技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种压电振动能量收集器，特别涉及一种可将多方向的振动能量转化成电能的能量收集器。The invention relates to a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester, in particular to an energy harvester capable of converting multi-directional vibration energy into electrical energy.
背景技术Background technique
能量收集器是采集周围环境中释放的微能量，并将其转化为电能的装置。与传统的供能方式，如集中供电，电池供电方式相比，能量收集装置不受连接线的限制，且无需频繁更换。这些特点，使得能量收集装置在无线传感网络、微电机系统和个人移动设备等微小机电系统有广泛的运用前景。这些系统能量消耗低，但要求使用时间长，并且一般无法使用电力线进行供电，而电池供能方式存在体积大，寿命短，需要频繁更换等缺点。因此，能量收集装置理论上能够有效解决以上这些系统的供能问题。同时能量收集器有助于能量的循环利用，减少能量的浪费。An energy harvester is a device that collects the micro energy released in the surrounding environment and converts it into electrical energy. Compared with traditional energy supply methods, such as centralized power supply and battery power supply, the energy harvesting device is not limited by connecting wires and does not need to be replaced frequently. These characteristics make energy harvesting devices have broad application prospects in micro-electromechanical systems such as wireless sensor networks, micro-electromechanical systems, and personal mobile devices. These systems have low energy consumption, but require a long time to use, and generally cannot use power lines for power supply, while the battery power supply method has the disadvantages of large size, short life, and frequent replacement. Therefore, the energy harvesting device can effectively solve the energy supply problems of the above systems in theory. At the same time, the energy harvester contributes to energy recycling and reduces energy waste.
目前压电振动能量收集器大多采用带有质量的悬臂梁结构，利用周围环境的振动激励使得悬臂梁发生谐振，并由此带动内部压电材料的形状发生改变，产生机械应变，由于材料的压电效应，其应变能转化为电能。然而，目前的振动能量收集装置往往只能敏感某个固定方向的振动，而在实际情况中，振动源的振动往往是多向的。同时，实际应用中振动源通常都具有一定带宽的频带，当收集器的自振频率与振动源的频带有重合部分时，便会共振发生现象，此时能量收集的效率最高。因此，如何拓宽能量收集器的自振频率带宽是研究能量收集器的主要课题之一。At present, most piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters adopt a cantilever beam structure with mass. The vibration excitation of the surrounding environment makes the cantilever beam resonate, and thus drives the shape of the internal piezoelectric material to change, resulting in mechanical strain. Due to the compression of the material Electric effect, the strain energy is converted into electrical energy. However, current vibration energy harvesting devices are often only sensitive to vibrations in a certain fixed direction, but in actual situations, the vibrations of vibration sources are often multi-directional. At the same time, in practical applications, the vibration source usually has a frequency band with a certain bandwidth. When the natural vibration frequency of the collector overlaps with the frequency band of the vibration source, resonance will occur, and the efficiency of energy collection is the highest at this time. Therefore, how to broaden the natural frequency bandwidth of the energy harvester is one of the main topics in the study of the energy harvester.
专利CN101340160B提出一种基于压电材料的多方向振动能量收集装置，此装置虽然可以收集多个方向的振动，但由于只采用了一个质量块，能量收集器的自振频率单一，当振动源的振动频带与能量收集器的自振频率无重合部分时，能量收集效率较低。专利CN203951386U提出一种宽频带微型压电振动能量收集器，此能量收集装置虽然有较宽频段的自振频率，但只能收集一个方向的振动。Patent CN101340160B proposes a multi-directional vibration energy harvesting device based on piezoelectric materials. Although this device can collect vibrations in multiple directions, since only one mass block is used, the natural frequency of the energy harvester is single. When the vibration source When the vibration frequency band does not overlap with the natural frequency of the energy harvester, the energy harvesting efficiency is low. Patent CN203951386U proposes a broadband micro-piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. Although this energy harvesting device has a natural vibration frequency in a wide frequency band, it can only collect vibration in one direction.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决振动现有能量收集装置存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供一种结构简单、自振频率宽的多方向压电振动能量收集器。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in existing vibration energy harvesting devices, the present invention provides a multi-directional piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with simple structure and wide natural vibration frequency.
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：包括环型支架、悬臂梁、压电层、质量块、弹簧、底座，所述的环型支架置于底座上，环型支架内对称设有三组悬臂梁，悬臂梁一端固定于环型支架上，另一端与质量块相连，三个质量块两两之间用弹簧相连；悬臂梁的表面设有压电层，所述的环型支架通过底座与振动源相连。The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: comprising a ring-shaped support, a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric layer, a mass block, a spring, and a base. One end of the cantilever beam is fixed on the ring-shaped support, the other end is connected with the mass block, and the three mass blocks are connected by springs; the surface of the cantilever beam is provided with a piezoelectric layer, and the ring-shaped support is connected to the base through the base. The vibration source is connected.
