技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种液压阀件，特别是涉及一种压力自适应的多通道均流阀。The invention relates to a hydraulic valve, in particular to a pressure-adaptive multi-channel equalizing valve.
背景技术Background technique
均流阀也称同步阀，用于多个液压执行器需要同步运动的场合，可使多个液压执行器在负载不均的情况下，仍能获得大致相同或成比例的流量，从而实现执行器的同步运动。当前，利用负载压力反馈原理来补偿因负载变化而引起流量变化的均流阀在液压工程领域应用日益广泛。随着工况越来越复杂，如负载压力差增大、流通流量频繁变化等，给用于速度同步系统的均流阀的设计带来了新的挑战。Flow equalizing valve, also called synchronous valve, is used in occasions where multiple hydraulic actuators need to move synchronously, so that multiple hydraulic actuators can still obtain roughly the same or proportional flow under the condition of uneven load, so as to realize the execution synchronous movement of the device. At present, flow equalizing valves, which use the principle of load pressure feedback to compensate for flow changes caused by load changes, are increasingly used in the field of hydraulic engineering. As the working conditions become more and more complex, such as the increase of load pressure difference and frequent changes of flow rate, etc., new challenges are brought to the design of flow equalizing valves used in speed synchronization systems.
常见的均流阀以二通均流阀居多。如换向活塞式分流阀，它依靠压力差将换向活塞分开处于分流工况。如挂钩式分流阀，分流时压力差将两挂钩阀芯推开，处于分流工况，此时分流变节流口是由挂钩阀芯的内棱边和阀套的外棱边组成。上面两种都属于固定式分流阀，即定节流口的面积是不可调的。其主要缺点在于阀的进口流量变化时，定节流孔前后的压差也随之变化，从而影响同步精度。Common flow equalizing valves are mostly two-way equalizing valves. Such as the reversing piston diverter valve, which relies on the pressure difference to separate the reversing piston in the diversion condition. For example, the hook type diverter valve, when diverting, the pressure difference pushes the two hook spools apart, and it is in the split flow condition. At this time, the diverter variable orifice is composed of the inner edge of the hook spool and the outer edge of the valve sleeve. Both of the above two types are fixed diverter valves, that is, the area of the fixed orifice is not adjustable. Its main disadvantage is that when the inlet flow of the valve changes, the pressure difference before and after the fixed orifice also changes, thus affecting the synchronization accuracy.
可调式分流阀是在挂钩式分流-集流阀的基础上，将定节流孔改为可调针形节流孔，通过调节此孔的面积，可使节流孔前后产生相同的压差。但是该阀适应能力较弱，不能自动适用于压力有突然变化的同步系统。The adjustable diverter valve is based on the hook-type diverter-collector valve, changing the fixed orifice into an adjustable needle-shaped orifice. By adjusting the area of this hole, the same pressure difference can be generated before and after the orifice. However, the valve has weak adaptability and cannot be automatically applied to synchronous systems with sudden changes in pressure.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构简单、成本低、操作简便的压力自适应的多通道均流阀，能够自动适用于压力有突然变化的同步系统。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pressure-adaptive multi-channel equalizing valve with simple structure, low cost and easy operation, which can be automatically applied to a synchronous system with sudden pressure changes.
本发明一种压力自适应的多通道均流阀，包括分流阀、减压阀和负载选择器，所述分流阀包括设置有分流阀进油口和至少两个分流阀口的分流阀体、以及可滑动地设置在分流阀体的内腔的柱塞，所述柱塞将所述分流阀体的内腔分隔为分流阀进油腔和分流阀反馈腔，所述分流阀进油口与所述分流阀进油腔连通，所述柱塞上具有节流装置，位于所述柱塞两侧的分流阀进油腔和分流阀反馈腔通过节流装置连通，所述柱塞能够通过所述节流装置形成的压差在分流阀体内滑动，每个所述分流阀口在所述柱塞滑动过程中彼此之间的通流面积始终保持一致；A pressure-adaptive multi-channel equalizing valve of the present invention comprises a diverter valve, a pressure reducing valve and a load selector, the diverter valve comprises a diverter valve body provided with an oil inlet port of the diverter valve and at least two diverter valve ports, And a plunger slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the diverter valve body, the plunger divides the inner cavity of the diverter valve body into a diverter valve oil inlet chamber and a diverter valve feedback chamber, and the diverter valve oil inlet is connected to the diverter valve body. The oil inlet cavity of the diverter valve is connected, and the plunger has a throttling device. The oil inlet chamber of the diverter valve and the feedback chamber of the diverter valve located on both sides of the plunger are communicated through the throttling device, and the plunger can pass through the throttling device. The pressure difference formed by the throttling device slides in the diverter valve body, and the flow area between each diverter valve port is always consistent during the sliding process of the plunger;
所述减压阀包括设置有减压阀出油口的减压阀体、以及可滑动地设置在减压阀体的内腔的活门，所述活门将所述减压阀体的内腔分隔为第一油腔和第二油腔，所述活门在所述减压阀体内滑动以使所述减压阀出油口逐渐打开或逐渐关闭与所述第一油腔的连通，所述活门两端的位于第一油腔内的油液作用面积与位于第二油腔内的油液作用面积相同；The pressure reducing valve includes a pressure reducing valve body provided with an oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve, and a valve slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the pressure reducing valve body, and the valve separates the inner cavity of the pressure reducing valve body It is the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber, the valve slides in the pressure reducing valve body so that the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve gradually opens or gradually closes the communication with the first oil chamber, the valve The oil acting area in the first oil chamber at both ends is the same as the oil acting area in the second oil chamber;
所述减压阀的数量与所述分流阀口的数量相同，每个所述第一油腔均与一个所述分流阀口连通，每个所述第二油腔均与所述分流阀反馈腔连通，所述负载选择器包括选择器阀体，所述选择器阀体的内腔与所述分流阀反馈腔连通。The number of the pressure reducing valves is the same as the number of the diverter valve ports, each of the first oil chambers communicates with one of the diverter valve ports, and each of the second oil chambers communicates with the diverter valve ports. The load selector includes a selector valve body, and the inner cavity of the selector valve body communicates with the feedback chamber of the diverter valve.
