技术领域technical field
本发明涉及微功率无线网络技术领域，具体地，涉及一种微功率无线网络自组网方法和微功率无线网络。The present invention relates to the technical field of micro-power wireless networks, in particular to a micro-power wireless network ad hoc networking method and a micro-power wireless network.
背景技术Background technique
随着低压电网建设的壮大，独立电能表数量增加，传统的人工抄表方式，耗费大量的人力，准确性和实时性也得不到保障，现场使用数量较大的电力线载波通讯抄表方式，也因受到噪声干扰和线路质量不佳等情况，通信的可靠性也面临巨大的挑战。通过微功率无线通信技术进行抄表，为低压集抄提供了一种更好的解决办法，但点对点、点对多点的微功率无线的路由、组网方式，效率低下，可靠性差等情况，需要基于自动跳频机制的微功率无线自组网方法，跳频是最常用的扩频方式之一，系统将整个频段分成若干个子频段，不同的通信链路采用不同的子频段进行通信，从而用来满足高效的组网效率及频谱资源共享的抄表需求，也能有效地防止同一通信网间的干扰。With the expansion of the low-voltage power grid construction, the number of independent electric energy meters has increased. The traditional manual meter reading method consumes a lot of manpower, and the accuracy and real-time performance cannot be guaranteed. A large number of power line carrier communication meter reading methods are used on site. Due to noise interference and poor line quality, the reliability of communication is also facing huge challenges. Meter reading through micro-power wireless communication technology provides a better solution for low-voltage centralized reading, but point-to-point and point-to-multipoint micro-power wireless routing and networking methods have low efficiency and poor reliability. A micro-power wireless ad hoc network method based on an automatic frequency hopping mechanism is required. Frequency hopping is one of the most commonly used spread spectrum methods. The system divides the entire frequency band into several sub-frequency bands, and different communication links use different sub-frequency bands for communication. It is used to meet the meter reading requirements of efficient networking efficiency and spectrum resource sharing, and can also effectively prevent interference between the same communication network.
现有的微功率无线自组网方法，组网效率低，造成了频谱资源浪费，会干扰其它设备的正常运行，组网技术不成熟，缺乏链路控制机制，对异常节点的入网请求，不能做到很好的控制，会对整个网络的组网带来干扰。The existing micro-power wireless ad-hoc networking method has low networking efficiency, resulting in a waste of spectrum resources, which will interfere with the normal operation of other devices, immature networking technology, lack of link control mechanism, and network access requests for abnormal nodes. Achieving good control will bring interference to the networking of the entire network.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明是为了克服现有技术中微功率无线自组网方法组网效率低的缺陷，根据本发明的一个方面，提出一种微功率无线网络自组网方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect of low networking efficiency of the micro-power wireless ad hoc network method in the prior art. According to one aspect of the present invention, a micro-power wireless network ad hoc network method is proposed.
本发明实施例提供的一种微功率无线网络自组网方法，包括：主节点在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令，在私有信道组与子节点进行数据交互，同时通知不同层级的子节点分组转发广播组网命令；主节点收到集中器发送的组网信标后，获取节点标识、主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本，同时进行信道扫描，场强收集；在预定时间内，主节点等待子节点上报数据，收集并存储所有子节点的拓扑数据，根据集中器的配置要求，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，动态进行组网；拓扑数据包括所有子节点的标识、中心节点至子节点的时间成本、场强信息；主节点对预设的编号进行扫描，判断编号是否存在冲突，当编号有冲突，主节点随机生成一个编号，再判断编号是否冲突；当编号没有冲突时，组网成功。An ad hoc networking method for a micro-power wireless network provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: the master node initiates a broadcast networking command hop by hop in the public channel group, performs data interaction with the sub-nodes in the private channel group, and simultaneously notifies sub-nodes of different levels Nodes forward broadcast networking commands in groups; after the master node receives the networking beacon sent by the concentrator, it obtains the node ID, the time cost for the master node to transmit messages to its sub-nodes in the 1-hop range, and simultaneously performs channel scanning and field strength collection; Within the predetermined time, the master node waits for the sub-nodes to report data, collects and stores the topology data of all sub-nodes, calculates and stores the time cost according to the configuration requirements of the concentrator and combines the field strength information, and dynamically forms a network; the topology data includes all The identity of the child node, the time cost from the central node to the child node, and field strength information; the master node scans the preset number to determine whether there is a conflict in the number. When there is a conflict in the number, the master node randomly generates a number, and then judges whether the number is Conflict; when there is no conflict in the numbers, the networking is successful.
在上述技术方案中，在主节点在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令步骤之前，还包括：初始化主节点；初始化主节点包括：对主节点分配地址、网络编号及多个信道进行初始化。In the above technical solution, before the master node initiates the step of broadcasting networking commands hop by hop in the public channel group, it also includes: initializing the master node; initializing the master node includes: initializing the address assigned by the master node, the network number and multiple channels.
