技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种气体分析装置，尤其涉及一种将被测量气体和基准气体进行切换从而对气体浓度进行测量的分析装置以及气体分析方法。The invention relates to a gas analysis device, in particular to an analysis device and a gas analysis method for measuring gas concentration by switching between a measured gas and a reference gas.
背景技术Background technique
对于例如像工厂那样的大的设备，为了将废弃物等燃烧时所产生的气体引导至烟囱，有时会设置烟道。从烟囱排放出来的气体，从环境保护等的观点来看，需要满足一定的条件。为此，一般地，从烟道内采集样本气体，对该样本气体进行分析。In large facilities such as factories, for example, a flue may be provided in order to guide gas generated when burning waste, etc., to a chimney. The gas discharged from the chimney needs to satisfy certain conditions from the viewpoint of environmental protection and the like. For this reason, generally, sample gas is collected from the flue, and the sample gas is analyzed.
NDIR方式气体分析仪是利用气体分子对红外线进行吸收的特性，根据气体分子中的红外线吸收的强度来测量气体中的特定成分的浓度。The NDIR method gas analyzer uses the characteristics of gas molecules to absorb infrared rays, and measures the concentration of specific components in the gas according to the intensity of infrared absorption in gas molecules.
NDIR方式的气体分析仪的原理大致如图1所示，包括：发射红外线的光源；导入气体的气体室；用于使红外光断续地入射到气体室中的断续器；以及检测样本浓度的检测部。根据将被测量气体导入至气体室时的由检测器接受光的红外线量与将基准气体导入至气体室时的由检测器接受光的红外线量之差来计算出气体浓度。The principle of the NDIR gas analyzer is roughly shown in Figure 1, including: a light source emitting infrared rays; a gas chamber for introducing gas; an interrupter for intermittently incident infrared light into the gas chamber; and detection of sample concentration detection department. The gas concentration is calculated from the difference between the amount of infrared light received by the detector when the gas to be measured is introduced into the gas chamber and the amount of infrared light received by the detector when the reference gas is introduced into the gas chamber.
在对火力发电厂等的燃料燃烧的成套设备排出来的气体进行测量的时候，是将探针插入烟道且将排出来的气体吸入并进行分析的，但在排出来的气体中一般地含有较多的水分，如果在将气体导入至分析仪的配管内部产生结露的话，由于测量成分将溶入结露水中，所以有必要一边用加热导管加热到100℃以上一边导入至分析仪。现有技术中气体分析仪的连接方式如图2所示。When measuring the gas exhausted from fuel combustion plants such as thermal power plants, the probe is inserted into the flue and the exhausted gas is sucked and analyzed. However, the exhausted gas generally contains If there is a lot of moisture, if condensation occurs inside the piping that introduces the gas to the analyzer, the measured components will dissolve in the dew water, so it is necessary to introduce it to the analyzer while heating it to 100°C or higher with a heating tube. The connection mode of the gas analyzer in the prior art is shown in FIG. 2 .
在NDIR方式的测量中，H2O由于红外线吸收光谱的宽度较宽，将与被测量气体产生干扰，所以作为测量的预处理，利用除湿器对被测量气体进行除湿，使得被测量气体中所包含的水分量总是成为固定。In the measurement of NDIR method, H2O will interfere with the gas to be measured due to the wide width of the infrared absorption spectrum. The amount of moisture always becomes fixed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明要解决的课题The problem to be solved by the invention
将被测量气体和基准气体交替地导入至气体池中的气体切换方式，主要是将大气用作基准气体，通过除湿器对大气进行除湿并作为基准气体，以使基准气体中所包含的水分量不因气候的变化而变化。由于被测量气体中所包含的水分量与基准气体中所包含的水分量之差异即成为测量误差，所以各自进行除湿，以使之后气体中所包含的水分量总是相同的。The gas switching method of introducing the measured gas and the reference gas into the gas cell alternately is mainly to use the atmosphere as the reference gas, dehumidify the atmosphere through a dehumidifier and use it as the reference gas, so that the moisture contained in the reference gas Not changed by climate change. Since the difference between the amount of moisture contained in the gas to be measured and the amount of moisture contained in the reference gas becomes a measurement error, each dehumidification is performed so that the amount of moisture contained in the gas is always the same afterwards.
