Background technology
In existing anesthesia machine system scheme, with patient end nearest be breathing circuit, its major function and effect are: for mechanical ventilation or manual ventilation provide an airtight respiration channel, make the CO in patient's breath2absorbed by sodica calx, the anesthetic gases in breath can be repeated to suck by patient.Meanwhile, breathing circuit also realizes the monitoring of tidal volume, airway pressure and oxygen concentration.
Tidal volume is defined as air-breathing tidal volume and expiration tidal volume respectively by air-breathing and expiration, and air-breathing tidal volume is the gas volume of patient's suction per minute, and tidal volume of exhaling is then the volume of patient's breath per minute.
The operation principle of bellows device in breathing circuit: expiratory phase, the gas (CO that patient breathes out2gas and anesthetic gases) enter in bellows device folding capsule; Inspiratory phase, the folding capsule in driving gas compression bellows, the gas press-in CO in folding capsule2absorber, through CO2absorber process CO2rear gas is transported to patient pulmonary and absorbs together with live gas.Armarium is that children's and adult are designed with the folding capsule of two kinds of not isometric bellows covers and corresponding patient's type for patient's type usually.In anesthetic machine normally works, during corresponding expiratory phase, the gas that patient breathes out to enter in folding capsule and to rise to the top of bellows cover, and unnecessary gas then unloads to put from the POP-OFF valve in bellows device and then emits via after AGSS.This design, no matter the tidal volume of current patient is set to how many, all needs be full of by folding capsule and rise to the top of bellows cover, because the top of bellows is the basic point or the dead-center position that calculate actual tidal volume.During inspiratory phase, driving gas by pressurization by folding capsule from the top of bellows cover to pressing down, the gas press-in CO in folding capsule2absorber disposes CO2be transported to patient after gas to suck.When observing actual tidal volume, then calculate from the top of bellows cover, the volume of air-breathing end these two location points of location point corresponding to bellows that the top folding capsule from bellows cover top when folding capsule depress by driving gas is arranged in bellows is the size of actual tidal volume.
The volume of existing bellows cover is a fixed value, and it is immutable, and only have two volumetric values for adult and children patient type, children's is a fixing volumetric values, and adult is a fixing volumetric values.This design, no matter current tidal volume is set to how many, all needs be full of by folding capsule and rise to the top of bellows cover.Such as the volume of current bellows cover is 2L, and the tidal volume that current patient needs is 300mL, and by prior art, it also needs to be filled to by folding capsule until the top of bellows cover, then the dead space of the 1.7L that has an appointment.Unwanted space or volume in dead space and clinical practice, without any the space of meaning or volume.This part dead space follows the tidal volume volume UNICOM of current patient actual needs together, need anesthetic gases and the live gas of filling identical component, can cause the waste of anesthetis and live gas, volume is larger, and anesthetic gases is filled and to reach the response time of composition mix homogeneously longer.
In addition, also improve operation cost because of narcotic cost high.Therefore, be necessary that design improves bellows device, to reduce or eliminate the dead space of bellows device in breathing circuit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of bellows device and using method thereof of the variable volume on anesthetic machine breathing circuit, and has the anesthetic machine breathing circuit of this bellows device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the bellows device providing a kind of variable volume, comprises the bellows cover be connected on anesthetic machine breathing circuit, the folding capsule be arranged in described bellows cover; Also comprising can be up and down to regulate the dividing plate of described bellows cover volume; Described dividing plate is arranged in described bellows cover above described folding capsule, and the neighboring of dividing plate and described bellows cover inwall fit tightly.
Preferably, this bellows device also comprises and connects and drive the driving mechanism of described dividing plate activity.
Preferably, described driving mechanism comprises cylinder, and described cylinder is arranged on the top of described bellows cover; The piston rod of this cylinder connects described dividing plate, to drive described dividing plate up and down.
Preferably, described driving mechanism comprises motor and is connected to the screw rod on described machine shaft, and described motor is arranged on the top of described bellows cover, connects described dividing plate by described screw rod.
Preferably, this bellows device also comprises the base being arranged on described bellows cover opening, and the opening of described folding capsule is installed on described base.
Preferably, the space between described folding capsule and bellows cover forms the containing cavity holding driving gas, and described base is provided with the driving gas interface being communicated to described containing cavity;
Described base is also provided with the breathing gas interface being communicated to described folding capsule inside.
Preferably, this bellows device also comprises and being arranged on described base, and is communicated to the overflow valve of described folding capsule inside.
The present invention also provides the using method of the bellows device described in more than one any one, for the monitoring of tidal volume in anesthetic machine breathing circuit, comprises the steps:
According to the setting of tidal volume, drive dividing plate up and down to regulate the volume of bellows cover, thus the packed space of the folding capsule of restriction, be volume calculations basic point by the position mark at described dividing plate place in described bellows cover;
During expiratory phase, patient's breath enters in described folding capsule, and after making described folding capsule gassy, top rises to described dividing plate;
During inspiratory phase, driving gas is transported in described bellows cover, by described folding capsule top to pressing down, the gas in described folding capsule is extruded described folding capsule and sucks to be delivered to patient; After pressing down, the position at place in described bellows cover, described folding capsule top is volume calculations end point;
Calculate the difference of described volume calculations basic point and volume calculations end point, obtain actual tidal volume.
The present invention also provides a kind of anesthetic machine breathing circuit, comprises the bellows device described in above any one.
Preferably, the driving gas pipeline of described breathing circuit connects the driving gas interface on described bellows device base, and the breathing pipeline of described breathing circuit connects the breathing gas interface on described bellows device base.
The bellows device of variable volume of the present invention, for anesthetic machine breathing circuit, by movable in bellows cover of dividing plate, the volume regulating bellows cover is set, reduce or eliminate the dead space in breathing circuit in bellows device, the volume of folding capsule is made to be setting value flexibility and changeability with tidal volume, or bellows cover is variable for limiting the position of folding capsule upper volume bound, with the effect that the setting value of the volume and tidal volume that reach folding capsule full state is suitable.Wherein, reach the object eliminating dead space in bellows device, reduce anaesthetic and medical gas use amount, reduce surgery cost, and the response speed of anaesthetic effect is faster, save because of the unnecessary time that anesthesia gas concentration low-response causes in anesthesia surgery process, save the time wasted because of anesthesia low-response in anesthesia surgery.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the bellows device of the variable volume of one embodiment of the invention, comprise the bellows cover 1 be connected on anesthetic machine breathing circuit, the folding capsule 2 be arranged in bellows cover 1, can be up and down to regulate the dividing plate 3 of bellows cover 1 volume; Dividing plate 3 is arranged in bellows cover 1 above folding capsule 2, and the neighboring of dividing plate 3 and bellows cover 1 inwall fit tightly.
In the present invention, when anesthetic machine uses, only for adult and children patient type, by the downward or upward activity of dividing plate 3 in bellows cover 1, can reduce or increase bellows cover 1 volume, the volume of folding capsule 2 is made to be setting value flexibility and changeabilities with tidal volume, or bellows cover 1 is variable for limiting the position of folding capsule 2 upper volume bound, with the effect that the setting value of the volume and tidal volume that reach folding capsule 2 full state is suitable, eliminate or reduce dead space in bellows cover 1, thus anaesthetic and medical gas use amount can be reduced, reduce surgery cost, and the response speed of anaesthetic effect is faster.
Wherein, seal by sealing members such as sealing rings between the periphery of dividing plate 3 and bellows cover 1 inwall, do not affect dividing plate 3 up and down while, bellows cover 1 inner space be positioned at above and below dividing plate 3 is completely cut off.The activity of dividing plate 3 in bellows cover 1 preferably vertically moves up and down, when it is movable, the deflection of relative bellows cover 1 is limited to and can accepts angular range interior (± 0.5 °) in the horizontal plane, to ensure to carry out positiver sealing between dividing plate 3 and bellows cover 1 inwall, avoid there is gap between the two owing to being partial to excessive making.The upwards movable range of dividing plate 3 can abut to the roof of bellows cover 1.
A relation curve is formed between the maximum volume that the position of locating after dividing plate 3 is movable in bellows cover 1 and folding capsule 2 can reach, when anesthetic machine sets one tidal volume (cubical content), anesthetic machine control system goes out the position of the required location of dividing plate 3 according to the value reverse of this tidal volume, to driving mechanism 4 one corresponding motivation values, it is movable to required position location that driving mechanism 4 responds rear drive dividing plate 3.
By the setting of dividing plate 3, the size of bellows cover 1 can adopt stock size in prior art to arrange as height, width etc., also can be large compared with stock size in prior art.
Dividing plate 3 is preferably dull and stereotyped, and peripheral shape corresponding bellows cover 2 inner circumferential shape is arranged.Further, the material of dividing plate 3 and bellows cover 1 material identical or different.
Further, this bellows device also comprises and connects and drive the driving mechanism 4 of dividing plate 3 activity, drives up and down in bellows cover 1 of dividing plate 3 by driving mechanism 4.The concrete setting of driving mechanism 4 can adopt existing techniques in realizing, as long as dividing plate 3 can be driven up and down.
Such as: in one embodiment, driving mechanism 4 can comprise cylinder, and cylinder is arranged on the top of bellows cover 1.The piston rod connecting partition 3 of this cylinder, to drive dividing plate 3 up and down.When piston rod stretches, dividing plate 3 is driven to move down; During piston rod retraction, dividing plate 3 is driven to move up.Cylinder can be one, and its piston rod can on connecting partition 3 medium position, drive dividing plate 3 balance to move up and down; Cylinder also can be two or more, and piston rod is connected to dividing plate 3 both sides at least relatively, drives dividing plate 3 balance to move up and down.
In another embodiment, driving mechanism 4 comprises motor and is connected to the screw rod on machine shaft, and motor is arranged on the top of bellows cover 1, by screw rod connecting partition 3.During machine operation, rotating shaft rotates, and drives screw rod to rotate; Dividing plate 3 is provided with the screw coordinated with screw rod, and screw rod rotates and dividing plate 3 can be driven to move downward or upward along screw axial.Motor can be one, and on it, screw rod can on connecting partition 3 medium position, drive dividing plate 3 balance to move up and down; Motor also can be two or more, and on it, screw rod is connected to dividing plate 3 both sides at least relatively, drives dividing plate 3 balance to move up and down.
Further, this bellows device also comprises the base 5 being arranged on bellows cover 1 opening, in the opening mounting seat 5 of folding capsule 2; The opening of folding capsule 2 and bellows cover 1 is closed by base 5.
Folding space between capsule 2 and bellows cover 1 forms the containing cavity 10 holding driving gas, and base 5 is provided with the driving gas interface (not shown) being communicated to containing cavity 10.Driving gas enters containing cavity 10 by driving gas interface, by folding capsule 2 top to pressing down, the gas in folding capsule 2 can be extruded in containing cavity 10.
Base 5 is also provided with the breathing gas interface (not shown) being communicated to folding capsule 2 inside, the gas that patient breathes out enters in folding capsule 2 by this breathing gas interface, and the gas that folding capsule 2 extrudes is exported by this breathing gas interface and sucked by patient.
Further, this bellows device also comprises and being arranged on base 5, and is communicated to the overflow valve 6 of folding capsule 2 inside.When in folding capsule 2, gas pressure is excessive, overflow valve 6 opens discharge excessive gas.
Understandably, folding arranging of capsule 2 and the setting in bellows cover 1, driving gas interface and overflow valve 6 etc. all can adopt existing techniques in realizing.
Anesthetic machine breathing circuit of the present invention, comprises the bellows device of above-mentioned variable volume.
With reference to figure 1, the driving gas pipeline 7 of breathing circuit connects the driving gas interface on bellows device base 5, and the breathing pipeline 8 of breathing circuit connects the breathing gas interface on bellows device base 5.Breathing pipeline 8 is also provided with CO2absorber, CO in the gas that folding capsule 2 is extruded2carry out absorption process, through CO2gas after absorber is transported to patient pulmonary again and absorbs together with live gas.
The port of export of the overflow valve 6 of bellows device can be communicated to driving gas pipeline 7, is drained in driving gas pipeline 7 by excessive gas in folding capsule 2.
The using method of bellows device of the present invention, for the monitoring of tidal volume in anesthetic machine breathing circuit, with reference to figure 1, using method can comprise the steps:
According to the setting of tidal volume, drive dividing plate 3 up and down to regulate the volume of bellows cover 1, thus the packed space of the folding capsule 2 of restriction, be volume calculations basic point by the position mark at dividing plate 3 place in bellows cover 1.Wherein, a relation curve is formed between the maximum volume that the position of locating after dividing plate 3 is movable in bellows cover 1 and folding capsule 2 can reach, when anesthetic machine sets one tidal volume (cubical content), anesthetic machine control system goes out the position of the required location of dividing plate 3 according to the value reverse of this tidal volume, to driving mechanism 4 one corresponding motivation values, it is movable to required position location that driving mechanism 4 responds rear drive dividing plate 3.
During expiratory phase, patient's breath enters in folding capsule 2, and after making folding capsule 2 gassy, top rises to dividing plate 3.
During inspiratory phase, be transported to by driving gas in bellows cover 1 (in containing cavity 10), folding capsule 2 top to pressing down, being extruded folding capsule 2 the gas in folding capsule 2 and sucking to be delivered to patient by driving gas; After pressing down, the position at folding place in bellows cover 1, capsule 2 top is volume calculations end point.Wherein, the gas of extrusion before being sucked by patient on breathing circuit CO2the process of absorber, CO in gas2by absorption process.
Calculate the difference of volume calculations basic point and volume calculations end point, obtain actual tidal volume.
The operation such as the setting of tidal volume, the calculating of actual tidal volume can be realized by the control system of anesthetic machine.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.