在上述技术方案中，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，包括：按照主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本的大小，对同级子节点的拓扑数据进行排序，并存储数据；存储的数据为节点标识、主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本，以及节点标识与主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本的对应关系。In the above technical solution, the time cost is calculated and stored in combination with the field strength information, including: sorting the topological data of the child nodes at the same level according to the time cost of the master node delivering messages to its child nodes in the 1-hop range, and storing Data: The stored data is the node ID, the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to the child node, and the corresponding relationship between the node ID and the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to the child node.
在上述技术方案中，该方法还包括：子节点入网步骤，子节点入网步骤包括：待入网子节点提交入网申请，申请入网的子节点携带有拓扑信息；上一级节点将子节点的入网请求转发给主节点；在接收主节点发送的入网确认信息后，获取主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本及叶节点所在的层级；判断是否允许待入网子节点入网；在允许待入网子节点入网时，为待入网子节点分配网络地址，并返回同意入网信息。In the above technical solution, the method also includes: a sub-node network access step, the sub-node network access step includes: the sub-node waiting to enter the network submits a network access application, the sub-node applying for network access carries topology information; the upper-level node sends the sub-node's network access request Forward to the master node; after receiving the network access confirmation information sent by the master node, obtain the time cost of the master node sending the message to the child node and the level of the leaf node; determine whether to allow the child node to enter the network; after allowing the child node to enter the network , assign a network address to the child node to be connected to the network, and return the information of agreeing to network connection.
在上述技术方案中，子节点入网步骤还包括：当子节点无法接收网络数据时，子节点在多个接收信道中一次循环切换信道；当节点切换到一个接收信道时，启动定时器，如果在一个时间段内未检测到信号存在，则切换至下一个接收信道；如果在一个时间段内能够检测到有信号的存在，则将定时器增加一个固定的时间。In the above technical solution, the sub-node network access step also includes: when the sub-node cannot receive network data, the sub-node switches channels in a plurality of receiving channels at a time; when the node switches to a receiving channel, start the timer, if If no signal is detected within a period of time, switch to the next receiving channel; if the presence of a signal can be detected within a period of time, the timer is increased by a fixed time.
在上述技术方案中，公共信道与私有信道具有多个频点，且各自形成信道组；当需要进行通信时，各组中选择信噪比较高的频点作为优先工作频点。In the above technical solution, the public channel and the private channel have multiple frequency points, and each forms a channel group; when communication is required, a frequency point with a higher signal-to-noise ratio is selected as a priority operating frequency point in each group.
本发明是为了克服现有技术中微功率无线组网效率低的缺陷，根据本发明的一个方面，提出一种微功率无线网络。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect of low efficiency of micro-power wireless networking in the prior art, and according to one aspect of the present invention, a micro-power wireless network is proposed.
本发明实施例提供的一种微功率无线网络，包括：主节点和子节点；A micro-power wireless network provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a master node and a sub-node;
主节点用于在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令，在私有信道组与子节点进行数据交互，同时通知不同层级的子节点分组转发广播组网命令；The master node is used to initiate broadcast networking commands hop by hop in the public channel group, perform data interaction with sub-nodes in the private channel group, and notify sub-nodes at different levels to forward broadcast networking commands in groups;
主节点收到集中器发送的组网信标后，获取节点标识、主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本，同时进行信道扫描，场强收集；After the master node receives the networking beacon sent by the concentrator, it obtains the node ID, the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to its sub-nodes in the 1-hop range, and simultaneously performs channel scanning and field strength collection;
在预定时间内，主节点等待子节点上报数据，收集并存储所有子节点的拓扑数据，根据集中器的配置要求，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，动态进行组网；拓扑数据包括所有子节点的标识、中心节点至子节点的时间成本、场强信息；Within the predetermined time, the master node waits for the sub-nodes to report data, collects and stores the topology data of all sub-nodes, calculates and stores the time cost according to the configuration requirements of the concentrator and combines the field strength information, and dynamically forms a network; the topology data includes all Sub-node identification, time cost from central node to sub-node, and field strength information;
主节点对预设的编号进行扫描，判断编号是否存在冲突，当编号有冲突，主节点随机生成一个编号，再判断编号是否冲突；当编号没有冲突时，组网成功；The master node scans the preset number to determine whether there is a conflict in the number. When there is a conflict in the number, the master node randomly generates a number and then judges whether the number conflicts; when there is no conflict in the number, the networking is successful;
子节点用于转发广播组网命令，并在预设时间内将拓扑数据上报至主节点。Subnodes are used to forward broadcast networking commands and report topology data to the master node within a preset time.
在上述技术方案中，主节点在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令步骤之前还执行初始化主节点步骤；初始化主节点包括：对主节点分配地址、网络编号及多个信道进行初始化。In the above technical solution, the master node also executes the step of initializing the master node before the common channel group initiates the broadcast networking command step by hop; the initialization of the master node includes: initializing the address assigned by the master node, the network number and multiple channels.
