技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种旁通阀式调速清管器。The invention relates to a bypass valve type speed regulating pipe pig.
背景技术Background technique
在对油气管道进行清管和检测过程中，一般法规要求清管设备运行速度为3.5～5m/s；管道内检测设备为了获得较佳的检测数据质量，要求设备的运行速度低于5m/s；电磁超声检测设备则要求其运行速度低于2m/s。清管器在通过管道上下坡段、弯曲段、积液、积砂及结垢段时速度变化较大，直接使用常规清管器不能够满足速度控制要求。In the process of pigging and testing oil and gas pipelines, general regulations require that the running speed of the pigging equipment is 3.5-5m/s; in order to obtain better quality of testing data, the running speed of the testing equipment in the pipeline is required to be lower than 5m/s ; Electromagnetic ultrasonic testing equipment requires its operating speed to be lower than 2m/s. The speed of the pigs changes greatly when passing through the uphill and downhill sections, curved sections, liquid accumulation, sand accumulation and fouling sections of the pipeline, and the direct use of conventional pigs cannot meet the speed control requirements.
现有油气管道清管器速度控制方式为主动控制方式和被动控制方式。The speed control modes of existing oil and gas pipeline pigs are active control mode and passive control mode.
主动控制采用旁通阀控制方式，其技术方案为：用里程轮采集清管器速度或者用加速度传感器获得清管器速度；电控系统对信号处理；通过电机来调整泄流阀的开启程度；再通过泄流阀开度调节清管器前后压差，调整清管器推动力，从而控制清管器运行速度。The active control adopts the bypass valve control method, and its technical solution is: use the mileage wheel to collect the pig speed or use the acceleration sensor to obtain the pig speed; the electronic control system processes the signal; adjust the opening degree of the discharge valve through the motor; Then adjust the pressure difference between the front and rear of the pig through the opening of the relief valve, and adjust the driving force of the pig to control the running speed of the pig.
被动控制方式是通过调节清管作业中入口端和出口端的介质压力和流量来间接控制清管器速度。因为气体的可压缩性，被动控制方式往往难以达到较好速度控制效果，清管器容易因为速度过大引起冲击，造成清管器和管道损伤等问题。The passive control method is to indirectly control the speed of the pig by adjusting the medium pressure and flow at the inlet and outlet ports during the pigging operation. Because of the compressibility of the gas, it is often difficult to achieve a good speed control effect by the passive control method, and the pig is prone to impact due to excessive speed, causing problems such as damage to the pig and the pipeline.
专利CN201410219086.7公布了一种自动调速清管器，该方案采用半交叉皮带传动，在管道内复杂工况下皮带容易跑偏和打滑，并且该方案速度采集轮通过弹簧拉力和支撑杆实现，总体布局长度较长，难以满足清管器通过管道弯管部分要求。Patent CN201410219086.7 discloses an automatic speed-regulating pig. This scheme uses a half-cross belt drive. The belt is easy to deviate and slip under complex working conditions in the pipeline, and the speed acquisition wheel of this scheme is realized by spring tension and a support rod. , the overall layout length is long, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the pig passing through the pipe elbow.
专利CN201410225525.5公布了一种清管器速度采集装置，该方案采用速度采集轮驱动液压泵的方式，用拉伸弹簧和撑杆将速度采集轮压紧在管道内壁。因此该方案应用在清管器上，清管器整体长度会相对较长，不利于装置通过弯管。Patent CN201410225525.5 discloses a speed acquisition device for pipe pigs. The solution adopts the method of driving the hydraulic pump by the speed acquisition wheel, and presses the velocity acquisition wheel against the inner wall of the pipeline with tension springs and struts. Therefore, if this solution is applied to the pig, the overall length of the pig will be relatively long, which is not conducive to the device passing through the elbow.
