本发明是申请号为201510250257.7、申请日为2015年5月15日、发明名称为“基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统”的专利的分案申请。This invention is a divisional application of a patent with the application number 201510250257.7, the application date is May 15, 2015, and the invention name is "Automotive passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication".
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通讯控制领域，尤其涉及一种基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统。The invention relates to the field of communication control, in particular to an automobile passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication.
背景技术Background technique
近些年来，汽车数量不断增多，越来越多的家庭和单位添置了汽车，人们乘坐汽车作为交通工具出行的时间不断增加。In recent years, the number of cars has continued to increase, more and more families and units have purchased cars, and people spend more time traveling by car as a means of transportation.
汽车为人们带来方便的同时，也带来了一些安全问题，据调查数据表明，在汽车碰撞时，死亡率最高的位置是汽车副驾驶位置，一方面是由于驾驶员在碰撞时的自然反应导致，另一方面，汽车对汽车驾驶员的保护措施相对较多，而对汽车副驾驶位置的乘客的保护措施相对力度不够。While automobiles bring convenience to people, they also bring some safety problems. According to survey data, the position with the highest fatality rate is the co-pilot position of the car. On the one hand, it is due to the natural reaction of the driver when the collision As a result, on the other hand, automobiles have relatively more protection measures for the driver, but relatively insufficient protection measures for passengers in the co-pilot position of the automobile.
现有技术中的对汽车副驾驶位置的乘客的保护措施主要体现在安全气囊上，但是如果不考虑汽车副驾驶位置的乘客的坐姿和位置，而选择在发生碰撞时以相同方式打开气囊，这种方式虽然为设计带来了方便，但也有可能因为气囊打开方式的不妥当而导致乘客被气囊误伤。In the prior art, the protection measures for the passenger in the co-pilot position of the automobile are mainly reflected in the airbag, but if the passenger's sitting posture and position in the co-pilot position of the automobile are not considered, and the airbag is opened in the same way when a collision occurs, this Although this method brings convenience to the design, it may also cause passengers to be accidentally injured by the air bag because of the inappropriate opening method of the air bag.
因此，需要一种新的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统，能够根据汽车副驾驶位置的乘客的坐姿和位置，智能化地自动选择气囊的展开幅度，以全方位保护汽车副驾驶位置的乘客的安全。Therefore, a new car co-pilot airbag control system based on multi-type data communication is needed, which can intelligently and automatically select the expansion range of the airbag according to the sitting posture and position of the passenger in the car co-pilot position, so as to protect the car co-pilot in an all-round way location for the safety of passengers.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统，采用超声波传感器用于检测副驾驶位置乘客躯干部距离仪表盘的水平距离，所述乘客姿态检测机构用于检测副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角，以水平距离和夹角确定气囊的展开方式，同时还引入了重量检测技术和无线传输技术，提高了基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统的自动化程度。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a car co-pilot airbag control system based on multi-type data communication, which uses an ultrasonic sensor to detect the horizontal distance between the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position and the instrument panel, and the passenger posture detection mechanism uses It is used to detect the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position, and the airbag deployment method is determined by the horizontal distance and the angle. At the same time, weight detection technology and wireless transmission technology are introduced to improve the car co-pilot based on multi-type data communication. The degree of automation of the airbag control system.
