技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种机动车变速器，特别涉及一种电动摩托车外转子电机弓锥摆式自适应自动变速驱动总成。The invention relates to a motor vehicle transmission, in particular to an electric motorcycle outer rotor motor bow cone pendulum self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly.
背景技术Background technique
现有技术中，汽车、摩托车、电动自行车基本上都是通过调速手柄或加速踏板直接控制节气门或电流控制速度，或采用手控机械自动变速机构方式实现变速。手柄或加速踏板的操作完全取决于驾驶人员的操作，常常会造成操作与车行状况不匹配，致使电机运行不稳定，出现堵转现象。In the prior art, automobiles, motorcycles, and electric bicycles basically directly control the throttle or current control speed through a speed control handle or an accelerator pedal, or use a manual mechanical automatic transmission mechanism to realize speed change. The operation of the handle or the accelerator pedal depends entirely on the operation of the driver, which often results in a mismatch between the operation and the driving conditions, resulting in unstable operation of the motor and stalling.
机动车在由乘骑者在不知晓行驶阻力的情况下，仅根据经验操作控制的变速装置，难免存在以下问题：1.在启动、上坡和大负载时、由于行驶阻力增加,迫使电机转速下降在低效率区工作。2.由于没有机械变速器调整扭矩和速度，只能在平原地区推广使用，不能满足山区、丘陵和重负荷条件下使用,缩小了使用范围；3.驱动轮处安装空间小,安装了发动机或电机后很难再容纳自动变速器和其它新技术；4.不具备自适应的功能，不能自动检测、修正和排除驾驶员的操作错误；5.在车速变化突然时，必然造成电机功率与行驶阻力难以匹配。6.续行距离短、爬坡能力差，适应范围小。In motor vehicles, when the rider does not know the driving resistance, the speed change device is only operated and controlled based on experience, which inevitably has the following problems: 1. When starting, going uphill and with a heavy load, the motor speed is forced to increase due to the increase in driving resistance. Descent works in low-efficiency areas. 2. Since there is no mechanical transmission to adjust the torque and speed, it can only be used in plain areas, and it cannot be used in mountainous, hilly and heavy-load conditions, which reduces the scope of use; 3. The installation space at the drive wheel is small, and the engine or motor is installed It is difficult to accommodate automatic transmission and other new technologies in the future; 4. It does not have the function of self-adaptation, and cannot automatically detect, correct and eliminate the driver's operation errors; 5. When the speed changes suddenly, it will inevitably cause the motor power and driving resistance to be difficult. match. 6. The continuation distance is short, the climbing ability is poor, and the adaptability range is small.
为了解决以上问题，本申请发明人发明了一系列的凸轮自适应自动变速装置，利用行驶阻力驱动凸轮，达到自动换挡和根据行驶阻力自适应匹配车速输出扭矩的目的，具有较好的应用效果；前述的凸轮自适应自动变速器虽然具有上述优点，稳定性和高效性较现有技术有较大提高，但是部分零部件结构较为复杂，变速器体积较大，长周期运行零部件变形明显，没有稳定支撑，导致运行噪声较大，影响运行舒适性并影响传动效率，从而能耗较高；并且，由于采用了多个凸轮结构，稳定性依然不够理想；在使用寿命上虽然较现有技术有所提高，但根据结构上的分析，使用寿命仍有改进空间；同时，慢挡传动由于采用凸轮副传动，虽然能够锁住变速弹性元件，但在在回位过程中会有顿挫感以及出现噪声，增加加成的不舒适感。In order to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present application have invented a series of cam adaptive automatic transmission devices, which use driving resistance to drive the cam to achieve the purpose of automatic gear shifting and adaptive matching of vehicle speed output torque according to driving resistance, which has a good application effect ; Although the aforementioned cam adaptive automatic transmission has the above-mentioned advantages, its stability and high efficiency are greatly improved compared with the prior art, but the structure of some parts is relatively complicated, the volume of the transmission is large, and the deformation of the long-term running parts is obvious, and there is no stability. support, resulting in greater operating noise, affecting operating comfort and affecting transmission efficiency, resulting in higher energy consumption; and, due to the use of multiple cam structures, the stability is still not ideal; although the service life is somewhat better than that of the existing technology However, according to the structural analysis, there is still room for improvement in the service life; at the same time, because the slow gear transmission adopts the cam pair transmission, although the variable speed elastic element can be locked, there will be frustration and noise during the return process. Increases the discomfort of bonuses.
因此，需要一种对上述凸轮自适应自动变速装置进行改进，不但能够自适应随行驶阻力变化不切断驱动力的情况下自动进行换挡变速，解决扭矩—转速变化小不能满足复杂条件下道路使用的问题；长周期运行依然保证稳定支撑，降低运行噪声，并且在慢挡传动回位释放变速弹性件时具有较好的平稳性和顺畅性，消除顿挫感和噪声，利于进一步提高工作效率，具有更好的节能降耗效果，并提高使用寿命。Therefore, there is a need for an improvement to the above-mentioned cam adaptive automatic transmission device, which can not only adapt to the change of driving resistance without cutting off the driving force, but also automatically shift gears and change gears, and solve the problem that small torque-rotational speed changes cannot meet road use under complex conditions. problems; long-term operation still guarantees stable support, reduces operating noise, and has better stability and smoothness when the slow transmission is returned to release the variable speed elastic member, eliminating frustration and noise, which is conducive to further improving work efficiency. Better energy-saving and consumption-reducing effect, and prolong service life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种电动摩托车外转子电机弓锥摆式自适应自动变速驱动总成，不但能够自适应随行驶阻力变化不切断驱动力的情况下自动进行换挡变速，解决扭矩—转速变化小不能满足复杂条件下道路使用的问题；长周期运行依然保证稳定支撑，降低运行噪声，并且在慢挡传动回位释放变速弹性件时具有较好的平稳性和顺畅性，消除顿挫感和噪声，利于进一步提高工作效率，具有更好的节能降耗效果，并提高使用寿命。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric motorcycle outer rotor motor bow cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly, which can not only adapt to the change of driving resistance without cutting off the driving force, but also automatically perform gear shifting. , to solve the problem that small torque-rotational speed changes cannot meet the problem of road use under complex conditions; long-term operation still ensures stable support, reduces operating noise, and has better stability and smoothness when the slow transmission returns to release the transmission elastic member , Eliminate frustration and noise, help to further improve work efficiency, have better energy saving and consumption reduction effects, and increase service life.
本发明的电动摩托车外转子电机弓锥摆式自适应自动变速驱动总成，包括驱动电机、箱体和与箱体转动配合且将动力输出的传动轴，还包括慢挡传动机构和设置在传动轴上的机械智能化自适应变速总成；The electric motorcycle outer rotor motor bow-cone pendulum self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly of the present invention includes a drive motor, a box body and a drive shaft that rotates with the box body and outputs power, and also includes a slow gear transmission mechanism and a Mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly on the transmission shaft;
机械智能化自适应变速总成包括圆环体轴向外锥套、圆环体轴向内锥套和变速弹性元件；The mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly includes the axial outer taper sleeve of the torus, the axial inner taper sleeve of the torus and the variable speed elastic element;
圆环体轴向内锥套内圆为轴向锥面，圆环体轴向外锥套外圆为轴向锥面，圆环体轴向内锥套以锥面互相配合的方式套在圆环体轴向外锥套外圆周形成传递快档的锥面传动副；变速弹性元件对圆环体轴向外锥套施加使其外锥面与圆环体轴向内锥套的内锥面贴合传动的预紧力；所述传动轴动力输出时，主传动凸轮副对圆环体轴向外锥套施加与变速弹性元件预紧力相反的轴向分力；所述圆环体轴向外锥套外套于传动轴且与其通过主传动凸轮副传动配合；The inner circle of the axially inner taper sleeve of the torus is an axial cone surface, the outer circle of the axially outer taper sleeve of the torus is an axial taper surface, and the axially inner taper sleeve of the torus is set on the circle in a manner that the cone surfaces cooperate with each other. The outer circumference of the axial outer tapered sleeve of the ring body forms a conical surface transmission pair for transmitting fast gear; the variable speed elastic element exerts force on the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body so that the outer tapered surface and the inner tapered surface of the axial inner tapered sleeve of the annular body The pretightening force of the fit transmission; when the power output of the transmission shaft, the main transmission cam pair exerts an axial component force opposite to the pretightening force of the variable speed elastic element on the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body; the shaft of the annular body The outward tapered sleeve fits over the transmission shaft and cooperates with it through the main transmission cam pair;
所述慢挡传动机构包括超越离合器和中间减速传动机构，所述超越离合器包括外圈、内圈和滚动体，所述外圈和内圈之间形成用于通过滚动体啮合或分离的啮合空间，所述外圈轴向端面形成环形凹陷，所述内圈转动配合设置于该环形凹陷内且啮合空间形成于内圈外圆与环形凹陷径向外侧的内壁之间；所述圆环体轴向内锥套通过中间减速机构将动力输入至超越离合器外圈，所述超越离合器内圈将慢档动力传递输出至圆环体轴向外锥套；The slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling elements, and an engagement space for engaging or separating through the rolling elements is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring , the axial end surface of the outer ring forms an annular depression, the inner ring is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the engagement space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression; the shaft of the annular body The inward taper sleeve inputs power to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch outputs the slow gear power transmission to the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body;
所述超越离合器通过慢档凸轮啮合副将慢档动力传递输出；所述慢档凸轮啮合副至少包括一个摆式端面凸轮啮合副，摆式端面凸轮啮合副由具有双向端面凸轮形线的双向端面凸轮构成；The overrunning clutch transmits and outputs slow gear power through the slow gear cam engagement pair; the slow gear cam engagement pair includes at least one pendulum end face cam engagement pair, and the pendulum end face cam engagement pair consists of a bidirectional end cam with a bidirectional end cam shape line. constitute;
所述驱动电机为外转子电机，外转子电机的定子固定于箱体，外转子与圆环体轴向内锥套传动配合。The driving motor is an outer rotor motor, the stator of the outer rotor motor is fixed on the box body, and the outer rotor is in transmission cooperation with the inner tapered sleeve in the axial direction of the ring body.
进一步，摆式端面凸轮啮合副包括摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ，摆式端面凸轮啮合副由摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ通过设有的具有双向端面凸轮形线的双向端面凸轮啮合构成；Further, the pendulum end cam engagement pair includes pendulum cam disc I and pendulum cam disc II, and the pendulum end cam disc I and pendulum cam disc II pass through the two-way end cam-shaped line. Two-way end face cam meshing structure;
进一步，摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ均设有沿圆周方向的双向凸轮槽，所述双向凸轮槽为由中间向两端逐渐变浅的结构，所述摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ之间通过双向凸轮槽内设有的凸轮滚动体啮合传动；Further, both the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II are provided with two-way cam grooves along the circumferential direction, and the two-way cam grooves are gradually shallower from the middle to both ends, and the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc The two-way cam rollers in the two-way cam grooves are engaged and driven between the cam discs II;
进一步，所述超越离合器的内圈和摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ在圆周方向传动配合，圆环体轴向外锥套和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ之间通过凸轮副在圆周方向传动配合；所述超越离合器的内圈在使变速器动力输出旋转方向上与外圈之间超越；Further, the inner ring of the overrunning clutch and the pendulum cam disc I are driven and matched in the circumferential direction, and the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body and the pendulum cam disc II are driven and matched in the circumferential direction through a cam pair; the overrunning clutch The inner ring of the transmission exceeds the outer ring in the direction of rotation of the power output of the transmission;
进一步，所述超越离合器还包括支撑辊组件，所述支承辊组件至少包括平行于超越离合器轴线并与滚动体间隔设置的支承辊，所述支承辊外圆与相邻的滚动体外圆接触，所述支承辊以在超越离合器的圆周方向可运动的方式设置；Further, the overrunning clutch also includes a support roller assembly, the support roller assembly at least includes a support roller parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced from the rolling body, the outer circle of the support roller is in contact with the outer circle of the adjacent rolling body, so The supporting roller is arranged in a movable manner in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch;
进一步，所述内圈轴向延伸出外圈的环形凹陷且延伸部内圆具有可与传动轴配合的内圈支撑部，所述外圈内圆具有可与传动轴配合的外圈支撑部。Further, the inner ring axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring, and the inner circle of the extension part has an inner ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft, and the inner circle of the outer ring has an outer ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft.
