技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种核材料检测方法，具体涉及一种压水堆乏燃料元件三维中子照相无损检测方法。The invention relates to a nuclear material detection method, in particular to a three-dimensional neutron photography non-destructive detection method for spent fuel components of a pressurized water reactor.
背景技术Background technique
在核工业领域，为实现压水堆核燃料元件的质量控制，需要对相应的乏燃料元件进行检测。然而，由于压水堆乏燃料元件具有强放射性，因此一般的检测技术无法应用于其检测。In the field of nuclear industry, in order to realize the quality control of PWR nuclear fuel elements, it is necessary to detect the corresponding spent fuel elements. However, due to the strong radioactivity of PWR spent fuel elements, general detection techniques cannot be applied to its detection.
中子照相技术作为一种先进的无损检测技术被广泛应用于工业领域，具有检测速度快、结果准确、可靠性高等诸多优点。然而压水堆乏燃料元件本身的强放射性会对中子照相产生严重干扰，导致根本无法获取检测成像，因此传统的中子照相技术无法直接应用于乏燃料元件的检测。As an advanced non-destructive testing technology, neutron radiography is widely used in the industrial field, and has many advantages such as fast detection speed, accurate results, and high reliability. However, the strong radioactivity of spent fuel components in PWRs will seriously interfere with neutron radiography, making it impossible to obtain detection images. Therefore, traditional neutron radiography techniques cannot be directly applied to the detection of spent fuel components.
为此，当前的压水堆乏燃料元件中子照相技术采用间接成像方法，以中子转换屏将成像信息转换出来，从而实现乏燃料元件的定性检测，能够获得乏燃料元件芯块开裂、包壳破损、包壳氢聚等缺陷信息。然而，该方法目前仅能完成乏燃料元件的二维检测成像，因此无法获得乏燃料元件芯块碎片形貌、芯块内部颗粒分布、包壳破损状态等缺陷的三维信息。For this reason, the current PWR spent fuel component neutron photography technology adopts indirect imaging method, and neutron conversion screen is used to convert the imaging information, so as to realize the qualitative detection of spent fuel components, and can obtain Defect information such as shell damage and cladding hydrogen accumulation. However, this method can only complete two-dimensional detection and imaging of spent fuel elements at present, so it is impossible to obtain three-dimensional information of defects such as the morphology of spent fuel element pellet fragments, particle distribution inside pellets, and cladding damage.
由于上述缺陷三维信息的获取依赖于乏燃料元件的三维检测成像，但由于目前尚没有成熟的压水堆乏燃料元件三维中子照相无损检测方法可供使用，现有的CT技术也由于种种问题而完全无法适用于乏燃料元件的三维检测成像，因此若要实现压水堆乏燃料元件的三维无损检测，就需要开发一种新的三维中子照相无损检测方法。Since the acquisition of the three-dimensional information of the above-mentioned defects depends on the three-dimensional detection and imaging of spent fuel components, but because there is no mature three-dimensional neutron photography non-destructive testing method for PWR spent fuel components, the existing CT technology is also due to various problems. However, it is completely unsuitable for the three-dimensional inspection and imaging of spent fuel components. Therefore, in order to realize the three-dimensional nondestructive testing of spent fuel components in PWRs, it is necessary to develop a new three-dimensional neutron photography nondestructive testing method.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决压水堆乏燃料元件的无损检测领域中尚没有成熟的三维中子照相方法可供使用的问题，本发明提供了一种压水堆乏燃料元件三维中子照相无损检测方法。In order to solve the problem that there is no mature three-dimensional neutron photography method available in the field of non-destructive testing of PWR spent fuel components, the present invention provides a three-dimensional neutron radiography non-destructive testing method for PWR spent fuel components.
该方法包括以下步骤：The method includes the following steps:
(一)将中子转换屏置于待检测乏燃料元件后方；(1) Place the neutron conversion screen behind the spent fuel element to be tested;
(二)在乏燃料元件前方引入中子束流，中子束流经过乏燃料元件后使中子转换屏曝光，获得一幅乏燃料元件二维成像，曝光一段时间后，移去中子束流；(2) Introduce a neutron beam in front of the spent fuel element. After the neutron beam passes through the spent fuel element, the neutron conversion screen is exposed to obtain a two-dimensional image of the spent fuel element. After a period of exposure, the neutron beam is removed flow;
(三)平移中子转换屏以改变中子束流经过乏燃料元件后在中子转换屏上的投影位置，或者换一张中子转换屏；同时保持乏燃料元件与中子转换屏的距离不变；然后沿乏燃料元件轴心将乏燃料元件旋转一定的角度；(3) Translating the neutron conversion screen to change the projection position of the neutron beam passing through the spent fuel element on the neutron conversion screen, or changing a neutron conversion screen; while keeping the distance between the spent fuel element and the neutron conversion screen unchanged ; Then rotate the spent fuel element by a certain angle along the axis of the spent fuel element;
(四)不断重复步骤(二)和步骤(三)，直至旋转到180度，获得多幅乏燃料元件二维成像；其间，每次引入的中子束流的参数以及曝光时间均相同，乏燃料元件每次旋转的角度也相同；(4) Repeat step (2) and step (3) continuously until the rotation reaches 180 degrees to obtain multiple two-dimensional images of spent fuel elements; during this period, the parameters and exposure time of the neutron beam introduced each time are the same, and the spent fuel element The angle of each rotation of the fuel element is also the same;
(五)在每一幅乏燃料元件二维成像附近的相同位置选取尺寸相同的曝光区域作为该二维成像的数据校正参考区域；(5) Select an exposure area of the same size at the same position near each two-dimensional image of the spent fuel element as the reference area for data correction of the two-dimensional image;
(六)将所得的各幅乏燃料元件二维成像由中子转换屏转移至数字成像板，然后通过读取装置对数字成像板进行扫描，获取各幅乏燃料元件二维成像的检测信息；(6) Transfer the obtained two-dimensional images of each spent fuel element from the neutron conversion screen to a digital imaging plate, and then scan the digital imaging plate through a reading device to obtain the detection information of each two-dimensional image of spent fuel elements;
(七)通过对比各数据校正参考区域的检测信息对各幅乏燃料元件二维成像检测信息进行校正；(7) Correct the two-dimensional imaging detection information of each spent fuel element by comparing the detection information of each data correction reference area;
(八)对校正后的各幅乏燃料元件二维成像检测信息的暗场和明场进行扣除，然后采用CT重建技术进行乏燃料元件成像的三维重建，获得乏燃料元件的三维成像；(8) Deduct the dark field and bright field of the corrected two-dimensional imaging detection information of each spent fuel element, and then use CT reconstruction technology to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the spent fuel element image to obtain a three-dimensional image of the spent fuel element;
(九)通过对三维成像的分析完成乏燃料元件的无损检测。(9) Complete the non-destructive testing of spent fuel components through the analysis of three-dimensional imaging.
所述沿乏燃料元件轴心将乏燃料元件旋转一定的角度优选为1度。The rotation of the spent fuel element by a certain angle along the axis of the spent fuel element is preferably 1 degree.
所述中子转换屏优选为镝屏。The neutron conversion screen is preferably a dysprosium screen.
在三维重建之前，可以对各幅乏燃料元件二维成像进行截取，仅保留乏燃料元件二维成像区域，以节省三维重建的时间和成本。Before the 3D reconstruction, each 2D image of the spent fuel element can be intercepted, and only the 2D imaged area of the spent fuel element can be reserved, so as to save the time and cost of the 3D reconstruction.
本发明的压水堆乏燃料元件三维中子照相无损检测方法通过中子转换屏将乏燃料元件180度范围内的多幅二维成像转移至数字成像板(即IP板)上，然后采用CT重建技术进行乏燃料元件成像的三维重建，从而实现乏燃料元件的无损检测。The three-dimensional neutron photographic non-destructive testing method for spent fuel components of pressurized water reactors of the present invention transfers multiple two-dimensional images within 180 degrees of spent fuel components to a digital imaging board (i.e. IP board) through a neutron conversion screen, and then uses CT Reconstruction technology performs three-dimensional reconstruction of spent fuel element imaging, so as to realize non-destructive testing of spent fuel elements.
在乏燃料元件二维成像的采集过程中，由于各幅二维成像在获取时间上存在先后关系，因此当后面的二维成像形成时，之前获取的二维成像的强度已经由于中子转换屏活化水平的衰减而降低，成为三维重建的障碍。为此，本发明通过采用在每幅二维成像附近曝光区域内选取数据校正参考区域的方式对二维成像强度进行校正，从而解决了由于中子转换屏活化水平衰减而无法进行三维重建的问题。In the acquisition process of two-dimensional images of spent fuel elements, since the acquisition time of each two-dimensional images has a sequence relationship, when the subsequent two-dimensional images are formed, the intensity of the previously acquired two-dimensional images has been reduced by the neutron conversion screen. The attenuation of the activation level decreases, which becomes an obstacle for three-dimensional reconstruction. For this reason, the present invention corrects the two-dimensional imaging intensity by selecting a data correction reference area in the exposure area near each two-dimensional imaging, thereby solving the problem that the three-dimensional reconstruction cannot be performed due to the attenuation of the activation level of the neutron conversion screen .
综上所述，本发明的压水堆乏燃料元件三维中子照相无损检测方法克服了三维成像中所遇到的困难，解决了压水堆乏燃料元件的无损检测领域中没有成熟的三维中子照相方法可供使用的问题。实际应用表明，采用本发明的检测方法能够获得清晰的压水堆乏燃料元件三维成像，能够获得较为精确的乏燃料元件芯块碎片形貌、芯块内部颗粒分布、包壳破损状态等缺陷的完整检测信息，极大的扩展了压水堆乏燃料元件的无损检测信息量，为我国压水堆核燃料元件的质量检测与性能提升提供了有力保障。In summary, the three-dimensional neutron photography non-destructive testing method of PWR spent fuel components of the present invention overcomes the difficulties encountered in three-dimensional imaging, and solves the problem of the lack of mature three-dimensional neutralization methods in the field of nondestructive testing of PWR spent fuel components. Sub-photographic methods are available for use. Practical applications show that the detection method of the present invention can obtain clear three-dimensional imaging of PWR spent fuel elements, and can obtain more accurate defects such as the shape of spent fuel element pellet fragments, the distribution of particles inside the pellets, and the state of cladding damage. The complete testing information has greatly expanded the amount of non-destructive testing information for PWR spent fuel components, and provided a strong guarantee for the quality testing and performance improvement of PWR nuclear fuel components in my country.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1本发明的中子转换屏曝光成像过程示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the exposure imaging process of the neutron conversion screen of the present invention.
附图标记：1.中子转换屏，2.第一幅二维成像，3.第一幅二维成像数据校正参考区域，4.第五幅二维成像，5.第五幅二维成像数据校正参考区域。Reference signs: 1. Neutron conversion screen, 2. The first two-dimensional imaging, 3. The first two-dimensional imaging data correction reference area, 4. The fifth two-dimensional imaging, 5. The fifth two-dimensional imaging Data calibration reference area.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式做进一步的说明。Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例Example
采用本发明的压水堆乏燃料元件三维中子照相无损检测方法对某压水堆核燃料元件进行无损检测，其步骤如下：Using the three-dimensional neutron photography non-destructive testing method of the PWR spent fuel component of the present invention to carry out non-destructive testing of a PWR nuclear fuel component, the steps are as follows:
(一)将中子转换屏置于该乏燃料元件后方；乏燃料元件长度为15cm；(1) Place the neutron conversion screen behind the spent fuel element; the length of the spent fuel element is 15cm;
(二)在乏燃料元件前方引入中子束流，中子束流经过乏燃料元件后使中子转换屏曝光，获得一幅乏燃料元件二维成像，曝光一段时间后，移去中子束流；中子转换屏尺寸为20cm×20cm×0.01cm；(2) Introduce a neutron beam in front of the spent fuel element. After the neutron beam passes through the spent fuel element, the neutron conversion screen is exposed to obtain a two-dimensional image of the spent fuel element. After a period of exposure, the neutron beam is removed flow; the size of the neutron conversion screen is 20cm×20cm×0.01cm;
(三)平移中子转换屏以改变中子束流经过乏燃料元件后在中子转换屏上的投影位置，根据所选用的中子转换屏尺寸，每张中子转换屏可以获取5幅乏燃料元件二维成像(如附图1所示)，然后换一张中子转换屏；同时保持乏燃料元件与中子转换屏的距离不变；然后沿乏燃料元件轴心将乏燃料元件旋转1度；(3) Translate the neutron conversion screen to change the projection position of the neutron beam passing through the spent fuel element on the neutron conversion screen. According to the size of the neutron conversion screen selected, each neutron conversion screen can obtain 5 spent fuel elements Two-dimensional imaging (as shown in Figure 1), and then change a neutron conversion screen; while keeping the distance between the spent fuel element and the neutron conversion screen unchanged; then rotate the spent fuel element by 1 degree along the axis of the spent fuel element;
(四)不断重复步骤(二)和步骤(三)，直至旋转到180度，获得180幅乏燃料元件二维成像；其间，每次引入的中子束流的参数以及曝光时间均相同；(4) Repeat steps (2) and (3) continuously until the rotation reaches 180 degrees, and obtain 180 two-dimensional images of spent fuel elements; during this period, the parameters and exposure time of the neutron beam introduced each time are the same;
(五)在每一幅乏燃料元件二维成像附近的相同位置选取尺寸相同的曝光区域作为该二维成像的数据校正参考区域；(5) Select an exposure area of the same size at the same position near each two-dimensional image of the spent fuel element as the reference area for data correction of the two-dimensional image;
(六)将所得的各幅乏燃料元件二维成像由中子转换屏转移至数字成像板，然后通过读取装置对数字成像板进行扫描，获取各幅乏燃料元件二维成像的检测信息；数字成像板采用通用公司产品，尺寸为20cm×40cm，型号为BASIPMS2040E；读取装置采用通用公司产品，型号为FLA7000；(6) Transfer the obtained two-dimensional images of each spent fuel element from the neutron conversion screen to a digital imaging plate, and then scan the digital imaging plate through a reading device to obtain the detection information of each two-dimensional image of spent fuel elements; The digital imaging board adopts the product of General Company, the size is 20cm×40cm, and the model is BASIPMS2040E; the reading device adopts the product of General Company, the model is FLA7000;
(七)通过对比各数据校正参考区域的检测信息对各幅乏燃料元件二维成像检测信息进行校正；(7) Correct the two-dimensional imaging detection information of each spent fuel element by comparing the detection information of each data correction reference area;
(八)对校正后的各幅乏燃料元件二维成像检测信息的暗场和明场进行扣除，然后采用CT重建技术进行乏燃料元件成像的三维重建，获得乏燃料元件的三维成像；(8) Deduct the dark field and bright field of the corrected two-dimensional imaging detection information of each spent fuel element, and then use CT reconstruction technology to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the spent fuel element image to obtain a three-dimensional image of the spent fuel element;
(九)通过对三维成像的分析完成乏燃料元件的无损检测，具体分析步骤为：旋转乏燃料元件的三维成像，观察乏燃料元件芯块碎片形貌、包壳破损状态；提取乏燃料元件芯块的三维成像，观察芯块内部颗粒分布；提取乏燃料元件包壳存在氢聚部分的三维成像，分析包壳氢聚形态，并测量氢聚体积。(9) Complete the non-destructive testing of spent fuel elements through the analysis of three-dimensional imaging. The specific analysis steps are: rotate the three-dimensional imaging of spent fuel elements, observe the morphology of spent fuel element pellet fragments and the state of cladding damage; extract spent fuel element cores Three-dimensional imaging of the block, observing the particle distribution inside the pellet; extracting the three-dimensional imaging of the hydrogen accumulation part of the cladding of the spent fuel element, analyzing the hydrogen accumulation form of the cladding, and measuring the hydrogen accumulation volume.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510431792.2ACN105161147B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of presurized water reactor spent fuel element three-dimensional neutron photography lossless detection method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510431792.2ACN105161147B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of presurized water reactor spent fuel element three-dimensional neutron photography lossless detection method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105161147Atrue CN105161147A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105161147B CN105161147B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510431792.2AActiveCN105161147B (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | A kind of presurized water reactor spent fuel element three-dimensional neutron photography lossless detection method |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105161147B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106153648A (en)* | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of static high-resolution Micro CT imaging system and apply its formation method |
| CN113008918A (en)* | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Digital imaging plate for neutron photograph nondestructive detection of radioactive sample and neutron photograph nondestructive detection method of radioactive sample |
| CN109791115B (en)* | 2016-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 俄罗斯联邦诺萨顿国家原子能公司 | Neutron radiography method and apparatus for achieving the same |
| CN113916918A (en)* | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-11 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Detection system for neutron photography of radioactive samples |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2599571Y (en)* | 2003-02-28 | 2004-01-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Neutron Phase Contrast Tomography |
| JP2009168496A (en)* | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-30 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | High-speed computerized tomography method and device therefor |
| CN101606082A (en)* | 2006-10-27 | 2009-12-16 | 洛斯阿拉莫斯国家安全股份有限公司 | Statistical tomographic reconstruction based on charged particle measurements |
| CN102280149A (en)* | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-14 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Neutron photography detection device and detection method for nuclear fuel rod of pressurized water reactor |
| CN104095646A (en)* | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-15 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Dual-swirl CT (Computed Tomography) imaging system with high resolution and high SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and imaging method |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2599571Y (en)* | 2003-02-28 | 2004-01-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Neutron Phase Contrast Tomography |
| CN101606082A (en)* | 2006-10-27 | 2009-12-16 | 洛斯阿拉莫斯国家安全股份有限公司 | Statistical tomographic reconstruction based on charged particle measurements |
| JP2009168496A (en)* | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-30 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | High-speed computerized tomography method and device therefor |
| CN102280149A (en)* | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-14 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Neutron photography detection device and detection method for nuclear fuel rod of pressurized water reactor |
| CN104095646A (en)* | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-15 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Dual-swirl CT (Computed Tomography) imaging system with high resolution and high SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and imaging method |
| Title |
|---|
| 张松宝: "热中子层析照相技术研究", 《基础科学辑》* |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106153648A (en)* | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of static high-resolution Micro CT imaging system and apply its formation method |
| CN109791115B (en)* | 2016-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 俄罗斯联邦诺萨顿国家原子能公司 | Neutron radiography method and apparatus for achieving the same |
| CN113008918A (en)* | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Digital imaging plate for neutron photograph nondestructive detection of radioactive sample and neutron photograph nondestructive detection method of radioactive sample |
| CN113008918B (en)* | 2021-02-09 | 2022-07-01 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Digital imaging plate and nondestructive testing method for neutron photography of radioactive samples |
| CN113916918A (en)* | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-11 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Detection system for neutron photography of radioactive samples |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105161147B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10026011B2 (en) | Mask inspection apparatus, mask evaluation method and mask evaluation system | |
| CN105092607B (en) | Spherical optics element surface flaw evaluation method | |
| CN105161147B (en) | A kind of presurized water reactor spent fuel element three-dimensional neutron photography lossless detection method | |
| CN100382763C (en) | A Calibration Method Applicable to the Origin of Projection Coordinates of 3D CT Scanning System | |
| CN102800096B (en) | Robustness estimation algorithm of camera parameter | |
| US20120300054A1 (en) | Method of Extracting Contour Lines of Image Data Obtained By Means of Charged Particle Beam Device, and Contour Line Extraction Device | |
| CN106345072B (en) | The real-time detection method and system of a kind of linear accelerator multi-leaf raster leaf position | |
| CN112288732A (en) | A detection method, device, equipment and system for dispensing glue | |
| Yang et al. | Automatic X-ray inspection for escaped coated particles in spherical fuel elements of high temperature gas-cooled reactor | |
| US20230126979A1 (en) | Method and device for detecting thicknesses of coating layers of nuclear fuel particles | |
| CN104766336A (en) | Three-dimensional CT defect extracting and marking method for solid engine | |
| CN104048600A (en) | Calibration method for reconstruction voxel dimension of X-ray three-dimensional microscope based on optical-coupling detector | |
| CN106408616A (en) | Method of correcting projection background inconsistency in CT imaging | |
| CN108333195A (en) | A method of it is used to detect pipeline wall thickness and whether pipeline corrodes | |
| CN113222937A (en) | Detection method and detection device for appearance peripheral surface defects of nuclear fuel pellet | |
| CN1898698B (en) | Non-destructive method of controlling nuclear reactor components | |
| CN117611591A (en) | Industrial CT detection method and device for battery cell defects, electronic equipment and storage medium | |
| CN112082501B (en) | Three-dimensional dimension measuring method and three-dimensional dimension measuring system for insulator | |
| CN105023622B (en) | A kind of indirect neutron CT imaging devices of presurized water reactor spent fuel element | |
| CN106403811A (en) | X-ray three-dimensional microscope system parameter calibration method based on optical coupler detector | |
| CN103099635B (en) | Graphics processing unit (GPU) digital image system for microscopic captive test (CT) machine and control method of GPU digital image system for microscopic CT machine | |
| CN116664485B (en) | Microcrack defect detection method, system and storage medium for inner arc edge of curved surface screen | |
| CN204857197U (en) | An Indirect Neutron CT Imaging Device for PWR Spent Fuel Components | |
| CN115184146B (en) | DIC-based thin-wall structure buckling strength nondestructive probe measurement method | |
| CN118050295A (en) | In-situ characterization method, device and electronic equipment for microstructure of compost pile |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |