技术领域technical field
本发明涉及开关磁阻电机的驱动控制以及功率变换器设计的技术领域，尤其涉及一种双电源供电三电平功率变换器。The invention relates to the technical field of drive control of a switched reluctance motor and the design of a power converter, in particular to a three-level power converter powered by a dual power supply.
背景技术Background technique
开关磁阻电机调速系统是以现代电力电子与微机控制技术为基础的机电一体化产品，具有结构简单、坚固、成本低、各相工作独立、控制灵活、运行效率高、启动转矩低的特点。由于开关磁阻电动机调速系统优良的控制性能，通过改变开关磁阻电动机的工作方式和控制各个参数，可以很容易的实现许多不同的现场要求的性能特点并满足一些特殊的工作性能指标。开关磁阻电动机调速系统以其独特的优点逐渐在电气传动领域占据了一席之地，良好的发展前景使其成为当今电气传动领域最热门的课题之一。通过控制开发，正在逐步应用在各个领域，如家用电器、一般工业控制，特种伺服与调速系统、电力机车牵引、航天器械以及汽车辅助设备等领域，所以开关磁阻电动机调速系统显示出强大的市场竞争力。The switched reluctance motor speed control system is a mechatronics product based on modern power electronics and microcomputer control technology. features. Due to the excellent control performance of the switched reluctance motor speed control system, by changing the working mode of the switched reluctance motor and controlling various parameters, it is easy to achieve many different performance characteristics required by the site and meet some special working performance indicators. With its unique advantages, the speed control system of switched reluctance motor gradually occupies a place in the field of electric transmission, and its good development prospects make it one of the hottest topics in the field of electric transmission today. Through control development, it is being gradually applied in various fields, such as household appliances, general industrial control, special servo and speed control systems, electric locomotive traction, aerospace equipment, and automotive auxiliary equipment. Therefore, the switched reluctance motor speed control system shows a strong market competitiveness.
开关磁阻电机调速系统的组成主要包括五个部分，开关磁阻电机、功率变换器、主控制单元、位置检测单元和电流检测单元，功率变换器用于给电机运行时提供能量。开关磁阻电动机的功率变换器在开关磁阻电动机调速系统中所占的成本最高，一个好的开关磁阻电动机功率转换器应该使用尽可能少的开关器件来降低成本。在典型的开关磁阻电机系统中使用的功率变换器是不对称半桥功率变换器，根据上下桥臂的两个主开关器件的开通和关断的情况，每相可以有状态1、状态0和状态-1三种不同的运行状态。其中，状态1为上下桥臂的两个主开关器件同时处于导通状态的情况，电机处于励磁阶段，此时相绕组两端电压为直流电源电压US；状态0为上桥臂的主开关器件处于关断状态，下桥臂的主开关器件处于导通状态，此时相绕组两端电压为0，电机处于续流状态，相电流通过续流二极管和下桥臂的主开关器件进行续流；状态-1为上下桥臂的两个主开关器件同时处于关断状态的情况，此时相绕组两端电压为-Us，电机能量回馈电源，相电流通过两个续流二极管形成回路。The composition of the switched reluctance motor speed control system mainly includes five parts, the switched reluctance motor, the power converter, the main control unit, the position detection unit and the current detection unit, and the power converter is used to provide energy for the motor to run. The power converter of the switched reluctance motor occupies the highest cost in the speed control system of the switched reluctance motor. A good switched reluctance motor power converter should use as few switching devices as possible to reduce the cost. The power converter used in a typical switched reluctance motor system is an asymmetrical half-bridge power converter. According to the opening and closing of the two main switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms, each phase can have state 1 and state 0. and state-1 three different operating states. Among them, state 1 is the situation that the two main switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms are in the conduction state at the same time, and the motor is in the excitation stage, at this time, the voltage at both ends of the phase winding is the DC power supply voltage US ; state 0 is the main switch of the upper bridge arm The device is in the off state, and the main switching device of the lower bridge arm is in the conducting state. At this time, the voltage at both ends of the phase winding is 0, and the motor is in the freewheeling state. The phase current continues through the freewheeling diode and the main switching device of the lower bridge arm. State-1 is the case where the two main switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms are in the off state at the same time, at this time the voltage at both ends of the phase winding is -Us , the motor energy is fed back to the power supply, and the phase current passes through two freewheeling diodes to form a loop .
