技术领域technical field
本申请涉及检测和电路系统设计领域，尤其涉及到一种人体体表电特性检测装置及检测系统。The present application relates to the field of detection and circuit system design, in particular to a human body surface electrical characteristic detection device and detection system.
背景技术Background technique
目前国内外在人体电特性检测方面的研究主要集中在医疗健康领域，现有的电特性检测系统以专业医疗检查设备为主，主要应用于内脏健康状况检测、皮肤状况检测、针灸点定位和某些癌症的检测等方面。现有的电特性检测装置体积较大，一般由多个部分组成，集成度不高；操作不便，需要专业人员操作，并在计算机配合下完成检测过程；检测条件要求苛刻，要求检测对象保持端坐、平躺、侧卧等特定姿势；只有在需要的情况下才进行检测，不能实现实时检测。At present, domestic and foreign research on the detection of human electrical characteristics is mainly concentrated in the field of medical health. The existing electrical characteristic detection system is mainly based on professional medical inspection equipment, which is mainly used in the detection of visceral health status, skin condition detection, acupuncture point positioning and certain detection of certain cancers. Existing electrical characteristic detection devices are large in size, generally composed of multiple parts, and the integration level is not high; it is inconvenient to operate and requires professional personnel to operate, and the detection process is completed with the cooperation of a computer; Specific postures such as sitting, lying flat, and lying on the side; detection is only performed when needed, and real-time detection cannot be achieved.
以公开号为CA2557245的加拿大专利(positionsensinganddetectionofskinimpedance)为例，此专利中的装置通过检测人体电特性，根据电特性检测值，以三点定位的方法确定体内探头与体表电极相对位置，绘制人体内脏的三维立体图像。本装置操作条件要求苛刻，被测者必须平躺，需要专业人员操作，整个系统体积较大，仅适用于专业医疗机构。Taking the Canadian patent (position sensing and detection of skin impedance) with publication number CA2557245 as an example, the device in this patent detects the electrical characteristics of the human body, and according to the detected values of the electrical characteristics, uses a three-point positioning method to determine the relative position of the probe in the body and the body surface electrodes, and draw the internal organs of the human body. 3D stereoscopic image. The operating conditions of this device are harsh, the subject must lie flat, and professional personnel are required to operate. The entire system is relatively bulky and is only suitable for professional medical institutions.
实时的人体体表电特性数据在医学方面有很高的应用价值，只有便携、易用的电特性检测系统，才能保证对人体体表电特性进行连续实时的检测。目前，皮肤电特性检测系统在易用性、便携性、实时性方面少有突破，大大延缓了人体电特性检测在人体健康监测和医疗诊断方面的应用。Real-time data on the electrical characteristics of the human body surface have high application value in medicine. Only a portable and easy-to-use electrical characteristic detection system can ensure continuous and real-time detection of the electrical characteristics of the human body surface. At present, there are few breakthroughs in the ease of use, portability, and real-time performance of skin electrical characteristic detection systems, which greatly delays the application of human body electrical characteristic detection in human health monitoring and medical diagnosis.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请提供一种人体体表电特性检测装置及检测系统，为检测人体体表电特性提供电信号的幅值参数和相位差参数。The present application provides a human body surface electrical characteristic detection device and a detection system, which provide amplitude parameters and phase difference parameters of electrical signals for detecting the human body surface electrical characteristics.
