Screw thread spiculeTechnical field
The present invention relates to the field of medical instrument technology, and in particular to a kind of screw thread spicule.
Background technology
Fracture is that the continuity of bone structure is broken completely or partially, for its reason, is mainly the following situation：Direct violence：Violence directly acts on a certain position of bone and the position is caused to fracture, often with different degrees of soft tissue injury；IndirectlyViolence：Make to fracture at a distance by longitudinal conduction, leverage or twisting action when indirect violence acts on；The strain of accumulation property：For a long time, direct or indirect damage repeatedly, slight can cause a certain privileged site fracture of limbs, also known as fatigue fracture.
The treatment of fracture generally using replacement and fixation, after the reduction of the fracture, because unstable, easily occurs to shift again, therefore needIt is fixed, fracture site is made gradually to heal.At present, common fixing means has outer fixation：It is stretched tight using clamping plate, gypsumThe devices such as band, exterior fixing rack, traction braking are fixed；Inner fixed law：By surgical incision fracture site, using steel plate,Fracture site is fixed in draw point, intramedullary needle, bone screws etc..
Current bone screws, structure are typically to include rivet nut, and one end of rivet nut is sharp end, and the other end is tail end, nailScrew thread is provided on body, by its tail end precession rivet nut, rivet nut is made to sequentially pass through the nearside cortex of bone of fracture both sides and to side seamCortex, and then realize connection and fixation to fracture site.
With going deep into for research, the inventors of the present application found that there is what cannot be avoided to ask for the bone screws of above structureTopic, is embodied in：It fractures various informative, for Fracture Simple, bone screws using the above structure can play good solidFixed and connection effect.
But it for complicated fractures such as compression fracture, collapsed fracture and comminuted fracturees, is but no longer applicable in, reason isFollowing several respects：
On the one hand：After this kind of complicated fracture of compression fracture, collapsed fracture occurs, sclerotin is fragmented into polylith, if still usingTraditional bone screws are attached fixation, need to carry out coordination fixation using multiple bone screws so that surgical procedure is complicated, occursIatrogenic injury risk is also very big；And for the smaller fragmentation bone block of size, in bone screws are difficult to puncture into, into being unable toTo good connection fixed effect；
On the other hand：For compression fracture and collapsed fracture, compression fracture forms compression bone block, collapsed fracture hair after occurringIt is formed after life and collapses bone block, in compression bone block or after collapsing bone block reset, due to the part into offside cortex of bone of bone screwsFor sharp end, the sharp end is on the direction along bone screws axis, it is difficult to play pressure and dimension to compressing bone block or collapsing bone blockThe effect of holding, and then be difficult to play direct supporting role to compressing bone block or collapsing bone block on the direction along bone screws axis；
Another further aspect：Due to can not be played directly on the direction along bone screws axis to compressing bone block or collapsing bone blockExcellent support effect, so, after bone screws fixation, compression bone block at bone screws sharp end or collapse bone block and easily occurThe problems such as position of bone is lost, considerable distress is brought to patient.
So based on above-mentioned deficiency, there is an urgent need for one kind at present to be applicable not only to conventional Fracture Simple, but also suitable for compressionFracture and collapsed fracture, can be on the direction along bone screws axis to compressing bone block or collapsing the bone screws of bone block excellent supportStructure.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be directed to current bone screws above shortcomings, provide it is a kind of be suitable for compression fracture andCollapsed fracture, can be on the direction along bone screws axis to compressing bone block or collapsing the murices pin structure of bone block excellent support.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes：
A kind of screw thread spicule has the fixed section being connect with nearside cortex of bone and first that is used to support offside cortex of boneThe length of support section and the second supporting section, first supporting section and the second supporting section differs.
