技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种射频识别标签。特别是涉及一种接收信号采用可见光通信模式，发射信号采用射频反向散射调制模式的利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签。The invention relates to a radio frequency identification tag. In particular, it relates to a passive radio frequency identification tag using visible light communication that adopts visible light communication mode for receiving signals and adopts radio frequency backscatter modulation mode for transmitting signals.
背景技术Background technique
随着RFID(RadioFrequencyIdentification，射频识别)技术的发展，RFID电子标签逐渐应用到识别技术领域中，RFID电子标签主要由标签芯片、读写器、数据传输和处理系统三部分组成。RFID电子标签具有抗干扰能力强、信息量大、非视觉范围读写、寿命长和种类多等优点。With the development of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, radio frequency identification) technology, RFID electronic tags are gradually applied to the field of identification technology. RFID electronic tags are mainly composed of three parts: tag chip, reader, data transmission and processing system. RFID electronic tags have the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, large amount of information, non-visual reading and writing, long life and many types.
上述现有RFID技术至少存在以下缺点和不足：1、普通无源RFID标签需要发射功率很大的读写器为标签提供能量，因此普通无源RFID标签电磁辐射大、抗干扰能力差、安全性差、长期使用对人体有害。2、由于上述缺点，普通无源RFID标签只能使用1-2个RFID工作频段，不能应用到大多数RFID工作频段。3、难以单片集成。The above-mentioned existing RFID technology has at least the following shortcomings and deficiencies: 1. Common passive RFID tags require a reader with a high transmission power to provide energy for the tags, so common passive RFID tags have large electromagnetic radiation, poor anti-interference ability, and poor security , Long-term use is harmful to the human body. 2. Due to the above shortcomings, ordinary passive RFID tags can only use 1-2 RFID working frequency bands, and cannot be applied to most RFID working frequency bands. 3. Difficult to monolithic integration.
新兴的可见光通信(VLC：VisibleLightCommunication)技术，其发射级采用照明电源传递数据调制的光信号，接收级采用光探测器和光接收机解调光信号得到传递的数据。可见光通信对人体无害已初步应用于室内通信。利用可见光通信原理也可以制作成无源标签，在读写器端，利用可见光发射机的光源为标签提供调制数据和能量，但是标签回传给读写器需要一个发光二极管(LED)和相应的驱动电路，功耗较大，不利于标签无源工作。In the emerging visible light communication (VLC: VisibleLightCommunication) technology, the transmitting stage uses a lighting power supply to transmit a data-modulated optical signal, and the receiving stage uses a photodetector and an optical receiver to demodulate the optical signal to obtain the transmitted data. Visible light communication is harmless to the human body and has been initially applied to indoor communication. The principle of visible light communication can also be used to make passive tags. On the reader side, the light source of the visible light transmitter is used to provide modulated data and energy for the tag, but the tag needs a light-emitting diode (LED) and corresponding The drive circuit consumes a lot of power, which is not conducive to the passive work of the tag.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种标签的接收信号采用光通信模式，发射信号采用射频反向散射调制模式的利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a passive radio frequency identification tag using visible light communication in which the receiving signal of the label adopts the optical communication mode, and the transmitting signal adopts the radio frequency backscatter modulation mode.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签，包括有依次连接的光接收机、判决电路、数字基带、数控开关和射频反向散射调制电路，所述的数字基带还连接存储器，还设置有用于向所述的光接收机、判决电路、数字基带、存储器、数控开关和射频反向散射调制电路提供稳定的电源电压的电源管理电路，所述射频反向散射调制电路的输出端连接射频天线，所述电源管理电路的电源输入端连接光电池，所述光电池的输出端还通过电容连接光接收机。The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a passive radio frequency identification tag using visible light communication, including an optical receiver, a judgment circuit, a digital baseband, a numerical control switch and a radio frequency backscatter modulation circuit connected in sequence, the digital The baseband is also connected to the memory, and is also provided with a power management circuit for providing a stable power supply voltage to the optical receiver, the decision circuit, the digital baseband, the memory, the digital control switch and the radio frequency backscatter modulation circuit, and the radio frequency backscatter The output terminal of the modulation circuit is connected to the radio frequency antenna, the power input terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the photocell, and the output terminal of the photocell is also connected to the optical receiver through a capacitor.