在上述技术方案中，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，包括：按照主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本的大小，对同级子节点的拓扑数据进行排序，并存储数据；存储的数据为节点标识、主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本，以及节点标识与主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本的对应关系。In the above technical solution, the time cost is calculated and stored in combination with the field strength information, including: sorting the topological data of the child nodes at the same level according to the time cost of the master node delivering messages to its child nodes in the 1-hop range, and storing Data: The stored data is the node ID, the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to the child node, and the corresponding relationship between the node ID and the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to the child node.
在上述技术方案中，当子节点为待入网子节点时，子节点还用于：待入网子节点提交入网申请，申请入网的子节点携带有拓扑信息；在上一级节点将子节点的入网请求转发给主节点之后，接收主节点发送的入网确认信息，并获取主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本及叶节点所在的层级；判断是否允许待入网子节点入网；在允许待入网子节点入网时，为待入网子节点分配网络地址，并返回同意入网信息。In the above technical solution, when the sub-node is a sub-node to be connected to the network, the sub-node is also used for: the sub-node to be connected to the network submits a network access application, and the sub-node applying for network access carries topology information; After the request is forwarded to the master node, receive the network access confirmation information sent by the master node, and obtain the time cost for the master node to send the message to the child node and the level of the leaf node; determine whether to allow the child node to enter the network; When entering the network, assign a network address to the child node to be connected to the network, and return the information of agreeing to enter the network.
在上述技术方案中，子节点还用于：当子节点无法接收网络数据时，子节点在多个接收信道中一次循环切换信道；当节点切换到一个接收信道时，启动定时器，如果在一个时间段内未检测到信号存在，则切换至下一个接收信道；如果在一个时间段内能够检测到有信号的存在，则将定时器增加一个固定的时间。In the above technical solution, the sub-node is also used for: when the sub-node cannot receive network data, the sub-node switches channels in multiple receiving channels once; when the node switches to a receiving channel, start the timer, if in a If the signal is not detected within the time period, then switch to the next receiving channel; if the presence of the signal can be detected within a time period, the timer is increased by a fixed time.
在上述技术方案中，公共信道与私有信道具有多个频点，且各自形成信道组；当需要进行通信时，各组中选择信噪比较高的频点作为优先工作频点。In the above technical solution, the public channel and the private channel have multiple frequency points, and each forms a channel group; when communication is required, a frequency point with a higher signal-to-noise ratio is selected as a priority operating frequency point in each group.
本发明实施例提供的一种微功率无线网络自组网方法和微功率无线网络，通过自动切换信道扫描，场强收集，获取到达各子节点的时间成本，通过多方面的数据进行收集计算，来综合考虑实现快速自组网，很大程度上提高组网的效率，能够节约组网时间，提高网络通信的稳定性。An ad hoc network method for a micro-power wireless network and a micro-power wireless network provided by an embodiment of the present invention, through automatic channel switching and field strength collection, the time cost of reaching each sub-node is obtained, and various data are collected and calculated. To comprehensively consider the realization of fast self-organizing network, which can greatly improve the efficiency of networking, save networking time, and improve the stability of network communication.
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书、以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1为本发明实施例中微功率无线网络自组网的方法流程图；FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for an ad hoc network of a micropower wireless network in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中微功率无线网络子节点入网流程图；Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the sub-node network access of the micro-power wireless network in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中微功率无线网络子节点申请入网的交互流程图；FIG. 3 is an interactive flow chart of applying for network access by a subnode of a micropower wireless network in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例中微功率无线网络的拓扑结构图。Fig. 4 is a topological structure diagram of a micropower wireless network in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.
本发明实施例中所提供的微功率无线网络自组网系统，是一种自组织的MESH(无线网格网络)网络结构特征的无线网络系统，用于组建可自动采集电力自动化系统中的电表信息的网络。由集中器、数据采集设备、无线网络系统等组成；其中，数据采集设备负责信息采集，集中器负责收集数据采集设备的数据，无线网络系统由主节点和子节点组成。主节点是整个网络的中心，它负责建立、维护和管理网络；子节点主动搜索网络加入。无线网络系统负责对集中器或者数据采集设备的数据的透明传输。一般情况下，主节点位于集中器中，子节点位于数据采集设备中。The micro-power wireless network ad hoc network system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a wireless network system with self-organized MESH (wireless mesh network) network structure characteristics, and is used to set up electric meters that can automatically collect electric power automation systems information network. It is composed of a concentrator, data acquisition equipment, wireless network system, etc. Among them, the data acquisition equipment is responsible for information collection, the concentrator is responsible for collecting the data of the data acquisition equipment, and the wireless network system is composed of master nodes and sub-nodes. The master node is the center of the entire network, which is responsible for establishing, maintaining and managing the network; the child nodes actively search for the network to join. The wireless network system is responsible for the transparent transmission of data from the concentrator or data acquisition equipment. Generally, the master node is located in the concentrator, and the sub-node is located in the data acquisition device.
根据本发明实施例，提供了一种微功率无线网络自组网方法，图1为该方法的流程图，具体包括：According to an embodiment of the present invention, a micropower wireless network ad hoc network method is provided, and FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method, which specifically includes:
步骤101：主节点在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令，在私有信道组与子节点进行数据交互，同时通知不同层级的子节点分组转发广播组网命令。Step 101: The master node initiates broadcast networking commands hop by hop in the public channel group, performs data interaction with sub-nodes in the private channel group, and notifies sub-nodes at different levels to forward the broadcast networking commands in groups.