In the said program of the application, screw thread spicule includes different the first supporting sections and the second supporting section of length,In actual operation in use, the first supporting section or the second supporting section that are of convenient length according to fracture selection are carried out to side seamThe support of cortex so that the screw thread spicule of the application can be suitable for the support of different fracture sites, increases the applicationThe use scope of screw thread spicule simplifies operation preparation；
Meanwhile the screw thread spicule of the application, when suitable first supporting section of designated length or the second supporting section, whereinOne section extend into the connection that fracture is fractured, and another section is then stayed in outside, stays in external the first supporting section or secondConnecting portion of the supporting section as external auxiliary tool by external auxiliary tool and is stayed in external the first supporting section or secondThe cooperation of supporting section realizes the connection of fixed section and nearside cortex of bone and splits out, due to the first supporting section or the second supporting section allWith certain length, the reliability that guarantee is facilitated to be connect with external auxiliary tool, so that the screw thread spicule of the application existsThere can be preferable reliability when installing or splitting out；When screw thread spicule needs to reside in internal, needed according to actual medicalIt asks, screw thread spicule is cut in suitable position；
In another aspect, when the screw thread spicule using the application carries out fracture connection, due to staying in the first external supportSection or the second supporting section are stayed outside nearside cortex of bone, are had longer length, are avoided screw thread spicule shorter and slip into boneGreat malpractice is caused in matter depths, so also improving safety used in this application.
Preferably, the fixed section and the cooperation position of nearside cortex of bone are adjustable, make first supporting section or secondThe amount of stretching into that supporting section stretches into fracture is adjustable.
In the said program of the application, fixed section and the cooperation position of nearside cortex of bone are adjustable so that, in the first supportIt, can be by adjusting the cooperation position of fixed section and nearside cortex of bone when section or the end face of the second supporting section are contacted with being supported bone blockIt puts, and then adjusts the amount of stretching into of the first supporting section or the second supporting section, and then adjust the end of the first supporting section or the second supporting sectionForce size in face of being supported bone block while making to be supported bone block and obtain secure support and maintain, and avoids being supported boneBlock causes malpractice by excessive pressure, and then ensure that the reliability that the application screw thread spicule uses.
Preferably, the fixed section is sets threaded thread segment.
In the said program of the application, fixed section to set threaded thread segment, be first so that fixed section with closelyThe cooperation position of side seam cortex is adjustable, meanwhile, after screw thread spicule supports to place, additionally it is possible to prevent screw thread spicule from occurring in axial directionSlip, the further safety and reliability for ensureing the support of the application screw thread spicule.
Preferably, the side wall of first supporting section and the second supporting section is smooth, and it is respectively arranged at the fixed sectionBoth sides.
When using traditional bone screws, due to having screw thread on bone screws side wall, so it is connected into fractureConnect and support this more or less risk all to surrounding tissue there are iatrogenic injuries such as scuffings in the process.So above-mentionedIn scheme, the side wall of the first supporting section and the second supporting section is set as smooth side wall, the further screw thread spicule that reduces is being stretchedEnter the risk that fracture scratches the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue in the process；Meanwhile it also reduces supporting section and surrounding is driven to answerPosition bone block is mobile and the risk of dislocation or position of bone loss occurs, and further ensures the curative effect of operation；
What is more important, using traditional bone screws, since it will be punctured into offside cortex of bone, so, to boneWhen folding part position is fixed, inherently fracture can be caused further to damage；And the screw thread spicule of the application, it can't wearIt lunges in offside cortex of bone, so itself also avoids this further damage；
In addition, when needing to remove screw thread spicule, exactly because also traditional bone screws need to puncture into offside cortex of bone,So its demolishing process difficulty is very big, existing risk of medicine accident is also very big；And the screw thread spicule dismounting of the application is more squareJust, it is removed from female screw, surrounding tissue will not be damaged.
Preferably, first supporting section and the second supporting section are cylindric.
In the said program of the application, the first supporting section and the second supporting section are set as cylindric so that the applicationThe processing and manufacturing of screw thread spicule it is simple, while ensureing the first supporting section and smooth the second supporting section side wall, also make the first supportThe end face of section and the second supporting section is circular cross-section, and then when being supported, and eliminating rotation screw thread spicule makes the first supportSection or the second supporting section end surface shape are with being supported the step that bone block is adapted.
