Containing 38%-40% N P and K compound fertilizer of high concentration and production method thereofTechnical field
The invention belongs to composite fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of high density compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and production method thereof.
Background technology
Composite fertilizer has that nutrient content is high, minor component is few and the advantage such as physical behavior is good, for balance fertilizing, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes that the stable high yield of crop has very important effect.Along with the development of agriculture production, the composite fertilizer of high-concentration long-acting is more and more subject to peasant and welcomes, and the application of this fertiliser types decreases fertilising consumption, facilitate farming, remove link of topdressing from, alleviate labor capacity, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, saving of labor, laborsaving, save time, upgrading synergy.In recent years due to industry restructuring, efficient proportion of crop planting constantly expands, and peasant increases, so high-concentration compound fertilizer has broad mass market prospect high-concentration compound fertilizer demand.At present, the research for compound fertilizer of high concentration is more, mainly contains:
1, China Patent No.: 200710012602.9, denomination of invention is: disclose a kind of high-content organic/inorganic compound fertilizer in the invention of high-content organic/inorganic compound fertilizer, by weight by following material: alditol slag 30 parts, 10 parts, sheep excrement, plant ash 4 parts, soya-bean cake 3 parts, sesame-send cake 3 parts, silkworm excrement 5 parts, sylvite 15 parts, 10 parts, ammonium nitrate, the mixing of 20 parts, ground phosphate rock form, this fertilizer nutrient content is high, total nutrient reaches 50%, base fertilizer or fertilising use can be done, various crop growth needs can be met, be particularly suitable for corn, the soybean crops of alkaline soil property plantation northeastward; Do not harden soil, and have maintenance action to soil, and this fertilizer is particulate state, is convenient to same seed base manure together.Although this composite fertilizer, containing organic and chemical fertilizer material, does not add moderate-element, trace element and composite amino acid fertilizer, the nutritive ingredient of fertilizer is not comprehensive, comprehensively can not be supplied to plant nutrient substance.
2, China Patent No.: 201310164534.3, denomination of invention is: disclose a kind of compound fertilizer of high concentration in the invention of compound fertilizer of high concentration and production method thereof, and raw material comprises dust technology, liquefied ammonia, ammonium chloride, nitre phosphorus, Repone K and thin-film material.Be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ternary built inorganic composite mixed fertilizer in this composite fertilizer, not only composition is single, and life-time service also easily causes soil compaction, causes soil fertility to decline.
Therefore, need the organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer developing a kind of high-content, the reasonable supplement of aminoacids complex, middle and trace element fertilizer can be taken into account simultaneously, not only can effectively reduce a mu fertilizer application amount, reduce transportation cost, organic matter can also be supplemented in good time, effectively improve edatope, promote root growth, improve crop to the absorption rate of nutrient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for prior art, provide high density compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and the production method thereof of a kind of 38%-40%, this Chemical Mixed Fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content reasonable ratio, and containing organic, amino acid and medium trace element fertilizer.The organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer of high-content can provide the nutritive element needed for plant growth in time, improves edatope simultaneously, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, thus has played the effect of increasing both production and income.
technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is containing 38%-40% N P and K compound fertilizer of high concentration, and its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent that its each component accounts for Chemical Mixed Fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer N+P2o5+ K2o total nutrient 38%-40%, organic>=15%, aminoacids complex 5% ~ 10%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5% and trace element 0.03% ~ 0.1%.
Described organic matter is by Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste and yeast fermentation waste liquid, and add zymophyte and to ferment the product obtained, wherein yeast fermentation waste liquid accounts for the 10-20% of fertilizer gross weight.
Zymophyte used is the special bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed (the composting plant special bacteria of biological organic fertilizer that Guangzhou agriculture hat (Taiwan investment) bio tech ltd (http://gzng2010.cn.china.cn/) produces, or compost liquid fertilizer special bacterium), energy fast decoupled is organic, adaption object has agricultural organic waste (compost, liquid fertilizer) to process, organic waste (swill) process more than kitchen, stalk is feed processed again, straw decomposition into field etc.Effective constituent is compound benefit bacterium; Proterties is powder, effective content total viable count>=109cfu/g.Every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material adds the special bacterial classification 1kg ~ 2kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
Contriver is to above-mentioned zymophyte before use first through the enlarged culturing of bacterial classification, and substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K; Cultural method is: by strain inoculation in seed fermentation tank, seed fermentation tank fermentation condition: temperature 32-38 DEG C, pH8.0-9.0, inoculum size 1-4%, stirring velocity 150-225r/min, ventilation 0.3-0.53/h, fermentation time 66-78h.
Described inorganic fertilizer element is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, element N>=14%, P containing following mass percent in described inorganic fertilizer2o5>=8%, K2o>=14%; N element in described inorganic fertilizer element is provided by urea; P2o5by in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, one or both provide; K2o is provided by Repone K.