其中，在步骤101之前还包括初始化主节点的步骤，且该步骤在集中器上电之后。初始化主节点具体包括：对主节点分配地址、网络编号及多个信道进行初始化。Wherein, the step of initializing the master node is also included before step 101, and this step is after the concentrator is powered on. Initializing the master node specifically includes: initializing the address assigned to the master node, the network number and multiple channels.
具体的，主节点通过多次发送不同层级的广播组网命令帧，对整个网络的子节点进行遍历，对于已经入网的节点，只转发一次组网命令。Specifically, the master node traverses the subnodes of the entire network by sending broadcast networking command frames of different levels multiple times, and forwards the networking command only once for nodes that have already joined the network.
步骤102：主节点收到集中器发送的组网信标后，获取节点标识、主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本，同时进行信道扫描，场强收集。Step 102: After the master node receives the networking beacon sent by the concentrator, it obtains the node ID and the time cost for the master node to transmit a message to its child nodes within a 1-hop range, and at the same time performs channel scanning and field strength collection.
步骤103：在预定时间内，主节点等待子节点上报数据，收集并存储所有子节点的拓扑数据，根据集中器的配置要求，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，动态进行组网；拓扑数据包括所有子节点的标识、中心节点至子节点的时间成本、场强信息。Step 103: within the predetermined time, the master node waits for the sub-nodes to report data, collects and stores the topology data of all sub-nodes, calculates and stores the time cost according to the configuration requirements of the concentrator and combines the field strength information, and dynamically forms the network; topology The data includes the identification of all sub-nodes, the time cost from the central node to the sub-nodes, and field strength information.
时间成本为主节点到直接下级子节点的时间开销，信道扫描为扫描指定的信道组，选择干扰较少的信道，场强收集为从有效的信号帧中，提取场强信息并进行存储。The time cost is the time cost from the master node to the directly subordinate child nodes. Channel scanning is to scan the specified channel group and select a channel with less interference. Field strength collection is to extract and store field strength information from effective signal frames.
其中，步骤103中的结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，包括：按照主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本的大小，对同级子节点的拓扑数据进行排序，并存储数据；存储的数据为节点标识、主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本，以及节点标识与主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本的对应关系。Wherein, in step 103, combining the field strength information to calculate and store the time cost includes: sorting the topology data of the child nodes at the same level according to the size of the time cost for the master node to deliver a message to its child nodes in the 1-hop range, and storing Data: The stored data is the node ID, the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to the child node, and the corresponding relationship between the node ID and the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to the child node.
步骤104：主节点对预设的编号进行扫描，判断编号是否存在冲突，当编号有冲突，继续步骤105；否则继续步骤106。Step 104: The master node scans the preset numbers to determine whether there is a conflict in the numbers. If there is a conflict in the numbers, proceed to step 105; otherwise, proceed to step 106.
步骤105：主节点随机生成一个编号，再继续步骤104。Step 105: The master node randomly generates a number, and then proceeds to step 104.
步骤106：组网成功。Step 106: the networking is successful.
其中，公共信道与私有信道具有多个频点，且各自形成信道组；当需要进行通信时，各组中选择信噪比较高的频点作为优先工作频点。Among them, the public channel and the private channel have multiple frequency points, and each forms a channel group; when communication is required, the frequency point with a higher signal-to-noise ratio is selected as the priority operating frequency point in each group.
具体的，网络中的信道被分配成s组，其中每一组又分为n个信道，主节点获取到其中一组中的n个信道使用。自动组网时，从n个信道中选择2个或以上信道及允许入网信息发送给子节点，子节点收到信息后，进行组网，并设置接收信道为多个信道。其中，s>n，n≥2，且n为2的整数倍。Specifically, the channels in the network are allocated into s groups, and each group is further divided into n channels, and the master node obtains and uses the n channels in one group. During automatic networking, select 2 or more channels from n channels and send the network access information to the sub-nodes. After receiving the information, the sub-nodes will start networking and set the receiving channel to multiple channels. Wherein, s>n, n≥2, and n is an integer multiple of 2.
优选的，该方法还包括子节点入网步骤，该子节点入网步骤包括：Preferably, the method also includes a sub-node network access step, and the sub-node network access step includes:
步骤A1、待入网子节点提交入网申请，申请入网的子节点携带有拓扑信息；Step A1. The child node to be networked submits a network access application, and the child node applying for network access carries topology information;
步骤A2、上一级节点将子节点的入网请求转发给主节点；Step A2, the upper-level node forwards the network access request of the child node to the master node;
步骤A3、在接收主节点发送的入网确认信息后，获取主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本及叶节点所在的层级；Step A3, after receiving the network access confirmation information sent by the master node, obtain the time cost for the master node to send the message to the child node and the level of the leaf node;
步骤A4、判断是否允许待入网子节点入网；在允许待入网子节点入网时，为待入网子节点分配网络地址，并返回同意入网信息。如不允许，则丢弃该申请信息，并返回拒绝入网信息。Step A4, judging whether to allow the sub-node to be connected to the network; when allowing the sub-node to be connected to the network, assign a network address to the sub-node to be connected to the network, and return the network access approval information. If not allowed, the application information is discarded, and the network access rejection information is returned.
