Auscultation mode switches automatic detection digital stethoscope and auscultation mode switching detection methodTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stethoscope, especially a kind of digital stethoscope of auscultation mode switching automatic detection.
Background technology
Stethoscope is the most frequently used diagnosis utensil of inside and outside Gynecology ＆ Pediatrics Dept. doctor, be the mark of doctor, is widely used in the heart, lung is listenedExamine.Stethoscope be used for before 200 years it is clinical since, basic structure change is little, main to include being used for and human contact's detection soundBody part, sound conduction part and the audition part of sound, but stethoscopic performance and occupation mode have very big change.InitiallyAcoustic stethoscope from simple wooden monaural receiver；Develop into the ears acoustic stethoscope of hose conduction sound；Body part hasBell（Low frequency lungs sound）, bellows（Heart high frequency audio）Form.But one of limitation of acoustic stethoscope is to transmit leading for soundPipe cannot be made very long, and typically at 50 centimetres, the catheter length that top product transmits sound can be to 58 centimetres, conduit pairThe position of auscultation measurement doctor has very big limitation.Under the promotion of sound transducer and electronic technology, there is simulation electronicStethoscope, bigger signal amplification factor can be obtained than acoustic stethoscope, and make the biography of auscultatory sound by wire and earphoneDefeated distance has very big change.Shortcoming be electronic auscultation speech simulation processing can not effectively handle patient's cough, position chanP,The noise that environment etc. is brought, this noise may be converted into the very big signal of energy in the stethoscopic earphone of simulation electronic, makeThe medical worker of measurement is very uncomfortable, or even the hearing of injury medical worker, and compares acoustics in simulation electronic stethoscope priceStethoscope is much higher, therefore is not popularized.
Have in the dedicated digital signal processor of voice signal under significant progress, stethoscopic latest developments are severalWord stethoscope.Electricity different with previous simulation electronic stethoscope, that digital stethoscope obtains to sound transducer conversion auscultatory soundSignal has carried out the processing such as quantization, filtering and pattern-recognition.Particularly pattern-recognition, can differentiate clothes friction, patient cough,The ambient noises such as unexpected impact stethoscope piece, and effectively suppress, effective Digital Signal Processing can make more than 80% environmentNoise is suppressed, 24 times effective amplification, etc., so that the stethoscopic signal amplification factor of electronization is big, is transmitted remote（BaseThis is unrestricted）Etc. it is excellent the characteristics of played.
But Contemporary Digital stethoscope still Shortcomings.One of deficiency is to need the healthcare givers that operates root in the applicationSwitch heart sound/lungs sound pattern by hand according to the purpose of measurement.Because current digital stethoscope all uses single bellows bodyPart structure.Using single bellows body part design for the weight of reduction digital stethoscope, it is very convenient to simplify sensor maintenance, but bellows body part is relatively specific for the auscultation of heart, therefore when digital stethoscope is used for auscultation of lung, user needsAdjust electrostethoscope mode button, and by stethoscopic display come show current demand signal handle pattern be " lungs sound mouldFormula ", in use the appropriate auscultation position that body part is firmly pressed in patient realize the auscultation of lung, it is impossible in the measurement of the heart/lungBetween arbitrarily switch, use is not very convenient.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of auscultation mode switches automatic detection numberWord stethoscope and auscultation mode switching detection method, designed by using double end body part, coordinate specially designed pattern detector,So as to realize the automation of the heart/lung auscultation；In the application, medical worker only needs to apply that as traditional binary part is stethoscopicSample by stethoscope sound output aperture rotate turn to auscultation measurement body part, can to realize the automatic switchover of measurement pattern, so as toEliminate the extra operation of pattern switching in digital stethoscope application.The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of auscultation mode switching automatic detection digital stethoscope, including double end body part, bell receiver, stethoscope sound are defeatedPortal, bellows, sound transducer；
Bell receiver and bellows set up relative both sides on double end body part separately；Stethoscope sound output aperture is arranged on double end bodyIn part, and it can rotate；When stethoscope sound output aperture rotates, the sound import of front end can be respectively aligned to bell receiver or filmBox；Sound transducer is located at the tail end of stethoscope sound output aperture, for detecting auscultatory sound；
It is mainly theed improvement is that, in addition to an auscultation pattern detector, and auscultation mode detector is arranged on stethoscopeOn the outer wall of sound output aperture hole, the direction of auscultation mode detector, towards unanimously, is used with the import of stethoscope sound output aperture soundIn detect and identify digital stethoscope set auscultation mode；
Auscultation mode detector and sound transducer pass through cable connection digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit.