所述光电池采用外置分离太阳能电池。The photovoltaic cell adopts an external separated solar cell.
所述太阳能电池的材料采用多晶硅或单晶硅或砷化镓。The material of the solar cell is polycrystalline silicon or monocrystalline silicon or gallium arsenide.
所述的射频天线采用圆形螺旋结构天线。The radio frequency antenna adopts a circular spiral structure antenna.
本发明的一种利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签，标签的接收信号采用光通信模式，发射信号采用射频反向散射调制模式。用可见光通信发射机的光源为标签提供能量，有效克服普通无源射频标签电磁辐射大，对人体有害的缺点；发射级使用所述射频反向调制和射频天线，能克服可见光通信发射级功耗大、LED难以集成的缺点。同时标签整体功耗的减小进一步减小，提高标签芯片集成度。In the passive radio frequency identification tag using visible light communication of the present invention, the receiving signal of the tag adopts the optical communication mode, and the transmitting signal adopts the radio frequency backscattering modulation mode. The light source of the visible light communication transmitter is used to provide energy for the label, which effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the common passive radio frequency label, which has large electromagnetic radiation and is harmful to the human body; the transmitting stage uses the radio frequency reverse modulation and radio frequency antenna, which can overcome the power consumption of the visible light communication transmitting stage Large, LED is difficult to integrate shortcomings. At the same time, the reduction of the overall power consumption of the tag is further reduced, and the integration degree of the tag chip is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的无源射频识别标签构成框图；Fig. 1 is a block diagram of passive radio frequency identification tag of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施提供的标签实物结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of the label provided by the implementation of the present invention.
图中in the picture
1：光电池2：电源管理电路1: photocell 2: power management circuit
3：电容4：光接收机3: capacitor 4: optical receiver
5：判决电路6：数字基带5: Judgment circuit 6: Digital baseband
7：存储器8：数控开关7: Memory 8: CNC switch
9：射频反向散射调制电路10：射频天线9: RF backscatter modulation circuit 10: RF antenna
11：标签芯片11: Label chip
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明的一种利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签做出详细说明。A passive radio frequency identification tag using visible light communication according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings.
本发明的一种利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签，接收信号采用光通信模式，发射信号采用射频反向散射调制模式。实施本发明可以解决常规RFID电磁辐射大、可能对人体产生伤害的缺点，使RFID可以应用在在某些人群密集的地方比如超市和医院，还可以在室内使用。A passive radio frequency identification tag utilizing visible light communication of the present invention adopts an optical communication mode for receiving signals, and adopts a radio frequency backscattering modulation mode for transmitting signals. The implementation of the present invention can solve the disadvantages of conventional RFID that the electromagnetic radiation is large and may cause harm to the human body, so that RFID can be used in certain crowded places such as supermarkets and hospitals, and can also be used indoors.
可见光通信技术的诞生，以其对人眼无害的可见光波段、不存在电磁辐射、没有通信盲区、方便快捷、适合信息安全领域应用等优点为解决普通RFID的诸多缺点提供了新的思路，但可见光通信具有发射级功耗大、LED不能集成的缺点，为了更好的利用RFID和可见光通信的优点，同时克服RFID和可见光通信的诸多缺点，故本发明将RFID技术和可见光通信技术相结合，实施例提供了一种利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签。The birth of visible light communication technology provides a new idea to solve many shortcomings of ordinary RFID with its advantages of harmless visible light band, no electromagnetic radiation, no communication blind zone, convenience and speed, and suitable for information security applications. Visible light communication has the disadvantages of high power consumption at the transmitter level and LEDs cannot be integrated. In order to better utilize the advantages of RFID and visible light communication and overcome many shortcomings of RFID and visible light communication, the present invention combines RFID technology and visible light communication technology. Embodiments provide a passive radio frequency identification tag utilizing visible light communication.