根据本申请的第一方面，本申请提供一种人体体表电特性检测装置，包括：According to the first aspect of the present application, the present application provides a human body surface electrical characteristic detection device, including:
激励源模块,用于接触人体体表待测区域,产生激励人体体表待测区域的电信号；The excitation source module is used to contact the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body, and generate an electrical signal that excites the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body;
信号采集模块，用于接触人体体表待测区域，检测人体体表待测区域的电特性；电特性包括幅值和相角；The signal acquisition module is used to contact the area to be measured on the human body surface and detect the electrical characteristics of the area to be measured on the human body surface; the electrical characteristics include amplitude and phase angle;
信号采集模块包括：采集单元、幅值检测单元和相角检测单元；The signal acquisition module includes: an acquisition unit, an amplitude detection unit and a phase angle detection unit;
采集单元用于接触人体体表待测区域，采集人体体表待测区域的电信号；The acquisition unit is used to contact the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body, and collect electrical signals of the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body;
幅值检测单元的输入端耦合至采集单元的输出端，输入采集单元采集到的电信号，幅值检测单元检测其输入端输入的电信号的幅值；电信号的幅值用于计算人体体表待测区域电特性的模；The input end of the amplitude detection unit is coupled to the output end of the acquisition unit, and the electrical signal collected by the acquisition unit is input, and the amplitude detection unit detects the amplitude of the electrical signal input at its input end; the amplitude of the electrical signal is used to calculate the human body The modulus representing the electrical characteristics of the area to be tested;
相角检测单元的两个输入端分别耦合至采集单元和激励源模块，用于输入采集单元采集的电信号和激励源模块的电信号，相角检测单元检测其两个输入端输入的电信号的相位差，所述相位差为人体体表待测区域电特性的相角；The two input terminals of the phase angle detection unit are respectively coupled to the acquisition unit and the excitation source module for inputting the electrical signal collected by the acquisition unit and the electrical signal of the excitation source module, and the phase angle detection unit detects the electrical signal input by its two input terminals The phase difference, the phase difference is the phase angle of the electrical characteristics of the area to be measured on the surface of the human body;
供电模块，分别耦合至各个模块，向各模块提供工作电源。The power supply module is respectively coupled to each module and provides working power to each module.
根据本申请的第二方面，本申请提供一种人体体表电特性检测系统，包括：According to the second aspect of the present application, the present application provides a human body surface electrical characteristic detection system, including:
上述电特性检测装置；The above-mentioned electrical characteristic detection device;
智能终端，与电特性检测装置可选择地信号连接；智能终端用于对检测装置所采集的数据进行后续处理和分析。The intelligent terminal is selectively connected with the electrical characteristic detection device; the intelligent terminal is used for subsequent processing and analysis of the data collected by the detection device.
本申请的有益效果是：由于人体体表电特性一般分为容性、感性和纯阻性，通常采用复数量来表示。根据本申请提供人体体表电特性检测装置，由于信号采集模块包括了幅值检测单元和相角检测单元，既检测了待测区域电信号的幅值参数，又获得了相位差参数，在后续的分析中，根据电信号的幅值参数和相位差参数能够反映出人体体表电特性中感抗、容抗和阻抗的大小，从而能够更真实、完整地反应待测区域的电特性。The beneficial effects of the present application are: since the electrical properties of the human body surface are generally divided into capacitive, perceptual and pure resistive, they are usually represented by complex quantities. According to the present application, a human body surface electrical characteristic detection device is provided. Since the signal acquisition module includes an amplitude detection unit and a phase angle detection unit, it not only detects the amplitude parameter of the electric signal in the area to be measured, but also obtains the phase difference parameter. In the analysis, according to the amplitude parameter and phase difference parameter of the electrical signal, the inductive reactance, capacitive reactance and impedance in the electrical characteristics of the human body surface can be reflected, so that the electrical characteristics of the area to be measured can be reflected more truly and completely.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种人体体表电特性检测系统结构原理图；FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a human body surface electrical characteristic detection system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例公开的一种人体体表电特性检测装置结构框图；FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a human body surface electrical characteristic detection device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例公开的一种相角检测单元原理框图。FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a phase angle detection unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
请参考图1，为本实施例公开的一种人体体表电特性检测系统结构原理图。通常，人体体表电特性检测系统包括：人体体表电特性检测装置100和智能终端200。检测装置100用于置放在人体体表待测区域，检测待测区域的电特性，智能终端200用于对检测装置100所采集的数据进行后续处理和分析，智能终端200可以是计算机、笔记本、手机、PDA、医疗检测仪等能够处理检测装置100所采集数据的设备。智能终端200与检测装置100可以根据需要基于某种特定的协议进行信号连接，以交互数据。在具体的实施例中，信号连接可以是有线连接，也可以是无线连接，在优选的实施例中，为了实现低功耗，可以采用剪裁的蓝牙进行信号连接，所称剪裁的蓝牙连接是指根据检测系统的需要，将蓝牙模块中不必要的功能模块删除，只保留数据交互所必需的功能模块，例如，只保留数据传输功能和配对功能等，当然，在其它实施例中，用户可以根据检测的需要进行确定。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a structural schematic diagram of a human body surface electrical characteristic detection system disclosed in this embodiment. Generally, a human body surface electrical characteristic detection system includes: a human body surface electrical characteristic detection device 100 and an intelligent terminal 200 . The detection device 100 is used to place the area to be tested on the surface of the human body to detect the electrical characteristics of the area to be tested. The smart terminal 200 is used to perform subsequent processing and analysis on the data collected by the detection device 100. The smart terminal 200 can be a computer, a notebook , mobile phone, PDA, medical detector and other equipment capable of processing the data collected by the detection device 100 . The smart terminal 200 and the detection device 100 can be connected by signal based on a specific protocol as required, so as to exchange data. In a specific embodiment, the signal connection can be a wired connection or a wireless connection. In a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve low power consumption, a tailored Bluetooth can be used for signal connection. The so-called tailored Bluetooth connection refers to According to the needs of the detection system, delete unnecessary functional modules in the Bluetooth module, and only retain the necessary functional modules for data interaction, for example, only retain the data transmission function and pairing function, etc. Of course, in other embodiments, the user can according to The need for detection is determined.
