技术领域technical field
本发明涉及石油化工设备技术领域，是一种用在催化裂化再生器中进行预汽提并将催化剂表面的油气快速脱去的装置。The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical equipment, and is a device used in a catalytic cracking regenerator for pre-stripping and quickly removing oil and gas on the catalyst surface.
背景技术Background technique
催化裂化是炼油厂中提高原油加工深度、生产高辛烷值汽油、柴油和液化气的最重要的一种重油轻质化工艺过程。也是炼油厂获得经济效益的主要手段。随着世界油气开采的时间增长，目前，用于催化裂化的反应原料也正逐渐呈重质化。因此，裂化反应的深度不断增加，反应的温度逐步提高，沉降空间内无选择性的二次裂化和热裂化的趋势越来越显著。二次裂化和热裂化反应会直接造成轻质油的收率降低，而干气和焦炭的收率增加。与此同时，还会造成后续的反应和分馏系统结焦严重。针对上面的问题，国内外先后设计出了比较先进的提升管末端催化剂和油气快速而又高效分离的元件，并将油气快速引出反应沉降器，减少油气在高温环境下的与催化剂的接触时间。除此之外，为了增加轻质油的收率，减少催化剂夹带油气的返混，还必须有先进的预汽提系统，能够高效的将催化剂夹带的油气置换出来，快速引入顶旋分离系统。Catalytic cracking is the most important heavy oil lightening process in refineries to increase the processing depth of crude oil and produce high-octane gasoline, diesel and liquefied gas. It is also the main means for refineries to obtain economic benefits. As the world's oil and gas extraction time increases, the reaction raw materials used for catalytic cracking are gradually becoming heavier. Therefore, the depth of the cracking reaction increases continuously, the temperature of the reaction gradually increases, and the trend of non-selective secondary cracking and thermal cracking in the settling space becomes more and more significant. Secondary cracking and thermal cracking reactions will directly reduce the yield of light oil, while the yield of dry gas and coke will increase. At the same time, it will also cause serious coking in the subsequent reaction and fractionation system. In response to the above problems, advanced catalysts at the end of the riser and components for rapid and efficient separation of oil and gas have been designed at home and abroad, and the oil and gas are quickly led out of the reaction settler to reduce the contact time of oil and gas with the catalyst in a high temperature environment. In addition, in order to increase the yield of light oil and reduce the back-mixing of catalyst-entrained oil and gas, an advanced pre-stripping system is necessary, which can efficiently replace the catalyst-entrained oil and gas and quickly introduce it into the top-spin separation system.
目前国内外在此方面的专利技术很多。例如，国内早期从提高气固分离效率入手的T型、L型、多叶型等元件，这类元件虽然提高了气固分离效率，但是油气返混的问题并没有得到解决，使反应后的油气在沉降系统内的停留时间达10-20s，从而造成过度热裂化，虽然增加了干气收率，但使轻质油收率降低，同时造成结焦严重的问题。除此之外，由中国石油大学(北京)自主研发的旋流快分系统(VQS)、粗旋快分装置(FSC)和密相环流汽提粗旋系统(CSC)。其中(VQS)主要用于内提升管油气与催化剂的快速分离及对夹带油气的催化剂进行快速汽提，在燕山石化的现场实际应用中防焦效果很好。而(FSC)快分系统的技术核心是把粗旋料腿改成一个独特的预汽提器，使催化剂获得及时高效汽提的同时将正压排料变为微负压排料。(CSC)密相环流汽提粗旋系统具有分离效率高，降低外取热器取热负荷，提高目的产品收率的特点，在胜华炼厂的实际应用中效果十分显著。At present, there are many patented technologies in this field at home and abroad. For example, the T-type, L-type, and multi-blade elements that started from improving the gas-solid separation efficiency in the early stage in China, although these types of elements have improved the gas-solid separation efficiency, the problem of oil-gas back-mixing has not been solved, making the reaction. The residence time of oil and gas in the settling system is as long as 10-20s, resulting in excessive thermal cracking. Although the yield of dry gas is increased, the yield of light oil is reduced, and serious coking problems are caused. In addition, the cyclone quick separation system (VQS), rough cyclone quick separation device (FSC) and dense phase circulation stripping rough cyclone system (CSC) independently developed by China University of Petroleum (Beijing). Among them, (VQS) is mainly used for rapid separation of oil gas and catalyst in the inner riser and rapid stripping of catalyst entrained with oil gas. It has a good anti-coking effect in the actual application of Yanshan Petrochemical. The technical core of the (FSC) fast separation system is to change the coarse rotary leg into a unique pre-stripping device, so that the catalyst can be stripped in a timely and efficient manner, and at the same time, the positive pressure discharge can be changed to a slightly negative pressure discharge. (CSC) Dense-phase circulation stripping coarse cyclone system has the characteristics of high separation efficiency, reducing the heat load of the external heat extractor, and increasing the yield of the target product, and the effect is very significant in the actual application of Shenghua refinery.
国外早期由Haddad等人提出闭式直连旋风分离系统，即将粗旋的气体出口直接用导管连接到顶旋的分离系统入口，这种方法的确在很大程度上缩短了油气的停留时间，减少了热裂化反应，但缺点是操作弹性比较小。近年，UOP公司推出了VDS系统，它在粗旋下部增设了一个汽提器，降低了料腿中催化剂夹带的油气，减少了焦炭和干气的产率。随后，欧洲专利EP0593827A1、美国专利US5314611等也在粗旋下部直接连接一个汽提段，改变一部分油气从粗旋料腿下喷出的不利情况，进一步缩短了反应油气在沉降器内的平均停留时间，使油气返混率低于2％。美国专利US4482451在提升管末端采用了几根向下倾斜一定角度的圆弧作为气固快速分离器，并在外面加一封闭罩以实现油气的快速引出。In the early stage abroad, Haddad et al. proposed a closed-type direct-connected cyclone separation system, that is, the coarse-swirl gas outlet is directly connected to the top-swirl separation system inlet with a conduit. This method indeed shortens the residence time of oil and gas to a large extent and reduces Thermal cracking reaction, but the disadvantage is that the operating flexibility is relatively small. In recent years, UOP has introduced the VDS system, which adds a stripper at the lower part of the rough cyclone, which reduces the oil and gas entrained by the catalyst in the dipleg, and reduces the yield of coke and dry gas. Subsequently, the European patent EP0593827A1, the US patent US5314611, etc. also directly connected a stripping section under the coarse rotary to change the unfavorable situation that a part of the oil and gas are ejected from the coarse rotary leg, and further shorten the average residence time of the reaction oil and gas in the settler. , so that the oil-gas backmixing rate is lower than 2%. U.S. Patent No. 4,482,451 uses several circular arcs inclined downward at a certain angle at the end of the riser as a quick gas-solid separator, and a closed cover is added outside to realize the rapid extraction of oil and gas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是能将粗旋料腿出来的催化剂进行快速的预汽提，同时脱去催化剂上面夹带的油气，减少热裂化反应，提高轻质油收率。The purpose of the present invention is to perform rapid pre-stripping on the catalyst coming out of the coarse spinner leg, and at the same time remove the oil and gas entrained on the catalyst, reduce thermal cracking reaction, and increase the yield of light oil.