此外，当子节点无法接收网络数据时，子节点在多个接收信道中一次循环切换信道；当节点切换到一个接收信道时，启动定时器，如果在一个时间段内未检测到信号存在，则切换至下一个接收信道；如果在一个时间段内能够检测到有信号的存在，则将定时器增加一个固定的时间。In addition, when the sub-node cannot receive network data, the sub-node switches channels in multiple receiving channels at a time; when the node switches to a receiving channel, start the timer, if no signal is detected within a period of time, then Switch to the next receiving channel; if the presence of a signal can be detected within a period of time, the timer is increased by a fixed time.
由于在信道中检测信号会浪费一定的时间，而检测到信号表示有数据需要处理，为了能有时间在该信道处理数据，因此需要将定时器增加一个固定的时间。Since detecting a signal in a channel will waste a certain amount of time, and detecting a signal indicates that there is data to be processed, in order to have time to process data in this channel, it is necessary to increase the timer by a fixed time.
优选的，在自组网过程中，相邻节点之间通信的具体步骤包括：Preferably, in the process of ad hoc networking, the specific steps of communication between adjacent nodes include:
步骤B1、查询源节点是否与目的节点有成功通信信道的记录，如有记录，则继续步骤B2，否则继续步骤B3；Step B1, check whether the source node has a record of successful communication channel with the destination node, if there is a record, then continue to step B2, otherwise continue to step B3;
步骤B2、源节点跳转到记录的信道与目的节点进行通信；Step B2, the source node jumps to the recorded channel to communicate with the destination node;
步骤B3、源节点跳转到目的节点的一个接收信道，然后向目的节点发送数据包，同时启动定时器，在当前信道等待确认包；Step B3, the source node jumps to a receiving channel of the destination node, then sends a data packet to the destination node, starts a timer at the same time, and waits for an acknowledgment packet on the current channel;
步骤B4、如果收到确认包，则本次通信成功，源节点切换回自己的接收信道，并记录好本次源节点与目的节点通信信道的对应关系；Step B4, if the confirmation packet is received, the communication is successful, the source node switches back to its own receiving channel, and records the corresponding relationship between the source node and the destination node communication channel;
步骤B5、如果未收到确认包，则源节点跳转到目的节点的未尝试通信过的信道，重新进行试着通信，如果所有信道都已经多次尝试通信过，则本次通信失败，源节点切换回自己的接收信道。Step B5. If the confirmation packet is not received, the source node jumps to the channel of the destination node that has not tried to communicate, and tries to communicate again. If all channels have tried to communicate for many times, the communication fails this time, and the source node The node switches back to its own receive channel.
具体的，该组网方法的路径选择机制是，当已入网的主节点或子节点收到信标请求之后，回复一个包含有路由成本的信标，路由成本的计算要考虑RSSI(ReceivedSignalStrengthIndication，接收的信号强度指示)值，根据通信有效的RSSI值的范围及门限值，计算出路由成本，节点之间通讯的路数越多，他们之间的路由成本就越大，即为每跳之间的路由成本之和。子节点在计算完与各上级节点之间的路由成本之后，根据最小路由成本的原则，选取节点作为该节点的上级节点。Specifically, the path selection mechanism of this networking method is that after the master node or sub-node that has entered the network receives a beacon request, it replies with a beacon that includes routing costs. The calculation of routing costs should consider RSSI (ReceivedSignalStrengthIndication, received The signal strength indicator) value, according to the range and threshold value of the effective RSSI value of the communication, calculate the routing cost, the more the number of communication channels between nodes, the greater the routing cost between them, that is, the distance between each hop The sum of the routing costs between them. After the child node calculates the routing cost with each upper-level node, according to the principle of the minimum routing cost, select the node as the node's upper-level node.
本发明实施例提供的一种微功率无线网络自组网方法，通过自动切换信道扫描，场强收集，获取到达各子节点的时间成本，通过多方面的数据进行收集计算，来综合考虑实现快速自组网，很大程度上提高组网的效率，能够节约组网时间，提高网络通信的稳定性。A micro-power wireless network ad hoc network method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, through automatic switching channel scanning, field strength collection, obtains the time cost of reaching each sub-node, and collects and calculates data from various aspects to comprehensively consider and realize fast Self-organizing network greatly improves the efficiency of networking, saves networking time and improves the stability of network communication.
下面详细介绍该微功率无线网络自组网方法的过程。The process of the micro-power wireless network ad hoc networking method will be described in detail below.