在一种具体实施例中，检测装置100可以被动工作，检测装置100可以根据智能终端200发送的检测指令启动检测并向智能终端200传输检测到的人体体表电特性数据；在另一种具体实施例中，检测装置100也可以主动工作，检测装置100也可以自行启动检测并主动向智能终端200传输检测到的人体体表电特性数据。In a specific embodiment, the detection device 100 can work passively, and the detection device 100 can start detection according to the detection instruction sent by the smart terminal 200 and transmit the detected electrical characteristic data of the human body surface to the smart terminal 200; In the embodiment, the detection device 100 can also work actively, and the detection device 100 can also start the detection by itself and actively transmit the detected electrical characteristic data of the human body surface to the smart terminal 200 .
人体体表电特性检测装置的检测原理为：首先通过激励源向人体体表待测区域(人体待测皮肤区域)施加激励电信号；而后，采集该区域受激励响应后的电信号，经过幅值检测和相角检测得到该区域采集到的电信号的幅值以及该信号与激励信号之间的相位差。在一种具体实施例中，相角检测可以通过采集到的电信号与激励源施加的激励电信号对比实现，例如计算二者的相位差。根据上述原理，本申请对检测装置100进行了改进，请参考图2，为本实施例公开的检测装置100结构框图。该检测装置100包括：供电模块1、激励源模块2和信号采集模块4。其中，The detection principle of the human body surface electrical characteristic detection device is as follows: firstly, an excitation electric signal is applied to the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body (the skin area to be tested) through an excitation source; Value detection and phase angle detection obtain the amplitude of the electrical signal collected in the area and the phase difference between the signal and the excitation signal. In a specific embodiment, phase angle detection can be realized by comparing the collected electrical signal with the excitation electrical signal applied by the excitation source, for example, calculating the phase difference between the two. According to the above principles, the present application improves the detection device 100 , please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a structural block diagram of the detection device 100 disclosed in this embodiment. The detection device 100 includes: a power supply module 1 , an excitation source module 2 and a signal acquisition module 4 . in,
激励源模块2用于接触人体体表待测区域，产生激励人体体表待测区域的电信号。在一种具体实施例中，激励源模块2可以采用现有的激励信号方式，例如方波信号、正弦(或余弦)信号等。激励源模块2的激励模式可以包括：单次测量、多次测量、连续测量、和/或间隔测量。单次测量是指检测装置100接触人体体表待测区域后进行一次完整的测量；多次测量是指检测装置100接触人体体表待测区域后进行多次完整的测量，在优选的实施例中，检测装置100还可以对多次测量的测量结果进行平均、统计等运算处理；连续测量是指检测装置100接触人体体表待测区域后，在工作期间连续不断地测量；间隔测量是指检测装置100接触人体体表待测区域后，以预设的时间间隔进行测量。作用于待测区域的激励电信号优选采用电流信号。作为例子，本实施例公开了一种激励源模块2产生激励电信号的方式，激励源模块2包括：串联的数字频率综合器(DDS)21和电流源电路(VCCS)23。数字频率综合器21产生预设频带的电压信号(例如产生一定频率的方波信号)通过其输出端输出；电流源电路23的输入端耦合至数字频率综合器21的输出端，用于输入数字频率综合器21产生的电压信号，电流源电路23将该电压信号转换为相应频率的电流信号，电流源电路23可以通过电极231和232施加于带检测的体表部位，以激励人体体表待测区域。在优选的实施例中，数字频率综合器21和电流源电路23之间还可以进一步串联放大滤波电路22，以对数字频率综合器21产生的电压信号进行放大和滤波。在其它实施例中，可以通过频率控制字对数字频率综合器21进行功能配置，产生激励信号频带覆盖范围为100Hz～1MHz，该范围频点分布密集，输出电流稳定且电阻大。需要说明的是，电极231和232应优选为柔性干电极，便于使用，例如，采用柔性PCB技术实现，利用两层铜柱实现，第一层铜柱的直径为50um-125um，高度为40um-50um；第二层铜柱的直径为25um-75um，高度为20um-30um，实现的电极形状近似锥体形状。The excitation source module 2 is used for contacting the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body to generate an electrical signal to excite the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body. In a specific embodiment, the excitation source module 2 may use an existing excitation signal, such as a square wave signal, a sine (or cosine) signal, and the like. The excitation mode of the excitation source module 2 may include: single measurement, multiple measurement, continuous measurement, and/or interval measurement. A single measurement refers to a complete measurement after the detection device 100 contacts the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body; multiple measurements refers to multiple complete measurements after the detection device 100 contacts the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body. Among them, the detection device 100 can also carry out calculation processing such as averaging and statistics on the measurement results of multiple measurements; continuous measurement means that after the detection device 100 touches the area to be measured on the human body surface, it continuously measures during the working period; interval measurement refers to After the detection device 100 touches the area to be measured on the surface of the human body, measurements are performed at preset time