在催化裂化再生器中的催化剂和油气混合物从提升管(1)出口进入沉降器粗旋(2)分离器，从而使油气和催化剂快速分离。分离后的催化剂沿粗旋料腿卸下，油气则经过粗旋的排气芯管进入沉降器的顶旋(4)分离器，进行进一步的分离，从顶旋(4)的排气芯管出来的油气最终经过沉降器油气出口(3)进入后续的分馏系统。粗旋(2)和顶旋(4)的料腿下部分别连接一根支管，支管的另一端连接在文丘里管(7)的喉部，当汽提蒸汽通过文丘里管(7)时，在其喉部会形成一定的低压区，从而就会使料腿中的夹带一定油气的催化剂大部分快速进入到预汽提管中(9)，在预汽提管(9)中进行一段汽提后，油气和催化剂经过导叶(6)后会快速旋转起来，由于二者之间的密度差异，密度较大的催化剂会被甩到管的近壁侧，最终经过壁面上的侧缝(5)分离出来，而油气则从预汽提管(9)的顶端离开进入到顶旋(4)，从而完成整个工作循环。The catalyst and oil-gas mixture in the catalytic cracking regenerator enters the rough cyclone (2) separator of the settler from the outlet of the riser (1), so that the oil-gas and catalyst are separated rapidly. The separated catalyst is unloaded along the coarse swirl legs, and the oil and gas enter the top-swirl (4) separator of the settler through the coarse-swivel exhaust core pipe for further separation. The oil and gas that come out finally enter the subsequent fractionation system through the oil and gas outlet (3) of the settler. The lower parts of the material legs of the coarse rotation (2) and the top rotation (4) are respectively connected to a branch pipe, and the other end of the branch pipe is connected to the throat of the Venturi tube (7). When the stripping steam passes through the Venturi tube (7), A certain low-pressure area will be formed in its throat, so that most of the catalyst entrained with a certain amount of oil and gas in the dipleg will quickly enter the pre-stripping pipe (9), and a stage of stripping will be carried out in the pre-stripping pipe (9) Finally, the oil gas and catalyst will rotate rapidly after passing through the guide vane (6). Due to the density difference between the two, the catalyst with a higher density will be thrown to the near wall side of the tube, and finally pass through the side seam (5 ) is separated, while the oil and gas leave from the top of the pre-stripping pipe (9) and enter the top spin (4), thus completing the entire working cycle.
本发明具有如下优点：通过应用本发明专利，可以在很大程度上减小油气的平均停留时间，减少了热裂化反应，降低了干气和焦炭的产量，提高了轻质油的收率。在预汽提管中采用文丘里管结构，使催化剂获得高效汽提的同时，还将减小粗旋和顶旋料腿卸料的正压差，因此在很大程度上减少了粗旋和顶旋料腿中气固流动状态，大大减少了常规正压差卸料使向下夹带的气体量。除此之外，还可根据提升管出口物料量来调节通过预汽提管的蒸汽量，从而增大了整个装置的操作弹性。The invention has the following advantages: by applying the patent of the invention, the average residence time of oil and gas can be reduced to a large extent, the thermal cracking reaction is reduced, the output of dry gas and coke is reduced, and the yield of light oil is increased. The Venturi tube structure is adopted in the pre-stripping tube, so that the catalyst can be stripped efficiently, and at the same time, it will also reduce the positive pressure difference between the coarse rotation and the top rotation, thus reducing the rough rotation and top rotation to a large extent. The gas-solid flow state in the top spinning material leg greatly reduces the amount of gas entrained downward by conventional positive pressure difference discharge. In addition, the amount of steam passing through the pre-stripping pipe can also be adjusted according to the amount of material at the outlet of the riser, thereby increasing the operating flexibility of the entire device.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图说明Description of drawings
图1本发明总体结构示意图；Fig. 1 overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2侧缝(5)俯视放大图；Figure 2 side seam (5) top view enlarged view;
图3导叶(6)三维立体图。Figure 3 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the guide vane (6).