进一步，所述支承辊组件还包括支承辊支架，所述支承辊以可沿超越离合器圆周方向滑动和绕自身轴线转动的方式通过支承辊支架支撑于外圈的环形凹陷径向外侧的内壁和内圈外圆之间；Further, the backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall and the inner wall of the radially outer side of the annular depression of the outer ring through the backup roller bracket in such a manner that it can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. between the outer circles;
进一步，所述支承辊支架包括对应于支承辊两端设置的撑环Ⅰ和撑环Ⅱ，所述撑环Ⅰ和撑环Ⅱ分别设有用于供支承辊两端穿入的沿撑环Ⅰ和撑环Ⅱ圆周方向的环形槽，所述支承辊两端与对应的环形槽滑动配合；所述外圈的环形凹陷轴向底部设有用于通过润滑油的过油孔，所述撑环Ⅰ位于环形凹陷轴向底部且撑环Ⅰ的环形槽槽底设有轴向通孔；Further, the support roll bracket includes support ring I and support ring II corresponding to the two ends of the support roll, and the support ring I and support ring II are respectively provided with support ring I and support rings for the two ends of the support roll to penetrate. There is an annular groove in the circumferential direction of the support ring II, and the two ends of the support roller are slidably fitted with the corresponding annular groove; the axial bottom of the annular depression of the outer ring is provided with an oil hole for passing lubricating oil, and the support ring I is located at The axial bottom of the annular depression and the bottom of the annular groove of the support ring I are provided with an axial through hole;
进一步，所述主传动凸轮副由所述圆环体轴向外锥套内圆设有的内螺旋凸轮和传动轴设有的外螺旋凸轮相互配合形成；Further, the main transmission cam pair is formed by the mutual cooperation of the inner helical cam provided on the inner circle of the outer taper sleeve of the annular body and the outer helical cam provided on the transmission shaft;
进一步，所述驱动电机的外转子通过传动支架与圆环体轴向内锥套传动配合，所述传动支架形成通过轴承与箱体转动配合的支撑部；传动支架一端与圆环体轴向内锥套连接并传动配合，远离圆环体轴向内锥套的一端转动配合支撑于变速箱体，所述变速弹性元件位于传动支架与传动轴之间的空间且外套于外套于传动轴；Further, the outer rotor of the drive motor is driven and matched with the axially inner tapered sleeve of the annular body through the transmission bracket, and the transmission bracket forms a support part that is rotatably matched with the box through the bearing; The tapered sleeve is connected and fitted with transmission, and the end of the tapered sleeve away from the axial direction of the annular body is rotated and supported on the gearbox body. The variable speed elastic element is located in the space between the transmission bracket and the transmission shaft and is sleeved on the transmission shaft;
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的电动摩托车外转子电机弓锥摆式自适应自动变速驱动总成，具有现有凸轮自适应自动变速装置的全部优点，如能根据行驶阻力检测驱动扭矩—转速以及行驶阻力—车速信号，使电机输出功率与车辆行驶状况始终处于最佳匹配状态，实现车辆驱动力矩与综合行驶阻力的平衡控制，在不切断驱动力的情况下自适应随行驶阻力变化自动进行换挡变速；可以满足山区、丘陵和重负荷条件下使用，使电机负荷变化平缓，机动车辆运行平稳，提高安全性；The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the electric motorcycle outer rotor motor bow cone pendulum self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly of the present invention has all the advantages of the existing cam self-adaptive automatic variable speed device, if the driving torque can be detected according to the running resistance— Rotational speed and driving resistance-vehicle speed signal, so that the output power of the motor and the driving condition of the vehicle are always in the best matching state, realizing the balance control of the vehicle's driving torque and comprehensive driving resistance, and automatically adapting to changes in driving resistance without cutting off the driving force Carry out gear shifting; it can be used in mountainous areas, hills and under heavy load conditions, so that the motor load changes smoothly, the motor vehicle runs smoothly, and the safety is improved;
同时，本变速器的慢档传动机构的超越离合器采用内圈位于内圈所形成的环形凹陷内的结构，内圈从结构上嵌入外圈，使内圈和外圈之间形成相互支撑的影响，避免传统结构上内圈直接支撑于传动轴的结构，也避免了传动误差在超越离合器上被放大的问题，不但保证超越离合器的整体稳定性，还使得变速器长周期运行依然保证稳定支撑，降低运行噪声，保证运行舒适性并提高传动效率，提高使用寿命和运行精度，适用于重载和高速的使用环境；慢挡传动和锁紧弹性元件采用由双向端面凸轮构成的摆式端面凸轮啮合副，在换挡过程中具有摆动缓冲，释放变速弹性件时具有较好的平稳性和顺畅性，消除顿挫感和噪声，利于进一步提高工作效率；降低换挡过程中的传动能耗，具有更好的节能降耗效果，并提高使用寿命，大大提高车辆的动力性、经济性、驾驶安全性和舒适性。At the same time, the overrunning clutch of the slow gear transmission mechanism of this transmission adopts a structure in which the inner ring is located in the annular depression formed by the inner ring, and the inner ring is embedded in the outer ring from the structure, so that the inner ring and the outer ring form a mutual support effect, It avoids the structure in which the inner ring is directly supported on the transmission shaft in the traditional structure, and also avoids the problem that the transmission error is magnified on the overrunning clutch. It not only ensures the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, but also ensures stable support for the long-term operation of the transmission, reducing running time. Noise, ensure running comfort and improve transmission efficiency, improve service life and running accuracy, suitable for heavy-duty and high-speed environments; slow gear transmission and locking elastic elements adopt pendulum-type end-face cam engagement pairs composed of two-way end-face cams, It has a swing buffer during the shifting process, and it has better stability and smoothness when releasing the shifting elastic member, eliminating frustration and noise, which is conducive to further improving work efficiency; reducing transmission energy consumption during the shifting process, and has better performance. The effect of saving energy and reducing consumption, and increasing the service life, greatly improving the power, economy, driving safety and comfort of the vehicle.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1为本发明的轴向剖面结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the axial sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为双向端面凸轮结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a two-way end face cam;
图3为超越离合器结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an overrunning clutch;
图4为超越离合器轴向剖面示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial section of an overrunning clutch.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图1为本发明的轴向剖面结构示意图，图2为双向端面凸轮结构示意图，图3为超越离合器结构示意图，图4为超越离合器轴向剖面示意图，如图所示：本发明的电动摩托车外转子电机弓锥摆式自适应自动变速驱动总成，包括驱动电机8、箱体3和与箱体3转动配合且将动力输出的传动轴，还包括慢挡传动机构和设置在传动轴上的机械智能化自适应变速总成；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the axial section structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-way end face cam, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overrunning clutch, Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the axial section of the overrunning clutch, as shown in the figure: the electric motorcycle of the present invention Outer rotor motor bow-cone pendulum self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly, including drive motor 8, box body 3, and transmission shaft that rotates and cooperates with box body 3 and outputs power, and also includes slow gear transmission mechanism and is arranged on the transmission shaft Mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly;
机械智能化自适应变速总成包括圆环体轴向外锥套6、圆环体轴向内锥套7和变速弹性元件；The mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly includes the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body, the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the annular body and the variable speed elastic element;
环体轴向内锥套7内圆为轴向锥面，圆环体轴向外锥套6外圆为轴向锥面，环体轴向内锥套7以锥面互相配合的方式套在圆环体轴向外锥套6外圆周形成传递快档的锥面传动副；变速弹性元件对圆环体轴向外锥套6施加使其外锥面与环体轴向内锥套7的内锥面贴合传动的预紧力；所述传动轴动力输出时，主传动凸轮副对圆环体轴向外锥套6施加与变速弹性元件预紧力相反的轴向分力；所述圆环体轴向外锥套6外套于传动轴且与其通过主传动凸轮副传动配合；The inner circle of the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the ring body is an axial cone surface, the outer circle of the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body is an axial tapered surface, and the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the ring body is set on the The outer circumference of the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body forms a conical transmission pair for fast gear transmission; the variable speed elastic element applies the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body so that the outer tapered surface and the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the annular body The inner tapered surface fits the pretightening force of the transmission; when the power output of the transmission shaft, the main transmission cam pair exerts an axial component force opposite to the pretightening force of the variable speed elastic element on the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body; The axial outer taper sleeve 6 of the annular body is overlaid on the transmission shaft and cooperates with it through the transmission of the main transmission cam pair;
所述慢挡传动机构包括超越离合器和中间减速传动机构，所述超越离合器包括外圈15、内圈14和滚动体，所述外圈15和内圈14之间形成用于通过滚动体啮合或分离的啮合空间，所述外圈15轴向端面形成环形凹陷，所述内圈14转动配合设置于该环形凹陷内且啮合空间形成于内圈14外圆与环形凹陷径向外侧的内壁之间；所述环体轴向内锥套7通过中间减速机构将动力输入至超越离合器外圈15，所述超越离合器内圈14将慢档动力传递输出至圆环体轴向外锥套6；超越离合器的滚动体和啮合空间的结构属于现有技术，在此不再赘述；由于外圈15轴向端面形成环形凹陷，其经向剖视图则形成类似于弓状结构，安装内圈14后对内圈14形成径向的支撑；采用内圈14位于外圈15所形成的环形凹陷内的结构，内圈14从结构上嵌入外圈15，使内圈14和外圈15之间形成相互支撑的影响，避免传统结构上内圈14直接支撑于传动轴的结构，也避免了传动误差在超越离合器上被放大的问题，不但保证超越离合器的整体稳定性，还提高使用寿命和运行精度，适用于重载和高速的使用环境；中间减速传动机构可以是一级齿轮减速传动或者其他减速传动结构，该中间减速传动机构能够保证圆环体轴向外锥套6传递至超越离合器的外圈15的转速低于圆环体轴向外锥套6的转速；为实现本发明的发明目的，所述超越离合器的内圈14在动力输出件输出旋转方向上与外圈15之间超越；如图所示，所述中间减速传动机构包括慢档中间轴、设置于慢档中间轴与其传动配合的第一慢档齿轮和第二慢档齿轮，慢档中间轴通过径向滚动轴承转动配合于变速器箱体3；与所述圆环体轴向外锥套6传动配合(花键等传动结构)设有慢档主动齿轮13，所述慢档主动齿轮与第一慢档齿轮10啮合传动配合，第二慢档齿轮12与超越离合器的外圈15啮合传动；结构简单紧凑，实现慢档的动力传递；所述超越离合器通过慢档凸轮啮合副将慢档动力传递输出；所述慢档凸轮啮合副至少包括一个摆式端面凸轮啮合副，摆式端面凸轮啮合副由具有双向端面凸轮形线的双向端面凸轮构成；双向端面凸轮指的是能够实现双向啮合的端面凸轮；利于在慢档传动转为快档过程中消除换挡顿挫，可使慢档和快档从同轴的两个方向输入至动力输出件，具有较好的适应性，并且节约驱动效率；The slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, and the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring 15, an inner ring 14 and rolling elements, and the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14 are formed between the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14 for engaging or A separate meshing space, the axial end surface of the outer ring 15 forms an annular depression, the inner ring 14 is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the meshing space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring 14 and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression ; The axial inner taper sleeve 7 of the ring body inputs power to the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch outputs the slow gear power transmission to the axial outer taper sleeve 6 of the annular body; The structure of the rolling body and the meshing space of the clutch belongs to the prior art, and will not be repeated here; since the axial end surface of the outer ring 15 forms an annular depression, its meridional cross-sectional view forms a bow-like structure, and the inner ring 14 is installed. The ring 14 forms a radial support; the structure in which the inner ring 14 is located in the annular depression formed by the outer ring 15 is adopted, and the inner ring 14 is embedded in the outer ring 15 from the structure, so that a mutual support is formed between the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 15 It avoids the structure in which the inner ring 14 is directly supported on the transmission shaft in the traditional structure, and also avoids the problem that the transmission error is magnified on the overrunning clutch. It not only ensures the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, but also improves the service life and operating accuracy. It is suitable for Heavy-duty and high-speed operating environment; the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism can be a first-stage gear reduction transmission or other reduction transmission structure, and the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism can ensure that the axial direction of the annular body is transmitted from the outer tapered sleeve 6 to the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch. The rotating speed is lower than the rotating speed of the outer tapered sleeve 6 in the axial direction of the annular body; in order to realize the inventive purpose of the present invention, the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch surpasses between the outer ring 15 on the output rotation direction of the power output member; as shown in the figure As shown, the intermediate deceleration transmission mechanism includes a slow gear intermediate shaft, a first slow gear and a second slow gear arranged on the slow gear intermediate shaft for transmission cooperation with the slow gear intermediate shaft, and the slow gear intermediate shaft is rotatably matched with the transmission case through a radial rolling bearing 3. A slow gear drive gear 13 is provided for transmission cooperation with the axially outer taper sleeve 6 of the annular body (transmission structure such as a spline), and the slow gear drive gear meshes with the first slow gear 10 for transmission cooperation, and the second slow gear gear is engaged with the first slow gear 10. The slow gear 12 is meshed with the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch for transmission; the structure is simple and compact, and the power transmission of the slow gear is realized; the overrunning clutch transmits the slow gear power through the slow gear cam meshing pair; the slow gear cam meshing pair includes at least A pendulum end face cam engagement pair, the pendulum end face cam engagement pair is composed of a two-way end face cam with a two-way end face cam shape line; a two-way end face cam refers to an end face cam that can achieve two-way meshing; Eliminate shifting frustration during the process, so that the slow gear and fast gear can be input to the power output from two coaxial directions, which has better adaptability and saves driving efficiency;
所述驱动电机为外转子电机，外转子电机的定子固定于箱体3，外转子9与环体轴向内锥套7传动配合。The driving motor is an outer rotor motor, the stator of the outer rotor motor is fixed on the box body 3, and the outer rotor 9 is in transmission cooperation with the inner tapered sleeve 7 in the axial direction of the ring body.