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; Element M g0.5% ~ 2.0%, Ca2.0% ~ 10.00%, S1.0% ~ 5.00% containing following mass percent in described moderate-element; Mg element by containing the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, magnesium chloride, one or more material magnesian mixes provides; Ca element is mixed by one or more material of Calucium Silicate powder, white lime, gypsum to be provided; S element provides by mixing containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, zinc sulfate, gypsum, sulphur.
Described trace element is boron, zinc, copper, element B 0.010% ~ 0.20%, Zn0.010% ~ 0.20% containing following mass percent in described trace element, Cu0.010% ~ 0.20%, Mo0.010% ~ 0.20%; B element in described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate; Mo element is provided by ammonium molybdate.
Described aminoacids complex is for adopting animal skin, slaughter-house refuse and bean dregs to be raw material, and pulverize, add water making beating, and first adjustment PH to 6.8 ~ 7.2, add neutral protease and papoid and water, constant temperature 45-55 DEG C, enzymolysis 4 hours; Regulate PH to 9.5 ~ 10.5 again, add Sumizyme MP, constant temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, be incubated 6 hours, obtain hydrolyzed solution, dry rear pulverizing and get final product.Interpolation neutral protease and papoid ratio are 1:1, and addition is 0.3 ~ 0.6%, and Sumizyme MP addition is 0.3 ~ 0.9%.
Neutral protease (Neutralprotease), CAS numbers: 9068-59-1, is obtained through fermented extracted by subtilis, belongs to a kind of restriction endonuclease, can be used for various proteolysis process.Under certain temperature, pH value, macro-molecular protein can be hydrolyzed to the products such as amino acid, the hydrolysis of animal/vegetable protein can be widely used in.
Papoid (Papain), CAS numbers: 9001-73-4, is a kind of containing sulfydryl (-SH) endopeptidase, has the activity of proteolytic enzyme and esterase, there is specificity more widely, have stronger hydrolysis ability to animal/vegetable protein, polypeptide, ester, acid amides etc.
Sumizyme MP (Proteinasefrombacillussubtilisvar.biotecusa), CAS numbers: 9014-01-1, the 2709 withered grass bar microorganisms that educate are made by submerged fermentation, extraction and refining a kind of proteolytic ferment through bacterial protoplast mutafacient system, belong to the crisp outer high alkaline proteases of a kind of Serine, it can generate polypeptide or amino acid by hydrolyze protein molecules peptide chain, has the ability of stronger decomposing protein.
Production method containing 38%-40% N P and K compound fertilizer of high concentration of the present invention is: first organic fertilizer fermentation after product is carried out drying, again all solids raw material is pulverized through gravity system, abundant blending evenly, be that binding agent carries out drum granulating method with molasses alcohol waste liquid, particle sub-sieve, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product.
More than containing 38%-40% N P and K compound fertilizer of high concentration, the fast-growing eucalyptus leaves that described fertilizer also adds pulverizing further ferments together with in yeast fermentation waste liquid to Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste; Fast-growing eucalyptus leaves accounts for 10 ~ 15% of fertilizer gross weight.
Fast-growing eucalyptus, formal name used at school: eucalyptus (EucalyptusrobustaSmith) is called: cajeput oil tree (Chaozhou-Shantou region), big tree (Nan'ao), eucalyptus, swamp mahogany (Puning), Folium Eucalypti Robustae, oily markon, Gary tree, swamp mahogany (Huiyang).Fast-growing eucalyptus refers to the cross-fertilize seed of huge leaf eucalyptus * Eucalyptus urophylla, huge leaf eucalyptus * eucalyptus camaldulensis, the grand edge eucalyptus of eucalyptus saligna * and Eucalyptus urophylla * gray gum etc., and strain is more, names with serial code name.Folium eucalypti has volatile aromatic oil, is often used to refine wormer, reodorant.
Current Guangxi, a large amount of Planting Fast-growing eucalyptus in Guangdong, leaf is usually dumped at limit, field, can pollute, and fast-growing eucalyptus leaves joins in organic fertilizer raw material by the present invention to ferment, can expelling parasite, deodorizing, also increase fertilizer efficiency.
The above is containing 38%-40% N P and K compound fertilizer of high concentration, can as the fertilizer of sugarcane, soybean, paddy rice and corn.
advantage of the present invention is:
1, this Chemical Mixed Fertilizer content is high, and inorganic nutrients and medium trace element and organotrophy supplement mutually, not only can provide crop necessary nutritive substance, effectively can also improve soil, improve existing crop growth environment.