Preferably, the diameter of first supporting section and the second supporting section differs.
In the said program of the application, the diameter of the first supporting section and the second supporting section differs, so so that,In actual use, corresponding one section of suitable diameter is chosen according to fracture situation and is used as supporting section, further facilitates the applicationThe scope of application of screw thread spicule.
Preferably, the end face of first supporting section and the second supporting section is burnishing surface.
In the said program of the application, due to the end face of the first supporting section and the second supporting section be burnishing surface, Ke YiyongThe end face of first supporting section and the second supporting section on direction in an axial direction supports and maintains the offside cortex of bone after resetting, soSo that the screw thread spicule of the application can be adapted for this kind of complicated fracture of compression fracture, collapsed fracture, and fragmentation bone block is difficult to pass throughTraditional bone screws obtain excellent support and situation about maintaining.
In actual use, first to the nearside cortex of bone drilling bore hole of fracture, the first supporting section or the second supporting sectionGradually stretch into fracture, the end face of the first supporting section or the second supporting section is gradually pressed in offside cortex of bone, and then realizes offsideThe support of cortex of bone, since the contact jaw of the first supporting section or the second supporting section and offside cortex of bone is burnishing surface, more traditional boneFor the sharp end of screw, the application more firm and reliable along the support on the first supporting section or the second supporting section axial direction,And then greatly reduce the risk of position of bone loss；
In another aspect, it is burnishing surface to be also due to the end face of the first supporting section and the second supporting section in the application, for pressureContracting fracture, this kind of complicated fracture of collapsed fracture, during the first supporting section or the second supporting section gradually stretch into this, due to theThe excellent support of the end face of one supporting section or the second supporting section so that the first supporting section or the second supporting section can actively strut pressureContracting bone block collapses bone block and overlapping bone block, is resetted to compressing bone block, collapsing bone block and being overlapped bone block, that is to say, that this ShenScrew thread spicule please is during stretching into fracture and carrying out fracture fixation, additionally it is possible to play the role of reseting fracture, Jin ErjianThe operative treatment of fracture is changed, especially for the operative treatment of compression fracture, this kind of complicated fracture of collapsed fracture, therapeutic processIt is greatly facilitated；
Also need to further illustrate be：It is stretched into during fracture is supported this in the screw thread spicule of the application,Since the end face of the first supporting section and the second supporting section is burnishing surface, so, for the sharp end compared to traditional bone screws, thisThe screw thread spicule of application also reduces the risk that the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue are scratched during stretching into, and alleviates patient'sPain also improves the curative effect of operation.
As the preferred embodiment of the application, the end face edge of first supporting section and the second supporting section be provided with chamfering orFillet.
In said program, the end face edge of the first supporting section and the second supporting section is provided with chamfering or fillet, in not shadowUnder the premise of ringing support reliability, the first supporting section and the second supporting section is avoided to there are sharp edges, and then further reduceThe application screw thread spicule scratches the risk of the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue during fracture is stretched into；Meanwhile it also reducesFirst supporting section and the second supporting section end face have resetted the risk that bone block is mobile and generation dislocation or the position of bone are lost around driving, intoThe curative effect for ensuring operation of one step.
Preferably, first supporting section, the second supporting section and fixed section coaxial arrangement.
In the said program of the application, the first supporting section, the second supporting section and fixed section are coaxially disposed, facilitate this ShenScrew thread spicule please smoothly enters fracture and is supported, and is also convenient for splitting out for screw thread spicule.
Preferably, to be connected smoothly between the fixed section and the first supporting section and the second supporting section.
In said program, to be connected smoothly between fixed section and the first supporting section and the second supporting section, it is firstThe mechanical property of the application screw thread spicule is improved, avoids between fixed section and the first supporting section and the second supporting section that there are wedge anglesOr other mutation structures and there is the situation of stress concentration, thereby reduce the application screw thread spicule fracture risk, improveThe reliability of the application screw thread spicule further ensures the curative effect of operation；Meanwhile also reduce the application threaded boneNeedle stretches into the risk that fracture scratches surrounding tissue.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of screw thread spicule of the present invention：
1st, the screw thread spicule of the application includes different the first supporting sections and the second supporting section of length, makes in actual operationUsed time, the first supporting section or the second supporting section that are of convenient length according to fracture selection carry out the support of offside cortex of bone,So that the screw thread spicule of the application can be suitable for the support of different fracture sites, making for the application screw thread spicule is increasedWith range, operation preparation is simplified；
2nd, simultaneously, the screw thread spicule of the application, when suitable first supporting section of designated length or the second supporting section,In one section extend into the connection that fracture is fractured, another section is then stayed in outside, is stayed in the first external supporting section or theConnecting portion of two supporting sections as external auxiliary tool by external auxiliary tool and is stayed in the first external supporting section or theThe cooperation of two supporting sections is realized the connection of fixed section and nearside cortex of bone and is split out, due to the first supporting section or the second supporting sectionAll there is certain length, the reliability that guarantee is facilitated to be connect with external auxiliary tool, so that the screw thread spicule of the applicationThere can be preferable reliability when installing or splitting out；
3rd, when the screw thread spicule using the application carries out fracture connection, due to staying in the first external supporting section or theTwo supporting sections are stayed outside nearside cortex of bone, are had longer length, are avoided screw thread spicule shorter and slip into sclerotin depths and makeInto great malpractice, so also improving safety used in this application.
The advantageous effect of the application other embodiment：
1st, the screw thread spicule of the application can be adapted for this kind of complicated fracture of compression fracture, collapsed fracture, and fragmentation bone block is difficultTo obtain excellent support and situation about maintaining by traditional bone screws；
2nd, the application is more firm and reliable and then very big along the support on the first supporting section or the second supporting section axial directionReduce the position of bone loss risk；
3rd, the screw thread spicule of the application is during stretching into fracture and carrying out fracture fixation, additionally it is possible to play reseting fractureEffect, and then the operative treatment of fracture is simplified, especially for the operation of compression fracture, this kind of complicated fracture of collapsed fractureTreatment, therapeutic process are greatly facilitated；
4th, for compared to the sharp end of traditional bone screws, the screw thread spicule of the application is also reduced to be drawn during stretching intoHinder the risk of the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue, alleviate the pain of patient, also improve the curative effect of operation.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the application,
It is marked in figure：
The end face of the first supporting sections of 1-, the second supporting sections of 2-, 3- fixed sections, the first supporting sections of 4- and the second supporting section.
Specific embodiment
With reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understoodRange for the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all to belong to this based on the technology that the content of present invention is realizedThe range of invention.
Embodiment 1,
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of double flat head thread spicule, has the fixed section 3 being connect with nearside cortex of bone and is used to supportThe first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 of offside cortex of bone, the length of 1 and second supporting section 2 of the first supporting section differ.
In the said program of the present embodiment, screw thread spicule includes the first different supporting section 1 of length and the second supportSection 2, in actual operation in use, the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section 2 that are of convenient length according to fracture selection carry outThe support of offside cortex of bone, so that the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment can be suitable for the support of different fracture sites, increaseThe use scope of the present embodiment screw thread spicule, simplifies operation preparation；
Meanwhile the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment, when suitable first supporting section 1 of designated length or the second supporting section 2,Wherein one section extend into the connection that fracture is fractured, and another section is then stayed in outside, stay in the first external supporting section 1 orConnecting portion of second supporting section 2 as external auxiliary tool, by external auxiliary tool and stay in the first external supporting section 1 orThe cooperation of the second supporting section of person 2 realizes the connection of fixed section 3 and nearside cortex of bone and splits out, due to the first supporting section 1 or theTwo supporting sections 2 all have certain length, the reliability that guarantee is facilitated to be connect with external auxiliary tool, so that the present embodimentScrew thread spicule can have preferable reliability when installing or splitting out；When screw thread spicule needs to reside in internal, pressAccording to the facts border medical demand cuts screw thread spicule in suitable position；
In another aspect, when the screw thread spicule using the present embodiment carries out fracture connection, due to staying in external firstSupport 1 or second supporting section 2 of section is stayed outside nearside cortex of bone, is had longer length, is avoided screw thread spicule shorter and slideEnter sclerotin depths and cause great malpractice, so also improving the safety that the present embodiment uses.
Embodiment 2,
As shown in Figure 1, the cooperation position of screw thread spicule as described in Example 1, the fixed section 3 and nearside cortex of bone canIt adjusts, makes the amount of stretching into that 1 or second supporting section 2 of the first supporting section stretches into fracture adjustable, the fixed section 3 is is provided with spiral shellThe thread segment of line, the side wall of 1 and second supporting section 2 of the first supporting section is smooth, and is respectively arranged at 3 liang of the fixed sectionSide, 1 and second supporting section 2 of the first supporting section are cylindric.
In the said program of the present embodiment, fixed section 3 and the cooperation position of nearside cortex of bone are adjustable so that, firstIt, can be by adjusting fixed section 3 and nearside cortex of bone when the end face 4 of 1 or second supporting section 2 of supporting section is contacted with being supported bone blockCooperation position, and then adjust the amount of stretching into of the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section 2, and then adjust the first supporting section 1 or the secondThe end face 4 of supporting section 2 makes to be supported bone block while obtain secure support and maintain, again to being supported the force size of bone blockIt avoids being supported bone block and malpractice is caused by excessive pressure, and then it is reliable to ensure that the present embodiment screw thread spicule usesProperty.
In the said program of the present embodiment, fixed section 3 is so that fixed section 3 first to set threaded thread segmentIt is adjustable with the cooperation position of nearside cortex of bone, meanwhile, after screw thread spicule supports to place, additionally it is possible to prevent screw thread spicule from axis occursUpward slip, the further safety and reliability for ensureing the support of the present embodiment screw thread spicule.
When using traditional bone screws, due to having screw thread on traditional bone screws side wall, so its enter fracture intoRow connects and supports more or less risk all to surrounding tissue there are iatrogenic injuries such as scuffings during this.SoIn said program, the side wall of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 is set as smooth side wall, further reduces threaded boneNeedle scratches the risk of the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue during fracture is stretched into；Meanwhile it also reduces supporting section and drives weekThe risk for having resetted that bone block is mobile and generation dislocation or the position of bone are lost is enclosed, further ensures the curative effect of operation；
What is more important, using traditional bone screws, since it will be punctured into offside cortex of bone, so, to boneWhen folding part position is fixed, inherently fracture can be caused further to damage；And the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment, it can'tIt punctures and enters in offside cortex of bone, so itself also avoids this further damage；
In addition, when needing to remove screw thread spicule, exactly because also traditional bone screws need to puncture into offside cortex of bone,So its demolishing process difficulty is very big, existing risk of medicine accident is also very big；And the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment is removed moreIt is convenient, it is removed from female screw, surrounding tissue will not be damaged.
In the said program of the present embodiment, the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 are set as cylindric so that thisThe screw thread spicule processing and manufacturing of embodiment is simple, while ensureing the first supporting section 1 and smooth 2 side wall of the second supporting section, also makesThe end face 4 of first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 is circular cross-section, and then when being supported, and eliminates rotation screw thread spiculeMake the first supporting section 1 or 2 end face of the second supporting section, 4 shape and be supported the step that bone block is adapted.
Embodiment 3, as shown in Figure 1：
Screw thread spicule as described in embodiment 1 or 2, the diameter of 1 and second supporting section 2 of the first supporting section differ.
In the said program of the present embodiment, the diameter of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 differs, in this way, making, in actual use, corresponding one section of suitable diameter is chosen according to fracture situation and is used as supporting section, further facilitates thisThe scope of application of embodiment screw thread spicule.
Embodiment 4, as shown in Figure 1：
Screw thread spicule as described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3, the end face 4 of 1 and second supporting section 2 of the first supporting section is flatWhole face.