本实施例中，所述驱动电机的外转子9通过传动支架与环体轴向内锥套7传动配合，所述传动支架形成通过轴承与箱体3转动配合的支撑部；该结构利于形成稳定的支撑传动，同时，结构紧凑，便于安装使用；如图所示，传动支架5一端形成通过轴承与箱体3转动配合的支撑部，另一端与与圆环体轴向外锥套6传动配合，并形成支撑。In this embodiment, the outer rotor 9 of the driving motor is driven and matched with the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the ring body through the transmission bracket, and the transmission bracket forms a support part that rotates and cooperates with the box body 3 through the bearing; this structure is conducive to forming a stable At the same time, it has a compact structure and is easy to install and use; as shown in the figure, one end of the transmission bracket 5 forms a support part that rotates with the box body 3 through the bearing, and the other end is in transmission cooperation with the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body , and form a support.
本实施例中，摆式端面凸轮啮合副包括摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ，摆式端面凸轮啮合副由摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ通过设有的具有双向端面凸轮形线的双向端面凸轮啮合构成；可以是摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ均设有端面凸轮，也可以是其中之一设置端面凸轮，均能实现发明目的。In this embodiment, the pendulum end cam engagement pair includes pendulum cam disc I and pendulum cam disc II. The two-way end-face cam meshing structure of the shape line; both the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II can be provided with an end cam, or one of them can be provided with an end cam, both of which can realize the purpose of the invention.
本实施例中，摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ16均设有沿圆周方向的双向凸轮槽，所述双向凸轮槽为由中间向两端逐渐变浅的结构，所述摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ16之间通过双向凸轮槽内设有的凸轮滚动体10啮合传动；通过凸轮滚动体10形成双向啮合，具有较好的导向性，同时，减小凸轮啮合摩擦，降低能耗；凸轮滚动体一般为滚珠。In this embodiment, both the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II16 are provided with two-way cam grooves along the circumferential direction. The cam rolling element 10 provided in the two-way cam groove is used for meshing transmission between I and the pendulum cam plate II16; the two-way meshing is formed by the cam rolling element 10, which has better guiding performance, and at the same time, reduces the cam meshing friction and reduces energy consumption. Consumption; the cam rolling body is generally a ball.
本实施例中，所述超越离合器的内圈14和摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ在圆周方向传动配合，结构简单紧凑，制作、使用和维护成本较低，且传动稳定；圆环体轴向外锥套4和摆式凸轮盘Ⅱ16之间通过凸轮副在圆周方向传动配合，增加传动的柔顺性；当然，在空间条件具备的情况下，也可为多个凸轮副；所述超越离合器的内圈在使变速器动力输出旋转方向上与外圈之间超越。In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch and the pendulum cam disc I are driven and matched in the circumferential direction, the structure is simple and compact, the production, use and maintenance costs are low, and the transmission is stable; 4 and the pendulum cam plate II16 through the cam pair in the circumferential direction to increase the flexibility of the transmission; of course, if the space conditions are available, it can also be multiple cam pairs; the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is in the Overrun between the transmission power output rotation direction and the outer ring.
超越离合器内圈14与圆环体轴向外锥套6通过摆式端面凸轮啮合副传动配合并将慢挡动力由中间减速传动机构的动力输出端传递至圆环体轴向外锥套6，当然，中间还可设置中间凸轮套而形成多个凸轮副传动；慢档形成传动时，利用摆式端面凸轮啮合副、凸轮副、主传动凸轮副的轴向分力压紧弹性元件形成锁紧，并且形成慢档传动；本实施例中，所述主传动凸轮副由所述圆环体轴向外锥套6内圆设有的内螺旋凸轮6a和传动轴1设有的外螺旋凸轮1a相互配合形成，构成螺旋凸轮副；所述传动轴1延伸出箱体3的轴段传动配合设有用于与轮毂传动配合的传动件2，如图所示，该传动件2为用于与轮毂连接的传动盘结构；如图所示，圆环体轴向内锥套7外缘与传动支架8传动配合；所述圆环体轴向外锥套6外套于传动轴1且内圆设有内螺旋凸轮6a，传动轴1设有与内螺旋凸轮相配合的外螺旋凸轮1a共同形成螺旋凸轮副；螺旋凸轮副即为相互配合的螺纹结构，二者均为螺旋槽，并内嵌滚珠18形成啮合传动结构；圆环体轴向外锥套6转动时，通过螺旋凸轮副对传动轴1产生轴向和圆周方向两个分力，其中圆周方向分力驱动传动轴1转动并输出动力，轴向分力被传动轴1的安装结构抵消，其反作用力作用于圆环体轴向外锥套6并施加于变速弹性元件4；在轴向分力达到设定数值时对弹性元件形成压缩，使得圆环体轴向外锥套6和圆环体轴向内锥套7分离，形成变速的条件，属于现有技术的结构，在此不再赘述；当然，螺旋凸轮副是本实施例的优选结构，也可采用现有的其它凸轮副驱动，比如端面凸轮等等，但螺旋凸轮副能够使本结构更为紧凑，制造、安装以及维修更为方便，并且螺旋结构传动平稳，受力均匀，具有无可比拟的稳定性和顺滑性，进一步提高工作效率，具有更好的节能降耗效果，较大的控制车辆排放，更适用于轻便的两轮车等轻便车辆使用。The inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch cooperates with the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body through the pendulum end face cam engagement pair transmission and transmits the slow gear power from the power output end of the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism to the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body. Of course, an intermediate cam sleeve can also be arranged in the middle to form a plurality of cam pair transmissions; when the slow gear forms a transmission, the axial component force of the pendulum end face cam engagement pair, the cam pair, and the main transmission cam pair is used to press the elastic element to form a locking , and forms a slow gear transmission; in this embodiment, the main transmission cam pair consists of the inner helical cam 6a provided on the inner circle of the outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body axially and the outer helical cam 1a provided on the transmission shaft 1 Cooperate with each other to form a spiral cam pair; the shaft section of the transmission shaft 1 extending out of the box body 3 is equipped with a transmission part 2 for driving with the hub. As shown in the figure, the transmission part 2 is used for connecting with the hub The structure of the connected transmission disc; as shown in the figure, the outer edge of the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the annular body is in transmission with the transmission bracket 8; The inner helical cam 6a, the transmission shaft 1 is provided with the outer helical cam 1a matched with the inner helical cam to form a helical cam pair; A meshing transmission structure is formed; when the annular body axially rotates the outer tapered sleeve 6, two component forces in the axial and circumferential directions are generated on the transmission shaft 1 through the spiral cam pair, and the circumferential direction component drives the transmission shaft 1 to rotate and output power. The axial component force is offset by the installation structure of the transmission shaft 1, and its reaction force acts on the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body and is applied to the variable speed elastic element 4; when the axial component force reaches the set value, the elastic element is compressed , so that the annular body axially outer taper sleeve 6 and the annular body axially inner taper sleeve 7 are separated to form the condition for shifting speed, which belongs to the structure of the prior art and will not be described in detail here; of course, the spiral cam pair is the present embodiment. The preferred structure of the existing cam pair can also be driven by other existing cam pairs, such as end face cams, etc., but the spiral cam pair can make the structure more compact, and the manufacturing, installation and maintenance are more convenient, and the transmission of the helical structure is stable and the force is stable. Uniform, with unparalleled stability and smoothness, further improve work efficiency, have a better effect of energy saving and consumption reduction, greater control of vehicle emissions, and are more suitable for light vehicles such as light two-wheelers.