在将低价且维护性良好的电子冷却器用于除湿的情况下，如图2所示，为使被测量气体和基准气体中的水分量尽可能地相同，使用对称配备的电子冷却器，但因为向电子冷却器中导入时的被测量气体的温度和基准气体的温度的差异，而使冷却块产生温度偏差，故难以使各自除湿后的水分量总是相同In the case of using an inexpensive and easy-to-maintain electronic cooler for dehumidification, as shown in Figure 2, in order to make the moisture content of the measured gas and the reference gas as equal as possible, use a symmetrically equipped electronic cooler, but Due to the temperature difference between the temperature of the gas to be measured and the temperature of the reference gas when it is introduced into the electronic cooler, the temperature deviation of the cooling block occurs, so it is difficult to keep the moisture content after each dehumidification always the same
因此，在现有技术中，由于被测量气体和基准气体所含有的水分量的差异会导致测量误差，影响分析精度。Therefore, in the prior art, the difference in the amount of moisture contained in the gas to be measured and the reference gas will cause measurement errors and affect the analysis accuracy.
用于解决课题的手段means to solve the problem
根据本发明的一种红外线气体分析仪，其根据检测被测量气体与基准气体吸收红外线光量的差来计算出所述被测量气体的浓度，所述红外线气体分析仪包括加热导管，所述加热导管对所述被测量气体进行加热；除湿部，所述除湿部对所述被测量气体和所述基准气体进行除湿；分析部，经过除湿后的所述被测量气体和所述基准气体被交替地导入所述分析部进行分析；红外线气体分析仪具有加热装置，所述加热装置在所述基准气体在被所述除湿部除湿之前加热所述基准气体。According to an infrared gas analyzer of the present invention, it calculates the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the difference between the amount of infrared light absorbed by the detected gas and the reference gas, and the infrared gas analyzer includes a heating conduit, and the heating conduit heating the gas to be measured; a dehumidification unit, which dehumidifies the gas to be measured and the reference gas; an analysis unit, which dehumidifies the gas to be measured and the reference gas alternately The analyzer is introduced into the analysis unit for analysis; the infrared gas analyzer has a heating device, and the heating device heats the reference gas before it is dehumidified by the dehumidification unit.
根据本发明的一方面，所述加热装置是所述加热导管。According to an aspect of the present invention, the heating means is the heating conduit.
根据本发明的一方面，所述加热导管的外壁具有开口，所述基准气体的管道从所述开口插入所述加热导管并连接到所述除湿部。According to an aspect of the present invention, the outer wall of the heating conduit has an opening through which the pipe of the reference gas is inserted into the heating conduit and connected to the dehumidification part.
根据本发明的一方面，所述基准气体的管道被配置在所述加热导管的内部并折弯呈U型以至于所述基准气体的管道的入口和出口都位于所述加热导管的出口端。According to an aspect of the present invention, the reference gas pipe is disposed inside the heating conduit and bent in a U-shape so that the inlet and outlet of the reference gas pipe are located at the outlet end of the heating conduit.
根据本发明的一方面，所述基准气体的管道由配置在所述加热导管内部的两根直管以及接续管构成，所述接续管呈U型。According to an aspect of the present invention, the pipeline of the reference gas is composed of two straight pipes arranged inside the heating pipe and a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is U-shaped.
根据本发明的一方面，所述加热导管内部还配置有温度传感器。According to an aspect of the present invention, a temperature sensor is further arranged inside the heating conduit.
本发明还提出了一种红外线气体分析方法，根据检测被测量气体与基准气体吸收红外线光量的差来计算出所述被测量气体的浓度，所述红外线气体分析方法包括：The present invention also proposes an infrared gas analysis method, which calculates the concentration of the measured gas according to the difference in the amount of infrared light absorbed by the measured gas and the reference gas, and the infrared gas analysis method includes:
对被测量气体进行加热的步骤；The step of heating the gas to be measured;
对被加热的所述被测量气体和所述基准气体进行除湿的步骤；dehumidifying the heated measured gas and reference gas;
将所述被测量气体和所述基准气体交替地导入分析部进行分析的步骤；a step of introducing the gas to be measured and the reference gas alternately into an analysis unit for analysis;
该红外线分析方法还包括在对所述基准气体进行除湿之前，加热所述基准气体的步骤。The infrared analysis method further includes the step of heating the reference gas before dehumidifying the reference gas.
