CN105137585B - Method for Generating Tunable Nongradient Optical Forces on Chalcogenide Metal Multilayer Core-Shell Surfaces with Linearly Polarized Nonplanar Lightwaves - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell by linearly polarized non-planar light waves is characterized in that under the irradiation of the linearly polarized non-planar light waves, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell deviates from the center of an incident optical axis to destroy the symmetrical distribution of the boscalid vectors around the multilayer core-shell, so that the total boscalid vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, and non-gradient optical force is generated; then, the direction and the size of a total bosttin vector on the multilayer core-shell are changed by changing the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, and the direction and the size of a non-gradient optical force acted on the multilayer core-shell by the total bosttin vector are further changed, so that the motion track of the multilayer core-shell in an incident light field is regulated and controlled, and the technical scheme of tunable capture and screening of nano-sized molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell is carried out. Wherein the lattice structure of the chalcogenide in the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is changed by means of light, electricity, heat, pressure, and the like.

Description

Translated fromChinese

线偏振非平面光波在硫族化物金属多层核-壳体表面产生可调谐非梯度光学力的方法Linearly Polarized Non-Plane Light Wave Generation on Chalcogenide Metal Multilayer Core-Shell SurfacesMethod for tuning non-gradient optical force

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及线偏振非平面光波在硫族化物金属多层核-壳体表面产生可调谐非梯度光学力的方法，是一种利用线偏振非平面光波在硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体表面产生可调谐非梯度光学力的方法，可应用于生物、医学及纳米操控等领域。The invention relates to a method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell with a linearly polarized non-planar light wave, which is a method for using a linearly polarized non-planar light wave to generate a tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell The method of generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the body surface can be applied in the fields of biology, medicine and nanomanipulation.

背景技术Background technique

对微小物体的光学捕获和筛选一直是光学领域的研究热点。光学梯度力在各种光学捕获技术中扮演着重要的角色，例如通过光学梯度力实现的光镊和光学捆绑等。然而，光学梯度力具有产生设备复杂、不可调谐和难以捕获和筛选纳米尺寸分子等缺点。2008年，Ward,T.J.等提出通过圆偏振光产生的光学梯度力可以捕获和分离具有纳米尺寸的手性分子。但是，圆偏振入射光仍然需要使用复杂的设备来产生，不利于系统的实际应用；且其捕获和分离的纳米分子必需具有手性结构，因此限制了其作用对象的范围。所以，本发明提出在硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体表面覆盖纳米尺寸分子，使其在线偏振非平面光波照射下在多层核-壳体周围产生非梯度光学力；然后，利用硫族化物晶格结构随外加光场、电场、温度场、和压力场改变而变化的特性，调谐多层核-壳体受到的非梯度光学力大小和方向，从而实现对附着在多层核-壳体表面的纳米尺寸分子的捕获和筛选，其中纳米尺寸分子可以为非手性结构。Optical trapping and screening of tiny objects has always been a research hotspot in the field of optics. Optical gradient force plays an important role in various optical trapping technologies, such as optical tweezers and optical bundling through optical gradient force. However, optical gradient forces have the disadvantages of complex devices, non-tunable devices, and difficulty in trapping and screening nanometer-sized molecules. In 2008, Ward, T.J. et al proposed that the optical gradient force generated by circularly polarized light can capture and separate chiral molecules with nanometer size. However, the circularly polarized incident light still needs to be generated using complex equipment, which is not conducive to the practical application of the system; and the nanomolecules captured and separated must have a chiral structure, thus limiting the scope of its target. Therefore, the present invention proposes to cover the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules, so that it produces non-gradient optical force around the multilayer core-shell under the irradiation of linearly polarized non-plane light waves; then, using sulfur The characteristics of the lattice structure of the group compound change with the external light field, electric field, temperature field, and pressure field, and tune the magnitude and direction of the non-gradient optical force received by the multilayer core-shell, so as to realize the attachment to the multilayer core-shell Capture and screening of nano-sized molecules on shell surfaces, where the nano-sized molecules can be achiral.