如图所示，慢档主动齿轮转动配合外套于超越离合器内圈14形成的支撑部和环体轴向内锥套7形成的轴套部位，即超越离合器内圈14和圆环体轴向外锥套6之间的凸轮副传动部位；并且慢档主动齿轮与圆环体轴向外锥套6传动配合；总体结构简单紧凑，利于组装，适合于外转子电机传动的结构。As shown in the figure, the slow gear driving gear rotates and fits over the support part formed by the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch and the shaft sleeve part formed by the axially inner taper sleeve 7 of the ring body, that is, the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch and the axially outward side of the ring body The cam pair transmission part between the taper sleeves 6; and the slow gear driving gear is in transmission cooperation with the outer taper sleeve 6 of the annular body axially; the overall structure is simple and compact, which is convenient for assembly and is suitable for the structure of the outer rotor motor drive.
本实施例中，超越离合器还包括支撑辊组件，所述支承辊组件至少包括平行于超越离合器轴线并与滚动体间隔设置的支承辊20，所述支承辊外圆与相邻的滚动体21外圆接触，所述支承辊以在超越离合器的圆周方向可运动的方式设置；独立于外圈15和内圈14的支承辊结构，并采用随动的结构，用于保持滚动体之间的间距，取消现有技术的弹性元件和限位座，避免在外圈15或内圈14上直接加工限位座，简化加工过程，提高工作效率，降低加工成本，保证加工及装配精度，延长使用寿命并保证传动效果，并且相关部件损坏后容易更换，降低维修和使用成本；由于采用支承辊4结构，不采用单独的弹性元件，可以理论上无限延长超越离合器和滚动体的轴向长度，增加啮合长度，也就是说，能够根据承重需要增加超越离合器的轴向长度，从而增加超越离合器的承载能力，并减小在较高承载能力下的超越离合器径向尺寸，延长超越离合器的使用寿命；同时，由于支承辊直接与滚动体接触，特别是采用滚柱结构时，消除现有技术的对滚柱的点接触施加预紧力所产生的不平衡的可能，保证在较长轴向尺寸的前提下对滚动体的限位平衡性，使其不偏离与内圈14轴线的平行，从而保证超越离合器的稳定运行，避免机械故障；采用支撑辊结构，滚动体一般采用滚柱结构；In this embodiment, the overrunning clutch further includes a backing roller assembly, and the backing roller assembly at least includes a backing roller 20 parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced from the rolling elements. Circular contact, the support roller is set in a movable manner in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch; the support roller structure is independent of the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14, and adopts a follow-up structure to maintain the distance between the rolling elements , cancel the elastic element and limit seat of the prior art, avoid directly processing the limit seat on the outer ring 15 or inner ring 14, simplify the processing process, improve work efficiency, reduce processing cost, ensure processing and assembly accuracy, prolong service life and The transmission effect is guaranteed, and the relevant parts are easy to replace after damage, reducing maintenance and use costs; due to the use of the supporting roller 4 structure, without using a separate elastic element, the axial length of the overrunning clutch and rolling body can be extended theoretically infinitely, and the meshing length can be increased , that is to say, the axial length of the overrunning clutch can be increased according to the load-bearing requirements, thereby increasing the load-carrying capacity of the overrunning clutch, and reducing the radial dimension of the overrunning clutch under a higher load-bearing capacity, prolonging the service life of the overrunning clutch; at the same time, Since the backup rollers are in direct contact with the rolling elements, especially when the roller structure is adopted, the possibility of unbalance caused by applying pretightening force to the point contact of the rollers in the prior art is eliminated, ensuring that the axial dimension is relatively long The limit balance of the rolling body keeps it from deviating from the parallel axis of the inner ring 14, so as to ensure the stable operation of the overrunning clutch and avoid mechanical failure; the support roller structure is adopted, and the rolling body generally adopts a roller structure;
所述支承辊组件还包括支承辊支架，所述支承辊以可沿超越离合器圆周方向滑动和绕自身轴线转动的方式通过支承辊支架支撑于外圈15的环形凹陷径向外侧的内壁和内圈14外圆之间；本结构保证支承辊的转动或者滑动自由度，从而进一步保证支承辊的随动性，使得滚动体与支承辊之间在超越离合器运行时形成滚动摩擦，减少功耗，并使得超越离合器的稳定性较好；The backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall and the inner ring radially outside the annular recess of the outer ring 15 through the backup roller bracket in a manner that can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. 14 between the outer circles; this structure guarantees the freedom of rotation or sliding of the support roller, thereby further ensuring the follow-up of the support roller, so that rolling friction is formed between the rolling body and the support roller when the overrunning clutch is running, reducing power consumption, and Make the stability of the overrunning clutch better;
本实施例中，所述支承辊支架包括对应于支承辊两端设置的撑环Ⅰ19和撑环Ⅱ22，所述撑环Ⅰ19和撑环Ⅱ22分别设有用于供支承辊20两端穿入的沿撑环Ⅰ19和撑环Ⅱ22圆周方向的环形槽(图中表示出了撑环Ⅰ19上的环形槽19a，撑环Ⅱ22上的环形槽22a与撑环Ⅰ上的环形槽结构类似并均向内)，所述支承辊两端与对应的环形槽滑动配合，即支承辊的一端穿入撑环Ⅰ上的环形槽，另一端穿入撑环Ⅱ上的环形槽；采用环形槽的安装结构，结构简单，装配容易，进一步使得超越离合器的结构简化，降低成本。In this embodiment, the support roll bracket includes support ring I19 and support ring II22 corresponding to the two ends of the support roll. Annular grooves in the circumferential direction of the support ring I19 and the support ring II22 (the figure shows the annular groove 19a on the support ring I19, and the annular groove 22a on the support ring II22 is similar in structure to the annular groove on the support ring I and both are inward) , the two ends of the support roller are slidably matched with the corresponding annular groove, that is, one end of the support roller penetrates into the annular groove on the support ring I, and the other end penetrates into the annular groove on the support ring II; the installation structure of the annular groove is adopted, and the structure It is simple and easy to assemble, which further simplifies the structure of the overrunning clutch and reduces the cost.
本实施例中，所述外圈15的环形凹陷轴向底部设有用于通过润滑油的过油孔15a，所述撑环Ⅰ位于环形凹陷轴向底部且撑环Ⅰ的环形槽槽底设有轴向通孔19b；通过过油孔可引入并排出润滑油，与环形凹陷的开口共同形成了润滑油通道，实现较好的润滑和清洗，从而保证超越离合器的运转。In this embodiment, the axial bottom of the annular depression of the outer ring 15 is provided with an oil hole 15a for passing lubricating oil, the support ring I is located at the axial bottom of the annular depression and the annular groove bottom of the support ring I is provided with Axial through hole 19b; through the oil hole, lubricating oil can be introduced and discharged, forming a lubricating oil channel together with the opening of the annular depression, to achieve better lubrication and cleaning, thereby ensuring the operation of the overrunning clutch.
本实施例中，所述啮合空间由内圈14外圆加工的楔形槽与外圈15的环形凹陷径向外侧的内壁之间形成；简化加工工艺，提高加工效率，并降低加工成本。In this embodiment, the meshing space is formed between the wedge-shaped groove machined on the outer circle of the inner ring 14 and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression of the outer ring 15; the manufacturing process is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
本实施例中，所述撑环Ⅰ19的环形槽槽底的轴向通孔的分布与支承辊和滚动体对应；能够较好的较为直接的提供润滑。In this embodiment, the distribution of the axial through holes at the bottom of the annular groove of the support ring I19 corresponds to the support rollers and rolling elements; it can better and more directly provide lubrication.
本实施例中，所述支承辊20的直径小于滚动体的直径的三分之一，滚动体为滚柱。In this embodiment, the diameter of the support roller 20 is less than one-third of the diameter of the rolling body, and the rolling body is a roller.
本实施例中，所述内圈14轴向延伸出外圈15的环形凹陷且延伸部内圆具有可与传动轴1配合的内圈14支撑部，所述外圈15内圆具有可与传动轴1配合的外圈15支撑部；本实施例中，所述内圈14轴向延伸出外圈15的环形凹陷且延伸部内圆具有可与传动轴1配合的内圈支撑部，所述外圈内圆具有可与传动轴配合的外圈支撑部；所述摆式凸轮盘Ⅰ一体成型于内圈支撑部；即外圈支撑部和内圈支撑部均转动配合设置于传动轴；本结构整个超越离合器通过内圈和外圈共同支撑，增加整体稳定性，保证使用寿命和传动精度。In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring 15 and the inner circle of the extension part has a support portion of the inner ring 14 that can cooperate with the transmission shaft 1 , and the inner circle of the outer ring 15 has a support portion that can cooperate with the transmission shaft 1 The supporting part of the outer ring 15; in this embodiment, the inner ring 14 axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring 15 and the inner circle of the extension part has an inner ring supporting part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft 1, and the inner circle of the outer ring It has an outer ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft; the pendulum cam disc I is integrally formed on the inner ring support part; that is, the outer ring support part and the inner ring support part are both rotatably arranged on the transmission shaft; the entire overrunning clutch of this structure The inner ring and the outer ring are jointly supported to increase the overall stability and ensure the service life and transmission accuracy.
本实施例中，所述内圈14的内圈14支撑部设有用于与传动轴1转动配合的内圈14滚针轴承(图中未标示)，所述外圈15的外圈15支撑部设有用于与传动轴1转动配合的外圈15滚针轴承9；采用滚针轴承的结构，适用于安装到传动轴1，整个传动结构适应性较强。In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 support portion of the inner ring 14 is provided with an inner ring 14 needle roller bearing (not shown in the figure) for rotating with the transmission shaft 1, and the outer ring 15 support portion of the outer ring 15 There is an outer ring 15 needle roller bearing 9 for rotationally cooperating with the transmission shaft 1; the structure of the needle roller bearing is suitable for being installed on the transmission shaft 1, and the entire transmission structure has strong adaptability.
本实施例中，传动支架一端与圆环体轴向外锥套6连接并传动配合，远离圆环体轴向外锥套6的一端转动配合支撑于变速箱体3，所述变速弹性元件位于传动支架与传动轴1之间的空间且外套于外套于传动轴1；如图所示，传动轴1上由左到右设有超越离合器外圈15、中间凸轮套、圆环体轴向外锥套6和变速弹性元件(本实施例采用变速碟簧)，筒状结构的传动支架对圆环体轴向外锥套6形成稳定的支撑，保证传动精度，同时，变速弹性元件位于传动支架于传动轴1之间的空间且外套于外套于传动轴1，结构紧凑。In this embodiment, one end of the transmission bracket is connected with the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body and is in transmission fit, and the end far away from the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body is rotationally supported on the gearbox body 3, and the variable speed elastic element is located at The space between the transmission bracket and the transmission shaft 1 is covered with the outer sleeve on the transmission shaft 1; as shown in the figure, the transmission shaft 1 is provided with an overrunning clutch outer ring 15, an intermediate cam sleeve, and a circular body axially outward from left to right. The tapered sleeve 6 and the variable speed elastic element (this embodiment adopts a variable speed disc spring), and the transmission bracket of the cylindrical structure forms a stable support for the axially outer tapered sleeve 6 of the torus to ensure the transmission accuracy. At the same time, the variable speed elastic element is located on the transmission bracket The space between the transmission shafts 1 and the outer casing is outer the outer casing on the transmission shaft 1, and the structure is compact.
以上实施例只是本发明的最佳结构，并不是对本发明保护范围的限定；在连接方式上有所调整的方案，而不影响本发发明目的的实现。The above embodiments are only the best structures of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention; the schemes adjusted in the connection mode will not affect the realization of the purpose of the present invention.