集中器工作之后，发送网络组网的信标，在该工作之前，应先配置好主节点的物理地址，配置待入网的数据采集设备的物理地址，然后开始创建网络。主节点接到创建网络命令后，通过信道能量扫描，在候选的多个信道中选择干扰小的n个信道。之后，主节点进行主动扫描，判断预设的网络编号是否存在冲突，如果有冲突，则主节点随机生成一个网络编号，再进行判断；若没有冲突，则建网成功。After the concentrator works, it sends a beacon for network networking. Before this work, the physical address of the master node should be configured first, and the physical address of the data acquisition device to be connected to the network should be configured, and then the network should be created. After receiving the network creation command, the master node selects n channels with less interference among multiple candidate channels through channel energy scanning. After that, the master node conducts an active scan to determine whether there is a conflict with the preset network number. If there is a conflict, the master node randomly generates a network number and then judges; if there is no conflict, the network is successfully built.
对于现场存在集中器相互之间的距离较近的情况，可能会出现同频干扰的情况，当需要创建网络时，应该选用不同的信道组，数据采集设备与集中器相互协调工作，一同完成网络的组建工作。For the situation where the concentrators are close to each other on site, co-channel interference may occur. When it is necessary to create a network, different channel groups should be selected, and the data acquisition equipment and the concentrators will coordinate with each other to complete the network together. formation work.
集中器发出组网信标，组网信标先发送至其1跳范围内的子节点，接收到该信标的子节点，还需要对信息进行继续转发，使MESH网络所有的子节点都能接收到信息，同时还可接收相邻节点的场强信息，场强信息包括子节点的ID、地址和信号强度等相关信息，之后通过多跳的方式将相关信息反馈给集中器和主节点。The concentrator sends out a network beacon, and the network beacon is first sent to its child nodes within 1 hop. After receiving the beacon, the child nodes need to continue to forward the information so that all child nodes in the MESH network can receive it. At the same time, it can also receive the field strength information of the adjacent nodes. The field strength information includes the ID, address and signal strength of the child nodes and other related information, and then feeds back the relevant information to the concentrator and the master node through multi-hop.
集中器发送组网信标之后，在时隙内，会发送场强收集指令，进行场强信息的收集，该场强信息的指令可通过自动跳频的方式在各层级的子节点中进行转发，当数据采集设备以及子节点接收到指令后，会将场强信息通过无线子节点模块转发给集中器，集中器接收到信息之后，建立相应的场强信息数据库。在组网过程中，需要对该数据库的场强信息进行分析，计算出较好的通信路径。After the concentrator sends the networking beacon, within the time slot, it will send field strength collection instructions to collect field strength information. The field strength information instructions can be forwarded among the sub-nodes at each level by automatic frequency hopping , when the data acquisition device and sub-nodes receive the instructions, they will forward the field strength information to the concentrator through the wireless sub-node module, and the concentrator will establish a corresponding field strength information database after receiving the information. In the networking process, it is necessary to analyze the field strength information of the database and calculate a better communication path.
数据采集设备上电之后，搜索已经入网的子节点或者主节点，同时得先确定好子节点的固定地址，进行信道扫描，即在设定的多个信道组的多个信道中分别发送信标请求，已入网子节点或者主节点，收到信标请求之后，对信标进行回复，通知待入网的子节点自己的入网状态，待入网的子节点收集在各个信道上收到的信标。当所有信道都已经扫描过，则扫描结束，以已入网节点为基础，计算待入网的子节点经过各已入网的节点到达主节点的路径的组网路径，选择组网路径最小的节点作为自己的父节点，请求入网，申请加入网络。被选择作为上级的从节点收到入网请求之后，将待入网的子节点的固定地址发送给主节点。主节点收到待入网的子节点的信息后，如果验证通过，则记录该点的信息，分配一个入网地址并返回同意入网信息；否则，则不记录该信息，返回拒绝入网信息。待入网的子节点收到主节点的信息后，如果是同意入网，则成功加入网络，开始正常工作；如果不同意入网，则重新开始入网流程，直到加入网络。其中，子节点入网的流程以及申请入网的交互流程具体参见图2和图3所示。After the data acquisition device is powered on, it searches for the sub-nodes or master nodes that have already entered the network. At the same time, it must first determine the fixed address of the sub-nodes and perform channel scanning, that is, send beacons in multiple channels of the set multiple channel groups. Request, after receiving the beacon request, the sub-node or master node that has entered the network will reply to the beacon and notify the sub-nodes to be connected to the network of their own network status, and the sub-nodes to be connected to the network will collect the beacons received on each channel. When all the channels have been scanned, the scan ends. Based on the nodes that have already joined the network, calculate the network path of the child node to be connected to the network through each node that has already entered the network to reach the master node, and select the node with the smallest network path as its own The parent node of , requests to join the network, and applies to join the network. After the slave node selected as the upper level receives the network access request, it sends the fixed address of the child node to be networked to the master node. After the master node receives the information of the child node to be connected to the network, if the verification is passed, it will record the information of this point, assign a network connection address and return the network connection approval information; otherwise, it will not record the information and return the network connection rejection information. After receiving the information from the master node, the child node waiting to join the network, if it agrees to join the network, it will successfully join the network and start working normally; if it does not agree to join the network, it will restart the network joining process until it joins the network. Wherein, the process of sub-node network access and the interactive process of applying for network access are shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 for details.