It, can since the end face 4 of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 is burnishing surface in the said program of the present embodimentWith supported and maintained on direction in an axial direction with the end face 4 of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 reset after to side seam skinMatter, so that, the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment can be adapted for this kind of complicated fracture of compression fracture, collapsed fracture, fragmentation boneBlock is difficult to obtain excellent support and situation about maintaining by traditional bone screws.
In actual use, first to the nearside cortex of bone drilling bore hole of fracture, the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section2 gradually stretch into fracture, and the end face 4 of the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section 2 is gradually pressed in offside cortex of bone, and then realizeThe support of offside cortex of bone, since the contact jaw of the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section 2 and offside cortex of bone is burnishing surface, compared withFor the sharp end of traditional bone screws, the present embodiment is more steady along the support in 2 axial direction of the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting sectionGu and reliably, and then greatly reduce the risk of position of bone loss；
In another aspect, it is burnishing surface to be also due to the end face 4 of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 in the present embodiment, it is rightIn compression fracture, this kind of complicated fracture of collapsed fracture, during the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section 2 gradually stretch into this,Due to the first supporting section 1 or the excellent support of the end face 4 of the second supporting section 2 so that the first supporting section 1 or the second supporting section 2 canActively to strut compression bone block, collapse bone block and overlapping bone block, resetted to compressing bone block, collapsing bone block and being overlapped bone block,That is, the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment is during stretching into fracture and carrying out fracture fixation, additionally it is possible to play reset boneThe effect of folding, and then the operative treatment of fracture is simplified, especially for the hand of compression fracture, this kind of complicated fracture of collapsed fractureArt is treated, and therapeutic process is greatly facilitated；
Also need to further illustrate be：Fracture, which is stretched into, in the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment is supported this processIn, since the end face 4 of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 is burnishing surface, so, compared to the sharp end of traditional bone screwsFor, the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment also reduces the risk that the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue are scratched during stretching into, and subtractsThe light pain of patient also improves the curative effect of operation.
Embodiment 5, as shown in Figure 1：
Screw thread spicule as described in embodiment 1-4 any one, the end face 4 of 1 and second supporting section 2 of the first supporting sectionEdge is provided with chamfering or fillet, and first supporting section 1, the second supporting section 2 and fixed section 3 are coaxially disposed, the fixed section 3To be connected smoothly between the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2.
In said program, 4 edge of end face of the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 is provided with chamfering or fillet, notUnder the premise of influencing support reliability, the first supporting section 1 and the second supporting section 2 is avoided to there are sharp edges, and then furtherReduce the risk that the present embodiment screw thread spicule scratches the iatrogenic injuries such as surrounding tissue during fracture is stretched into；MeanwhileIt reduces and has resetted bone block movement around the first supporting section 1 and the drive of 2 end face 4 of the second supporting section and dislocation or position of bone loss occursRisk, further ensure the curative effect of operation.
In the said program of the present embodiment, the first supporting section 1, the second supporting section 2 and fixed section 3 are coaxially disposed, sideJust the screw thread spicule of the present embodiment smoothly enters fracture and is supported, and is also convenient for splitting out for screw thread spicule.
In said program, to be connected smoothly between 3 and first supporting section 1 of fixed section and the second supporting section 2, firstIt is the mechanical property for improving the present embodiment screw thread spicule, avoids between 3 and first supporting section 1 of fixed section and the second supporting section 2There are wedge angle or other mutation structures and stress concentration occur, thereby reduce the wind of the present embodiment screw thread spicule fractureDanger improves the reliability of the present embodiment screw thread spicule, further ensures the curative effect of operation；Meanwhile it also reducesThe present embodiment screw thread spicule stretches into the risk that fracture scratches surrounding tissue.
Above example is only to illustrate the present invention and not limits technical solution described in the invention, although this explanationBook is with reference to above-mentioned each embodiment to present invention has been detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementationMode, therefore any modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement；And the technical side of all spirit and scope for not departing from inventionCase and its improvement, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.