传统的开关磁阻电机功率变换器多采用不对称半桥功率变换器，为了得到较大的有效转矩，应尽量减小制动转矩，即状态-1时尽快使相绕组电流衰减到0。由于在不对称半桥功率变换器中励磁和续流阶段的电压值相同，不能进行单独调节，延长了制动转矩的作用时间，极大的影响了系统输出转矩的效果，达不到电机的额定功率。Traditional switched reluctance motor power converters mostly use asymmetrical half-bridge power converters. In order to obtain a larger effective torque, the braking torque should be reduced as much as possible, that is, the phase winding current should decay to 0 as soon as possible when the state is -1. . In the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, the excitation and freewheeling stages have the same voltage value, which cannot be adjusted separately, which prolongs the action time of the braking torque and greatly affects the effect of the system output torque. The rated power of the motor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是传统的开关磁阻电机功率变换器由于在不对称半桥功率变换器中励磁和续流阶段的电压值相同，不能进行单独调节，延长了制动转矩的作用时间，极大的影响了系统输出转矩的效果，达不到电机的额定功率。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional switched reluctance motor power converter cannot be adjusted separately due to the same voltage values in the excitation and freewheeling stages of the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, which prolongs the effect of the braking torque time, which greatly affects the effect of the system output torque, and cannot reach the rated power of the motor.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种实现快速退磁的三电平电机功率变换器，包括上直流电源、下直流电源、三相绕组，三相上功率开关器件、三相下功率开关器件、滤波电容、储能电容以及六个续流二极管；所述上直流电源电压大于下直流电源电压；滤波电容与用于励磁的下直流电源并联；储能电容接在上下直流电源之间；所述每相绕组的上端对应连接一相上功率开关器件的发射极，下端连接一相下功率开关器件的集电极，三相的下功率开关器件的发射极均接电源地；每相绕组分别配备两个续流二极管；一个续流二极管的阳极接电源地，阴极连接电机绕组与上开关器件的连接处；另一个续流二极管的阳极连接电机绕组与下开关器件的连接处，阴极接续流专用的上直流电源的阳极。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a three-level motor power converter for realizing rapid demagnetization, including an upper DC power supply, a lower DC power supply, a three-phase winding, a three-phase upper power switching device, a three-phase The lower power switching device, filter capacitor, energy storage capacitor and six freewheeling diodes; the voltage of the upper DC power supply is greater than the voltage of the lower DC power supply; the filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the lower DC power supply for excitation; the energy storage capacitor is connected to the upper and lower DC power supplies Between; the upper end of each phase winding is connected to the emitter of the upper power switching device of one phase, the lower end is connected to the collector of the lower power switching device of one phase, and the emitters of the lower power switching devices of the three phases are all connected to the power supply ground; The phase windings are respectively equipped with two freewheeling diodes; the anode of one freewheeling diode is connected to the power ground, and the cathode is connected to the connection between the motor winding and the upper switching device; the anode of the other freewheeling diode is connected to the connection between the motor winding and the lower switching device. The cathode is connected to the anode of the dedicated upper DC power supply.
本发明的优点是：本发明与传统的三相开关磁阻电机功率变换器拓扑结构相比，增加了一个上直流电源，在不增加功率变换电路元器件的情况下，通过调压器调节上直流电源的电压使其大于下直流电源的励磁电压，使得续流阶段相电流下降速度加快，增加相绕组放电速度；当电机高速采用角度位置控制法时，关断角θoff可以适当延后，可以减小制动转矩的作用的时间，甚至消除制动转矩的作用，同时延长相绕组电流维持最大有效值的时间，增大系统的输出功率，降低了转矩脉动。The advantages of the present invention are: compared with the traditional three-phase switched reluctance motor power converter topology, the present invention adds an upper DC power supply, and adjusts the upper DC power supply through a voltage regulator without adding power conversion circuit components. The voltage of the DC power supply makes it greater than the excitation voltage of the lower DC power supply, so that the phase current drops faster during the freewheeling phase and the discharge speed of the phase winding is increased; when the motor adopts the angular position control method at high speed, the turn-off angle θoff can be appropriately delayed, It can reduce the action time of braking torque, even eliminate the action of braking torque, and at the same time prolong the time for the phase winding current to maintain the maximum effective value, increase the output power of the system, and reduce the torque ripple.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是开关磁阻电机系统的结构框图。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a switched reluctance motor system.