节点进行组网时，导致无法接收到网络数据的情况下，子节点在多个接收信道中，依次切换各个信道接收信号，如果为最后一个信道，则切换至第一个信道，循环切换，当节点切换到一个接收信道时，启动定时器，如果在一个时间段内，节点能够检测到有信号存在，则定时器将增加一个固定的时间，如果未检测到信号存在，则切换至下一个接收信道。When the node is networking, if the network data cannot be received, the child node will switch each channel to receive signals in sequence among multiple receiving channels. If it is the last channel, it will switch to the first channel and switch cyclically. When the node switches to a receiving channel, start the timer. If the node can detect the presence of a signal within a period of time, the timer will increase a fixed time. If the signal is not detected, it will switch to the next receiving channel. channel.
在有未入网节点的情况下，或有新的数据采集节点需要加入，这些节点需要主动申请入网，在各个频道组发起入网请求，同时在私有信道接收信息，扫描接收应答，如有应答，则记录应答节点的场强信息，当应答时隙完毕，将所有接收到的场强信息进行计算及排序，选择一条最优路径，上报主节点设定路由。如未收到应答信息，则依次切换各个频道发送入网请求，直到所有频道发送完成为止。In the case of nodes that have not joined the network, or new data acquisition nodes need to join, these nodes need to actively apply for network access, initiate network access requests in each channel group, and at the same time receive information in private channels, scan and receive responses, and if there is a response, then Record the field strength information of the response node. When the response time slot is over, calculate and sort all the received field strength information, select an optimal path, and report to the master node to set the route. If no response information is received, each channel is switched in turn to send network access requests until all channels are sent.
当主节点连续没有收到子节点应答，通信中断的情况下，需要对路径进行修复。主节点广播查找子节点，子节点收到节点广播之后，对信息进行判断，如为本节点，则对主节点做出一个应答，否则通过数据包中的路由成本以及场强信息值值，计算出自己到主节点的路由成本，等待一个时间段。在等待时间内，如果子节点收到新的节点查找广播，仍然计算其路由成本，与现有路由成本进行比较，如果比现有成本大，则丢弃数据包，如果小于现有路由成本，则用新的数据包替换旧的数据包。When the master node does not receive a response from the child node continuously and the communication is interrupted, the path needs to be repaired. The master node broadcasts to find child nodes. After the child node receives the node broadcast, it judges the information. If it is the own node, it makes a response to the master node. Otherwise, it calculates Pay out the routing cost from yourself to the master node, and wait for a period of time. During the waiting time, if the child node receives a new node search broadcast, it still calculates its routing cost and compares it with the existing routing cost. If it is greater than the existing cost, the packet is discarded. If it is less than the existing routing cost, then Replace old packets with new ones.
以上详细介绍了该微功率无线网络自组网方法的方法流程，该方法也可以通过相应的装置实现，下面详细介绍该装置的结构和功能。The method flow of the micro-power wireless network ad hoc network method has been introduced in detail above, and the method can also be realized by a corresponding device. The structure and function of the device will be described in detail below.
本发明实施例提供的一种微功率无线网络，参见图4所示，包括：主节点和子节点。A micro-power wireless network provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4 , includes: a master node and a sub-node.
具体的，主节点用于在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令，在私有信道组与子节点进行数据交互，同时通知不同层级的子节点分组转发广播组网命令；主节点收到集中器发送的组网信标后，获取节点标识、主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本，同时进行信道扫描，场强收集；在预定时间内，主节点等待子节点上报数据，收集并存储所有子节点的拓扑数据，根据集中器的配置要求，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，动态进行组网；拓扑数据包括所有子节点的标识、中心节点至子节点的时间成本、场强信息；主节点对预设的编号进行扫描，判断编号是否存在冲突，当编号有冲突，主节点随机生成一个编号，再判断编号是否冲突；当编号没有冲突时，组网成功。Specifically, the master node is used to initiate a broadcast networking command hop by hop in the public channel group, perform data interaction with the child nodes in the private channel group, and notify the child nodes of different levels to forward the broadcast network command in groups; the master node receives the concentrator After sending the networking beacon, obtain the node identity, the time cost for the master node to transmit the message to its sub-nodes in the 1-hop range, and perform channel scanning and field strength collection at the same time; within the predetermined time, the master node waits for the sub-nodes to report data and collect And store the topological data of all sub-nodes, according to the configuration requirements of the concentrator, combined with the field strength information, calculate and store the time cost, and dynamically network; the topology data includes the identification of all sub-nodes, the time cost from the central node to the sub-node, Field strength information; the master node scans the preset number to determine whether there is a conflict in the number. When there is a conflict in the number, the master node randomly generates a number and then judges whether the number conflicts; when there is no conflict in the number, the networking is successful.
子节点用于转发广播组网命令，并在预设时间内将拓扑数据上报至主节点。Subnodes are used to forward broadcast networking commands and report topology data to the master node within a preset time.