本实施例的快挡动力传递路线：The fast gear power transmission route of the present embodiment:
动力→圆环体轴向内锥套7→圆环体轴向外锥套6→圆环体轴向外锥套6的内螺旋凸轮6a→传动轴1的外螺旋凸轮1a→传动轴1输出动力；Power→annulus axial inner tapered sleeve 7→annular axial outer tapered sleeve 6→inner helical cam 6a of annulus axial outer tapered sleeve 6→outer helical cam 1a of transmission shaft 1→output of transmission shaft 1 power;
此时超越离合器超越，且阻力传递路线：传动轴1→传动轴1的外螺旋凸轮1a→圆环体轴向外锥套6的内螺旋凸轮6a→圆环体轴向外锥套6→压缩变速蝶簧；传动轴1通过传动轴1的外螺旋凸轮对圆环体轴向外锥套6的内螺旋凸轮6a及圆环体轴向外锥套6施加轴向力并压缩变速蝶簧，当行驶阻力加大到一定时，该轴向力变速蝶簧，使圆环体轴向内锥套7和圆环体轴向外锥套6分离，动力通过下述路线传递，即慢挡动力传递路线：At this time, the overrunning clutch is overrunning, and the resistance transmission route: transmission shaft 1 → external helical cam 1a of transmission shaft 1 → internal helical cam 6a of the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body → axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body → compression Speed change butterfly spring; the transmission shaft 1 applies axial force to the inner spiral cam 6a of the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body and the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body through the external helical cam of the transmission shaft 1 and compresses the speed change butterfly spring, When the driving resistance increases to a certain level, the axial force changes the disc spring, so that the axial inner tapered sleeve 7 of the annular body and the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body are separated, and the power is transmitted through the following route, that is, the slow gear power Delivery route:
动力→圆环体轴向内锥套7→慢挡主动齿轮→第一慢挡齿轮→慢挡中间轴→第二慢挡齿轮→超越离合器的外圈15→超越离合器内圈14→摆式端面凸轮啮合副→凸轮副→圆环体轴向外锥套6→圆环体轴向外锥套6的内螺旋凸轮→传动轴1的外螺旋凸轮→传动轴1输出动力。Power → ring body axial inner taper sleeve 7 → slow driving gear → first slow gear → slow intermediate shaft → second slow gear → outer ring 15 of overrunning clutch → inner ring 14 of overrunning clutch → pendulum end face Cam meshing pair → cam pair → annular body axial outer tapered sleeve 6 → inner helical cam of annular body axial outer tapered sleeve 6 → outer helical cam of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft 1 outputs power.
慢挡动力传递路线同时还经过下列路线：摆式端面凸轮啮合副→凸轮副→圆环体轴向外锥套6→压缩变速蝶簧，防止慢挡传动过程中出现压缩变速蝶簧往复压缩，从而防止慢档传动时圆环体轴向内锥套7和圆环体轴向外锥套6贴合。The slow gear power transmission route also passes through the following route: pendulum end face cam meshing pair → cam pair → annular body axial outer tapered sleeve 6 → compression variable speed butterfly spring to prevent the compression variable speed butterfly spring from reciprocating compression during the slow gear transmission process, Thereby preventing the annular body axially inner taper sleeve 7 and the annular body axially outer taper sleeve 6 from adhering during slow gear transmission.
有上述传递路线可以看出，本发明在运行时，圆环体轴向内锥套7的内锥面与圆环体轴向外锥套6的外锥面在变速蝶簧作用下紧密贴合，形成一个保持一定压力的自动变速机构，并且可以通过增加变速轴套的轴向厚度来调整离合器啮合所需压力，达到传动目的，此时，动力带动圆环体轴向内锥套7、圆环体轴向外锥套6、传动轴1，使传动轴1输出动力逆时针旋转；此时慢挡超越离合器处于超越状态。It can be seen from the above-mentioned transmission route that when the present invention is in operation, the inner tapered surface of the axially inner tapered sleeve 7 of the annular body and the outer tapered surface of the axially outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body closely fit under the action of the variable speed disc spring , to form an automatic transmission mechanism that maintains a certain pressure, and the pressure required for clutch engagement can be adjusted by increasing the axial thickness of the transmission sleeve to achieve the purpose of transmission. The outer tapered sleeve 6 and the transmission shaft 1 of the ring body axially make the output power of the transmission shaft 1 rotate counterclockwise; at this time, the slow gear overrunning clutch is in an overrunning state.
机动车启动时阻力大于驱动力，阻力迫使传动轴1顺时针转动一定角度，在传动轴1的外螺旋凸轮的作用下，圆环体轴向外锥套6压缩变速蝶簧；圆环体轴向外锥套6和圆环体轴向内锥套7分离，同步，慢挡超越离合器啮合，动力带动圆环体轴向内锥套7、第一慢挡齿轮、慢挡中间轴、第二慢挡齿轮、超越离合器的外圈15、内圈14、摆式端面凸轮啮合副、圆环体轴向外锥套6和传动轴1，使传动轴1输出动力以慢挡速度转动；因此，自动实现了低速挡起动，缩短了起动时间，减少了起动力。与此同时，变速蝶簧吸收运动阻力矩能量，为恢复快挡挡位传递动力蓄备势能。When the motor vehicle is started, the resistance is greater than the driving force, and the resistance forces the transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise at a certain angle. Under the action of the external helical cam of the transmission shaft 1, the outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body axially compresses the variable speed disc spring; the annular body shaft The outward taper sleeve 6 is separated from the axial inner taper sleeve 7 of the annular body, synchronously, the slow gear overrunning clutch is engaged, and the power drives the axial inner taper sleeve 7 of the annular body, the first slow gear, the slow gear intermediate shaft, the second The slow gear, the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch, the inner ring 14, the pendulum end face cam meshing pair, the axial outer tapered sleeve 6 of the annular body and the transmission shaft 1, so that the output power of the transmission shaft 1 rotates at the slow gear speed; therefore, Low-speed gear start is realized automatically, the start time is shortened, and the start force is reduced. At the same time, the variable speed butterfly spring absorbs the energy of the motion resistance torque, and stores potential energy for restoring the fast gear transmission power.
启动成功后，行驶阻力减少，当分力减少到小于变速蝶簧所产生的压力时，因被运动阻力压缩而产生变速蝶簧压力迅速释放推动下，完成圆环体轴向外锥套6的外锥面和圆环体轴向内锥套7的内锥面恢复紧密贴合状态，慢挡超越离合器处于超越状态。After the start is successful, the driving resistance decreases. When the component force is reduced to less than the pressure produced by the variable speed disc spring, the pressure of the variable speed disc spring is quickly released due to the compression of the movement resistance, and the external taper sleeve 6 in the axial direction of the annular body is completed. The tapered surface and the inner tapered surface of the axial inner taper sleeve 7 of the toroidal body recover the tight fit state, and the slow gear overrunning clutch is in the overrunning state.
行驶过程中，随着运动阻力的变化自动换挡原理同上，在不需要剪断驱动力的情况下实现变挡，使整个机车运行平稳，安全低耗，而且传递路线简单化，提高传动效率。During the driving process, the principle of automatic gear shifting with the change of motion resistance is the same as above, and the gear shifting is realized without cutting the driving force, so that the whole locomotive runs smoothly, is safe and low-consumption, and the transmission route is simplified to improve the transmission efficiency.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510574064.7ACN105156618A (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2015-09-09 | External rotor motor cyrtoconic swing type self-adaption automatic variable speed drive assembly of electric motor car |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510574064.7ACN105156618A (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2015-09-09 | External rotor motor cyrtoconic swing type self-adaption automatic variable speed drive assembly of electric motor car |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105156618Atrue CN105156618A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510574064.7APendingCN105156618A (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2015-09-09 | External rotor motor cyrtoconic swing type self-adaption automatic variable speed drive assembly of electric motor car |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105156618A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20151216 | |
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |