Optical sensing sphygomanometerTechnical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields such as medical apparatus and instruments, singualtion reflection type optical sensor, data signal process (DSP), real-time color display continuously, voice broadcast and warning, global positioning system (GPS), Zigbee radio communication, web server and the Internet.Specifically, be all new generation Wearable high accuracy real-time optical sensing intelligent sphygomanometer that a kind of fundamental difference breaks through in traditional cuff mercury sphygmomanometer and this field revolutionary character of cuff electric sphygmomanometer and is in progress.
Background technology
1628, William breathed out dimension (British scientist) and notices that, when tremulous pulse is cut, blood is gushed just as by pressure-driven.By touching the beating of pulse, blood pressure can be felt.1835, Julius Ai Lisong invented a sphygomanometer, and it passes to a narrow mercury column beating of pulse.When pulse is beaten, hydrargyrum can correspondingly bob.Doctor can measure pulse and blood pressure when not cutting tremulous pulse first time.But because it uses inconvenience, make coarse and crude, and read untrue, therefore other scientist improves it.Sphygomanometer is according to the elevation carrection blood pressure of mercury column, and barometer measures air pressure in the same way.1860, Ai Di was amp---and Zhu Ermalei (French scientist) has been developed into a sphygomanometer best at that time.It is by the amplification of beating of pulse, and by the track record of beating on the web.This sphygomanometer also can be carried with.The exception that this sphygomanometer of Ma Leiyong studies heart is beated.
Nowadays the sphygomanometer that doctor uses be Xi Piao inside watt---Luo Qi (Italian scientist) was invention in 1896.It has a cuff that can inflate, for the flowing of occlude blood.Doctor listens beating of pulse with a stethoscope, reads blood pressure number on graduation apparatus simultaneously.
Along with the progress of human society and the develop rapidly of science and technology.The modern society sphygomanometer highly developed in science and technology constantly updates.Also there is various electric sphygmomanometer on the market.
First generation electric sphygmomanometer (G1-NIBPM): the technology of use: the main components that MWD technology (measuring during decompression) uses: Quick-pressing air pump, electronics rapid escape valve, mechanical type constant speed air bleeding valve, atmospheric pressure sensor measurement feature: Quick-pressing is to a certain force value, exitted by the speed of 2 ~ 7mmHg/s by a mechanical type constant speed air bleeding valve, and carry out blood pressure measurement in the process of this venting.Feature 1: employ two air bleeding valve------electronics rapid escape valves, tool formula constant speed air bleeding valves; Feature 2: initial moulding pressure is set in about 200mmHg mostly, emphasizes that pressing speed wants fast, reaches the pressurization value of setting within usual 10 seconds; Feature 3: when pressurization just stops, venting speed, more than 7mmHg/s, roughly could be stabilized in 2 ~ 7mmHg/s after a few second.This generation product is due to the unstability (principle defect) of mechanical type constant speed air bleeding valve, generally can improve initial moulding pressure, as current most of domestic sphygomanometer, initial moulding pressure is set in 190 ~ 200mmHg mostly, and this can overcome the problem of the measurement instability that venting speed causes when pressurization just stops to a certain extent.
Second filial generation electric sphygmomanometer (G2-NIBPM): the technology of use: the main components that MWD technology (measuring during decompression) uses: add compression pump, Electronic Control air bleeding valve, atmospheric pressure sensor measurement feature: owing to have employed the servo techniques (ECVSERVOTECHNOLOGY) of Electronic Control air bleeding valve, the speed of constant speed aerofluxus has really accomplished constant speed, and Intelligent pressing can be carried out according to the blood pressure of gauger, measurement result more stable (except other influences factor).Feature 1: only use air bleeding valve------Electronic Control air bleeding valve, simultaneously for constant speed aerofluxus and the Quick air-discharge at the end of measuring; Feature 2: Intelligent pressing.Namely sphygomanometer can carry out once rough judgement to gauger's blood pressure in advance in pressure process, thus determines finally to need the force value that adds to, and usual force value adds to gauger's systolic pressure about+30mmHg; Feature 3: venting speed can be stabilized on 3 ~ 4mmHg/s at the very start.The measuring technique of the first generation and the second filial generation is referred to as again MWD technology (measuring during decompression), corresponding with following third generation MWI technology (measuring during pressurization).
Third generation electric sphygmomanometer (G3-NIBPM): the technology of use: the main components that MWI technology (measuring during pressurization) uses: servo pressurization air pump, Electronic Control air bleeding valve, atmospheric pressure sensor measurement feature: at the uniform velocity pressurize, and blood pressure measurement is carried out in the process of pressurization.Feature 1: use servo pressurization air pump------control pressing speed, and in pressure process Measure blood pressure; Feature 2: only use air bleeding valve------electronics rapid escape valve, for the Quick air-discharge at the end of measuring.The technical difficulty of this generation electric sphygmomanometer is MWI technology (pressurization synchro measure), and roughly there is following a few family in the company grasping this generation technique at present in the world: Jin Yidi, Omron, Panasonic.Third generation electric sphygmomanometer technology------MWI technology (measuring during pressurization) has become the mainstream technology of Wrist-cuff device, and third generation Wrist-cuff device still needs to inflate cuff.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that mercury sphygmomanometer and electric sphygmomanometer all need to inflate cuff, there is provided a kind of by singualtion reflection type optical sensor, data signal process (DSP), continuous real-time color display, voice broadcast and warning, GPS locates, Zigbee radio communication, the Wearable optical sensing sphygomanometer of the technical research such as web server and the Internet, just as wearing a wrist-watch, people anywhere can light round-the-clock continuous real-time monitored oneself blood pressure data and/or listen to the voice broadcast of blood pressure data as required, and when the unexpected ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of blood pressure audio alert at once, also can upload blood pressure information Xiang the computer of doctor or smart mobile phone in real time simultaneously,
Another object of the present invention is, set up the web server of PC, the blood pressure information that this optical sensing sphygomanometer Zigbee module can be transmitted is uploaded to doctor and 120 emergency center's computer or smart mobile phones in real time by the Internet, doctor just can remote real-time monitoring patient's blood pressure and obtain data, 120 emergency centers also available GPS at once locate patient location and react in time, in order to the prevention of intervention disease more initiatively, control and treatment, greatly reduce hyperpietic's mortality rate.
For realizing above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Application Optics sensing technology: optical pickocff is device optical signal being converted to the signal of telecommunication, and its outstanding advantages is: speed is fast, highly sensitive, structure is simple and the high reliability that formed owing to having very strong capacity of resisting disturbance.Singualtion reflective photoelectric sensor is that volume only has 1.9mm*2.6mm*0.8mm size infrared light (wavelength 940nm) and HONGGUANG (wavelength 660nm) two LED and phototransistor collection an encapsulation; Upgrading products can adopt emission wavelength be 570nm green light LED and phototransistor combination Small-sized C OB encapsulation, green reflection rate is higher compared with infrared light, measure sensitivity higher, improve S/N ratio characteristic simultaneously; Further upgrading products can also adopt sapphire sensor-based system (Thenext-generationsapphiresensorsystem) of new generation.Tiny reflective photoelectric sensor can carry on any equipment, as wrist-watch, bracelet, pen, mouse, underwear button etc., can continue to detect incessantly, not cause any interference to daily life.Optical pickocff can measure accurate and powerful hemodynamics metering physiologic readout, and with the signal transmission of high-fidelity, the transmission required time of each signal is probably part per billion second, thus Real-Time Monitoring and recording blood pressure change can be realized, it is high that optical pickocff detects degree of accuracy, as noenergy input does not then need adjustment, can obtain than existing sphygomanometer blood pressure data more accurately.
Application youth primary. Bill (Lambert-Beer) law sets up the pure mathematics model of relation between reflecting light and human body artery blood pressure, and carries out simulating, verifying with MATLAB software: first analyze youth primary. and Beer law and photoelectricity volume change the relation between ripple; The second, analyze youth primary. the relation between Beer law and human body artery blood pressure, by youth primary. the extended derivation of Beer law show that human body artery shrinks and the expression formula of diastolic pressure; 3rd, based on youth primary. the derivation of Beer law and human body artery blood pressure relation, is divided into blood pressure calibration phase and blood pressure actual measurement stage by human body artery blood pressure measurement; 4th, in blood pressure calibration phase, from photoplethysmographic, extract four blood pressure characteristics parameters, complete the calculating of two calibration parameters, for the blood pressure actual measurement stage lays the foundation; 5th, based on the expression formula of two calibration parameters obtained in blood pressure calibration phase and human body artery blood pressure, obtain human body artery and shrink and diastolic blood pressure values.6th, demonstrate theoretical correctness by MATLAB software programming emulated program code.
The Hardware Design: split modularized design is a large characteristic of native system hardware, and the design of instrument forms in modular form, have extensibility, upgradability, easy to maintenance, use the advantages such as flexible.System is divided into three large modules: first is center processing unit, and this is dsp processor mainly; Second is detection module, comprises reflective photoelectric sensor and corresponding interface processing circuitry; 3rd is peripheral module, comprises real-time color display, voice and warning, GPS location, data storage, Zigbee wireless communication module etc.
The beneficial effect of native system hardware designs is:
Novelty in photoelectric sensing module: mercury column and electric sphygmomanometer all need to inflate cuff, and can only single ground Measure blood pressure, the optical sensing sphygomanometer of application singualtion reflection type optical sensor research and development thoroughly overcomes the deficiency of mercury column and electric sphygmomanometer, neither needs inflation cuff can show continuously and upload blood pressure data for 24 hours again.
The creativeness of blood pressure real-time color display: realize utilizing the continuous blood pressure based on DSP of serial communication to detect, and demonstrate the blood pressure of measured on the lcd screen in real time.The LCD of system is TFT color screen, uses SPI interface driver, drives save a large amount of DSP mouth resources relative to use parallel port.
Blood pressure is voice broadcast and/or the practicality of at once reporting to the police as required: realize the voice broadcast utilizing serial communication, system uses special speech chip, the blood pressure data that LCD shows is reported to measured in time by voice, to facilitate the gerontal patient had defective vision, and also can audio alert at once to the change of unexpected dysarteriotony.
What GPS module can determine rapidly patient location should be acute: system adopts that the built-in GPS module of SIRF three generations chipset is maximum can simultaneously and 20 satellites be real-time, continuous, round-the-clock sets up communication, once patient's blood pressure alarm, doctor or 120 emergency centers just can determine rapidly patient location and make emergency reaction in time.
The intellectuality that system energy real time wireless informational is mutual: native system comprises blood pressure measuring device, point-to-point wireless Star Network, the tree-like sensing network of wireless ZigBee and host computer, this blood pressure measuring device is as an endpoint node in wireless ZigBee sensing network, measure the blood pressure information obtained and be first passed to Zigbee treetop node by this point-to-point wireless Star Network, and then by the tree-like sensing network transmission of this wireless Zigbee, arrive Zigbee root vertex via trunk node, complete the information interaction with host computer.
Set up the web server of PC, the information that Zigbee module can be transmitted is uploaded to doctor's computer or smart mobile phone in real time by the Internet.
Hardware system volume of the present invention is little, lightweight, small and exquisite makes various style Wearable product.
Software development of the present invention designs based on the built-in system software of DSP: be mainly divided into three parts: system initialization module, interrupt module and serial communication module.Wherein, system initialization module comprises the setting of the setting of intervalometer, the setting of serial communication baud rate, setting that serial ports interrupts and external interrupt; Interrupt module comprises timer interrupt program, A/D converts external interrupt routine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is singualtion reflective photoelectric sensor schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 split pattern massing hardware designs schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the built-in system software design diagram based on DSP;
Fig. 4 is that native system information wireless transmits implementation schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, adopt the singualtion reflective photoelectric sensor of international recent development to measure accurate and powerful hemodynamics metering physiologic readout, and pass to interface circuit in real time with the high fidelity signals speed of part per billion second.
Application youth primary. Beer law sets up the pure mathematics model of relation between reflecting light and human body artery blood pressure, and carries out simulating, verifying with MATLAB software.
As shown in Figure 2, devise system hardware, the systematic schematic diagram by AD10 software design, and depict hardware circuit board figure (PCB figure), make hardware circuit board (pcb board) according to PCB figure, welded respective electronic components and parts, and energising test has been carried out to pcb board.
As shown in Figure 3, based on CCS2000 development platform, the system-program code by DSPC language compilation, and carry out soft and hardware combined debugging by burned for this code to system circuit board.
Through experiment version, first edition, whole version three editions development processes, produce Wearable optical sensing sphygomanometer model machine.
As shown in Figure 4, set up the web server of PC, complete blood pressure information Zigbee module transmitted and be uploaded to upper computer or smart mobile phone in real time by the Internet.