如图1所示，本发明的一种利用可见光通信的无源射频识别标签，包括有依次连接的光接收机4、判决电路5、数字基带6、数控开关8和射频反向散射调制电路9，所述的数字基带6还连接存储器7，还设置有用于向所述的光接收机4、判决电路5、数字基带6、存储器7、数控开关8和射频反向散射调制电路9提供稳定的电源电压的电源管理电路2，所述射频反向散射调制电路9的输出端连接射频天线10，所述电源管理电路2的电源输入端连接光电池1，所述光电池1的输出端还通过电容3连接光接收机4。其中，所述光电池1采用外置分离太阳能电池。所述太阳能电池的材料采用多晶硅或单晶硅或砷化镓。所述射频天线10可采用圆形螺旋结构天线。As shown in Figure 1, a passive radio frequency identification tag using visible light communication according to the present invention includes an optical receiver 4, a decision circuit 5, a digital baseband 6, a digital control switch 8 and a radio frequency backscatter modulation circuit 9 connected in sequence , the digital baseband 6 is also connected to the memory 7, and is also provided with a stable signal for the optical receiver 4, the decision circuit 5, the digital baseband 6, the memory 7, the digital control switch 8 and the radio frequency backscatter modulation circuit 9. The power management circuit 2 of the power supply voltage, the output terminal of the radio frequency backscatter modulation circuit 9 is connected to the radio frequency antenna 10, the power input terminal of the power management circuit 2 is connected to the photocell 1, and the output terminal of the photocell 1 is also passed through the capacitor 3 Connect the optical receiver 4. Wherein, the photovoltaic cell 1 adopts an external separated solar cell. The material of the solar cell is polycrystalline silicon or monocrystalline silicon or gallium arsenide. The radio frequency antenna 10 may adopt a circular helical structure antenna.
本发明中，为了控制整体可见光通信无源射频识别标签的体积以提高集成度，太阳能电池在满足为整体标签稳定供电的前提下，尽量选取尺寸最小的太阳能电池，例如：30mm×30mm×5mm的单晶硅太阳能电池，10mm×10mm×2mm的砷化镓太阳能电池等。In the present invention, in order to control the volume of the overall visible light communication passive radio frequency identification tag to improve the integration degree, the solar cell should be selected with the smallest size as far as possible under the premise of satisfying the stable power supply for the overall tag, for example: 30mm×30mm×5mm Monocrystalline silicon solar cells, 10mm×10mm×2mm gallium arsenide solar cells, etc.
通过上述太阳能电池的选取，当接收到携有光信号的可见光照时，一方面太阳能电池将光能转化成电能输入到电源管理系统，电源管理系统采用CMOS工艺集成到标签芯片中，其功能不仅在于将太阳能电池输入的不稳定的电源电压，转化成稳定的电源电压并有效、合理、稳定的为标签芯片内部各个模块提供能量。同时电源管理系统也包含与之相匹配的电源存储模块，用于在接受弱光信号时为标签芯片提供稳定的电源。另一方面，太阳能电池光信号转化成电信号输入给电容，由于电容具有去直通交的特性，可以通过合理的选取电容以将获得太阳能电池输出中的交流电信号并将其输入到光接收机中，实现可见光信号到电信号的转化过程。Through the selection of the above solar cells, when receiving visible light with light signals, on the one hand, the solar cells convert light energy into electrical energy and input it to the power management system. The power management system is integrated into the label chip using CMOS technology. It is to convert the unstable power supply voltage input by the solar cell into a stable power supply voltage and effectively, reasonably and stably provide energy for each module inside the tag chip. At the same time, the power management system also includes a matching power storage module, which is used to provide stable power for the tag chip when receiving weak light signals. On the other hand, the optical signal of the solar cell is converted into an electrical signal and input to the capacitor. Since the capacitor has the characteristic of direct communication, the AC signal in the output of the solar cell can be obtained by reasonable selection of the capacitor and input to the optical receiver. In the process, the conversion process of visible light signal to electrical signal is realized.
进一步地，光接收机采用传统可见光通信中光接收机模块，实现将微弱的电流信号转化成电压信号并将其放大，最终转化成数字信号输入到判决模块。Furthermore, the optical receiver adopts the optical receiver module in the traditional visible light communication to realize the conversion of the weak current signal into a voltage signal and amplify it, and finally convert it into a digital signal and input it to the decision module.
进一步地，采用传统RFID技术，通过判决、数字基带、存储器、数控开关模块对光接收机输出的数字信号进行相应的处理和存储。Furthermore, the traditional RFID technology is adopted to process and store the digital signal output by the optical receiver through the judgment, digital baseband, memory, and numerically controlled switch modules.
进一步地，为了减小标签的功耗以及提高标签芯片的集成度，采用射频反向散射调制技术及相应电路对处理后的数字信号进行射频调制并通过位置射频天线将调制后的射频信号发射出去，最终完成将可见光信号转化成射频输出信号这一过程。Further, in order to reduce the power consumption of the tag and improve the integration of the tag chip, the RF backscatter modulation technology and corresponding circuits are used to perform RF modulation on the processed digital signal and transmit the modulated RF signal through the position RF antenna. , and finally complete the process of converting the visible light signal into a radio frequency output signal.
参考图2，为了更全面的说明本发明，实施例提供了一种上述可见光通信无源射频识别标签具体实现时的实物结构方案。该实物结构包括：射频天线10、光电池1、标签芯片11。为了尽可能的提高标签的集成度，减小标签的面积，射频天线可采用圆形螺旋结构天线，将光电池放置在圆形螺旋结构天线内部，标签芯片则黏贴在圆形螺旋结构天线上。Referring to FIG. 2 , in order to describe the present invention more comprehensively, the embodiment provides a physical structure solution for the specific implementation of the above-mentioned passive radio frequency identification tag for visible light communication. The physical structure includes: a radio frequency antenna 10 , a photovoltaic cell 1 , and a tag chip 11 . In order to improve the integration of the tag as much as possible and reduce the area of the tag, the radio frequency antenna can use a circular spiral structure antenna, the photocell is placed inside the circular spiral structure antenna, and the tag chip is pasted on the circular spiral structure antenna.
实施本发明可以使无源RFID工作在有源RFID的工作频段和其他开放频段，比如2.45GHz、5.8GHz、60GHz等，这些频段对读写器和标签射频发射功率有严格限制，本发明标签供电来自光能量，无需大功率的射频发射机，所以可以扩大无源RFID的使用频率，从而增加应用范围。降低发射功率也降低了发射机成本，使用更高的频率可以减少天线尺寸从而降低标签的尺寸，使无源RFID标签可以附加在更小型的物体上，比如首饰、器件、微型精密机器等。Implementing the present invention can make the passive RFID work in the working frequency band of the active RFID and other open frequency bands, such as 2.45GHz, 5.8GHz, 60GHz, etc. These frequency bands have strict restrictions on the radio frequency transmission power of the reader and tag, and the power supply of the tag of the present invention From light energy, no high-power radio frequency transmitter is needed, so the frequency of use of passive RFID can be expanded, thereby increasing the application range. Reducing the transmission power also reduces the cost of the transmitter. The use of higher frequencies can reduce the size of the antenna and thus reduce the size of the tag, so that passive RFID tags can be attached to smaller objects, such as jewelry, devices, and micro precision machines.
本领域技术人员可以理解附图只是一个优选实施例的示意图，上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。Those skilled in the art can understand that the accompanying drawing is only a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, and the serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are for description only, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510732786.0ACN105279544B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | It is a kind of to utilize the passive radio-frequency identification labeled of visible light communication |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510732786.0ACN105279544B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | It is a kind of to utilize the passive radio-frequency identification labeled of visible light communication |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105279544Atrue CN105279544A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| CN105279544B CN105279544B (en) | 2018-05-04 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510732786.0AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105279544B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | It is a kind of to utilize the passive radio-frequency identification labeled of visible light communication |
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| CN (1) | CN105279544B (en) |
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| US10496857B2 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2019-12-03 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Apparatus and method for avoiding cross-reading of RFID using visible light recognition |
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