上述的多方向压电振动能量收集器中，所述的环型支架上有标注角度的刻度，所述的底座上安装有指针，所述的环型支架可以在底座上转动。In the above-mentioned multi-directional piezoelectric vibration energy harvester, the ring-shaped bracket has a scale marked with an angle, and a pointer is installed on the base, and the ring-shaped bracket can rotate on the base.
上述的多方向压电振动能量收集器中，所述的悬臂梁的两面都设有压电层。In the above-mentioned multi-directional piezoelectric vibration energy harvester, piezoelectric layers are provided on both sides of the cantilever beam.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明在环型支架内对称设有三组悬臂梁，能够收集一个平面上各个方向的振动能量，并且拥有较宽频段的自振频率；三个质量块之间的振动相互耦合，在平面内的任何方向的外界振动，都会激发三个质量块的振动，因此，本发明能够更加有效的吸收不同方向的振动能量。同时，所述的能量收集器在不同的方向，自振频率不同，因此，对于单一方向的外界振动源，可以调节环型支架与底座的安装角度，使得能量收集器的自振频率与振动源的频带重合度最大，以获取最大的振动能量。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is symmetrically provided with three sets of cantilever beams in the ring-shaped support, which can collect vibration energy in all directions on a plane, and has a wide frequency band of natural vibration frequency; the vibration between the three mass blocks Mutual coupling, external vibration in any direction in the plane will excite the vibration of the three mass blocks, therefore, the present invention can more effectively absorb vibration energy in different directions. At the same time, the natural vibration frequency of the energy harvester is different in different directions. Therefore, for an external vibration source in a single direction, the installation angle between the ring bracket and the base can be adjusted so that the natural vibration frequency of the energy harvester is the same as that of the vibration source. The frequency band overlap is the largest to obtain the maximum vibration energy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例1的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例2的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
在图中，1. 环型支架2. 悬臂梁3. 压电层4. 质量块 51. 弹簧 52. 簧片 6. 底座 7. 刻度 8. 指针。In the figure, 1. Ring support 2. Cantilever beam 3. Piezoelectric layer 4. Mass 51. Spring 52. Reed 6. Base 7. Scale 8. Pointer.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1所示，本发明包括：环型支架1、悬臂梁2、压电层3、质量块4、弹簧51、簧片52、底座6。环型支架1置于底座6上，环型支架1可以在底座6上转动，底座6上安装有指针8，环型支架1设有刻度7，在所述的环型支架1上固定着三组悬臂梁2，在所述的每组悬臂梁2的自由端固定有一个质量块4，三个质量块4与三组悬臂梁2一一对应。所述的悬臂梁2的表面上设置有压电层3，可在所述悬臂梁2的单个表面设置压电层3，也可以在悬臂梁2的两面都设置所述的压电层3。在所述的三个质量块4之间，用弹簧51两两相互连接，使得三组质量块悬臂梁系统相互耦合。所述的环型支架1通过底座6与振动源相连。As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention includes: a ring support 1 , a cantilever beam 2 , a piezoelectric layer 3 , a mass 4 , a spring 51 , a reed 52 , and a base 6 . The ring-shaped support 1 is placed on the base 6, the ring-shaped support 1 can rotate on the base 6, the base 6 is equipped with a pointer 8, the ring-shaped support 1 is provided with a scale 7, and the ring-shaped support 1 is fixed with three A set of cantilever beams 2, a mass block 4 is fixed at the free end of each set of cantilever beams 2, and three mass blocks 4 correspond to the three sets of cantilever beams 2 one by one. The piezoelectric layer 3 is arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam 2 , the piezoelectric layer 3 can be arranged on a single surface of the cantilever beam 2 , or the piezoelectric layer 3 can be arranged on both sides of the cantilever beam 2 . Between the three mass blocks 4, two pairs of springs 51 are used to connect each other, so that the three groups of mass block cantilever beam systems are coupled to each other. The ring-shaped support 1 is connected with the vibration source through the base 6 .
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述的三个质量块4之间采用有具有弹性的弹簧片52连接。此时，所述的环型支架1、悬臂梁2、质量块4和弹簧片52所组成的振动系统可以采用金属切削完成，无需组装过程，适合批量生产。As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the three mass blocks 4 are connected by elastic spring pieces 52 . At this time, the vibration system composed of the ring support 1 , the cantilever beam 2 , the mass block 4 and the spring leaf 52 can be completed by metal cutting without assembly process and is suitable for mass production.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510850660.3ACN105305882B (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A kind of multi-direction piezoelectric vibration energy collector |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510850660.3ACN105305882B (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A kind of multi-direction piezoelectric vibration energy collector |
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| CN105305882A CN105305882A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105305882Btrue CN105305882B (en) | 2018-02-16 |
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| CN201510850660.3AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105305882B (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A kind of multi-direction piezoelectric vibration energy collector |
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