发明目的purpose of invention

本发明的目的在于克服了利用梯度光学力捕获和筛选纳米尺寸分子这一传统方法中所具有的入射光源复杂(即入射光必需为圆偏振或椭圆偏振)、筛选对象局限(即纳米尺寸分子必需具有手性结构)、由圆偏振或椭圆偏振光产生的梯度光学力不可调谐、以及难以捕获纳米尺寸非手性分子等不足，而提供一种具有系统简单、操作方便、超灵敏、超快速、主动调谐等优点的由线偏振光产生的非梯度光学力捕获和筛选非手性纳米尺寸分子的方法，可用于生物，医学以及纳米操控等领域。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the complexity of the incident light source (that is, the incident light must be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized) and the limitation of the screening object (that is, the nanoscale molecule must have chiral structure), the gradient optical force generated by circularly polarized or elliptically polarized light is not tunable, and it is difficult to capture nano-sized achiral molecules, etc., and provide a system with simple system, convenient operation, ultra-sensitive, ultra-fast, The method of trapping and screening achiral nanometer-sized molecules by non-gradient optical force generated by linearly polarized light with the advantages of active tuning can be used in the fields of biology, medicine and nanomanipulation.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明解决问题采用的技术方案如下：The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problem adopts as follows:

一种线偏振非平面光波在硫族化物金属多层核-壳体表面产生可调谐非梯度光学力的方法，在线偏振非平面光波垂直照射下，通过使硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体偏离入射光轴(z轴)中心，破坏硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体周围的玻印亭矢量对称分布，使多层核-壳体上的总玻印亭矢量不为零，产生非梯度光学力；且该总玻印亭矢量随硫族化物的晶格结构的变化发生改变，进而改变总玻印亭矢量作用在多层核-壳体上的非梯度光学力的方向和大小，来调控多层核-壳体在入射光场中的运动轨迹，从而对附着在多层核-壳体表面的纳米尺寸分子进行可调谐捕获和筛选，其中多层核-壳体处于入射光束内，且偏离光束沿入射方向的中心对称轴(z轴)的距离为l(0<l≤w(z))，w(z)为入射光束宽，随z的变化发生改变(-∞<z<+∞)；多层核-壳体由金属层、硫族化物层交替生长而成，层数为n层(n>1)，每层的厚度在1纳米至1微米；多层核-壳体的外形可以是球体、椭球体、圆柱体、圆锥体等曲面几何体或者棱柱、正方体、长方体等多面体，体积在1立方纳米至1000立方微米；多层核-壳体中核与壳的中心可以重叠或分离。A method for generating tunable non-gradient optical forces on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell with a linearly polarized non-planar light wave, by making the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell The body deviates from the center of the incident light axis (z axis), destroying the symmetrical distribution of Poynting vectors around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell, so that the total Poynting vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, A non-gradient optical force is produced; and the total Poynting vector changes with the change of the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, thereby changing the direction and sum of the non-gradient optical force of the total Poynting vector acting on the multilayer core-shell Size, to adjust the trajectory of the multilayer core-shell in the incident light field, so as to perform tunable capture and screening of nano-sized molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell, where the multilayer core-shell is in the incident In the beam, the distance away from the central symmetry axis (z axis) of the beam along the incident direction is l (0<l≤w(z)), w(z) is the width of the incident beam, which changes with the change of z (-∞ <z<+∞); multilayer core-shell is formed by alternate growth of metal layer and chalcogenide layer, the number of layers is n layers (n>1), and the thickness of each layer is between 1 nanometer and 1 micron; multilayer The shape of the core-shell can be a curved surface geometry such as a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, and a cone, or a polyhedron such as a prism, a cube, and a cuboid, and the volume is from 1 cubic nanometer to 1000 cubic microns; the core and the shell in the multilayer core-shell Centers can overlap or separate.

所述的入射光，其特征在于，入射光为线偏振非平面波，类型包括高斯波、贝塞尔波、艾里波等；入射光垂直照射硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体；频率范围为0.3μm～20μm；功率范围为0.1mW/μm²～10mW/μm²。The incident light is characterized in that the incident light is a linearly polarized non-plane wave, and the types include Gaussian waves, Bessel waves, Airy waves, etc.; the incident light irradiates the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell vertically; the frequency The range is 0.3μm～20μm; the power range is 0.1mW/μm² ～10mW/μm² .

所述的光源采用波长可调谐激光器、半导体连续或准连续激光、或者发光二极管。The light source adopts a wavelength-tunable laser, a semiconductor continuous or quasi-continuous laser, or a light-emitting diode.

所述的表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体，金属层是Al、Ag、Au、Cu、Ni、Pt等。The surface is attached with chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell of nano-sized molecules, and the metal layer is Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, Pt and the like.

所述的表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体，硫族化物层是GeTe，Ge₂Sb₂Te₅，Ge₁Sb₂Te₄，Ge₂Sb₂Te₄，Ge₃Sb₄Te₈，Ge₁₅Sb₈₅，Ag₅In₆Sb₅₉Te₃₀。The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules attached to the surface, the chalcogenide layer is GeTe, Ge₂ Sb₂ Te₅ , Ge₁ Sb₂ Te₄ , Ge₂ Sb₂ Te₄ , Ge₃ Sb₄ Te₈ , Ge₁₅ Sb₈₅ , Ag₅ In₆ Sb₅₉ Te₃₀ .

所述的表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体，纳米尺寸分子可以具有非手性结构或手性结构，如抗原，抗体，酶，激素，胺类，肽类，氨基酸，维生素等。The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules attached to the surface, the nano-sized molecules can have achiral or chiral structures, such as antigens, antibodies, enzymes, hormones, amines, peptides , amino acids, vitamins, etc.

所述的表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体，多层结构通过材料生长工艺实现，包括电子束蒸发、金属有机化合物化学气相沉淀、气相外延生长、分子束外延。The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface, the multilayer structure is realized by material growth process, including electron beam evaporation, metal organic compound chemical vapor deposition, vapor phase epitaxy growth, molecular beam epitaxy .

所述的表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体，可以通过光照、通电、加热和加压等方式改变其中硫族化物的晶格结构。The surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules can change the crystal lattice structure of the chalcogenide therein by means of light, electricity, heating and pressure.

本发明系统由光源、显微镜和光学力显示器构成。测试前将表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体置于装有水或油的样品池中，在线偏振非平面光波的垂直照射下，使硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体偏离入射光轴(z轴)中心，破坏硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体周围的玻印亭矢量对称分布，使多层核-壳体上的总玻印亭矢量不为零，产生非梯度光学力；然后，通过改变硫族化物的晶格结构，改变多层核-壳体上的总玻印亭矢量，进而改变总玻印亭矢量作用在多层核-壳体上的非梯度光学力的方向和大小，来调控多层核-壳体在入射光场中的运动轨迹，从而对附着在多层核-壳体表面的纳米尺寸非手性分子进行可调谐捕获和筛选。显微镜可以用来观测表面附有纳米尺寸非手性分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体在入射光作用下所产生的运动轨迹。所述显微镜可以采用普通荧光垂直或正置显微镜。The system of the invention consists of a light source, a microscope and an optical force display. Before the test, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules on the surface is placed in a sample pool filled with water or oil, and under the vertical irradiation of linearly polarized non-plane light waves, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer The layered core-shell deviates from the center of the incident optical axis (z axis), breaking the symmetrical distribution of the Poynting vector around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell, so that the total Poynting vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, resulting in a non-gradient optical force; then, by changing the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, changing the total Poynting vector on the multilayer core-shell, and then changing the total Poynting vector acting on the multilayer core- The direction and magnitude of the non-gradient optical force on the shell can be used to control the trajectory of the multilayer core-shell in the incident light field, so that the nano-sized achiral molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell can be controlled. Tune capture and filter. The microscope can be used to observe the movement track of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized achiral molecules attached to the surface under the action of incident light. The microscope can be an ordinary fluorescence vertical or upright microscope.

所述系统可以通过简单的线偏振光实现对具有纳米尺寸非手性结构物体的可调谐捕获和筛选。克服了利用梯度光学力捕获和筛选纳米尺寸分子这一传统方法中所具有的入射光源复杂(即入射光必须为圆偏振或椭圆偏振)、筛选对象局限(即纳米尺寸分子必须具有手性)、由圆偏振或椭圆偏振光产生的梯度光学力不可调谐、以及难以捕获纳米尺寸分子等问题，具有系统简单、操作方便、超灵敏、超快速、主动调谐等优点，可用于生物，医学以及纳米操控等领域。The system can achieve tunable trapping and screening of objects with nanoscale achiral structures through simple linearly polarized light. It overcomes the complexity of the incident light source (that is, the incident light must be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized), the limitation of the screening object (that is, the nanoscale molecule must have chirality), The gradient optical force generated by circularly polarized or elliptically polarized light is not tunable, and it is difficult to capture nanometer-sized molecules. It has the advantages of simple system, convenient operation, ultra-sensitivity, ultra-fast, active tuning, etc. It can be used in biology, medicine and nanomanipulation and other fields.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules attached to the surface.

图2为由线偏振光产生的非梯度光学力捕获表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体的过程示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the process of trapping chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules attached to the surface by non-gradient optical force generated by linearly polarized light.

图3为可由线偏振光产生的非梯度光学力捕获表面附有纳米尺寸分子的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体的系统测试示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system testing a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell surface with nano-sized molecules attached to the non-gradient optical force that can be generated by linearly polarized light.

图中：1硫族化物层，2金属层，3硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体，4纳米尺寸分子，5光源，6显微镜，7光学力显示器，8样品池，9控温器，10CCD摄像机，11监视器，12计算机，13录像机。In the figure: 1 chalcogenide layer, 2 metal layer, 3 chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell, 4 nanometer size molecules, 5 light source, 6 microscope, 7 optical force display, 8 sample cell, 9 temperature controller , 10CCD cameras, 11 monitors, 12 computers, 13 video recorders.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使得本发明的技术方案的内容更加清晰，以下结合技术方案和附图详细叙述本发明的具体实施方式。其中的材料生长技术包括：电子束蒸发，金属有机化合物化学气相沉淀，气相外延生长，和分子束外延技术等常用技术。In order to make the content of the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the technical solution and the accompanying drawings. The material growth techniques include: electron beam evaporation, chemical vapor deposition of metal organic compounds, vapor phase epitaxy growth, and molecular beam epitaxy and other commonly used techniques.

实施例1Example 1

首先，通过材料生长工艺产生n层(n>1)由硫族化物层1、金属层2、交替而成的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3，如附图1(a)所示。其中硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3的几何形状和尺寸可以采用有限时域差分法、有限元法等算法确定。First, n layers (n>1) are produced by material growth process, which arechalcogenide layer 1, metal layer 2, and chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 alternately, as shown in Figure 1(a) Show. The geometric shape and size of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 can be determined by algorithms such as finite time difference method and finite element method.

其次，在硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3外表面附着纳米尺寸分子4，如附图1(b)所示。Second, nanometer-sized molecules 4 are attached to the outer surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 , as shown in FIG. 1( b ).