Further, the auscultation mode detector uses eddy current sensor；Bell receiver and bellows pass relative to vortexSensor spacing is different, and bell receiver and bellows are metal material；The eddy current sensor is connected in an oscillating circuit；According toAccording to the amplitude and phase identification eddy current sensor of eddy current sensor internal oscillation signal with respect to bell receiver or bellows, so as to correspondingIdentify that the auscultation mode that digital stethoscope is set is lungs sound pattern or heart sound pattern.
A kind of auscultation mode switching detection method of digital stethoscope, comprises the steps：
Step S1, be arranged on using one after stethoscope sound output aperture on sector hole outer wall and with stethoscope sound output apertureSound import towards consistent auscultation mode detector, detect auscultation mode detector and direction bell receiver or bellows away fromFrom；And judge that the auscultation mode of digital stethoscope current setting is lungs sound pattern or heart sound pattern according to the distance of distance；
Step S2, the patient for being detected according to sound transducer and returning to digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit listenRhonchus signal, according to the frequecy characteristic included in auscultation sound signal, use pattern represented by determination frequency feature whether with numberThe auscultation mode of word stethoscope current setting is consistent；And provide corresponding prompting.
Further, in step S1, auscultation mode detector uses eddy current sensor, and the eddy current sensor is connected to oneIn oscillating circuit；Amplitude and phase identification eddy current sensor according to eddy current sensor internal oscillation signal with respect to bell receiver orBellows, so as to accordingly identify that the auscultation mode that digital stethoscope is set is lungs sound pattern or heart sound pattern；
Specially：When eddy current sensor is towards bell receiver or bellows, by the amplitude of the oscillator signal of acquisition and phase pointThe oscillator signal amplitude of oscillating circuit acquisition is connected when not being in free space with eddy current sensor compared with phase,
If amplitude difference is more than setting amplitude difference upper limit threshold and phase difference is more than setting phase difference upper limit threshold, whirlpool is judgedFor flow sensor towards bellows, auscultation mode is heart sound pattern；
If amplitude difference is less than setting amplitude difference lower threshold and phase difference is less than setting phase difference lower threshold, whirlpool is judgedFor flow sensor towards bell receiver, auscultation mode is lungs sound pattern.
Further, in step S2, a boundary frequency point specifically can be set, be below or above in foundation auscultation sound signalThe signal frequency distribution of boundary frequency point, it is low frequency lungs sound or high frequency heart sound to judge current auscultation sound signal；So as to resulting numberWhether the currently used pattern of word stethoscope is consistent with the auscultation mode of digital stethoscope current setting.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1）The use of digital stethoscope is more convenient, after the auscultation mode that switching is set, can be automatically recognized, withoutManual adjustment mode button.
2）The automatic detection process that whether use pattern matches with the auscultation mode set during use is added, can be withMedical worker is reminded in time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electric theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the double end body part stethoscope of the present invention and the lungs sound pattern of auscultation mode detector is bell pattern.
Fig. 3 is the double end body part stethoscope of the present invention and the heart sound pattern of auscultation mode detector is bellows pattern.
Fig. 4 is a kind of auscultation mode detector using eddy current sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the present invention using amplitude and phase caused by eddy current sensor and stethoscope piece metal-back distanceChange schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit handles the reference flowchart that auscultation mode automatically switches.
Embodiment
With reference to specific drawings and examples, the invention will be further described.
The auscultation mode switching automatic detection digital stethoscope that the present embodiment proposes, electric principle is as shown in figure 1, primary structureAs shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Auscultation mode switching automatic detection digital stethoscope, including double end body part 10, bell receiver 11, stethoscope sound are defeatedPortal 12, bellows 13, auscultation mode detector 14, sound transducer 15, cable 16；In Fig. 2, digital stethoscope is arranged on lungs soundPattern（Bell pattern）, in Fig. 3, digital stethoscope is arranged on heart sound pattern（Bellows pattern）.
Bell receiver 11 and bellows 13 set up relative both sides on double end body part 10 separately；Stethoscope sound output aperture 12 is installedIn double end body part 10, and it can rotate；When stethoscope sound output aperture 12 rotates, the sound import of front end can be respectively aligned toBell receiver 11 or bellows 13, so as to switch stethoscopic auscultation mode；Sound transducer 15 is located at stethoscope sound output aperture12 tail end, for detecting auscultatory sound；Auscultation mode detector 14 is arranged on after stethoscope sound output aperture 12 on sector hole outer wall,The direction of auscultation mode detector 14 is consistent with the sound import of stethoscope sound output aperture 12 direction, for detecting and identifying numeralThe auscultation mode that stethoscope is set；
Auscultation mode detector 14 and sound transducer 15 connect digital stethoscope signal transacting and control by cable 16Circuit.The excitation that digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit output sound transducer 15 and auscultation mode detector 14 needSignal（Some type sound transducers 15 need a control source, illustrate hereby）, and receive sound transducer 15 and listenExamine the output signal of pattern detector 14.
In the present embodiment, auscultation mode detector 14 uses eddy current sensor；Due to bellows 13 and bell receiver 11 withThe contact area of human body is different, and the height of structure is different, therefore, when stethoscope sound output aperture 12 is rotated corresponding to selection measurementWhen bellows 13 or bell receiver 11, between auscultation mode detector 14 and bellows 13 or the shell of bell receiver 11 betweenAway from being different, bell receiver 11 is remote relative to bellows 13 apart from auscultation mode detector 14；Therefore, bellows 13 or bellReceiver 11 applies the automatic detection that this attribute realizes auscultation mode.
For example using metal material, aluminium bellows 13 or bell receiver 11 that either stainless steel makes, vortex can be usedSensor indicates that auscultation mode is correspondingly the bellows 13 or bell receiver 11 of body part.Concrete operating principle is as follows：
Such as Fig. 4, eddy current sensor has the composition such as coil 1401, magnetic core 142 and skeleton, and coil 141 is wound on skeleton；Work as placeWhen free space, its inductance is intrinsic；When eddy current sensor is close to metal derby 9, inside eddy current sensorElectric current formed alternating magnetic field can produce vortex inside metal derby 9, so as to change the inductance value of eddy current sensor.
By taking oscillating circuit as an example, when the eddy current sensor is connected in an oscillating circuit；According to inside eddy current sensorThe relative amplitude and phase identification eddy current sensor of oscillator signal is bell receiver 11 or bellows 13, so as to which accordingly identification numeral is listenedThe auscultation mode for examining device setting is lungs sound pattern or heart sound pattern.As Fig. 5, eddy current sensor are more remote from metal, then vortex passesOscillator signal amplitude and phase of the amplitude and phase of sensor internal oscillation signal closer to free space eddy current sensor；Work as whirlpoolWhen the distance between flow sensor and metal are more and more nearer, the amplitude of internal oscillation signal is less and less, and phase place change is got overCome bigger.
A MCU can be set in digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit to shake inside above-mentioned eddy current sensor to detectSwing the amplitude and phase place change of signal.One LC vibration electricity can also be set in digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuitRoad, to connect eddy current sensor, the coil 1401 in eddy current sensor is as the inductance L in LC oscillating circuits.
When the rotation of stethoscope sound output aperture 12 and bellows 13 communicate, digital stethoscope measures for heart sound, listensExamine pattern detector 14 and the correct auscultation mode of stethoscope is transferred to digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit for selectingSelect correct signal handler and show heart sound pattern；Communicated when the rotation of stethoscope sound output aperture 12 and bell receiver 11When, stethoscope is measured for lungs sound, and the correct auscultation mode of stethoscope is transferred to digital stethoscope by auscultation mode detectorSignal transacting and control circuit are used to select correct signal handler and show lungs sound pattern.
It is mentioned above, using eddy current sensor, it is possible to readily judge that the auscultation mode that digital stethoscope is set isLungs sound pattern or heart sound pattern.But doctor is when using digital stethoscope, it may occur that use pattern is listened with what is setExamine the inconsistent situation of pattern.For example measure lung sounds or conversely, even have selected correct pattern using bellows 13, butIt is that the body part bellows of associative mode or bell receiver contact without with correct position.
The auscultation mode switching detection method of digital stethoscope, it is therefore desirable to including following step as shown in Figure 6,
Step S1, it is arranged on after stethoscope sound output aperture 12 on sector hole outer wall using one and is exported with stethoscope soundThe sound import of hole 12 detects auscultation mode detector 14 and the bell receiver 11 of direction towards consistent auscultation mode detector 14Or the distance of bellows 13；And according to distance distance judge the auscultation mode of digital stethoscope current setting for lungs sound pattern orHeart sound pattern；
Auscultation pattern detector 14 uses eddy current sensor in the present embodiment, and the eddy current sensor is connected to a vibration electricityLu Zhong；Amplitude and phase identification eddy current sensor according to eddy current sensor internal oscillation signal is with respect to bell receiver 11 or bellows13, so as to accordingly identify that the auscultation mode that digital stethoscope is set is lungs sound pattern or heart sound pattern；
Specially：When eddy current sensor is towards bell receiver 11 or bellows 13, by the amplitude and phase of the oscillator signal of acquisitionPosition connects the oscillator signal amplitude of oscillating circuit acquisition compared with phase when being in free space with eddy current sensor respectively,
If amplitude difference is more than setting amplitude difference upper limit threshold and phase difference is more than setting phase difference upper limit threshold, whirlpool is judgedFor flow sensor towards bellows 13, auscultation mode is heart sound pattern；
If amplitude difference is less than setting amplitude difference lower threshold and phase difference is less than setting phase difference lower threshold, whirlpool is judgedFor flow sensor towards bell receiver 11, auscultation mode is lungs sound pattern.
Step S2, detected according to sound transducer 15 and return to the patient of digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuitAuscultation sound signal, according to the frequecy characteristic included in auscultation sound signal, use pattern represented by determination frequency feature whether withThe auscultation mode of digital stethoscope current setting is consistent；And provide corresponding prompting.
In step S2, a boundary frequency point specifically can be set, be below or above boundary frequency in foundation auscultation sound signalThe signal frequency distribution of point, it is low frequency lungs sound or high frequency heart sound to judge current auscultation sound signal；So as to judge digital stethoscopeWhether currently used pattern is consistent with the auscultation mode of digital stethoscope current setting.
When the low-frequency component for being less than boundary frequency in auscultation sound signal is more, then what is obtained is a low frequency lungs sound letterNumber；Conversely, when the radio-frequency component for being higher than boundary frequency in auscultation sound signal is more, then what is obtained is a high frequency heart sound letterNumber.If the frequecy characteristic included in auscultation sound signal is not consistent with the frequecy characteristic of low frequency lungs sound or high frequency heart sound, illustrateThe position that stethoscope piece is placed is wrong, is contacted without with correct position.
When occur digital stethoscope use pattern with set auscultation mode it is inconsistent, or occur position placement mistakeWhen, digital stethoscope signal transacting and control circuit provide corresponding miscue.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further in detailDescribe in detail bright.The specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention is should be understood that, is not intended to limit the invention, thanSuch as, embodiments of the invention employ eddy current sensor and metallic object part coordinates the detection for realizing auscultation mode, can also usePhotoelectric sensor, capacitance kind sensor, or even the sensor of contact realize, can by design engineer voluntarily according to productDesign specification and application scenarios are flexibly selected.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification for being made, equally replaceChange, improve, should be included in the scope of the protection.