优选地，所述负载选择器还包括能够在所述选择器阀体的内腔中滑动的活塞体和泄油阀芯，所述活塞体的数量比所述减压阀的数量少一个，所述泄油阀芯将所述选择器阀体的内腔分隔为第三油腔和第四油腔，所有所述活塞体均位于所述第三油腔内，且活塞体将所述第三油腔分隔为多个第五油腔，所述第五油腔的数量与所述减压阀的数量相同，每个所述第五油腔均与一个所述减压阀的第一油腔连通，所述第四油腔与所述分流阀反馈腔连通，在所述选择器阀体上开设有泄油孔，所述泄油阀芯在所述选择器阀体内滑动，能够使所述泄油孔逐渐与所述第四油腔连通或关闭。Preferably, the load selector further includes a piston body and an oil drain valve core that can slide in the inner cavity of the selector valve body, the number of the piston body is one less than the number of the pressure reducing valve, so The drain spool divides the inner chamber of the selector valve body into a third oil chamber and a fourth oil chamber, all the piston bodies are located in the third oil chamber, and the piston bodies divide the third oil chamber The oil chamber is divided into a plurality of fifth oil chambers, the number of the fifth oil chambers is the same as the number of the pressure reducing valves, and each of the fifth oil chambers is connected to the first oil chamber of one of the pressure reducing valves. The fourth oil chamber communicates with the feedback chamber of the diverter valve, and an oil drain hole is opened on the selector valve body, and the oil drain spool slides in the selector valve body, enabling the The oil drain hole gradually communicates with or closes the fourth oil chamber.
优选地，所述分流阀体、所述减压阀体和所述选择器阀体为同一个阀体。Preferably, the diverter valve body, the decompression valve body and the selector valve body are the same valve body.
优选地，所述分流阀口、所述减压阀和所述第五油腔的数量均为4个。Preferably, the number of the diverter valve port, the pressure reducing valve and the fifth oil chamber is four.
优选地，每个所述分流阀口的形状和大小均相同，且围绕所述柱塞的轴线在同一圆周面上均布。Preferably, each of the diverter valve ports has the same shape and size, and are evenly distributed on the same circumferential surface around the axis of the plunger.
优选地所述节流装置为节流嘴。Preferably, the throttle device is a throttle nozzle.
优选地，所述分流阀反馈腔内设置有弹性件，所述弹性件支撑在所述柱塞和所述分流阀反馈腔底壁之间，从而提供使所述柱塞从所述分流阀反馈腔向所述分流阀进油腔方向移动的力。Preferably, an elastic member is provided in the feedback chamber of the diverter valve, and the elastic member is supported between the plunger and the bottom wall of the feedback chamber of the diverter valve, so as to provide feedback for the plunger from the diverter valve. The force that the cavity moves toward the oil inlet cavity of the diverter valve.
优选地，所述弹性件为压缩弹簧。Preferably, the elastic member is a compression spring.
优选地，所述分流阀体设置有套筒，所述柱塞在所述套筒内滑动，所述分流阀口开设在所述套筒筒壁上。Preferably, the diverter valve body is provided with a sleeve, the plunger slides in the sleeve, and the diverter valve port is opened on the wall of the sleeve.
优选地，所述减压阀体内设置有活门套，所述活门在所述活门套内滑动，所述减压阀出油口开设在所述活门套上。Preferably, a valve sleeve is arranged in the body of the pressure relief valve, the valve slides in the valve sleeve, and the oil outlet of the pressure relief valve is opened on the valve sleeve.
优选地，每个所述减压阀的第二油腔内均设置有阻尼片，所述阻尼片上开设有阻尼孔，所述阻尼片将第二油腔分隔为第六油腔和第七油腔，所述第六油腔和第七油腔通过阻尼孔连通，所述第六油腔位于第一油腔和第七油腔之间，所述第七油腔与所述分流阀反馈腔连通。Preferably, a damping sheet is provided in the second oil chamber of each pressure reducing valve, and a damping hole is opened on the damping sheet, and the second oil chamber is divided into a sixth oil chamber and a seventh oil chamber by the damping sheet. cavity, the sixth oil cavity communicates with the seventh oil cavity through a damping hole, the sixth oil cavity is located between the first oil cavity and the seventh oil cavity, the seventh oil cavity is connected to the diverter valve feedback cavity connected.
优选地，所述活塞体包括活塞和固定设置在活塞一端的活塞杆。Preferably, the piston body includes a piston and a piston rod fixed at one end of the piston.