发明的效果The effect of the invention
由于被测量气体和基准气体在加热导管内部变成相同的温度，并且以相同的温度导入至分析仪的除湿器中，因此在除湿器内部没有温度差异，在除湿器出口处的水分量变得更加相等，可以降低由于气体中含有的水分导致的测量误差，从而提高了分析精度。Since the gas to be measured and the reference gas become the same temperature inside the heating tube and are introduced into the dehumidifier of the analyzer at the same temperature, there is no temperature difference inside the dehumidifier and the amount of moisture at the outlet of the dehumidifier becomes more Equal, can reduce the measurement error caused by the moisture contained in the gas, thereby improving the analysis accuracy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1示出了红外线吸收式气体分析仪的原理图。Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an infrared absorption gas analyzer.
图2是现有技术的气体分析仪的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art gas analyzer.
图3是根据本发明的实施例的气体分析仪的示意图图。3 is a schematic diagram of a gas analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4是根据本发明的第一实施例的加热导管的截面图。Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a heating conduit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
图5是根据本发明的第二实施例的加热导管的截面图。Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a heating conduit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
图6是根据本发明的第三实施例的加热导管的截面图。Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a heating conduit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
图7是根据本发明的第四实施例的加热导管的截面图。Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a heating conduit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例的气体分析仪的结构示意图。Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a gas analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图3所示，一方面，探针被插入烟道且将排出来的烟道气体吸入作为被测量气体，被测量气体的管道从加热导管内部通过并被加热。然后，通过气液分离器被冷却，被测量气体中包含的一些水分被排出流向下方，接着被测量气体从分析仪内部以较高温度被导入至电子冷却器，在电子冷却器中被冷却，变成含有大约2℃饱和水蒸汽量的被测量气体，并被导入至分析部。As shown in FIG. 3 , on the one hand, the probe is inserted into the flue and sucks exhausted flue gas as the gas to be measured, and the pipe for the gas to be measured passes through the heating pipe and is heated. Then, it is cooled by the gas-liquid separator, and some moisture contained in the gas to be measured is discharged to flow downward, and then the gas to be measured is introduced into the electronic cooler at a higher temperature from the inside of the analyzer, and is cooled in the electronic cooler. It becomes the measured gas containing saturated water vapor at about 2°C, and is introduced into the analysis section.
另一方面，作为基准气体的空气被吸入后，先从加热导管的内部通过，在加热导管内部被加热至与被测量气体相同的温度，被导入至分析仪内部之后，然后以与被测量气体大致相同的气体温度导入至电子冷却器，在电子冷却器中被冷却，变成含有大约2℃饱和水蒸汽量的基准气体，并被导入至分析部。在分析部，被测量气体以及基准气体被交替地导入气体室，进而根据将被测量气体导入至气体室时的由检测器接收的红外线光量与将基准气体导入至气体室时的由检测器接收的红外线光量的差来计算出被测量气体浓度。On the other hand, after the air as the reference gas is inhaled, it first passes through the inside of the heating tube, is heated to the same temperature as the gas to be measured inside the heating tube, is introduced into the analyzer, and is then mixed with the gas to be measured. The gas at approximately the same temperature is introduced into the electronic cooler, cooled in the electronic cooler, becomes a reference gas containing about 2°C saturated water vapor, and is introduced into the analysis unit. In the analysis part, the gas to be measured and the reference gas are alternately introduced into the gas chamber, and then the infrared light received by the detector when the gas to be measured is introduced into the gas chamber and the infrared light received by the detector when the reference gas is introduced into the gas chamber The difference in the amount of infrared light is used to calculate the concentration of the gas to be measured.
作为加热导管的实例，如图4所示，加热导管包括外壁、保温层、用于加热的芯。被测量气体的管道从加热导管内部穿过与加热芯平行，进而被测量气体被加热。在本实例中，加热导管的外壁上有开口，基准气体的管道从开口插入加热导管内部，与被测量气体的管道及加热芯平行设置，并且其出口端连接至气体分析仪的除湿部。As an example of the heating conduit, as shown in FIG. 4 , the heating conduit includes an outer wall, an insulating layer, and a core for heating. The pipeline of the gas to be measured passes through the inside of the heating conduit and is parallel to the heating core, so that the gas to be measured is heated. In this example, there is an opening on the outer wall of the heating conduit, and the pipe of the reference gas is inserted into the inside of the heating conduit through the opening, arranged parallel to the pipe of the gas to be measured and the heating core, and its outlet end is connected to the dehumidification part of the gas analyzer.