专利CN201410708220.X公布了一种带液压系统的清管器速度控制器，该方案将清管器速度通过液压系统转化为中心质量块的转动，质量块转动产生的离心力对刹车片产生挤压力。该方案质量块和连杆转动，适应于气体管道，对于液体管道，质量块转动阻力较大，速度反馈会受到较大影响。Patent CN201410708220.X discloses a pig speed controller with a hydraulic system, which converts the speed of the pig into the rotation of the central mass through the hydraulic system, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the mass produces a squeeze force on the brake pads . The rotation of the mass block and the connecting rod is suitable for gas pipelines. For liquid pipelines, the rotation resistance of the mass block is relatively large, and the speed feedback will be greatly affected.
目前的主动控制方式控制电机消耗电能，清管器自带的蓄电池电量有限，因此长距离管道清管受到限制。另一方面，电控方式的旁通阀控制方案因为考虑管内介质、管道形状等诸多因素而变得复杂。国内旁通阀主动控制方式清管器尚不成熟，国外该类清管器租用价格昂贵，目前国内油气管道清管仍然以被动控制方式为主。因此，研制适用工况更广自动调速清管器具有重要意义和使用前景。The current active control method controls the power consumption of the motor, and the battery power of the pig is limited, so long-distance pipeline pigging is limited. On the other hand, the electronically controlled bypass valve control scheme becomes complicated due to the consideration of many factors such as the medium in the pipe and the shape of the pipe. Domestic bypass valve active control pigs are still immature, and overseas such pigs are expensive to rent. At present, domestic oil and gas pipeline pigging is still dominated by passive control methods. Therefore, it is of great significance and application prospect to develop an automatic speed-regulating pig that is applicable to a wider range of working conditions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的：为了克服现有清管器电控旁通阀泄流控制方式的缺点，并克服质量块转动调节旁通阀方式的缺点，特提供一种旁通阀式调速清管器。Purpose of the present invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing pipe pig electronically controlled bypass valve discharge control method, and to overcome the shortcomings of the mass block rotation to adjust the bypass valve method, a bypass valve type speed regulating pipe pig is specially provided .
为达到上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种旁通阀式调速清管器，包括皮碗、前盖板、前端盖、中心筒、压缩弹簧A、筒体、底座、速度采集轮、液压泵、支架、后端盖、后盖板、油缸A、柱塞A、节流筒、柱塞B、油缸B、压缩弹簧B、油箱、节流阀，其特征在于：A bypass valve-type speed-regulating pig, including a cup, a front cover, a front cover, a central cylinder, a compression spring A, a cylinder, a base, a speed acquisition wheel, a hydraulic pump, a bracket, a rear end cover, and a rear cover Plate, oil cylinder A, plunger A, throttling barrel, plunger B, oil cylinder B, compression spring B, oil tank, throttle valve, characterized in that:
筒体一端安装前端盖，前端盖外侧安装皮碗，皮碗外侧安装前盖板，用螺栓连接前盖板和前端盖；筒体另一端设置法兰，筒体法兰安装后端盖，后端盖外侧安装皮碗，皮碗外侧安装后盖板，用螺栓连接后盖板和筒体法兰；The front end cover is installed at one end of the cylinder, the cup is installed on the outside of the front cover, the front cover is installed on the outside of the cup, and the front cover and the front cover are connected by bolts; the flange is installed at the other end of the cylinder, and the rear end cover is installed on the flange of the cylinder. Install the cup on the outside of the end cover, install the back cover on the outside of the cup, and connect the back cover and the cylinder flange with bolts;
前端盖和前盖板为圆盘形，前端盖和前盖板中心设置圆形通孔，中心筒为中空的圆筒，中心筒设置在筒体内并安装到前端盖中心位置；节流筒为中空的圆筒，节流筒套在中心筒外，节流筒与前端盖之间设置压缩弹簧A，节流筒另一端连接到柱塞A的端部；柱塞A设置在油缸A内，油缸A安装到后端盖中心位置；后端盖和后盖板为圆盘形，后端盖和后盖板设置轴向通孔；The front end cover and the front cover plate are disc-shaped, and the center of the front end cover and the front cover plate is provided with a circular through hole. Hollow cylinder, the throttle sleeve is set outside the central cylinder, a compression spring A is set between the throttle tube and the front end cover, and the other end of the throttle tube is connected to the end of the plunger A; the plunger A is set in the cylinder A, Oil cylinder A is installed at the center of the rear end cover; the rear end cover and the rear cover are disc-shaped, and the rear end cover and the rear cover are provided with axial through holes;