本发明压力自适应的多通道均流阀与现有技术不同之处在于本发明压力自适应的多通道均流阀通过设置分流阀和减压阀，并在分流阀上设置至少两个分流阀口，每个分流阀口均与一个减压阀上设置的第一油腔连通，每个减压阀的第二油腔均与分流阀上的分流阀反馈腔连通，从而使每个减压阀第一油腔的油压保持一致，同时每个所述分流阀口在所述柱塞滑动过程中通流面积始终保持一致，因此能够实现每个分流阀口流出的油液的流量相同。因为每个减压阀的第二油腔均与分流阀上的分流阀反馈腔连通，即每个第二油腔均是相互连通的，所以即使某个减压阀的第一油腔上的减压阀出油口(即本发明的压力自适应多通道均流阀的出油口)处因外部负载导致油压发生变化，导致该减压阀的第一油腔内的油压变化时，该油压的变化也会通过相互连通的第二油腔反馈到每个减压阀，从而使每个减压阀的第一油腔的油压均保持相同，即每个分流阀口的油压相同，进而实现每个分流阀口流出的油液的流量相同。因此，本多通道均流阀能够自动适用于压力有突然变化的同步系统。The pressure adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention is different from the prior art in that the pressure adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention is provided with a diverter valve and a pressure reducing valve, and at least two diverter valves are arranged on the diverter valve Each diverter valve port communicates with the first oil chamber set on a pressure reducing valve, and the second oil chamber of each pressure reducing valve communicates with the diverter valve feedback chamber on the diverter valve, so that each pressure reducing valve The oil pressure in the first oil chamber of the valve remains consistent, and at the same time, the flow area of each diverter valve port is always consistent during the sliding process of the plunger, so that the flow rate of oil flowing out of each diverter valve port can be the same. Because the second oil chamber of each pressure reducing valve communicates with the feedback chamber of the diverter valve on the diverter valve, that is, each second oil chamber communicates with each other, so even if the first oil chamber of a certain pressure reducing valve When the oil pressure at the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve (that is, the oil outlet of the pressure-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention) changes due to external loads, causing the oil pressure in the first oil chamber of the pressure reducing valve to change , the change of the oil pressure will also be fed back to each pressure reducing valve through the second oil chamber communicating with each other, so that the oil pressure in the first oil chamber of each pressure reducing valve remains the same, that is, the oil pressure of each diverter valve port The oil pressure is the same, so that the flow of oil flowing out of each diverter valve port is the same. Therefore, the multi-channel flow equalizing valve can be automatically applied to a synchronous system with sudden changes in pressure.
下面结合附图对本发明的压力自适应的多通道均流阀作进一步说明。The pressure adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明压力自适应的多通道均流阀的分流阀的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the diverter valve of the pressure self-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention;
图2为本发明压力自适应的多通道均流阀的减压阀的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure-reducing valve of a pressure-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention;
图3为本发明压力自适应的多通道均流阀的负载选择器的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a load selector of a pressure-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention;
图4为本发明压力自适应的多通道均流阀的结构示意图(剖视)；Fig. 4 is the structural schematic view (section) of the self-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention;
图5为图4中沿A-A方向的剖视图。Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the direction A-A in Fig. 4 .
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步阐述。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，本发明的保护范围并不局限于下述的具体实施方式。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
首先需要说明的是，本发明旨在提供一种自适应的多通道均流阀，应用在压力有突然变化的同步系统中，通过使每个减压阀的第二油腔均与分流阀上的分流阀反馈腔连通，从而使每个减压阀第一油腔的油压保持一致，同时使每个所述分流阀口在所述柱塞滑动过程中通流面积始终保持一致，因此能够实现每个分流阀口流出的油液的流量相同。First of all, it needs to be explained that the present invention aims to provide an adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve, which is applied in a synchronous system with sudden pressure changes. The feedback cavity of the diverter valve is connected, so that the oil pressure in the first oil chamber of each pressure reducing valve is kept consistent, and at the same time, the flow area of each diverter valve port is always kept consistent during the sliding process of the plunger, so it can The flow rate of the oil flowing out of each diverter valve port is the same.
本发明一种压力自适应的多通道均流阀，包括分流阀、减压阀和负载选择器。参见图1所示，所述分流阀包括设置有分流阀进油口19(即本发明自适应的多通道均流阀的进油口)和至少两个分流阀口20的分流阀体、以及可滑动地设置在分流阀体的内腔的柱塞14。其中，分流阀口20的数量为多个，本实施例优选4个。The invention relates to a pressure self-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve, which comprises a flow diversion valve, a pressure reducing valve and a load selector. 1, the diverter valve includes a diverter valve body provided with a diverter valve oil inlet 19 (that is, the oil inlet of the self-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention) and at least two diverter valve ports 20, and The plunger 14 is slidably arranged in the inner chamber of the diverter valve body. Wherein, there are multiple diversion valve ports 20, preferably four in this embodiment.
所述柱塞14将所述分流阀体的内腔分隔为分流阀进油腔和分流阀反馈腔21，所述分流阀进油口19与所述分流阀进油腔连通，所述柱塞14上具有节流装置，位于所述柱塞14两侧的分流阀进油腔和分流阀反馈腔21通过节流装置连通，所述柱塞14能够通过所述节流装置形成的压差在分流阀体内从分流阀进油腔向分流阀反馈腔21方向滑动，每个所述分流阀口20在所述柱塞14滑动过程中彼此之间的通流面积始终保持一致。The plunger 14 separates the inner cavity of the diverter valve body into a diverter valve oil inlet chamber and a diverter valve feedback chamber 21, the diverter valve oil inlet 19 communicates with the diverter valve oil inlet chamber, and the plunger There is a throttling device on 14, the oil inlet chamber of the diverter valve located on both sides of the plunger 14 and the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve communicate through the throttling device, and the pressure difference formed by the plunger 14 through the throttling device is The body of the diverter valve slides from the oil inlet chamber of the diverter valve to the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve, and the flow areas between each diverter valve port 20 are always consistent during the sliding process of the plunger 14 .
其中，所示节流装置在本发明中优选为节流嘴15。本领域技术人员应该知晓，只要能够起到节流作用的结构都能够应用在本发明中，如在柱塞14上设置节流孔。Wherein, the throttle device shown is preferably a throttle nozzle 15 in the present invention. Those skilled in the art should know that any structure that can play a throttling role can be applied in the present invention, such as setting a throttling hole on the plunger 14 .