作为另一个实例，可以如图5所示配置基准气体的管道。在本实例中，基准气体的管道被折弯呈U型地配置在加热导管内部，基准气体的管道的入口和出口都配置在加热导管的出口端，即加热导管与除湿部连接的一端。As another example, the piping of the reference gas may be configured as shown in FIG. 5 . In this example, the pipeline of the reference gas is bent into a U shape and arranged inside the heating conduit, and the inlet and outlet of the pipeline of the reference gas are arranged at the outlet end of the heating conduit, that is, the end of the heating conduit connected to the dehumidifier.
根据本发明的另一个实例，可以采用如图6所示的方式配置基准气体的管道。如图6所示，利用两根直管分别作为基准气体的入口和出口，在两根直管的端部，使用一个U型的接口管将其连接，这就避免了上述实例中将管道折弯可能会造成的堵塞或损坏等情况。According to another example of the present invention, the pipeline of the reference gas can be configured as shown in FIG. 6 . As shown in Figure 6, two straight pipes are used as the inlet and outlet of the reference gas respectively, and a U-shaped mouthpiece is used to connect them at the ends of the two straight pipes, which avoids bending the pipes in the above example. Bends may cause blockage or damage.
另外，图7是根据本发明的又一个实例的加热导管的截面图。在这个实例中，加热导管内部配置有温度传感器，这样的话，可以通过传感器掌握加热导管的温度，从而更好地控制被测量气体以及基准气体的加热情况。In addition, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a heating conduit according to still another example of the present invention. In this example, a temperature sensor is arranged inside the heating conduit, so that the temperature of the heating conduit can be grasped through the sensor, so as to better control the heating conditions of the gas to be measured and the reference gas.
本发明的实施例还涉及一种红外线气体分析方法。红外线气体分析方法是基于非分散红外吸收法对被测量气体的浓度进行测量的方法，根据将被测量气体导入至气体室时的由检测器接收的红外线光量与将基准气体导入至气体室时的由检测器接收的红外线光量的差来计算出被测量气体浓度。Embodiments of the present invention also relate to an infrared gas analysis method. The infrared gas analysis method is a method of measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured based on the non-dispersive infrared absorption method. The gas concentration to be measured is calculated from the difference in the amount of infrared light received by the detector.
本发明的红外线气体分析方法包括以下步骤，首先对被测量气体进行加热，然后对被加热的被测量气体和基准气体分别进行除湿，最后再将被测量气体和基准气体交替地导入分析部进行分析。The infrared gas analysis method of the present invention includes the following steps: firstly, the gas to be measured is heated, then the heated gas to be measured and the reference gas are dehumidified respectively, and finally the gas to be measured and the reference gas are alternately introduced into the analysis part for analysis .
为了降低由于被测量气体和基准气体中含有的水分的差异导致的测量误差，本发明的气体分析方法还包括在对基准气体进行除湿之前，先加热基准气体的步骤。In order to reduce the measurement error caused by the difference of moisture contained in the measured gas and the reference gas, the gas analysis method of the present invention further includes a step of heating the reference gas before dehumidifying the reference gas.
根据本发明的分析方法，由于被测量气体和基准气体都经过先加热再除湿的步骤，因此两者所含有的水分可以保持一致，从而提高了分析的精度。According to the analysis method of the present invention, since both the measured gas and the reference gas are heated and then dehumidified, the moisture contained in the two can be kept consistent, thereby improving the analysis accuracy.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this field Those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the technical content disclosed above to make some changes or modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but all the content that does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, according to the present invention Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments by the technical essence still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
产业上的可利用性Industrial availability
本发明可应用于发电及焚烧垃圾等燃烧时发生的煤烟中所包含的SO2、NOx、CO、CO2等气体的气体浓度测量。The invention can be applied to the gas concentration measurement of SO2, NOx, CO, CO2 and other gases contained in the soot generated during the combustion of power generation and garbage incineration.
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| CN201410503186.2ACN105510265B (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Infrared ray gas analyzer and analysis method for gases |
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| CN201410503186.2ACN105510265B (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Infrared ray gas analyzer and analysis method for gases |
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| CN201410503186.2AActiveCN105510265B (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Infrared ray gas analyzer and analysis method for gases |
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