优选的，主节点在公共信道组逐跳发起广播组网命令步骤之前还执行初始化主节点步骤；初始化主节点包括：对主节点分配地址、网络编号及多个信道进行初始化。Preferably, the master node also executes the step of initializing the master node before the common channel group initiates the broadcast networking command step by hop; initializing the master node includes: initializing the address assigned to the master node, the network number and multiple channels.
优选的，结合场强信息，计算并存储时间成本，包括：按照主节点传递消息到其1跳范围子节点的时间成本的大小，对同级子节点的拓扑数据进行排序，并存储数据；存储的数据为节点标识、主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本，以及节点标识与主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本的对应关系。Preferably, the time cost is calculated and stored in combination with the field strength information, including: sorting the topological data of the child nodes at the same level according to the size of the time cost for the master node to transmit a message to its child nodes in the 1-hop range, and storing the data; storing The data of is the node ID, the time cost for the master node to send the message to the child node, and the corresponding relationship between the node ID and the time cost for the master node to send the message to the child node.
优选的，当子节点为待入网子节点时，子节点还用于：待入网子节点提交入网申请，申请入网的子节点携带有拓扑信息；在上一级节点将子节点的入网请求转发给主节点之后，接收主节点发送的入网确认信息，并获取主节点传送消息到子节点的时间成本及叶节点所在的层级；判断是否允许待入网子节点入网；在允许待入网子节点入网时，为待入网子节点分配网络地址，并返回同意入网信息。Preferably, when the child node is a child node to be networked, the child node is also used for: the child node to be networked submits a network access application, and the child node applying for network access carries topology information; the upper level node forwards the network access request of the child node to After the master node, it receives the network access confirmation information sent by the master node, and obtains the time cost for the master node to send the message to the child node and the level of the leaf node; judges whether to allow the child node to enter the network; when allowing the child node to enter the network, Allocate a network address for the child node to be connected to the network, and return the information of agreeing to network connection.
优选的，子节点还用于：当子节点无法接收网络数据时，子节点在多个接收信道中一次循环切换信道；当节点切换到一个接收信道时，启动定时器，如果在一个时间段内未检测到信号存在，则切换至下一个接收信道；如果在一个时间段内能够检测到有信号的存在，则将定时器增加一个固定的时间。Preferably, the sub-node is also used for: when the sub-node cannot receive network data, the sub-node switches channels in a plurality of receiving channels at a time; when the node switches to a receiving channel, start the timer, if within a time period If the presence of the signal is not detected, then switch to the next receiving channel; if the presence of the signal can be detected within a period of time, the timer will be increased by a fixed time.
优选的，公共信道与私有信道具有多个频点，且各自形成信道组；当需要进行通信时，各组中选择信噪比较高的频点作为优先工作频点。Preferably, the public channel and the private channel have multiple frequency points, and each forms a channel group; when communication is required, a frequency point with a higher signal-to-noise ratio is selected as a priority operating frequency point in each group.
本发明实施例提供的一种微功率无线网络自组网方法和微功率无线网络，通过自动切换信道扫描，场强收集，获取到达各子节点的时间成本，通过多方面的数据进行收集计算，来综合考虑实现快速自组网，很大程度上提高组网的效率，能够节约组网时间，提高网络通信的稳定性。An ad hoc network method for a micro-power wireless network and a micro-power wireless network provided by an embodiment of the present invention, through automatic channel switching and field strength collection, the time cost of reaching each sub-node is obtained, and various data are collected and calculated. To comprehensively consider the realization of fast self-organizing network, which can greatly improve the efficiency of networking, save networking time, and improve the stability of network communication.
本发明能有多种不同形式的具体实施方式，上面以图1-图4为例结合附图对本发明的技术方案作举例说明，这并不意味着本发明所应用的具体实例只能局限在特定的流程或实施例结构中，本领域的普通技术人员应当了解，上文所提供的具体实施方案只是多种优选用法中的一些示例，任何体现本发明权利要求的实施方式均应在本发明技术方案所要求保护的范围之内。The present invention can have a variety of specific implementations in different forms. The technical solutions of the present invention are illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by taking Fig. 1-Fig. 4 as examples above. In the specific process or embodiment structure, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the specific implementations provided above are only some examples of various preferred usages, and any implementation that embodies the claims of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection required by the technical solution.
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410412537.9ACN105451290B (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2014-08-20 | A micropower wireless network ad hoc network method and micropower wireless network |
| PCT/CN2015/081860WO2016026347A1 (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2015-06-18 | Micropower wireless network self-networking method and micropower wireless network |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410412537.9ACN105451290B (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2014-08-20 | A micropower wireless network ad hoc network method and micropower wireless network |
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| CN105451290Atrue CN105451290A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| CN105451290B CN105451290B (en) | 2019-09-27 |
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| CN201410412537.9AActiveCN105451290B (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2014-08-20 | A micropower wireless network ad hoc network method and micropower wireless network |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105451290B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016026347A1 (en) |
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