然后，将表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3置于偏离入射光波的中心对称轴(z轴)的距离l(0<l≤w(z))，其中w(z)为入射光束宽，随z的变化发生改变(-∞<z<+∞)，当入射光为线偏振非平面波且硫族化物层1为非结晶态时，处于偏离入射光波的中心对称轴的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3周围的玻印亭矢量为非对称分布，即硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3上的总玻印亭矢量不为零，产生指向光束外围的非梯度光学力，使硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3向光束外围运动，进而带动附着在硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3表面的纳米尺寸分子4向光束外围运动，如附图2(a)所示。Then, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with nano-sized molecules 4 attached to its surface is placed at a distance l (0<l≤w(z)) away from the central symmetry axis (z-axis) of the incident light wave, where w(z) is the width of the incident beam, which changes with the change of z (-∞<z<+∞). When the incident light is a linearly polarized non-plane wave and thechalcogenide layer 1 is in an amorphous state, it is in a position deviating from the incident light wave The Poynting vector around the central symmetry axis of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 is asymmetrically distributed, i.e. the total Poynting vector on the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 is not zero , generating a non-gradient optical force pointing to the periphery of the beam, making the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 move to the periphery of the beam, and then driving the nano-sized molecules attached to the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 4 moves to the periphery of the light beam, as shown in Figure 2(a).

之后，通过光照、通电、加热和加压等方式将硫族化物层1的非结晶态转化为结晶态，使硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3表面的总玻印亭矢量方向和大小发生改变，产生指向光束中心的非梯度光学力，使硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3带动附着在其表面的纳米尺寸分子4向光束中心运动，如附图2(b)所示。Afterwards, the amorphous state of thechalcogenide layer 1 is converted into a crystalline state by means of light, electricity, heating and pressure, etc., so that the total Poynting vector direction and The size changes to generate a non-gradient optical force pointing to the center of the beam, so that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 drives the nanometer-sizedmolecules 4 attached to its surface to move towards the center of the beam, as shown in Figure 2(b) Show.

最后，通过降温、光照等方式使硫族化物层1由结晶态变回非结晶态，此时硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3受到的非梯度光学力又变回了向外，硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3带动纳米尺寸分子4向光束外围运动，如附图2(c)所示。Finally, thechalcogenide layer 1 is changed from a crystalline state to an amorphous state by means of cooling, lighting, etc. At this time, the non-gradient optical force received by the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 is changed back to the outside, The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 drives the nano-sizedmolecules 4 to move to the periphery of the light beam, as shown in Figure 2(c).

这样我们通过改变硫族化物的晶格结构，控制硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3在入射光场中的运动轨迹，最终实现了对附着在硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3表面的纳米尺寸分子4的可调谐捕获和筛选。In this way, we control the trajectory of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 in the incident light field by changing the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, and finally realize the Tunable capture and screening ofnanoscale molecules 4 on the surface ofbodies 3 .

本发明系统主要由光源5、显微镜6和光学力显示器7构成。测试前可以将表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3置于样品池8内，光源5产生线偏振非平面波，射向样品池8，实现对表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3的抓获和操纵。显微镜6可以用来观测微表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3在入射光作用下所产生的运动轨迹。线偏振非平面波在表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3产生的非梯度光学力由光力显示器7测得。本发明系统同时还包括控温器9、CCD摄像机10、监视器11、计算机12、和录像机13等(附图3所示)。利用CCD摄像机10对线偏振非平面波照射下的表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3进行实时监测，并将所得的视频信号在显示器显示。录像机13可以用来记录图像。样品池8与控温器9相连，使表面附着纳米尺寸分子4的硫族化物/金属多层核-壳体3中硫族化物的晶格结构随样品池8的温度变化而改变。计算机12可以存储显微镜6所采集的视场信息。The system of the present invention is mainly composed of alight source 5 , amicroscope 6 and anoptical force display 7 . Before the test, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface can be placed in thesample cell 8, and thelight source 5 generates linearly polarized non-plane waves, which are directed towards thesample cell 8, so as to realize the attachment of nanometer-sized molecules to the surface. Chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 capture and manipulation ofmolecule 4. Themicroscope 6 can be used to observe the movement track of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to the micro-surface under the action of incident light. The non-gradient optical force generated by the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface of the linearly polarized non-plane wave is measured by theoptical force display 7 . The system of the present invention also includestemperature controller 9,CCD camera 10,monitor 11,computer 12, andvideo recorder 13 etc. (shown in accompanying drawing 3) simultaneously. ACCD camera 10 is used to monitor the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to its surface under the irradiation of linearly polarized non-plane waves in real time, and the obtained video signal is displayed on the monitor.Video recorder 13 can be used to record images. Thesample cell 8 is connected with thetemperature controller 9, so that the crystal lattice structure of the chalcogenide in the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface changes as the temperature of thesample cell 8 changes. Thecomputer 12 can store the field of view information collected by themicroscope 6 .