intervals. The excitation electric signal acting on the region to be tested is preferably a current signal. As an example, this embodiment discloses a way for the excitation source module 2 to generate an excitation electrical signal. The excitation source module 2 includes: a digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) 21 and a current source circuit (VCCS) 23 connected in series. Digital frequency synthesizer 21 produces the voltage signal of preset frequency band (for example, produces the square wave signal of certain frequency) output through its output terminal; The input terminal of current source circuit 23 is coupled to the output terminal of digital frequency synthesizer 21, is used for input digital The voltage signal generated by the frequency synthesizer 21, the current source circuit 23 converts the voltage signal into a current signal of the corresponding frequency, the current source circuit 23 can be applied to the body surface with detection through the electrodes 231 and 232, to stimulate the body surface of the human body to wait measurement area. In a preferred embodiment, an amplification and filtering circuit 22 may be further connected in series between the digital frequency synthesizer 21 and the current source circuit 23 to amplify and filter the voltage signal generated by the digital frequency synthesizer 21 . In other embodiments, the function of the digital frequency synthesizer 21 can be configured through the frequency control word, and the frequency band coverage of the generated excitation signal is 100 Hz-1 MHz. In this range, the frequency points are densely distributed, the output current is stable, and the resistance is large. It should be noted that the electrodes 231 and 232 should preferably be flexible dry electrodes, which are easy to use. For example, they can be implemented using flexible PCB technology, using two layers of copper pillars. The diameter of the first layer of copper pillars is 50um-125um, and the height is 40um- 50um; the diameter of the second layer of copper pillars is 25um-75um, the height is 20um-30um, and the shape of the realized electrode is similar to that of a cone.
信号采集模块4用于接触人体体表待测区域，检测人体体表待测区域的电特性，电特性包括幅值和相角。具体地，信号采集模块4包括：采集单元41、幅值检测单元42和相角检测单元43。采集单元41用于接触人体体表待测区域，采集人体体表待测区域的电信号；幅值检测单元42的输入端耦合至采集单元41的输出端，输入采集单元41采集到的电信号；幅值检测单元检测其输入端输入的电信号的幅值，在后续的应用中，将该电信号的幅值与激励信号(电流)的幅值相除，便得到了用于表示人体体表待测区域电特性的复数量的模；相角检测单元43的两个输入端分别耦合至采集单元41和激励源模块2，用于输入采集单元41采集的电信号和激励源模块2电信号；相角检测单元43检测其两个输入端输入的电信号的相位差，检测得到的相位差即为人体体表待测区域电特性的相角。The signal acquisition module 4 is used for contacting the area to be measured on the surface of the human body to detect the electrical characteristics of the area to be measured on the surface of the human body. The electrical characteristics include amplitude and phase angle. Specifically, the signal acquisition module 4 includes: an acquisition unit 41 , an amplitude detection unit 42 and a phase angle detection unit 43 . The acquisition unit 41 is used to contact the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body, and collect the electrical signal of the area to be measured on the body surface of the human body; the input end of the amplitude detection unit 42 is coupled to the output end of the acquisition unit 41, and the electrical signal collected by the input acquisition unit 41 The amplitude detection unit detects the amplitude of the electrical signal input by its input terminal, and in the subsequent application, divides the amplitude of the electrical signal by the amplitude of the excitation signal (current), and then obtains the signal used to represent the human body The modulus of the complex quantity of table to be measured area electrical characteristic; Two input ends of phase angle detection unit 43 are coupled to acquisition unit 41 and excitation source module 2 respectively, are used for the electrical signal that input acquisition unit 41 collects and excitation source module 2 electrical signals signal; the phase angle detection unit 43 detects the phase difference of the electrical signals input from its two input terminals, and the detected phase difference is the phase angle of the electrical characteristics of the area to be measured on the surface of the human body.