所述负载选择器包括选择器阀体，从而使分流阀反馈腔21与具有泄油孔的选择器阀体的内腔连通。The load selector includes a selector valve body, so that the feedback cavity 21 of the diverter valve communicates with the inner cavity of the selector valve body having an oil drain hole.
参见图2所示，所述减压阀包括设置有减压阀出油口30的减压阀体、以及可滑动地设置在减压阀体的内腔的活门3，所述活门3将所述加压阀体1的内腔分隔为第一油腔和第二油腔，所述活门3在所述减压阀体内滑动，能够使所述减压阀出油口30逐渐打开或逐渐关闭，从而使所述减压阀出油口30(即本发明自适应的多通道均流阀的出油口)与所述第一油腔连通。所述活门3两端的位于第一油腔内的油液作用面积与位于第二油腔内的油液作用面积相同。本发明中，所述油液作用面积相同是指第一油腔和第二油腔的压强相同时，在油液作用面积相同的情况下，第一油腔和第二油腔对活门3产生的压力相同。Referring to Fig. 2, the pressure reducing valve includes a pressure reducing valve body provided with a pressure reducing valve oil outlet 30, and a valve 3 slidably arranged in the inner chamber of the pressure reducing valve body, and the valve 3 will The inner cavity of the pressurized valve body 1 is divided into a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber, and the valve 3 slides in the pressure reducing valve body, so that the oil outlet 30 of the pressure reducing valve can be gradually opened or closed , so that the pressure reducing valve oil outlet 30 (that is, the oil outlet of the self-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention) communicates with the first oil chamber. The oil acting area in the first oil chamber at both ends of the valve 3 is the same as the oil acting area in the second oil chamber. In the present invention, the same oil action area means that when the pressure of the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber are the same, under the condition that the oil action area is the same, the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber have the same pressure on the valve 3. the same pressure.
所述减压阀的数量与所述分流阀口20的数量相同，本实施例中为4个。每个所述第一油腔均与一个所述分流阀口20连通，每个所述第二油腔均与所述分流阀反馈腔21连通。The number of the decompression valves is the same as the number of the diverter valve ports 20, and there are four in this embodiment. Each of the first oil chambers communicates with one of the diverter valve ports 20 , and each of the second oil chambers communicates with the diverter valve feedback chamber 21 .
为了使每个所述分流阀口20在所述柱塞14滑动过程中通流面积始终保持一致，本实施例中优选每个所述分流阀口20的形状和大小均相同，且围绕所述柱塞14的轴线在同一圆周面上均布。分流阀口20的形状优选圆形。In order to keep the flow area of each diverter valve port 20 consistent during the sliding process of the plunger 14, in this embodiment, each diverter valve port 20 preferably has the same shape and size, and The axes of the plunger 14 are evenly distributed on the same circumferential surface. The shape of the diverter valve port 20 is preferably circular.
当减压阀的第二油腔压力增大时，由于第二油腔与分流阀反馈腔21连通，因此分流阀反馈腔21的压力随着增大，推动柱塞14在阀体1内从分流阀反馈腔21向分流阀进油腔方向滑动，直到形成新的动态平衡。When the pressure in the second oil chamber of the decompression valve increases, since the second oil chamber communicates with the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve, the pressure in the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve increases, pushing the plunger 14 from inside the valve body 1 to The feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve slides toward the oil inlet chamber of the diverter valve until a new dynamic balance is formed.
为了使本装置结构更加合理，本实施例中，所述分流阀反馈腔21内设置有弹性件13，所述弹性件13支撑在所述柱塞14和所述分流阀反馈腔21底壁之间，从而进一步提供使所述柱塞14从所述分流阀反馈腔21向所述分流阀进油腔方向移动的力。本实施例中所述弹性件13优选为压缩弹簧。分流阀在复位状态时，柱塞14能够在所述弹性件13的作用下将分流阀口20堵住。In order to make the structure of the device more reasonable, in this embodiment, the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve is provided with an elastic member 13, and the elastic member 13 is supported between the plunger 14 and the bottom wall of the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve. space, so as to further provide force to move the plunger 14 from the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve to the oil inlet chamber of the diverter valve. The elastic member 13 in this embodiment is preferably a compression spring. When the diverter valve is in the reset state, the plunger 14 can block the diverter valve port 20 under the action of the elastic member 13 .
在本发明中，优选地，所述分流阀体内设置有套筒17，所述柱塞14在所述套筒17内滑动，所述分流阀口20开设在所述套筒17筒壁上。具体的，所述分流阀体的内腔为一端敞口的圆柱形内腔。套筒17插入分流阀体的内腔中，螺塞16旋入分流阀体的内腔的开口端，压紧套筒17，并将所述内腔封闭，套筒17和分流阀体的内腔之间通过钢珠18周向固定。钢珠18卡在套筒17和分流阀体上的半圆孔内，从而防止套筒17旋转。螺塞16上开设有本发明的分流阀进油口19。节流嘴15旋入柱塞14上开设的通孔中，弹性件13的下端作用在柱塞14的内部沉孔面，上端作用在分流阀反馈腔21的顶面。在柱塞14外圈上设置有凸缘，从而在弹性件弹力的作用下，使柱塞14上的凸缘压在所述套筒17内端的端部，进而使弹性件处于预压缩状态，所以在所述节流装置形成的压差达到一定压力时，柱塞14才能克服弹性件的预压力向内移动(向弹性件方向移动)。In the present invention, preferably, a sleeve 17 is arranged in the diverter valve body, the plunger 14 slides in the sleeve 17 , and the diverter valve port 20 is opened on the wall of the sleeve 17 . Specifically, the inner cavity of the diverter valve body is a cylindrical inner cavity with one end open. The sleeve 17 is inserted into the inner cavity of the diverter valve body, the screw plug 16 is screwed into the opening end of the inner cavity of the diverter valve body, the sleeve 17 is compressed, and the inner cavity is closed, the sleeve 17 and the inner cavity of the diverter valve body The cavities are fixed circumferentially by steel balls 18. The steel ball 18 is stuck in the semicircular hole on the sleeve 17 and the shunt valve body, thereby preventing the sleeve 17 from rotating. The screw plug 16 is provided with an oil inlet 19 of the diverter valve of the present invention. The throttle nozzle 15 is screwed into the through hole provided on the plunger 14 , the lower end of the elastic member 13 acts on the inner counterbore surface of the plunger 14 , and the upper end acts on the top surface of the feedback cavity 21 of the diverter valve. A flange is provided on the outer ring of the plunger 14, so that under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member, the flange on the plunger 14 is pressed against the end of the inner end of the sleeve 17, so that the elastic member is in a pre-compressed state, Therefore, when the pressure difference formed by the throttling device reaches a certain pressure, the plunger 14 can overcome the pre-pressure of the elastic member and move inward (towards the direction of the elastic member).