图2是传统三相不对称半桥功率变换器的电路拓扑结构。Figure 2 is the circuit topology of a traditional three-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter.
图3是三相不对称半桥功率变换器的工作状态(状态1)。Fig. 3 is the working state (state 1) of the three-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter.
图4是三相不对称半桥功率变换器的工作状态(状态0)。Fig. 4 is the working state (state 0) of the three-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter.
图5是三相不对称半桥功率变换器的工作状态(状态-1)。Fig. 5 is the working state (state-1) of the three-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter.
图6是本发明采用的双电源供电三电平功率变换器的电路拓扑结构。FIG. 6 is a circuit topology of a three-level power converter powered by dual power sources in the present invention.
图7是开关磁阻电机线性模型中相电感和转子位置角θ的关系曲线。Fig. 7 is the relationship curve between the phase inductance and the rotor position angle θ in the linear model of the switched reluctance motor.
图8是本发明采用的双电源供电三电平功率变换器-2电平的工作状态。Fig. 8 is the working state of the dual power supply three-level power converter adopted in the present invention - 2 levels.
图9是开关磁阻电机采用角度位置控制法时的相电流波形和续流斜率k对电流相电流波形的影响。Figure 9 shows the phase current waveform and the influence of freewheeling slope k on the current phase current waveform when the switched reluctance motor adopts the angle position control method.
具体实施方案specific implementation plan
下面结合具体实施方案和附图对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
如图1-2所示，开关磁阻电机调速系统的组成主要包括五个部分，开关磁阻电机、功率变换器、主控制单元、位置检测单元和电流检测单元，功率变换器用于给电机运行时提供能量。As shown in Figure 1-2, the composition of the switched reluctance motor speed control system mainly includes five parts, the switched reluctance motor, the power converter, the main control unit, the position detection unit and the current detection unit, and the power converter is used to feed the motor Provides energy while running.
开关磁阻电动机的功率变换器在开关磁阻电动机调速系统中所占的成本最高，一个好的开关磁阻电动机功率转换器应该使用尽可能少的开关器件来降低成本。The power converter of the switched reluctance motor occupies the highest cost in the speed control system of the switched reluctance motor. A good switched reluctance motor power converter should use as few switching devices as possible to reduce the cost.
在典型的开关磁阻电机系统中使用的功率变换器是不对称半桥功率变换器，根据上下桥臂的两个主开关器件的开通和关断的情况，每相可以有状态1、状态0和状态-1三种不同的运行状态。The power converter used in a typical switched reluctance motor system is an asymmetrical half-bridge power converter. According to the opening and closing of the two main switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms, each phase can have state 1 and state 0. and state-1 three different operating states.
如图3所示，状态1为上下桥臂的两个主开关器件同时处于导通状态的情况，电机处于励磁阶段，此时相绕组两端电压为直流电源电压US。As shown in Fig. 3, state 1 is the situation where the two main switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms are in the conduction state at the same time, and the motor is in the excitation stage. At this time, the voltage at both ends of the phase winding is the DC power supply voltage US .
如图4所示，状态0为上桥臂的主开关器件处于关断状态，下桥臂的主开关器件处于导通状态，此时相绕组两端电压为0，电机处于续流状态，相电流通过续流二极管和下桥臂的主开关器件进行续流。As shown in Figure 4, state 0 means that the main switching device of the upper bridge arm is in the off state, and the main switching device of the lower bridge arm is in the conducting state. At this time, the voltage across the phase winding is 0, and the motor is in the continuous current state. The current is freewheeling through the freewheeling diode and the main switching device of the lower bridge arm.
如图5所示，状态-1为上下桥臂的两个主开关器件同时处于关断状态的情况，此时相绕组两端电压为-Us，电机能量回馈电源，相电流通过两个续流二极管形成回路。As shown in Figure 5, State-1 is the case where the two main switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms are in the off state at the same time. At this time, the voltage at both ends of the phase winding is -Us , the motor energy is fed back to the power supply, and the phase current passes through two continuous Flow diodes form a loop.
因此，传统的开关磁阻电机功率变换器多采用不对称半桥功率变换器，为了得到较大的有效转矩，应尽量减小制动转矩，即状态-1时尽快使相绕组电流衰减到0。由于在不对称半桥功率变换器中励磁和续流阶段的电压值相同，不能进行单独调节，延长了制动转矩的作用时间，极大的影响了系统输出转矩的效果，达不到电机的额定功率。Therefore, traditional switched reluctance motor power converters mostly use asymmetrical half-bridge power converters. In order to obtain a larger effective torque, the braking torque should be reduced as much as possible, that is, the phase winding current should be attenuated as soon as possible when the state is -1. to 0. In the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, the excitation and freewheeling stages have the same voltage value, which cannot be adjusted separately, which prolongs the action time of the braking torque and greatly affects the effect of the system output torque. The rated power of the motor.
如图6所示，本发明提出一种双电源供电的三电平开关磁阻电机功率变换器，开关磁阻电机系统包括开关磁阻电机本体、功率变换器、控制器、位置检测单元和电流检测单元，其中功率变换器是系统能量的输入输出通道，所述的功率变换器为双电源供电三电平功率变换器。As shown in Figure 6, the present invention proposes a three-level switched reluctance motor power converter powered by dual power supplies. The switched reluctance motor system includes a switched reluctance motor body, a power converter, a controller, a position detection unit and a current The detection unit, wherein the power converter is the input and output channel of system energy, and the power converter is a three-level power converter powered by dual power supplies.
所述的双电源供电三电平功率变换器包括两个直流电源、开关磁阻电机各相绕组LA、LB、LC，一个滤波电容CS1，一个储能电容CS2，六个功率开关器件QAH、QAL、QBH、QBL、QCH、QCL，以及六个功率二极管DAH、DAL、DBH、DBL、DCH、DCL；两个直流电源采用交流电经桥式整流电路整流后获得，要求上直流电源电压大于下直流电源电压；滤波电容CS1与用于励磁的下直流电源并联；储能电容CS2接在双直流电源US1与US2之间。The dual power supply three-level power converter includes two DC power supplies, each phase winding LA , LB , LC of the switched reluctance motor, a filter capacitor CS1 , an energy storage capacitor CS2 , six power Switching devices QAH , QAL , QBH , QBL , QCH , QCL , and six power diodes DAH , DAL ,DBH , DBL , DCH , DCL ; Obtained after bridge rectification circuit rectification, the upper DC power supply voltage is required to be greater than the lower DC power supply voltage; the filter capacitor CS1 is connected in parallel with the lower DC power supply for excitation; the energy storage capacitor CS2 is connected between the dual DC power supplies US1 and US2 .
所述的双电源供电三电平功率变换器的六个功率开关器件QAH、QAL、QBH、QBL、QCH、QCL直接与三相开关磁阻电机绕组LA、LB、LC相连；功率开关器件QAH、QBH、QCH为上开关器件，功率开关器件QAL、QBL、QCL为下开关器件，三相开关磁阻电机绕组LA、LB、LC的上端分别接其中一个上开关器件的发射极，三相开关磁阻电机绕组LA、LB、LC的下端分别接其中一个下开关器件的集电极，三个下开关器件的发射极均接电源地；The six power switching devices QAH , QAL , QBH , QBL , QCH , QCL of the dual power supply three-level power converter are directly connected to the three-phase switched reluctance motor windings LA , LB , LC is connected; power switching devices QAH , QBH , QCH are upper switching devices, power switching devices QAL , QBL , QCL are lower switching devices, three-phase switched reluctance motor windings LA , LB , L The upper end ofC is respectively connected to the emitter of one of the upper switching devices, the lower ends of the three-phase switched reluctance motor windings LA , LB , and LC are respectively connected to the collector of one of the lower switching devices, and the emitters of the three lower switching devices All connected to the power ground;
所述的双电源供电三电平功率变换器的六个功率二极管DA1、DA2、DB3、DB4、DC5、DC6作为三相开关磁阻电机电机绕组LA、LB、LC的续流二极管；每相电机绕组分别使用两个续流二极管；其中一个续流二极管的阳极接电源地，阴极接与电机绕组连接的上开关器件的发射极和该相电机绕组的上端；另一个续流二极管的阳极接与电机绕组连接的下开关器件的集电极和该相电机绕组的下端，阴极接续流专用的上直流电源的阳极；The six power diodes DA1 , DA2 , DB3 , DB4 , DC5 , and DC6 of the dual power supply three-level power converter are used as the motor windings LA , LB , and L of the three-phase switched reluctance motor. The freewheeling diode ofC ; two freewheeling diodes are used for each phase motor winding; the anode of one of the freewheeling diodes is connected to the power ground, and the cathode is connected to the emitter of the upper switching device connected to the motor winding and the upper end of the phase motor winding; The anode of the other freewheeling diode is connected to the collector of the lower switching device connected to the motor winding and the lower end of the motor winding of this phase, and the cathode is connected to the anode of the upper DC power supply dedicated to freewheeling;
由于现有技术中通常采用不对称半桥功率变换器作为开关磁阻电机的功率变换器，其励磁阶段相绕组两端的电压值和相电流的大小成正比关系，励磁电压越大，相绕组最后的励磁电流就越大，启动转矩增加。Since the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter is usually used as the power converter of the switched reluctance motor in the prior art, the voltage value at both ends of the phase winding in the excitation phase is proportional to the magnitude of the phase current, the greater the excitation voltage, the last phase winding The greater the excitation current, the greater the starting torque.
如图7所示，为开关磁阻电机线性模型中相电感和转子位置角θ的关系曲线，若在电感上升区θ2≤θ＜θ3内通电，旋转电动势为正，产生电动转矩，电源提供的电能一部分转化为则以磁能的形式储存在绕组中；在最大电感为常数的区域θ3≤θ＜θ4内，旋转电动势为0，如果电流继续流动，绕组磁能仅反馈给电源，转轴上没有电磁转矩；若电流在电感下降区θ4≤θ＜θ5内流动，因旋转电动势为负，产生制动转矩，又称电流死区，实际运行时要尽量避免。开关磁阻电机调速系统运行时，一方面要实现快速励磁，提高相绕组电流最大有效值和延长相绕组电流维持最大有效值的时间，使得电机输出转矩尽量增大。但随着电流有效值的增大，传统不对称半桥功率变换器中励磁和续流阶段的电压值相同，不能进行单独调节，采用较大的相绕组电流将导致续流时间增加，使相电流进入电感下降区θ4≤θ＜θ5内，延长了制动转矩的作用时间，极大的影响了系统输出转矩的效果，达不到电机的额定功率。针对现有的不对称半桥功率变换器驱动的开关磁阻电机系统的不足，本发明提出了一种新型双电源供电的三电平功率变换器，本功率变换器采用双电源供电，且续流阶段供电的直流电源大于励磁阶段，可以减少退磁时间，实现快速退磁。As shown in Figure 7, it is the relationship curve between the phase inductance and the rotor position angle θ in the linear model of the switched reluctance motor. If power is applied in the inductance rising region θ2 ≤ θ < θ3 , the rotational electromotive force is positive, and the motor torque is generated. Part of the electric energy provided by the power supply is converted into magnetic energy and stored in the winding; in the region where the maximum inductance is constant θ3 ≤ θ < θ4 , the rotational electromotive force is 0, if the current continues to flow, the winding magnetic energy is only fed back to the power supply, There is no