供电模块1，分别耦合至各个模块，向各模块提供工作电源。需要说明的是，在其它实施例中，若增加其它需要供电的电路或芯片，也可由供电模块1提供工作电源。The power supply module 1 is respectively coupled to each module, and provides working power to each module. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, if other circuits or chips requiring power supply are added, the power supply module 1 can also provide working power.
信号采集模块4优选采集人体体表待测区域的电压信号，下面对信号采集模块4作进一步说明。The signal acquisition module 4 preferably collects the voltage signal of the area to be measured on the human body surface, and the signal acquisition module 4 will be further described below.
采集单元41利用其采样电极411和412对人体体表待测区域的电压信号进行采样，当然，为便于使用，采样电极411和412也应优选为柔性干电极。采集单元41采样后的信号分成两路，一路采样信号送给相角检测单元43作为相角检测单元43的一路输入信号，另一路采样信号送给幅值检测单元42。需要说明的是，在一种具体实施例中，如果相角检测单元43和幅值检测单元42处理的信号为数字信号，在采集单元41将其两路采样信号输送给相角检测单元43和幅值检测单元42之前，还应将采集单元41分成的两路采样信号进行模数转换，具体地，可以通过模数转换器(ADC)实现，例如图中ADC2，当然也可以直接在采集单元41中进行模数转换。The acquisition unit 41 uses its sampling electrodes 411 and 412 to sample the voltage signal of the area to be measured on the human body surface. Of course, for ease of use, the sampling electrodes 411 and 412 should also preferably be flexible dry electrodes. The signal sampled by the acquisition unit 41 is divided into two channels, one channel of sampling signal is sent to the phase angle detection unit 43 as one channel of input signal of the phase angle detection unit 43 , and the other channel of sampling signal is sent to the amplitude detection unit 42 . It should be noted that, in a specific embodiment, if the signals processed by the phase angle detection unit 43 and the amplitude detection unit 42 are digital signals, the acquisition unit 41 sends its two sampling signals to the phase angle detection unit 43 and Before the amplitude detection unit 42, the two-way sampling signal that the acquisition unit 41 is divided into should also be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion, specifically, it can be realized by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), such as ADC2 in the figure, and certainly also directly in the acquisition unit 41 for analog-to-digital conversion.
由于人体皮肤电信号较弱，采集单元41采样的电信号也十分微弱，因此，在优选的实施例中，信号采集模块4还可以进一步包括前置放大单元44，前置放大单元44的输入端耦合至采集单元41的输出端，前置放大单元44的输出端分别耦合至幅值检测单元42和相角检测单元43。前置放大单元44对采样电极411和412的采集的电压信号进行增益放大。需要说明的是，在包括模数转换器(例如图中ADC2)和前置放大单元44的实施例中，模数转换器(例如图中ADC2)应优选对经前置放大单元44放大后的信号进行模数转换。Due to the weak human skin electrical signal, the electrical signal sampled by the acquisition unit 41 is also very weak. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the signal acquisition module 4 can further include a preamplifier unit 44, and the input terminal of the preamplifier unit 44 It is coupled to the output end of the acquisition unit 41 , and the output end of the preamplification unit 44 is respectively coupled to the amplitude detection unit 42 and the phase angle detection unit 43 . The pre-amplification unit 44 performs gain amplification on the collected voltage signals of the sampling electrodes 411 and 412 . It should be noted that, in an embodiment including an analog-to-digital converter (such as ADC2 in the figure) and a preamplification unit 44, the analog-to-digital converter (such as ADC2 in the figure) should preferably amplify the preamplification unit 44 The signal undergoes analog-to-digital conversion.