柱塞14在分流阀进油腔的压力Pi、分流阀反馈腔21的反馈压力Pe、弹性件13的作用下，在套筒17中滑动，与套筒17上的四个分流阀口20形成分流阀。The plunger 14 slides in the sleeve 17 under the action of the pressure Pi of the oil inlet chamber of the diverter valve, the feedback pressure Pe of the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve, and the elastic member 13, and forms with the four diverter valve ports 20 on the sleeve 17. diverter valve.
优选地，本实施例中在减压阀体内设置有活门套4，所述活门3在所述活门套4内滑动，所述减压阀出油口30开设在所述活门套4上。在每个所述减压阀的第二油腔内均设置有阻尼片5，所述阻尼片5上开设有阻尼孔，所述阻尼片5将第二油腔分隔为第六油腔和第七油腔，所述第六油腔和第七油腔通过阻尼孔连通，所述第六油腔位于第一油腔和第七油腔之间，所述第七油腔与所述分流阀反馈腔21连通。Preferably, in this embodiment, a valve cover 4 is provided in the pressure reducing valve body, the valve 3 slides in the valve cover 4 , and the oil outlet 30 of the pressure reducing valve is opened on the valve cover 4 . A damping plate 5 is provided in the second oil chamber of each pressure reducing valve, and a damping hole is opened on the damping plate 5, and the second oil chamber is divided into the sixth oil chamber and the sixth oil chamber by the damping plate 5. Seven oil chambers, the sixth oil chamber communicates with the seventh oil chamber through a damping hole, the sixth oil chamber is located between the first oil chamber and the seventh oil chamber, the seventh oil chamber is connected to the diverter valve The feedback cavity 21 communicates.
为了实现了出油口最大负载的选择和反馈功能，如图3所示，本发明的压力自适应的多通道均流阀的负载选择器还包括能够在所述选择器阀体的内腔中滑动的活塞体9和泄油阀芯8，所述活塞体9的数量比所述减压阀的数量少一个，所述泄油阀芯8将所述选择器阀体的内腔分隔为第三油腔和第四油腔35，所有所述活塞体9均位于所述第三油腔内，且活塞体9将所述第三油腔分隔为多个第五油腔，所述第五油腔的数量与所述减压阀的数量相同，每个所述第五油腔均与一个所述减压阀的第一油腔连通，所述第四油腔35与所述分流阀反馈腔21连通，在所述选择器阀体上开设有泄油孔36，所述泄油阀芯8在所述选择器阀体内滑动，能够使所述泄油孔36逐渐与所述第四油腔35连通或关闭。优选第，所述活塞体9包括活塞和固定设置在活塞一端的活塞杆。In order to realize the selection and feedback function of the maximum load of the oil outlet, as shown in Figure 3, the load selector of the pressure-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention also includes a Sliding piston body 9 and oil drain valve core 8, the number of the piston body 9 is one less than the number of the pressure reducing valve, and the oil drain valve core 8 divides the inner cavity of the selector valve body into a second Three oil chambers and a fourth oil chamber 35, all the piston bodies 9 are located in the third oil chamber, and the piston body 9 divides the third oil chamber into a plurality of fifth oil chambers, the fifth The number of oil chambers is the same as the number of the pressure relief valves, each of the fifth oil chambers communicates with the first oil chamber of one pressure relief valve, and the fourth oil chamber 35 is fed back to the diverter valve. Cavity 21 communicates, and an oil drain hole 36 is opened on the selector valve body, and the oil drain valve core 8 slides in the selector valve body, so that the oil drain hole 36 can be gradually connected with the fourth oil The cavity 35 is connected or closed. Preferably, the piston body 9 includes a piston and a piston rod fixed at one end of the piston.
参见图4、图5，在本实施例中，所述分流阀体、所述减压阀体和选择器阀体为同一个阀体1。阀体1的中部有四个相同的减压阀，两个减压阀之间通过隔套6隔开。减压阀中有端盖2、活门3、活门套4、阻尼片5；端盖2通过螺钉38与阀体1固定，活门套4与阀体1之间通过O形圈29密封；第二油腔中的反馈压力Pe通过阻尼片5的阻尼孔作用在活门3的右端；分流阀口20的出口压力通过工艺孔Ⅰ22，分别到达活门3的左端；所述减压阀出油口30为节流孔，其数量为8个。活门3在两侧压力的作用下，在活门套4中滑动达到一个平衡位置，与活门套4上的所述减压阀出油口30形成减压阀。Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, the diverter valve body, the pressure reducing valve body and the selector valve body are the same valve body 1 . There are four identical pressure reducing valves in the middle of the valve body 1, and the spacers 6 are used to separate the two pressure reducing valves. There are end cover 2, valve 3, valve cover 4 and damping sheet 5 in the pressure reducing valve; end cover 2 is fixed with valve body 1 by screw 38, and the valve cover 4 and valve body 1 are sealed by O-ring 29; the second The feedback pressure Pe in the oil chamber acts on the right end of the valve 3 through the damping hole of the damping plate 5; the outlet pressure of the diverter valve port 20 passes through the process hole I22 and reaches the left end of the valve 3 respectively; the oil outlet 30 of the pressure reducing valve is The number of orifices is 8. Under the action of the pressure on both sides, the valve 3 slides in the valve sleeve 4 to reach an equilibrium position, and forms a pressure reducing valve with the pressure relief valve oil outlet 30 on the valve sleeve 4 .
负载选择器位于阀体1的上部。具体地，在本实施例中负载选择器中有螺堵Ⅰ7、泄油阀芯8、活塞体9、阀套10、螺堵Ⅱ11和负载选择弹簧12。螺堵Ⅰ7和螺堵Ⅱ11分别封闭开设在阀体1上的通孔的两端，本实施例中活塞体9的数量为三个，因此形成四个第五油腔，即负载腔Ⅰ31、负载腔Ⅱ32、负载腔Ⅲ33、负载腔Ⅳ34。负载选择弹簧12设置在负载腔Ⅰ31中，用于向对应的活塞体9提供弹力。负载腔Ⅰ31、负载腔Ⅱ32、负载腔Ⅲ33、负载腔Ⅳ34分别与一个减压阀的第一油腔连通，即与减压腔Ⅰ25、减压腔Ⅱ26、减压腔Ⅲ27、减压腔Ⅳ28。从而外部负载压力分别进入负载腔Ⅰ31、负载腔Ⅱ32、负载腔Ⅲ33、负载腔Ⅳ34，作用在活塞体9和泄油阀芯8上，将最大负载压力传递到第四油腔35。反馈压力Pe通过工艺孔Ⅱ37，传递到分流阀反馈腔21、反馈腔Ⅰ23、反馈腔Ⅱ24中，与分流阀反馈腔21连通，其中反馈腔Ⅰ23、反馈腔Ⅱ24即为减压阀的第二油腔。The load selector is located on the upper part of the valve body 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, the load selector includes a screw plug I7, an oil drain valve core 8, a piston body 9, a valve sleeve 10, a screw plug II11 and a load selection spring 12. The screw plug I7 and the screw plug II11 respectively close the two ends of the through hole opened on the valve body 1. In this embodiment, the number of the piston body 9 is three, so four fifth oil chambers are formed, that is, the load chamber I31, the load chamber Chamber II 32, Load Chamber III 33, Load Chamber IV 34. The load selection spring 12 is arranged in the load chamber I31 for providing elastic force to the corresponding piston body 9 . Load chamber I31, load chamber II32, load chamber III33 and load chamber IV34 communicate with the first oil chamber of a decompression valve respectively, that is, decompression chamber I25, decompression chamber II26, decompression chamber III27 and decompression chamber IV28. Therefore, the external load pressure enters the load chamber I31, load chamber II32, load chamber III33 and load chamber IV34 respectively, acts on the piston body 9 and the oil drain valve core 8, and transmits the maximum load pressure to the fourth oil chamber 35. The feedback pressure Pe passes through the process hole II37, and is transmitted to the feedback chamber 21, the feedback chamber I23, and the feedback chamber II24 of the diverter valve, and communicates with the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve. The feedback chamber I23 and the feedback chamber II24 are the second oil of the pressure reducing valve. cavity.
本发明的分流阀在复位状态时，柱塞14在弹性件13的作用下将套筒17上的四个分流阀口20堵住；在工作时，进油压力Pi从阀体1的分流阀进油口19流入。少量油液通过节流嘴15的固定节流孔流到分流阀反馈腔21，利用油液流过节流孔时形成压差，推动柱塞14在套筒17中向上移动，打开套筒17上的四个分流阀口20，四个阀口的开口量和形状相同，从而过流面积相同。大部分油液通过套筒17上打开的四个分流阀口20，分成四路油液，分别进入到四个减压阀(如图3所示)中，再流到均流阀的四路出油口(与对应的减压阀出油口30连通)。因为套筒17上四个分流阀口20的过流面积相同，并通过减压阀的调节使四个分流阀口20的前后压差保持一致，故四路出油口输出相同的流量。When the diverter valve of the present invention is in the reset state, the plunger 14 blocks the four diverter valve ports 20 on the sleeve 17 under the action of the elastic member 13; Oil inlet 19 flows in. A small amount of oil flows through the fixed orifice of the orifice 15 to the feedback cavity 21 of the diverter valve, and the pressure difference formed when the oil flows through the orifice pushes the plunger 14 to move upward in the sleeve 17, and the sleeve 17 is opened. The four diverter valve ports 20 have the same opening volume and shape, so the flow area is the same. Most of the oil passes through the four diverter valve ports 20 opened on the sleeve 17, and is divided into four oil paths, which respectively enter the four pressure reducing valves (as shown in Figure 3), and then flow to the four paths of the equalizing valve. Oil outlet (communicated with the corresponding pressure relief valve oil outlet 30). Because the flow area of the four diverter valve ports 20 on the sleeve 17 is the same, and the pressure difference between the front and rear of the four diverter valve ports 20 is kept consistent through the adjustment of the pressure reducing valve, so the four oil outlets output the same flow.
油液进入减压阀后，作用在活门3的左侧；活门3的右侧油腔经过阻尼片5与分流阀的分流阀反馈腔21相通，分流阀反馈腔21内的油液压力即为负载选择器(如图4所示)选出的反馈压力Pe。利用力平衡原理，因为两侧作用面积一致，故四个减压阀的进油压力均约等于反馈压力Pe。四个减压阀的进油即为分流阀的四路出油，且四个分流阀口20的入口压力均为进油压力Pi，满足四个分流阀口20的前后压力差一致的条件；同时活门3在活门套4内动态左右滑动，改变活门套4上减压阀出油口30的开口量，从而适应外部负载压力变化。After the oil enters the pressure reducing valve, it acts on the left side of the valve 3; the oil chamber on the right side of the valve 3 communicates with the diverter valve feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve through the damper plate 5, and the oil pressure in the diverter valve feedback chamber 21 is The feedback pressure Pe selected by the load selector (as shown in Figure 4). Utilizing the principle of force balance, since the acting areas on both sides are the same, the oil inlet pressure of the four pressure reducing valves is approximately equal to the feedback pressure Pe. The oil inlet of the four pressure reducing valves is the four-way oil outlet of the diverter valve, and the inlet pressure of the four diverter valve ports 20 is the oil inlet pressure Pi, which satisfies the condition that the front and rear pressure differences of the four diverter valve ports 20 are consistent; Simultaneously, the valve 3 slides dynamically left and right in the valve sleeve 4 to change the opening amount of the pressure reducing valve oil outlet 30 on the valve sleeve 4, thereby adapting to the change of the external load pressure.
均流阀的四路出油口的负载压力，经过阀体1内油道进入到负载选择器的负载腔Ⅰ31、负载腔Ⅱ32、负载腔Ⅲ33、负载腔Ⅳ34。负载压力经过活塞体9的传递，将最大的负载压力作用在泄油阀芯8的左侧；分流阀上节流嘴15的固定节流孔流到分流阀反馈腔21的少量油液，通过工艺孔Ⅱ37，进入到泄油阀芯8的右侧；根据力平衡原理，油液克服作用在泄油阀芯8左侧的最大负载压力，推动泄油阀芯8打开泄油孔36，形成常泄流量；由于泄油孔36及负载选择弹簧12的作用，泄油阀芯8右侧的反馈压力Pe略高于最大负载压力。再通过工艺孔Ⅱ37，将该压力Pe反馈到四个减压阀的活门3右侧和分流阀的分流阀反馈腔21，实现了四个出油口的最大负载压力选择和反馈功能。The load pressure of the four oil outlets of the flow equalizing valve enters the load chamber I31, load chamber II32, load chamber III33 and load chamber IV34 of the load selector through the oil passage in the valve body 1. The load pressure is transmitted through the piston body 9, and the maximum load pressure acts on the left side of the drain valve core 8; a small amount of oil flowing from the fixed orifice of the throttle nozzle 15 on the diverter valve to the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve passes through The process hole II37 enters the right side of the oil drain spool 8; according to the principle of force balance, the oil overcomes the maximum load pressure acting on the left side of the oil drain spool 8, and pushes the oil drain spool 8 to open the oil drain hole 36, forming Normal discharge flow; due to the effect of the drain hole 36 and the load selection spring 12, the feedback pressure Pe on the right side of the drain spool 8 is slightly higher than the maximum load pressure. Then through the process hole II37, the pressure Pe is fed back to the right side of the valve 3 of the four pressure reducing valves and the feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve of the diverter valve, realizing the maximum load pressure selection and feedback function of the four oil outlets.
出油口的最大负载压力反馈到分流阀的分流阀反馈腔21后，为了打开四个分流阀口20，进油压力Pi需克服分流阀反馈腔21压力(即反馈压力Pe)、弹性件13的弹力和液动力。当四个出油口的最大负载发生变化时，均流阀的进油压力Pi也随之变化，从而实现了进油压力Pi的自适应。After the maximum load pressure of the oil outlet is fed back to the diverter valve feedback chamber 21 of the diverter valve, in order to open the four diverter valve ports 20, the oil inlet pressure Pi needs to overcome the pressure of the diverter valve feedback chamber 21 (ie the feedback pressure Pe), the elastic member 13 elastic and hydraulic power. When the maximum load of the four oil outlets changes, the oil inlet pressure Pi of the equalizing valve also changes accordingly, thereby realizing the self-adaptation of the oil inlet pressure Pi.
本发明的一种压力自适应的多通道均流阀具有如下有益效果：A pressure-adaptive multi-channel flow equalizing valve of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1)该均流阀可将单路液流实现2路、3路、4路或更多路数，对比传统的只能实现2路分流的均流阀，增加了分流油路数量，简化了液压同步控制回路。(现有的自调式分流阀是在固定式分流阀的基础上，增加了一个前置级双向定差减压力阀，减压阀的减压口代替了分流阀芯上的定节流孔，且开口大小可根据流量大小自动调整。以上自调式分流阀只限于将单一油流分成两个支流，也仅限于分成两支分流，拓展性比较差。上述均流阀受到结构原理的限制，只能是二通均流阀。对于二路以上的同步系统时，需要将多个二通均流阀组合应用，回路复杂、可靠性降低。)1) The flow equalizing valve can achieve 2, 3, 4 or more channels of single liquid flow. Compared with the traditional flow equalizing valve that can only realize 2-way diversion, it increases the number of diversion oil circuits and simplifies Hydraulic synchronous control loop. (The existing self-adjusting diverter valve is based on the fixed diverter valve, adding a pre-stage two-way fixed differential pressure reducing valve, and the pressure reducing port of the pressure reducing valve replaces the fixed throttle orifice on the diverter valve core. And the size of the opening can be automatically adjusted according to the flow rate. The above self-adjusting diverter valve is limited to dividing a single oil flow into two branches, and it is also limited to dividing into two branches. The expansion is relatively poor. The above-mentioned flow equalizing valve is limited by the structural principle It can be a two-way flow equalizing valve. For a synchronous system with more than two channels, it is necessary to combine multiple two-way flow equalizing valves, the circuit is complicated and the reliability is reduced.)
2)采用负载选择器和内部控制油路设计，均流阀的进油压力跟随出油口的最大负载压力变化，使系统油源压力可随着最大负载压力变化，不总是工作在溢流状态，达到了节能的目的。2) Adopting load selector and internal control oil circuit design, the oil inlet pressure of flow equalizing valve changes with the maximum load pressure of the oil outlet, so that the oil source pressure of the system can change with the maximum load pressure, and does not always work in overflow state, to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
3)该阀件具有分流精度高、分流精度小于2.5％；安装形式简单、工作可靠性高、可拓展性强等优点。3) The valve part has the advantages of high flow diversion accuracy, which is less than 2.5%, simple installation form, high working reliability, and strong expandability.
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510615831.4ACN105422538B (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2015-09-24 | The multi-passage current sharing valve of pressure adaptive |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510615831.4ACN105422538B (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2015-09-24 | The multi-passage current sharing valve of pressure adaptive |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105422538A CN105422538A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| CN105422538Btrue CN105422538B (en) | 2017-10-31 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510615831.4AActiveCN105422538B (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2015-09-24 | The multi-passage current sharing valve of pressure adaptive |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105422538B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105782153A (en)* | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 宁波市加力特机械有限公司 | Pressure compensation valve of hydraulic pressure station of electric platform |
| CN108077980B (en)* | 2017-12-29 | 2023-05-30 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Discharging device |
| CN111075959B (en)* | 2019-12-06 | 2021-07-16 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Self-adaptive flow rate regulating proportional regulator |
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| DE2629098C2 (en)* | 1976-06-29 | 1982-12-16 | Institutul de Cercetari si Proiectari Pentru Utilaje de Constructii de Drumuri (I.C.P.U.C.) Braila, Braila | Hydraulic flow divider device |
| EP0129665A1 (en)* | 1983-05-26 | 1985-01-02 | Luciano Migliori | Sliding valve for pneumatic circuits |
| CN85104146A (en)* | 1985-06-03 | 1986-12-03 | 叶光祖 | Hand controled synchronous reversal valve |
| US4756330A (en)* | 1986-03-21 | 1988-07-12 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen, Ag. | Flow divider valve |
| DE4122317A1 (en)* | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-14 | Kracht Gmbh | Hydraulic flow distribution valve - has free switching piston acting as pressure balance and throttle for metering fluid |
| US6164310A (en)* | 1998-06-22 | 2000-12-26 | Shimadzu Corporation | Priority type flow dividing valve |
| US6651688B2 (en)* | 2000-12-07 | 2003-11-25 | Glen Brand | Divider-combiner valve |
| CN200955523Y (en)* | 2006-05-17 | 2007-10-03 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Adjustable priority diverter valve |
| CN201507491U (en)* | 2009-08-14 | 2010-06-16 | 史广成 | One-way dividing valve and collecting valve |
| CN201902578U (en)* | 2010-11-29 | 2011-07-20 | 张丙礼 | Flow equalizing valve |
| CN103775418A (en)* | 2014-01-06 | 2014-05-07 | 华中科技大学 | Hydraulic machine double-cylinder synchronizing device |
| CN203906431U (en)* | 2014-05-26 | 2014-10-29 | 苏州锟恩电子科技有限公司 | Novel flow dividing valve |
| CN104197046A (en)* | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 宁波市博尔法液压有限公司 | Multi-way valve with unloading protection function |
| CN204476913U (en)* | 2014-12-29 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江海宏液压科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Novel diversion valve arrangement |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04331803A (en)* | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-19 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Flow dividing valve |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2629098C2 (en)* | 1976-06-29 | 1982-12-16 | Institutul de Cercetari si Proiectari Pentru Utilaje de Constructii de Drumuri (I.C.P.U.C.) Braila, Braila | Hydraulic flow divider device |
| EP0129665A1 (en)* | 1983-05-26 | 1985-01-02 | Luciano Migliori | Sliding valve for pneumatic circuits |
| CN85104146A (en)* | 1985-06-03 | 1986-12-03 | 叶光祖 | Hand controled synchronous reversal valve |
| US4756330A (en)* | 1986-03-21 | 1988-07-12 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen, Ag. | Flow divider valve |
| DE4122317A1 (en)* | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-14 | Kracht Gmbh | Hydraulic flow distribution valve - has free switching piston acting as pressure balance and throttle for metering fluid |
| US6164310A (en)* | 1998-06-22 | 2000-12-26 | Shimadzu Corporation | Priority type flow dividing valve |
| US6651688B2 (en)* | 2000-12-07 | 2003-11-25 | Glen Brand | Divider-combiner valve |
| CN200955523Y (en)* | 2006-05-17 | 2007-10-03 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Adjustable priority diverter valve |
| CN201507491U (en)* | 2009-08-14 | 2010-06-16 | 史广成 | One-way dividing valve and collecting valve |
| CN201902578U (en)* | 2010-11-29 | 2011-07-20 | 张丙礼 | Flow equalizing valve |
| CN103775418A (en)* | 2014-01-06 | 2014-05-07 | 华中科技大学 | Hydraulic machine double-cylinder synchronizing device |
| CN203906431U (en)* | 2014-05-26 | 2014-10-29 | 苏州锟恩电子科技有限公司 | Novel flow dividing valve |
| CN104197046A (en)* | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 宁波市博尔法液压有限公司 | Multi-way valve with unloading protection function |
| CN204476913U (en)* | 2014-12-29 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江海宏液压科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Novel diversion valve arrangement |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105422538A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
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