electromagnetic torque on the rotating shaft; if the current flows in the inductance drop zone θ4 ≤ θ < θ5 , because the rotation electromotive force is negative, a braking torque is generated, also known as the current dead zone, which should be avoided as much as possible during actual operation. When the switched reluctance motor speed control system is running, on the one hand, it is necessary to achieve rapid excitation, increase the maximum effective value of the phase winding current and prolong the time for the phase winding current to maintain the maximum effective value, so that the output torque of the motor can be increased as much as possible. However, with the increase of the effective value of the current, the voltage values in the excitation and freewheeling stages of the traditional asymmetrical half-bridge power converter are the same, and cannot be adjusted separately. Using a larger phase winding current will lead to an increase in the freewheeling time, making the phase The current enters the inductance drop zone θ4 ≤ θ < θ5 , which prolongs the action time of the braking torque, greatly affects the effect of the system output torque, and fails to reach the rated power of the motor. Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing switched reluctance motor system driven by asymmetrical half-bridge power converters, the present invention proposes a new three-level power converter powered by dual power supplies. The power converter uses dual power supplies for power supply, and continues The DC power supply in the current stage is larger than that in the excitation stage, which can reduce the demagnetization time and achieve fast demagnetization.
本发明采用的新型双电源供电的三电平功率变换器与不对称半桥功率变换器相比，多了一个上直流电源US2和一个储能电容CS2，没有增加功率变换电路元器件。该功率变换器有状态1、状态0和状态-2三种不同的工作状态，Compared with the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, the novel dual-power-supply three-level power converter adopted by the present invention has an additional upper DC power supply US2 and an energy storage capacitor CS2 , without adding power conversion circuit components. The power converter has three different working states of state 1, state 0 and state-2,
现以A相为例对其进行分析，详细说明如下：Taking Phase A as an example to analyze it, the details are as follows:
状态1为A相电机绕组的上下两个开关器件QAH、QAL均处于导通时的情况，其工作状态与不对称半桥功率变换器的状态1相同，电机处于励磁阶段，此时加到相绕组两端的电压为Us1。State 1 is the situation when the upper and lower switching devices QAH and QAL of the A-phase motor winding are both on, and its working state is the same as the state 1 of the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter. The voltage across the phase winding is Us1 .
状态0为A相电机绕组的上开关器件QAH关断，下开关器件QAL处于导通状态，此时相绕组通过续流二极管DA2进行续流，相绕组处于续流状态，绕组两端电压为零。State 0 means that the upper switching device QAH of the A-phase motor winding is turned off, and the lower switching device QAL is in the conducting state. At this time, the phase winding conducts freewheeling through the freewheeling diode DA2 , and the phase winding is in the freewheeling state. Both ends of the winding The voltage is zero.
如图8所示，状态-2为上下两个功率开关器件QAH、QAL均处于关断时的情况，此时相绕组通过DA1、DA2续流，同时对储能电容CS2进行充电，绕组两端的电压为-US2，比采用不对称半桥功率变换器的状态-1，使相电流更迅速地衰减到0，消除了制动转矩。As shown in Figure 8, state-2 is the situation when the upper and lower power switching devices QAH and QAL are both turned off. At this time, the phase winding is freewheeling through DA1 and DA2 , and at the same time, the energy storage capacitor CS2 is Charging, the voltage at both ends of the winding is -US2 , which makes the phase current decay to 0 more quickly than the state -1 of the asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, eliminating the braking torque.
本发明在开关磁阻电机系统中采用三电平功率变换器，实现快速退磁，增加了系统的输出功率，其工作过程为：当开关磁阻电机系统启动时(电感处于不对其位置附近)，采用状态1方式，使欲导通相的上下开关器件导通(QAH、QAL导通)，US1施加到电机欲导通相绕组上，相电流快速上升。低速时，当电流达到斩波上限幅值时，关断上开关器件QAH，电路工作在状态0，使相绕组电流不在上升，通过零电压续流方式使电流下降，当电流下降后，再次使QAH导通，即通过状态1和状态0的交替工作，实现电流斩波控制。高速时，采用角度位置控制方式，随着转速的增加，开通角、关断角逐渐前移，该相关断时采用状态-2续流，即关断QAH、QAL，-US2加到该相绕组上，使相电流迅速下降，避免相电流在电感下降区产生制动转矩。The invention adopts a three-level power converter in the switched reluctance motor system to realize rapid demagnetization and increase the output power of the system. The state 1 method is adopted to make the upper and lower switching devices of the phase to be turned on (QAH and QAL are turned on), US1 is applied to the winding of the phase to be turned on of the motor, and the phase current rises rapidly. At low speed, when the current reaches the upper limit of chopping, the upper switching device QAH is turned off, the circuit works in state 0, so that the current of the phase winding does not rise, and the current drops through the zero-voltage freewheeling method. Make QAH conduction, that is, through the alternate work of state 1 and state 0, the current chopping control is realized. At high speed, the angle position control method is adopted. With the increase of the speed, the on-angle and off-angle gradually move forward. When the relevant off-time, the state-2 freewheeling is adopted, that is, QAH and QAL are turned off, and -US2 is added to On the phase winding, the phase current drops rapidly, avoiding the braking torque generated by the phase current in the inductance drop zone.
实施例1：Example 1:
选用6/4极开关磁阻电机调速系统作为应用对象。两个直流电源由单相220V交流经稳压变压器后接桥式整流电路后获得，整流电路后接调压器，调节调压器使得下电源电压为100V，上电源电压根据运行情况具体调节；本实例使用光电式位置传感器(由三个槽型光耦和一个圆盘组成)来检测电机转子运行位置；使用霍尔电流传感器元件采样法来进行电流检测，在双电源供电的三电平功率变换器三相出线处分别接一个霍尔电流传感器；主控制单元采用DSP，DSP上接有三相功率变换器驱动信号、电流检测信号、三相位置检测信号和DSP自身供电3.3V。6/4极开关磁阻电机调速系统在续流阶段使用状态-2，调节调压器使得上电源电压为180V。The 6/4-pole switched reluctance motor speed control system is selected as the application object. The two DC power supplies are obtained from a single-phase 220V AC through a voltage stabilizing transformer followed by a bridge rectifier circuit. The rectifier circuit is connected with a voltage regulator. Adjust the voltage regulator so that the voltage of the lower power supply is 100V, and the voltage of the upper power supply is adjusted according to the operating conditions; This example uses a photoelectric position sensor (composed of three slot-type optocouplers and a disc) to detect the running position of the motor rotor; uses the sampling method of the Hall current sensor element to detect the current. A Hall current sensor is connected to the three-phase outlets of the converter; the main control unit adopts DSP, and the DSP is connected with the three-phase power converter drive signal, current detection signal, three-phase position detection signal and DSP's own power supply 3.3V. The 6/4-pole switched reluctance motor speed control system uses state-2 in the freewheeling phase, and adjusts the voltage regulator so that the upper power supply voltage is 180V.
如图9所示，图为开关磁阻电机采用角度位置控制法时的相电流波形和续流斜率k对电流相电流波形的影响。由图可见，使用本发明可以使相电流快速降为零，实现快速退磁，消除制动转矩的作用，增大系统的输出功率，降低了转矩脉动。As shown in Figure 9, the figure shows the phase current waveform and the influence of the freewheeling slope k on the current phase current waveform when the switched reluctance motor adopts the angular position control method. It can be seen from the figure that the phase current can be quickly reduced to zero by using the present invention, realizing rapid demagnetization, eliminating the effect of braking torque, increasing the output power of the system, and reducing torque ripple.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410310736.9ACN105322838A (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2014-07-01 | Three-level motor power converter for realizing rapid demagnetization |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410310736.9ACN105322838A (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2014-07-01 | Three-level motor power converter for realizing rapid demagnetization |
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| CN105322838Atrue CN105322838A (en) | 2016-02-10 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410310736.9APendingCN105322838A (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2014-07-01 | Three-level motor power converter for realizing rapid demagnetization |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20160210 |