以上所述是本发明应用的技术原理和具体实例，依据本发明的构想所做的等效变换，只要其所运用的方案仍未超出说明书和附图所涵盖的精神时，均应在本发明的范围内，特此说明。The above are the technical principles and specific examples of the application of the present invention. The equivalent transformation done according to the concept of the present invention, as long as the scheme used does not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings, shall be included in the present invention. Within the scope, it is hereby explained.

Claims (7)

1. A method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell by linearly polarized non-planar light waves is characterized in that under the irradiation of the linearly polarized non-planar light waves, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is deviated from the center of an incident light axis (z axis), so that the symmetric distribution of boscalid vectors around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is destroyed, the total boscalid vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, and non-gradient optical force is generated; the total boscalid vector changes along with the change of the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, so that the direction and the size of non-gradient optical force of the total boscalid vector acting on the multilayer core-shell are changed, the motion trail of the multilayer core-shell in an incident light field is regulated and controlled, and the tunable capture and screening of the nanometer size molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell are performed, wherein the multilayer core-shell is positioned in an incident light beam, the distance of the multilayer core-shell deviated from the central symmetry axis (z axis) of the light beam along the incident direction is l, and l is more than 0 and less than or equal to w (z); w (z) is the incident beam width, and changes along with the change of z, wherein z is more than infinity and less than infinity; the multilayer core-shell is formed by alternately growing metal layers and chalcogenide layers, the number of the layers is n, n is more than 1, and the thickness of each layer is 1 nanometer to 1 micrometer; the appearance of the multilayer core-shell is a curved surface geometry or polyhedron, and the volume is 1 cubic nanometer to 1000 cubic micrometers; a multi-layered core-shell in which the core overlaps or is separated from the center of the shell;

a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules attached to the surface, in which the lattice structure of chalcogenide is changed by light irradiation, energization, heating and pressurization.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the incident light is linearly polarized non-planar waves of the type comprising gaussian, bessel, airy; incident light perpendicularly irradiates the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell; the frequency range is 0.3-20 μm; the power range is 0.1 mW/mum² ～10mW/μm² 。

3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the light source of the incident light is a wavelength tunable laser, a semiconductor continuous or quasi-continuous laser or a light emitting diode.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell has nanoscale molecules attached to its surface, and the metal layer is Al, ag, au, cu, ni, pt.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell having the nano-sized molecules attached to the surface thereof, and the chalcogenide layer is GeTe, ge₂ Sb₂ Te₅ 、Ge₁ Sb₂ Te₄ 、Ge₂ Sb₂ Te₄ 、Ge₃ Sb₄ Te₈ 、Ge₁₅ Sb₈₅ 、Ag₅ In₆ Sb₅₉ Te₃₀ 。

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is attached with nanosized molecules on its surface, the nanosized molecules having an achiral or chiral structure.

7. Method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with the nanometric sized molecules attached to its surface is obtained by a material growth process comprising magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, metal organic chemical vapour deposition, vapour phase epitaxy, molecular beam epitaxy.

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