底座安装到筒体中部，底座在筒体上采用径向布置，底座中间设置截面为矩形的槽，支架安装到底座中间的槽内，支架可以在底座中间的槽内沿着筒体的径向滑动；支架上固定液压泵，液压泵输入轴安装速度采集轮，支架下端设置柱塞B，柱塞B安装到油缸B内，油缸B固定到底座中间的槽内，支架和底座中间的槽底部之间设置压缩弹簧B；The base is installed in the middle of the cylinder, the base is radially arranged on the cylinder, a groove with a rectangular cross section is set in the middle of the base, the bracket is installed in the groove in the middle of the base, and the bracket can be placed in the groove in the middle of the base along the radial direction of the cylinder Sliding; the hydraulic pump is fixed on the bracket, the input shaft of the hydraulic pump is installed with the speed acquisition wheel, the plunger B is installed at the lower end of the bracket, the plunger B is installed in the oil cylinder B, the oil cylinder B is fixed in the groove in the middle of the base, and the bottom of the groove between the bracket and the base A compression spring B is set between them;
中心筒设置侧孔，节流筒套在中心筒外，节流筒设置侧孔，节流筒的侧孔与中心筒的侧孔对齐，相互连通；The central cylinder is provided with a side hole, the throttling cylinder is set outside the central cylinder, the throttle cylinder is provided with a side hole, the side hole of the throttle cylinder is aligned with the side hole of the central cylinder, and communicates with each other;
液压泵吸油口连接油箱，液压泵出油口连接节流阀，节流阀出口连接到油箱；液压泵和节流阀之间设置油缸A和油缸B。The oil suction port of the hydraulic pump is connected to the fuel tank, the oil outlet port of the hydraulic pump is connected to the throttle valve, and the throttle valve outlet is connected to the fuel tank; an oil cylinder A and an oil cylinder B are arranged between the hydraulic pump and the throttle valve.
中心筒设置至少2个侧孔，中心筒的侧孔沿着中心筒圆周方向均匀布置，中心筒的侧孔为长条形并且沿着中心筒轴向布置；节流筒设置至少2个侧孔，节流筒的侧孔沿着节流筒圆周方向均匀布置，节流筒的侧孔为长条形并且沿着节流筒轴向布置。The central cylinder is provided with at least 2 side holes, the side holes of the central cylinder are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the central cylinder, the side holes of the central cylinder are elongated and arranged axially along the central cylinder; the throttle cylinder is provided with at least 2 side holes , the side holes of the throttle cylinder are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the throttle cylinder, and the side holes of the throttle cylinder are elongated and arranged axially along the throttle cylinder.
所述柱塞A和柱塞B可以更换为活塞-活塞杆形式。The plunger A and plunger B can be replaced by a piston-piston rod form.
本发明具有的有益效果是：(1)本发明所述清管器速度控制器无电器元件，安全可靠，不需要通过蓄电池存储能量，可以用于长距管道清管；(2)本发明所述清管器可以携带管道检测设备，完成管道检测和清管的工作；(3)本发明所述清管器可以应用于气体管道和液体管道。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) the pig speed controller of the present invention has no electrical components, is safe and reliable, does not need to store energy through a battery, and can be used for long-distance pipeline pigging; (2) the pig speed controller of the present invention The pipe pig described above can carry pipeline detection equipment to complete the work of pipeline detection and pigging; (3) the pipe pig described in the present invention can be applied to gas pipelines and liquid pipelines.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构简图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
图2为图1的局部放大视图。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 .
图3为图1的A-A剖视图。Fig. 3 is a sectional view along line A-A of Fig. 1 .
图4为本发明包括的液压系统原理图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system included in the present invention.
图中：1.皮碗；2.螺栓；3.前盖板；4.前端盖；5.中心筒；6.压缩弹簧A；7.筒体；8.底座；9.速度采集轮；10.液压泵；11.支架；12.后端盖；13.后盖板；14.油缸A；15.柱塞A；16.节流筒；17.柱塞B；18.油缸B；19.压缩弹簧B；20.油箱；21.节流阀。In the figure: 1. Leather cup; 2. Bolt; 3. Front cover plate; 4. Front end cover; 5. Center cylinder; 6. Compression spring A; 7. Cylinder body; 8. Base; .Hydraulic pump; 11. Bracket; 12. Rear cover; 13. Rear cover; 14. Oil cylinder A; 15. Plunger A; 16. Throttle cylinder; 17. Plunger B; 18. Oil cylinder B; 19. Compression spring B; 20. Fuel tank; 21. Throttle valve.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明不受下述实施实例的限制，可以根据本发明的技术方案和实际情况来确定具体的实施方式。下面结合图1、2、3、4对本发明作以下描述。上、下、左、右等位置关系是依据说明书附图1的布局方向来确定的。The present invention is not limited by the following implementation examples, and specific implementation manners can be determined according to the technical solutions of the present invention and actual conditions. Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, the present invention is described below. Positional relationships such as up, down, left, and right are determined according to the layout direction in Figure 1 of the specification.
如图1所示，筒体7一端安装前端盖4，采用焊接方式连接，前端盖4外侧安装皮碗1，皮碗1外侧安装前盖板3，用螺栓2连接前盖板3和前端盖4，使皮碗1固定并压紧。筒体7另一端设置法兰，筒体7的法兰安装后端盖12，后端盖12外侧安装皮碗1，皮碗1外侧安装后盖板。用螺栓2连接后盖板和筒体7法兰，使皮碗1固定并压紧。As shown in Figure 1, the front end cover 4 is installed on one end of the cylinder body 7, which is connected by welding, the leather cup 1 is installed on the outside of the front end cover 4, the front cover 3 is installed on the outside of the leather cup 1, and the front cover 3 and the front cover are connected by bolts 2 4. Fix and press the cup 1 tightly. The other end of the cylindrical body 7 is provided with a flange, and the flange of the cylindrical body 7 is equipped with a rear end cover 12, and a leather cup 1 is installed on the outside of the rear end cover 12, and a rear cover is installed on the outside of the leather cup 1. Use the bolt 2 to connect the rear cover plate and the cylinder 7 flange, so that the leather cup 1 is fixed and pressed tightly.
如图1所示，前端盖4和前盖板3为圆盘形，前端盖4和前盖板3中心设置圆形通孔，中心筒5为中空的圆筒，中心筒5设置在筒体7内并安装到前端盖4中心位置。节流筒16为中空的圆筒，节流筒16套在中心筒5外，节流筒16与前端盖4之间设置压缩弹簧A6；节流筒16另一端连接到柱塞A15的端部，柱塞A15设置在油缸A14内，油缸A14安装到后端盖12中心位置。后端盖12和后盖板为圆盘形，后端盖12和后盖板设置8个圆周方向均匀布置的轴向通孔。As shown in Figure 1, the front end cover 4 and the front cover plate 3 are disc-shaped, the center of the front end cover 4 and the front cover plate 3 is provided with a circular through hole, the central cylinder 5 is a hollow cylinder, and the central cylinder 5 is arranged on the cylinder body. 7 and installed in the center of the front cover 4. The throttle cylinder 16 is a hollow cylinder, and the throttle cylinder 16 is set outside the central cylinder 5, and a compression spring A6 is set between the throttle cylinder 16 and the front end cover 4; the other end of the throttle cylinder 16 is connected to the end of the plunger A15 , The plunger A15 is set in the oil cylinder A14, and the oil cylinder A14 is installed at the center position of the rear end cover 12. The rear end cover 12 and the rear cover plate are disc-shaped, and the rear end cover 12 and the rear cover plate are provided with 8 axial through holes uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction.
如图2所示，底座8安装到筒体7中部，底座8在筒体上采用径向布置，4个底座8在筒体7圆周方向均匀布置。底座8中间设置截面为矩形的槽，支架11安装到底座8中间的槽内，支架11可以在底座8中间的槽内沿着筒体7的径向滑动。支架11上固定液压泵10，液压泵10输入轴安装速度采集轮9，速度采集轮9旋转带动液压泵10工作。支架11下端设置柱塞B17，柱塞B17安装到油缸B18内，油缸B18固定到底座8中间的槽内。支架11和底座8中间的槽底部之间设置压缩弹簧B19。As shown in FIG. 2 , the base 8 is installed in the middle of the cylinder 7 , the bases 8 are radially arranged on the cylinder, and the four bases 8 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 7 . A groove with a rectangular cross-section is arranged in the middle of the base 8 , and the bracket 11 is installed in the groove in the middle of the base 8 , and the bracket 11 can slide in the groove in the middle of the base 8 along the radial direction of the cylinder 7 . The hydraulic pump 10 is fixed on the support 11, and the input shaft of the hydraulic pump 10 is equipped with a speed acquisition wheel 9, and the rotation of the speed acquisition wheel 9 drives the hydraulic pump 10 to work. The lower end of the bracket 11 is provided with a plunger B17, the plunger B17 is installed in the oil cylinder B18, and the oil cylinder B18 is fixed in the groove in the middle of the base 8. A compression spring B19 is arranged between the bottom of the groove in the middle of the bracket 11 and the base 8 .
如图3所示，中心筒5设置4个侧孔，中心筒5的4个侧孔沿着中心筒5圆周方向均匀布置，中心筒5的侧孔为长条形并且沿着中心筒5轴向布置。节流筒16套在中心筒5外，节流筒16设置4个侧孔，节流筒16的4个侧孔沿着节流筒16圆周方向均匀布置，节流筒16的侧孔为长条形并且沿着节流筒16轴向布置。节流筒16的侧孔与中心筒5的侧孔对齐，相互连通。As shown in Figure 3, the central cylinder 5 is provided with 4 side holes, and the 4 side holes of the central cylinder 5 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the central cylinder 5. To layout. The throttling cylinder 16 is set outside the central cylinder 5, and the throttle cylinder 16 is provided with 4 side holes. The 4 side holes of the throttle cylinder 16 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the throttle cylinder 16. The side holes of the throttle cylinder 16 are long It is strip-shaped and arranged axially along the throttling cylinder 16 . The side holes of the throttling cylinder 16 are aligned with the side holes of the central cylinder 5 and communicate with each other.
如图4所示，液压泵10吸油口连接油箱20，液压泵10出油口连接节流阀21，节流阀21出口连接到油箱20。液压泵10出油口和节流阀21输入端之间设置油缸A14和油缸B18。液压泵10旋转，将油箱20内的液压油增压后输送到油缸A14、油缸B18和节流阀21。液压油通过节流阀21流回到油箱20内。节流阀21前端产生节流压力，并传递到油缸A14和油缸B18。As shown in FIG. 4 , the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the oil tank 20 , the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the throttle valve 21 , and the outlet of the throttle valve 21 is connected to the oil tank 20 . An oil cylinder A14 and an oil cylinder B18 are arranged between the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 10 and the input end of the throttle valve 21 . The hydraulic pump 10 rotates to pressurize the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 20 and deliver it to the oil cylinder A14 , the oil cylinder B18 and the throttle valve 21 . The hydraulic oil flows back into the oil tank 20 through the throttle valve 21 . Throttle pressure is generated at the front end of throttle valve 21 and transmitted to oil cylinder A14 and oil cylinder B18.
根据上述结构可以知道，本发明所采用的液压系统压力较低，柱塞A15和柱塞B17可以更换为活塞-活塞杆形式。According to the above structure, it can be known that the pressure of the hydraulic system adopted in the present invention is low, and the plunger A15 and the plunger B17 can be replaced with a piston-piston rod form.
本发明的工作原理是：The working principle of the present invention is:
速度采集轮9通过压缩弹簧B19和油缸B18压紧在管道内壁，清管器在前后压差作用下向前运动，速度采集轮9旋转带动液压泵10工作。液压油经过节流阀21之后流回到油箱20，节流阀21前端产生节流压力传递到油缸A14和油缸B18。油缸A14通过柱塞A15推动节流筒16滑动。压缩弹簧A6的弹力和柱塞A15的推动力相平衡，使得节流筒16处在平衡位置。The speed acquisition wheel 9 is pressed against the inner wall of the pipeline through the compression spring B19 and the oil cylinder B18, the pig moves forward under the action of the front and rear pressure difference, and the speed acquisition wheel 9 rotates to drive the hydraulic pump 10 to work. The hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank 20 after passing through the throttle valve 21 , and the throttling pressure generated at the front end of the throttle valve 21 is transmitted to the oil cylinder A14 and the oil cylinder B18 . The oil cylinder A14 pushes the throttling cylinder 16 to slide through the plunger A15. The elastic force of the compression spring A6 is balanced with the driving force of the plunger A15, so that the throttling cylinder 16 is in a balanced position.
清管器运行速度增加带动速度采集轮9转速增加，速度采集轮9驱动液压泵10工作，液压泵10转速越高所以节流阀21流量增加，因此节流阀21前端产生的节流压力增加，从而引起油缸A14内压力增加，柱塞A15推动节流筒16向中心筒5滑动，中心筒5和节流筒16形成的过流面积增加；从而引起节流压差降低，因此清管器的推动力降低速度会随之降低。The increase of the pig’s running speed drives the speed of the speed collection wheel 9 to increase, and the speed collection wheel 9 drives the hydraulic pump 10 to work. The higher the speed of the hydraulic pump 10, the flow rate of the throttle valve 21 increases, so the throttling pressure generated at the front end of the throttle valve 21 increases , so that the pressure in the cylinder A14 increases, the plunger A15 pushes the throttling cylinder 16 to slide towards the central cylinder 5, and the flow area formed by the central cylinder 5 and the throttle cylinder 16 increases; thus causing the throttle pressure difference to decrease, so the pig The driving force decreases and the speed decreases accordingly.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610013358.7ACN105414120B (en) | 2016-01-11 | 2016-01-11 | Bypass valve type speed regulating pipe cleaner |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610013358.7ACN105414120B (en) | 2016-01-11 | 2016-01-11 | Bypass valve type speed regulating pipe cleaner |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105414120Atrue CN105414120A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| CN105414120B CN105414120B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610013358.7AActiveCN105414120B (en) | 2016-01-11 | 2016-01-11 | Bypass valve type speed regulating pipe cleaner |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105414120B (en) |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | Effective date of registration:20170712 Address after:266300, No. 553, Lanzhou East Road, Jiaozhou, Shandong, Qingdao, Qingdao Patentee after:Qingdao New Austrian Rubber City Gas Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before:No. 8 Road, Xindu Xindu District of Chengdu city of Sichuan Province in 610500 Patentee before:Southwest Petroleum University | |
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