2, the special bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer that Guangzhou agriculture hat (Taiwan investment) bio tech ltd (http://gzng2010.cn.china.cn/supply/1542689429.html) that in this Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, organic fertilizer fermentation uses the present invention to adopt produces,effective constituent is compound benefit bacterium; Proterties is powder, effective content total viable count>=109cfu/g.The advantage such as there is few, the powerful degrade proteins of addition, fermentation time is short, cost is low, leavening temperature is not limited, effectively can kill the harmful bacteria in fermented product, worm, worm's ovum, grass-seed antibiotic remains of degrading simultaneously, also have breeding fast, the feature such as strong, the safety non-toxic of vitality.
3, carry out enlarged culturing to zymophyte, expanding numerous rear effective bacterial content obviously increases, and bacterial classification rate of utilization significantly improves, and greatly can shorten fermentation time, reduces production cost.In addition, operational condition is simple, and required equipment is simple, and energy consumption is low, is suitable for explained hereafter.
4, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention effectively can improve soil quality, obviously can improve because inorganic fertilizer uses the soil compaction caused in a large number, play chessom after using, and thickeies arable layer, improves field ventilation and penetrating light condition.
5, in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, Source Organic Matter is mainly Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste and yeast fermentation waste liquid, organic matter and the aminoacids content of these raw materials are higher, it Appropriate application not only can be alleviated environmental pollution, resource can also be made full use of, turn waste into wealth, there is good ecological significance.
6, due to this invention formula rationally, can effective regulating crop growth, improve the peanut ability of crop to nutrient, thus improve the utilization ratio of nutrient greatly.Therefore, it is possible to reduce costs, increase economic efficiency.
7, the present invention is high-content organic/inorganic compound fertilizer, not only can provide sufficient nutrient to plant, can also eliminate the side effect that chemical fertilizer brings, environmental protect, fertilizing soil.
8, high-content organic/inorganic compound fertilizer of the present invention is widely applicable, is applicable to various farm crop, life-time service, can improve Soil structure and loosing soil is not hardened, easy farming.
9, when this fertilizer is used as sugarcane, soybean, paddy rice, corn fertilizer, relative conventional fertilizer volume increase reaches more than 10%, and effect of increasing production is obvious.
Specific embodiment
embodiment 1
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 38%(14-10-14), in fertilizer organic 15% organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer (14-10-14 refers to N, P respectively2o5, K2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 230 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), diammonium phosphate 220 kilograms is (containing N by 16%, containing P2o5by 46.0%), 280 kilograms, Repone K is (containing K2o is by 60.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), ammonium molybdate 0.5 kilogram (containing Mo by 54%), 1 kilogram, copper sulfate (containing Cu by 23%), 50 kilograms, amino acid, organic 217 kilograms.
Described organic matter is by Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste and yeast fermentation waste liquid, and add zymophyte and to ferment the product obtained, wherein yeast fermentation waste liquid accounts for the 10-20% of fertilizer gross weight.
Zymophyte used is the special bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer that Guangzhou agriculture hat (Taiwan investment) bio tech ltd (http://gzng2010.cn.china.cn/) produces, and effective constituent is compound benefit bacterium; Proterties is powder, effective content total viable count>=109cfu/g.Every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material adds the special bacterial classification 1kg ~ 2kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
Above-mentioned zymophyte is before use first through the enlarged culturing of bacterial classification, and substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K; Cultural method is: by strain inoculation in seed fermentation tank, seed fermentation tank fermentation condition: temperature 32-38 DEG C, pH8.0-9.0, inoculum size 1-4%, stirring velocity 150-225r/min, ventilation 0.3-0.53/h, fermentation time 66-78h.
Aminoacids complex production process is: be raw material by animal skin, slaughter-house refuse and bean dregs, and pulverize, add water making beating, first adjustment pH to 7.0, adds neutral protease and papoid and water, constant temperature 50 DEG C, enzymolysis 4 hours; Regulate pH to 10 again, add Sumizyme MP, constant temperature 55 DEG C, be incubated 6 hours, obtain hydrolyzed solution, dry rear pulverizing and get final product.Interpolation neutral protease and papoid ratio are 1:1, and addition is 0.6%, and Sumizyme MP addition is 0.9%.
Production method: above-mentioned raw materials is first mixed in proportion, then pulverize through gravity system, abundant blending evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, with molasses alcohol waste liquid as binding agent, spray with spray appliance, then carry out granulation, then by particle sub-sieve, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product.
embodiment 2
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 39%(16-8-15), in fertilizer organic 15% organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer (16-8-15 refers to N, P respectively2o5, K2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 290 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), diammonium phosphate 175 kilograms is (containing N by 16%, containing P2o5by 46.0%), 300 kilograms, Repone K is (containing K2o is by 60.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), ammonium molybdate 1 kilogram (containing Mo by 54%), 0.5 kilogram, copper sulfate (containing Cu by 23%), organic 232 kilograms.
Described organic matter is by Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste and yeast fermentation waste liquid, and add zymophyte and to ferment the product obtained, wherein yeast fermentation waste liquid accounts for the 10-20% of fertilizer gross weight.
Zymophyte used is the special bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer that Guangzhou agriculture hat (Taiwan investment) bio tech ltd (http://gzng2010.cn.china.cn/) produces, and effective constituent is compound benefit bacterium; Proterties is powder, effective content total viable count >=109cfu/g.Every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material adds the special bacterial classification 1kg ~ 2kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
Above-mentioned zymophyte is before use first through the enlarged culturing of bacterial classification, and substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K; Cultural method is: by strain inoculation in seed fermentation tank, seed fermentation tank fermentation condition: temperature 32-38 DEG C, pH8.0-9.0, inoculum size 1-4%, stirring velocity 150-225r/min, ventilation 0.3-0.53/h, fermentation time 66-78h.
Aminoacids complex production process is: be raw material by animal skin, slaughter-house refuse and bean dregs, and pulverize, add water making beating, first adjustment pH to 6.8, adds neutral protease and papoid and water, constant temperature 52 DEG C, enzymolysis 5 hours; Regulate pH to 10 again, add Sumizyme MP, constant temperature 55 DEG C, be incubated 6 hours, obtain hydrolyzed solution, dry rear pulverizing and get final product.Interpolation neutral protease and papoid ratio are 1:1, and addition is 0.6%, and Sumizyme MP addition is 0.7%.
Production method: with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 40%(16-8-16), in fertilizer organic 15% organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer (16-8-16 refers to N, P respectively2o5, K2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 290 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), diammonium phosphate 175 kilograms is (containing N by 16%, containing P2o5by 46.0%), 320 kilograms, Repone K is (containing K2o is by 60.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), ammonium molybdate 1 kilogram (containing Mo by 54%), 0.5 kilogram, copper sulfate (containing Cu by 23%), organic 212 kilograms.
Described organic matter is by Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste and yeast fermentation waste liquid, and add zymophyte and to ferment the product obtained, wherein yeast fermentation waste liquid accounts for the 10-20% of fertilizer gross weight.
Zymophyte used is the special bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer that Guangzhou agriculture hat (Taiwan investment) bio tech ltd (http://gzng2010.cn.china.cn/) produces, and effective constituent is compound benefit bacterium; Proterties is powder, effective content total viable count >=109cfu/g.Every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material adds the special bacterial classification 1kg ~ 2kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
The fast-growing eucalyptus leaves that described fertilizer also adds pulverizing further ferments together with in yeast fermentation waste liquid to Wastage of food industry, silkworm excrement, manioc waste; Fast-growing eucalyptus leaves accounts for 10 ~ 15% of fertilizer gross weight.
Above-mentioned zymophyte is before use first through the enlarged culturing of bacterial classification, and substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K; Cultural method is: by strain inoculation in seed fermentation tank, seed fermentation tank fermentation condition: temperature 32-38 DEG C, pH8.0-9.0, inoculum size 1-4%, stirring velocity 150-225r/min, ventilation 0.3-0.53/h, fermentation time 66-78h.
Aminoacids complex production process is: be raw material by animal skin, slaughter-house refuse and bean dregs, and pulverize, add water making beating, first adjustment pH to 6.8, adds neutral protease and papoid and water, constant temperature 52 DEG C, enzymolysis 5 hours; Regulate pH to 10 again, add Sumizyme MP, constant temperature 50 DEG C, be incubated 7 hours, obtain hydrolyzed solution, dry rear pulverizing and get final product.Interpolation neutral protease and papoid ratio are 1:1, and addition is 0.5%, and Sumizyme MP addition is 0.5%.
Production method: with embodiment 1.
effect example
Contriver has carried out the test of field fertilizer efficiency to the 38%-40% N P and K compound fertilizer of high concentration that contains of invention throughout the country, is below the manure trial that contriver carries out on Chongzuo, Guangxi sugarcane, Linyi, Shandong soybean, Nanning paddy rice, Baoding Anguo corn.
Table 12011 year Chongzuo, Guangxi sugarcane field manure trial effect
Table 22013 year Linyi, Shandong in July soybean fertilizer efficiency test effect
Table 32013 year Nanning paddy rice manure trial effect
Table 42013 year Baoding Anguo corn manure trial in June effect
Result shows, 38-40% high density organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer all has effect of increasing production to some extent in sugarcane, paddy rice, soybean, corn, conventional composite fertilizer compared to 45%, the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of this invention development can play chessom, promote the feature of root system development and raising crop anti-adversity; Simultaneously, necessary nutritive element copper, zinc, iron etc. in crop growth process can also be supplemented in time, and moderate-element also can play timely booster action, not de-fertile in growth and development process, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer type that good the future of agriculture needs, for the Sustainable development important in inhibiting of Chinese agriculture.