上旁通孔9与控制阀12顶端腔室相通，控制阀12下端加工连通孔16，连通孔16在控制阀12相对心轴1往复移动过程与下旁通孔19关闭或相通，在下旁通孔19下部的定向筒2筒壁径向设有偏置块18，偏置块18与定向筒2之间安装压缩弹簧17，偏置块18、定向筒2、心轴1外壁形成密封腔。Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the rotary steerable drilling device, the mandrel 1 is installed inside the orienting cylinder 2, between the mandrel 1 and the orienting cylinder 2 there is an annular convex edge arranged on the outer wall of the mandrel 1 and an annular concave groove arranged on the inner wall of the orienting cylinder 2 The grooves form the axial movement and the circumferential rotation. The mandrel 1 is processed with upper bypass holes 9 and lower bypass holes 19 distributed at intervals, wherein the inner wall of the orientation cylinder 2 on the upper part of the upper bypass holes 9 is provided with a ring positioning Cavity, the positioning chamber is provided with a locator 6 and a positioning key 7, the locator 6 and the positioning key 7 are respectively fixed on the mandrel 1 and the orientation cylinder 2, the positioning keyway 25 and the slope are processed on the locator 6, the positioning key 7 can be moved along the The locator 6 slides on an inclined plane and fits axially with the positioning keyway 25 (refer to Figures 2 and 3). The control valve 12 is installed in the annular space between the orientation cylinder 2 and the mandrel 1 and can rotate relatively. The control valve 12 A tension spring 10 is installed between the upper end and the orientation cylinder 2, and a control chute 13 is processed on the inner or outer wall of the control valve 12, and the corresponding inherent control pin 14, control chute 13 and control pin on the spindle 1 or orientation cylinder 2 14 constitutes a limit fit for axial reciprocating movement. The bypass hole 9 on the mandrel 1 communicates with the top chamber of the control valve 12. The lower end of the control valve 12 is processed with a communication hole 16. The communication hole 16 moves back and forth in the control valve 12 relative to the mandrel 1. The process is closed or communicated with the lower bypass hole 19, and a bias block 18 is arranged radially on the wall of the directional cylinder 2 at the bottom of the lower bypass hole 19, and a compression spring 17 is installed between the bias block 18 and the directional cylinder 2, and the bias block 18. The outer wall of the orientation cylinder 2 and the mandrel 1 forms a sealed cavity.

上述实施例进一步包括：The foregoing embodiments further include:

心轴1与定向筒2结合部设有浮动轴承4、浮动轴承22和止推轴承5、止推轴承21。A floating bearing 4 , a floating bearing 22 , a thrust bearing 5 , and a thrust bearing 21 are provided at the junction of the mandrel 1 and the orientation cylinder 2 .

参照附图4，控制滑槽13设有三个轴向位移控制止点；参照附图5偏置块18安装在定向筒2上靠近钻头的一端并非均匀分布定向筒2上。Referring to accompanying drawing 4, the control chute 13 is provided with three axial displacement control stops; referring to accompanying drawing 5, the offset block 18 is installed on the orientation cylinder 2 near the end of the drill bit and is not evenly distributed on the orientation cylinder 2.

由心轴1、定向筒2、定位器6、定位键7形成的腔室内充满润滑油；控制滑槽13内充满润滑油。The cavity formed by the mandrel 1, the orientation cylinder 2, the locator 6 and the positioning key 7 is filled with lubricating oil; the control chute 13 is filled with lubricating oil.

参照附图5，偏置块18外表面加工直棱，且与轴线平行；定向筒2为非圆形结构。Referring to accompanying drawing 5, the outer surface of the offset block 18 is processed with straight edges and is parallel to the axis; the orientation cylinder 2 is a non-circular structure.

上述实施例的应用说明：Application notes for the above embodiments:

心轴与钻柱及钻头连接，当进行造斜井段钻进时，高压钻井液首先经过心轴上部旁通孔进入控制阀上部，并推动控制阀下行，当控制阀连通孔与心轴下部旁通孔相通时，高压钻井液进入偏置块下部腔室，推动偏置块伸出并与井壁接触，产生侧向力使得近钻头钻具组合与井眼形成偏心，施加钻压使得定位键脱离定位器，然后旋转钻柱驱动钻头破岩钻进；当进行稳斜井段钻进时，停泵，偏置块缩回，控制阀上行，将连通孔与心轴下部旁通孔关闭，同时由于控制销和控制滑槽的作用使得控制阀在开泵时下行锁死，然后开泵，施加钻压，由于高压钻井液不会进入偏置块下部腔室，因此不会伸出，近钻头钻具组合与井眼同心，同时旋转钻柱驱动钻头破岩钻进；当进行摆工具面时，停泵，上提钻柱，此时心轴沿定位器斜面进入定位槽，转动钻柱驱动心轴、定位筒同时转动，直至设计方位。The mandrel is connected with the drill string and the drill bit. When drilling the deflected section, the high-pressure drilling fluid first enters the upper part of the control valve through the bypass hole on the upper part of the mandrel, and pushes the control valve downward. When the control valve communicates with the lower part of the mandrel When the bypass hole is connected, high-pressure drilling fluid enters the lower chamber of the offset block, pushes the offset block out and contacts the well wall, generates lateral force to make the BHA near the bit bit eccentric with the wellbore, and applies WOB to make the positioning The key is released from the locator, and then the drill string is rotated to drive the drill bit to drill through the rock; when drilling in the stabilizing section, the pump is stopped, the offset block is retracted, the control valve moves upward, and the communication hole and the bypass hole at the lower part of the mandrel are closed At the same time, due to the function of the control pin and the control chute, the control valve is locked downward when the pump is turned on, and then the pump is turned on to apply the drilling pressure. Since the high-pressure drilling fluid will not enter the lower chamber of the offset block, it will not protrude. The drilling tool assembly near the bit is concentric with the wellbore, and the drill string is rotated at the same time to drive the drill bit to drill through the rock; when the tool face is being swung, the pump is stopped and the drill string is lifted up. The column drives the mandrel and the positioning cylinder to rotate at the same time until reaching the design position.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1.旋转导向钻井装置，其特征是：心轴(1)安装在定向筒(2)内部，心轴(1)与定向筒(2)之间通过设置在心轴(1)外壁上环形凸沿和设置在定向筒(2)内壁上的环形凹槽构成沿轴向移动和周向旋转配合，心轴(1)上加工有间隔分布的上旁通孔(9)、下旁通孔(19)，其中上旁通孔(9)上部的定向筒(2)内壁上设有环形定位腔，定位腔内设有定位器(6)和定位键(7)，定位器(6)和定位键(7)分别固连在心轴(1)和定向筒(2)上，定位器(6)上加工定位键槽(25)和斜面，定位键(7)能够沿定位器(6)斜面滑动并与定位键槽(25)轴向插接配合，控制阀(12)安装在定向筒(2)与心轴(1)之间环空内，心轴能够相对控制阀转动，控制阀(12)上端与定向筒(2)之间安装拉伸弹簧(10)，控制阀(12)内壁或外壁上加工控制滑槽(13)，与之对应的心轴(1)或定向筒(2)上固定有控制销(14)，控制滑槽(13)和控制销(14)构成轴向往复移动的限位配合，心轴(1)上旁通孔(9)与控制阀(12)顶端腔室相通，控制阀(12)下端加工连通孔(16)，连通孔(16)在控制阀(12)相对心轴(1)往复移动过程与下旁通孔(19)构成关闭或相通配合，在下旁通孔(19)下部的定向筒(2)筒壁径向设有偏置块(18)，偏置块(18)与定向筒(2)之间安装压缩弹簧(17)，偏置块(18)、定向筒(2)、心轴(1)外壁形成密封腔。1. The rotary steerable drilling device is characterized in that: the mandrel (1) is installed inside the directional cylinder (2), and the mandrel (1) and the directional cylinder (2) pass through the annular convex edge arranged on the outer wall of the mandrel (1). It cooperates with the annular groove provided on the inner wall of the orientation cylinder (2) to move axially and rotate in the circumferential direction. The mandrel (1) is processed with upper bypass holes (9) and lower bypass holes (19) distributed at intervals. ), wherein the inner wall of the orientation cylinder (2) on the upper part of the bypass hole (9) is provided with an annular positioning cavity, and the positioning cavity is provided with a locator (6) and a positioning key (7), and the locator (6) and the positioning key (7) are respectively fixed on the mandrel (1) and the orientation cylinder (2), and the positioning keyway (25) and the inclined surface are processed on the locator (6), and the locating key (7) can slide along the inclined surface of the locator (6) and align with the The positioning keyway (25) is axially plugged and fitted, and the control valve (12) is installed in the annular space between the orientation cylinder (2) and the mandrel (1). The mandrel can rotate relative to the control valve, and the upper end of the control valve (12) is connected to Tension springs (10) are installed between the directional cylinders (2), the control chute (13) is processed on the inner or outer wall of the control valve (12), and the corresponding mandrel (1) or directional cylinder (2) is fixed with The control pin (14), the control chute (13) and the control pin (14) form a limit fit for axial reciprocating movement, and the bypass hole (9) on the mandrel (1) communicates with the top chamber of the control valve (12) The lower end of the control valve (12) is processed with a communication hole (16), and the communication hole (16) is closed or communicated with the lower bypass hole (19) during the reciprocating movement of the control valve (12) relative to the spindle (1). The directional cylinder (2) tube wall of through hole (19) bottom is radially provided with bias block (18), and compression spring (17) is installed between bias block (18) and directional cylinder (2), and bias block ( 18), the outer wall of the orientation cylinder (2) and the mandrel (1) forms a sealed cavity.2.根据权利要求1所述的旋转导向钻井装置，其特征是：心轴（1）上端与定向筒（2）上端之间设有浮动轴承（4）和止推轴承（5），心轴（1）下端与定向筒（2）下端之间设有浮动轴承（22）和止推轴承（21）。2. The rotary steerable drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a floating bearing (4) and a thrust bearing (5) are arranged between the upper end of the mandrel (1) and the upper end of the directional cylinder (2), and the mandrel (1) A floating bearing (22) and a thrust bearing (21) are arranged between the lower end and the lower end of the orientation cylinder (2).3.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转导向钻井装置，其特征是：控制滑槽(13)设有三个轴向位移控制止点；偏置块(18)安装在定向筒(2)上靠近钻头的一端并非均匀分布在定向筒(2)上。3. The rotary steerable drilling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the control chute (13) is provided with three axial displacement control stop points; the offset block (18) is installed on the directional cylinder (2) The end close to the drill bit is not evenly distributed on the orientation cylinder (2).4.根据权利要求3所述的旋转导向钻井装置，其特征是：由心轴(1)、定向筒(2)、定位器(6)、定位键(7)形成的腔室内充满润滑油；控制滑槽(13)内充满润滑油。4. The rotary steerable drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the chamber formed by the mandrel (1), the orientation cylinder (2), the positioner (6), and the positioning key (7) is filled with lubricating oil; Be full of lubricating oil in the control chute (13).5.根据权利要求4所述的旋转导向钻井装置，其特征是：偏置块(18)外表面加工直棱，且与轴线平行；定向筒(2)为非圆形结构。5. The rotary steerable drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outer surface of the offset block (18) is processed with straight edges and is parallel to the axis; the orientation cylinder (2) is a non-circular structure.6.根据权利要求1所述的旋转导向钻井装置，其特征是：心轴(1)与定向筒(2)之间、控制阀(12)与定向筒(2)和心轴(1)外壁之间均安装密封装置。6. The rotary steerable drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the mandrel (1) and the directional cylinder (2), the control valve (12) and the directional cylinder (2) and the outer wall of the mandrel (1) Sealing devices are installed between them.