幅值检测单元42可以采用现有的技术方案进行检测得到人体体表待测区域采集到的电信号的幅值数据，例如，幅值检测单元42的信号输入端与采集单元41的信号输出端耦合，幅值检测单元42从采集单元41得到一路采样信号后，幅值检测单元42通过逐一比较采样值，找出最大采样值，然后对获得的最大采样值除以前置放大的倍数，即为人体体表待测区域采集到的电压信号的幅值。The amplitude detection unit 42 can detect and obtain the amplitude data of the electric signal collected by the area to be measured on the human body surface by using existing technical solutions, for example, the signal input end of the amplitude detection unit 42 and the signal output end of the acquisition unit 41 Coupling, after the amplitude detection unit 42 obtains one sampling signal from the acquisition unit 41, the amplitude detection unit 42 finds the maximum sampling value by comparing the sampling values one by one, and then divides the obtained maximum sampling value by the multiple of the preamplification, which is The amplitude of the voltage signal collected in the area to be measured on the surface of the human body.
请参考图3，为相角检测单元43相角检测原理框图，在一种实施例中，相角检测单元43包括耦合的混频子单元431和鉴相子单元432。混频子单元431包括两路数字信号输入端，每个数字信号输入端都对应有一对信号输出端，用于输出经过混频子单元431做某种处理后的信号。在优选的实施例中，混频子单元431对其输入端的输入的数字信号分别进行正交化，每对信号输出端输出的两路信号应为正交信号。在一种具体实施例中，混频子单元431可以进一步包括两个直接数字控制器(DDC，DirectDigitalControl)和一个数字振荡器(NCO，numericallycontrolledoscillator)。两个DDC分别为混频子单元431的两路数字信号输入端，其中一个DDC耦合至激励源模块2，用于输入激励源模块2的激励信号，如果激励信号为模拟信号，还可以在输入之前先采用模数转换器(如图1中ADC1)对模拟的激励信号进行模数转换；另一个DDC耦合至采集单元41，用于输入用于鉴相的一路采样信号。需要说明的是，两个DDC都优选输入放大后的信号。NCO分别与两个DDC耦合，用于分别将两个DDC输入的信号与两路正交本振信号相乘后分别得到一对正交化后的数字信号，通过DDC对应的信号输出端输出，并输入到鉴相子单元432。鉴相子单元432计算两对正交化后数字信号的相位差并输出相位差数据，这一相位差即为电特性的相角。需要说明的是，在一种具体实施例中，混频子单元431输出给鉴相子单元432的每一对正交化后的数字信号可以基于CORDIC算法(CoordinateRotationDigitalComputer)得到一个相位，而后将这两个相位作差得到相位差需要说明的是，相角检测单元43还可以进一步包括：滤波子单元433，滤波子单元433耦合在混频子单元431和鉴相子单元432之间，用于对混频子单元431输出的正交化数字信号进行滤波。滤波子单元433采用低通滤波器(LPF，LowPassFilter)以滤去高频信号。相角检测单元43采用数字信号鉴相，可以提高精度，减小误差，并且具有抗干扰能力强、集成度高等优点。在优选的实施例中，相角检测单元43还可以包括均值电路434，均值电路434的输入端耦合至鉴相子单元432的输出端，均值电路434对鉴相子单元432输出的多个相位差值进行平均运算，得出多次测量的平均相位差。Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a block diagram of the phase angle detection principle of the phase angle detection unit 43 . In one embodiment, the phase angle detection unit 43 includes a coupled frequency mixing subunit 431 and a phase detection subunit 432 . The frequency mixing subunit 431 includes two digital signal input terminals, and each digital signal input terminal corresponds to a pair of signal output terminals for outputting signals processed by the frequency mixing subunit 431 . In a preferred embodiment, the frequency mixing subunit 431 performs orthogonalization on the input digital signals at its input terminals, and the two signals output from each pair of signal output terminals should be orthogonal signals. In a specific embodiment, the frequency mixing subunit 431 may further include two direct digital controllers (DDC, Direct Digital Control) and a digital oscillator (NCO, numerically controlled oscillator). The two DDCs are respectively the two digital signal input ends of the frequency mixing subunit 431, and one of the DDCs is coupled to the excitation source module 2 for inputting the excitation signal of the excitation source module 2. If the excitation signal is an analog signal, it can also be input Previously, an analog-to-digital converter (such as ADC1 in FIG. 1 ) is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog excitation signal; another DDC is coupled to the acquisition unit 41 for inputting a sampling signal for phase detection. It should be noted that both DDCs preferably input amplified signals. The NCO is coupled with two DDCs respectively, and is used to multiply the signals input by the two DDCs with the two orthogonal local oscillator signals to obtain a pair of orthogonalized digital signals, which are output through the corresponding signal output terminals of the DDCs. And input to the phase identification subunit 432. The phase detection subunit 432 calculates the phase difference between two pairs of orthogonalized digital signals And output phase difference data, this phase difference is the phase angle of the electrical characteristic. It should be noted that, in a specific embodiment, each pair of orthogonalized digital signals output by the frequency mixing subunit 431 to the phase detector subunit 432 can obtain a phase based on the CORDIC algorithm (CoordinateRotationDigitalComputer), and then the The phase difference is obtained by making the difference between two phases It should be noted that the phase angle detection unit 43 may further include: a filtering subunit 433, the filtering subunit 433 is coupled between the frequency mixing subunit 431 and the phase detection subunit 432, and is used for outputting the frequency mixing subunit 431 Orthogonalize the digital signal for filtering. The filtering sub-unit 433 uses a low-pass filter (LPF, LowPassFilter) to filter out high-frequency signals. The phase angle detection unit 43 adopts digital signal phase detection, which can improve precision and reduce errors, and has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability and high integration. In a preferred embodiment, the phase angle detection unit 43 may also include an average value circuit 434, the input end of the average value circuit 434 is coupled to the output end of the phase detection subunit 432, and the average value circuit 434 is used for multiple phases output by the phase detection subunit 432 The difference is averaged to obtain the average phase difference of multiple measurements.
在优选的实施例中，该装置还可以进一步包括：控制模块3，控制模块3耦合至激励源模块2，用于向激励源模块2发送启动信号，以启动激励源模块2产生激励电信号。在另一种具体实施例中，控制模块3还可以通过频率控制字对数字频率综合器(DDS)21进行功能配置，和/或通过模式控制字控制激励源模块2至少选择一种测量模式，测量模式包括单次测量、多次测量、连续测量和间隔测量等。在其它实施例中，控制模块3还可以向激励源模块2依次发送不同频点的控制字；控制激励源模块2根据控制字，依次产生所有需要的激励信号(例如依次产生从低频段到高频段内的激励信号)来激励人体体表待测区域。In a preferred embodiment, the device may further include: a control module 3, coupled to the excitation source module 2, for sending an activation signal to the excitation source module 2 to activate the excitation source module 2 to generate an excitation electrical signal. In another specific embodiment, the control module 3 can also perform functional configuration on the digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) 21 through the frequency control word, and/or control the excitation source module 2 to select at least one measurement mode through the mode control word, Measurement modes include single measurement, multiple measurement, continuous measurement and interval measurement, etc. In other embodiments, the control module 3 can also sequentially send control words of different frequency points to the excitation source module 2; the control excitation source module 2 generates all required excitation signals in sequence (for example, from low frequency band to high frequency band in sequence) according to the control word. The excitation signal in the frequency band) to stimulate the area to be measured on the human body surface.
在优选的实施例中，该装置还可以进一步包括：通信模块5，通信模块5耦合至信号采集模块4的输出端。通信模块5向预设终端发送信号采集模块4输出的人体体表待测区域的电特性数据。在一种具体实施例中，通信模块5可以主动发送人体体表待测区域的电特性数据，即在信号采集模块4输出电特性数据时便立即发送出去，也可以根据预设终端的请求指令发送。需要说明的是，通信模块5可以实时传输数据，也可以将信号采集模块4输出的若干次电特性数据打包一次性传输。需要说明的是，通信模块5也可以将预设终端请求检测/停止检测的指令发送给控制模块3，并由控制模块3启动/停止激励源模块2进行检测。从而实现在预设终端对检测装置的控制。在优选的实施例中，通信模块5采用无线通讯方式实现，为了实现低功耗，通信模块5可以采用剪裁的蓝牙模块。所称剪裁的蓝牙模块是指根据人体体表电特性检测装置数据交互的需求，仅保留必要的功能部分，譬如支持蓝牙传输协议中的数据传输部分，遵守蓝牙4.1规范，而将一些冗余的部分去除。In a preferred embodiment, the device may further include: a communication module 5 coupled to the output end of the signal acquisition module 4 . The communication module 5 sends the electrical characteristic data of the area to be measured on the human body surface output by the signal acquisition module 4 to the preset terminal. In a specific embodiment, the communication module 5 can actively send the electrical characteristic data of the area to be measured on the human body surface, that is, it will be sent out immediately when the signal acquisition module 4 outputs the electrical characteristic data, or it can be sent according to the request instruction of the preset terminal send. It should be noted that the communication module 5 can transmit data in real time, or can pack several times of electrical characteristic data output by the signal acquisition module 4 for one-time transmission. It should be noted that the communication module 5 may also send an instruction of preset terminal request detection/stop detection to the control module 3, and the control module 3 starts/stops the excitation source module 2 for detection. In this way, the control of the detection device at the preset terminal is realized. In a preferred embodiment, the communication module 5 is realized by wireless communication, and in order to realize low power consumption, the communication module 5 may adopt a tailored Bluetooth module. The so-called tailored Bluetooth module refers to the data interaction requirements of the human body surface electrical characteristic detection device, only retaining the necessary functional parts, such as supporting the data transmission part in the Bluetooth transmission protocol, complying with the Bluetooth 4.1 specification, and some redundant parts Partially removed.
在优选的实施例中，该装置还可以进一步包括：数据编码模块6，数据编码模块6耦合至所述通信模块5和信号采集模块4之间。数据编码模块6对信号采集模块4输出的人体体表待测区域的电特性数据进行编码打包，而后在控制模块3的控制下由通信模块5进行传输。In a preferred embodiment, the device may further include: a data encoding module 6 coupled between the communication module 5 and the signal acquisition module 4 . The data encoding module 6 encodes and packs the electrical characteristic data of the area to be measured on the human body surface output by the signal acquisition module 4 , and then transmits it by the communication module 5 under the control of the control module 3 .
本实施例公开的人体体表电特性检测装置检测简便、易用，方便使用，由于该装置不仅检测了人体体表待测区域采集的电信号的幅值，还检测了该信号与激励信号的相位差，即为人体体表待测区域电特性的相角。其中，相角表征了人体体表电特性是容性还是感性(当相角为正时，人体体表电特性为容性，反之，则人体体表电特性为感性)；根据人体体表待测区域采集的电信号的幅值能够较为容易地得到人体体表电特性的模(如将该电信号的幅值与激励信号的幅值作商得出)，因此本实施例公开的人体体表电特性检测装置能够无损地、较为精确地检测人体体表电特性。在实际应用时，可以设计成体积小、重量轻的贴片式，直接贴至待测皮肤区域即可，使用起来方便、操作简单，克服已有技术中一些检测设备体积大、便携性差的缺点，避免了用户苛刻的检测条件限制。本实施例公开的人体体表电特性检测装置/系统能够在医疗健康领域广泛应用。The human body surface electrical characteristic detection device disclosed in this embodiment is easy to detect, easy to use, and convenient to use, because the device not only detects the amplitude of the electrical signal collected in the area to be measured on the human body surface, but also detects the difference between the signal and the excitation signal. The phase difference is the phase angle of the electrical characteristics of the area on the surface of the human body to be measured. Among them, the phase angle represents whether the electrical properties of the human body surface are capacitive or inductive (when the phase angle is positive, the electrical properties of the human body surface are capacitive, otherwise, the electrical properties of the human body surface are inductive); The amplitude of the electrical signal collected in the measurement area can easily obtain the modulus of the electrical characteristics of the human body surface (such as obtained by quotienting the amplitude of the electrical signal and the amplitude of the excitation signal), so the human body disclosed in this embodiment The device for detecting electrical characteristics of the surface can detect the electrical characteristics of the surface of the human body non-destructively and relatively accurately. In actual application, it can be designed as a patch type with small size and light weight, which can be directly attached to the skin area to be tested. It is convenient to use and easy to operate, and overcomes the shortcomings of some detection equipment in the prior art that are large in size and poor in portability. , to avoid the user's harsh detection conditions. The human body surface electrical characteristic detection device/system disclosed in this embodiment can be widely used in the medical and health field.
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can also make some simple deduction or replacement without departing from the concept of the present invention.
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