符号说明Symbol Description
1.提升管、2.粗旋、3.油气出口、4.顶旋、5.侧缝、6.导叶、7.文丘里管、8.蒸汽分布板、9.汽提管。1. Riser, 2. Coarse rotation, 3. Oil and gas outlet, 4. Top rotation, 5. Side slot, 6. Guide vane, 7. Venturi tube, 8. Steam distribution plate, 9. Stripping tube.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实例对本发明作进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the present invention will be further described:
在催化裂化再生器中产生的催化剂和油气的混合物从提升管(1)出口进入沉降器粗旋(2)分离器，从而使油气和催化剂快速分离。分离后的催化剂沿粗旋料腿卸下，油气则经过粗旋的排气芯管进入沉降器的顶旋(4)分离器，进行进一步的二级分离，从顶旋(4)的排气芯管出来的油气最终经过沉降器油气出口(3)进入后续的分馏系统。粗旋(2)和顶旋(4)的料腿下部分别连接一根支管，支管的另一端连接在文丘里管(7)的喉部，当汽提蒸汽通过文丘里管(7)时，在其喉部会形成一定的低压区，从而就会使料腿中的夹带一定油气的催化剂大部分快速进入到预汽提管中(9)，在预汽提管(9)中进行一段汽提后，油气和催化剂经过导叶(6)后会快速旋转起来，由于二者之间的密度差异，密度较大的催化剂会被甩到管的近壁侧，最终经过壁面上的侧缝(5)分离出来，而油气则从预汽提管(9)的顶端离开进入到顶旋(4)，从而完成整个工作循环。The mixture of catalyst and oil gas produced in the catalytic cracking regenerator enters the rough cyclone (2) separator of the settler from the outlet of the riser (1), so that the oil gas and the catalyst are separated rapidly. The separated catalyst is unloaded along the coarse swirl legs, and the oil gas enters the top-swirl (4) separator of the settler through the coarse-swivel exhaust core pipe for further secondary separation. The oil and gas from the core tube finally enters the subsequent fractionation system through the oil and gas outlet (3) of the settler. The lower parts of the material legs of the coarse rotation (2) and the top rotation (4) are respectively connected to a branch pipe, and the other end of the branch pipe is connected to the throat of the Venturi tube (7). When the stripping steam passes through the Venturi tube (7), A certain low-pressure area will be formed in its throat, so that most of the catalyst entrained with a certain amount of oil and gas in the dipleg will quickly enter the pre-stripping pipe (9), and a stage of stripping will be carried out in the pre-stripping pipe (9) Finally, the oil gas and catalyst will rotate rapidly after passing through the guide vane (6). Due to the density difference between the two, the catalyst with a higher density will be thrown to the near wall side of the tube, and finally pass through the side seam (5 ) is separated, while the oil and gas leave from the top of the pre-stripping pipe (9) and enter the top spin (4), thus completing the entire working cycle.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510956962.9ACN105482847B (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | A kind of it is used in catalytic cracking regenerator the device carrying out pre-stripping and quickly being sloughed by the oil gas of catalyst surface |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510956962.9ACN105482847B (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | A kind of it is used in catalytic cracking regenerator the device carrying out pre-stripping and quickly being sloughed by the oil gas of catalyst surface |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105482847Atrue CN105482847A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| CN105482847B CN105482847B (en) | 2016-12-21 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510956962.9AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105482847B (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | A kind of it is used in catalytic cracking regenerator the device carrying out pre-stripping and quickly being sloughed by the oil gas of catalyst surface |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105482847B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4482451A (en)* | 1982-09-16 | 1984-11-13 | Uop Inc. | Process for the separation of particulate solids from vapors using a discharge having a helical twist |
| US5158669A (en)* | 1990-11-15 | 1992-10-27 | Uop | Disengager stripper |
| US5314611A (en)* | 1990-11-15 | 1994-05-24 | Uop | External integrated disengager stripper and its use in fluidized catalytic cracking process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4482451A (en)* | 1982-09-16 | 1984-11-13 | Uop Inc. | Process for the separation of particulate solids from vapors using a discharge having a helical twist |
| US5158669A (en)* | 1990-11-15 | 1992-10-27 | Uop | Disengager stripper |
| US5314611A (en)* | 1990-11-15 | 1994-05-24 | Uop | External integrated disengager stripper and its use in fluidized catalytic cracking process |
| US5320744A (en)* | 1992-12-14 | 1994-06-14 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Positive evacuation of FCCU reactor dilute phase volume |
| CN1168301A (en)* | 1996-03-22 | 1997-12-24 | 中国石油化工总公司 | Cyclone gas-solid quick separator |
| CN200954466Y (en)* | 2006-09-06 | 2007-10-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Guide vane cyclone tube with slot structure |
| CN203379715U (en)* | 2013-07-09 | 2014-01-08 | 刘英聚 | Coaxial anti-coking gas-solid separation equipment |
| CN203417669U (en)* | 2013-08-06 | 2014-02-05 | 刘英聚 | Improved rough-cut cyclone and anti-coking reaction precipitator |
| CN104388112A (en)* | 2014-09-22 | 2015-03-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Two-stage riser fluid catalytic cracking anti-coking settler |
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105482847B (en) | 2016-12-21 |
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