根据本发明的一方面，提供了一种基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统，所述控制系统包括气囊机构、碰撞强度传感器、超声波传感器、乘客姿态检测机构和数字信号处理器DSP，所述碰撞强度传感器用于检测汽车的加速度变化率，所述超声波传感器用于检测副驾驶位置乘客躯干部距离仪表盘的水平距离，所述乘客姿态检测机构用于检测副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角，所述数字信号处理器与所述气囊机构、所述碰撞强度传感器、所述超声波传感器和所述乘客姿态检测机构分别连接，基于所述碰撞强度传感器、所述超声波传感器和所述乘客姿态检测机构的检测结果确定所述气囊机构的气囊主体展开策略。According to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of automobile copilot air bag control system based on multi-type data communication is provided, and described control system comprises air bag mechanism, collision strength sensor, ultrasonic sensor, passenger posture detection mechanism and digital signal processor DSP, The collision intensity sensor is used to detect the acceleration rate of the car, the ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the horizontal distance between the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position and the instrument panel, and the passenger posture detection mechanism is used to detect the distance between the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position and the instrument panel. The included angle of legs, the digital signal processor is respectively connected with the airbag mechanism, the collision strength sensor, the ultrasonic sensor and the passenger attitude detection mechanism, based on the collision strength sensor, the ultrasonic sensor and The detection result of the passenger posture detection mechanism determines the deployment strategy of the airbag main body of the airbag mechanism.
更具体地，在所述基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统中，还包括：备用电源，在汽车发生碰撞导致汽车蓄电池和汽车发电机都与所述控制系统断开时，为所述控制系统内的各个设备提供供电；静态存储器，用于预先存储加速度变化率阈值、第一距离阈值、第二距离阈值、第一角度阈值和第二角度阈值，还用于预先存储人体灰度上限阈值和人体灰度下限阈值，所述人体灰度上限阈值和所述人体灰度下限阈值用于将图像中的人体与背景分离，所述加速度变化率阈值、所述第一距离阈值、所述第二距离阈值、所述第一角度阈值、所述第二角度阈值、所述人体灰度上限阈值和人体灰度下限阈值都为所述控制系统出厂时被制造商预先置入的参数，所述第一距离阈值大于所述第二距离阈值，所述第一角度阈值大于所述第二角度阈值；重量传感器，设置在汽车副驾驶座椅下方，用于检测在汽车副驾驶座椅上是否存在乘客，当检测到存在乘客时，输入有人乘坐信号，当检测到不存在乘客时，输入无乘客信号；无线收发器，设置在汽车车体上，与所述数字信号处理器连接，用于将接收到的水平距离和副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角无线发送给汽车所在单位的内部网络上；所述气囊机构包括气囊主体、气体发生器和固态燃料存储罐组成，所述气囊主体与所述固态燃料存储罐连接，所述气体发生器与所述固态燃料存储罐连接，用于点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的燃料以产生气体充入所述气囊主体中；所述碰撞强度传感器位于汽车的仪表盘内，用于检测汽车的加速度变化率；所述超声波传感器位于汽车仪表盘上，包括超声波发射机、超声波接收机和微控制器，所述微控制器与所述超声波发射机和所述超声波接收机分别连接，所述超声波发射机向副驾驶位置乘客躯干部发射超声波，所述超声波接收机接收副驾驶位置乘客躯干部反射的超声波，所述微控制器根据所述超声波发射机的发射时间、所述超声波接收机的接收时间和超声波传播速度计算副驾驶位置乘客躯干部距离仪表盘的水平距离，所述超声波传播速度为340米每秒；所述乘客姿态检测机构包括高清摄像头、灰度处理器、乘客识别器和姿态识别器；所述高清摄像头设置在汽车驾驶员座椅一侧的A柱上方，用于对副驾驶位置乘客进行拍摄以获得高清乘客图像，所述高清乘客图像的分辨率为1920×1080；所述灰度处理器与所述高清摄像头连接，用于对所述高清乘客图像执行灰度化处理，以获得灰度乘客图像；所述乘客识别器与所述灰度处理器和所述静态存储器分别连接，将所述灰度乘客图像中灰度值在所述人体灰度上限阈值和所述人体灰度下限阈值之间的所有像素组成人体图案；所述姿态识别器与所述乘客识别器连接，将所述人体图案中人体躯干部与人体腿部的夹角识别出并作为副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角输出；所述数字信号处理器与所述气体发生器、所述重量传感器、所述静态存储器、所述碰撞强度传感器、所述超声波传感器和所述姿态识别器分别连接，当接收到有人乘坐信号且加速度变化率大于等于加速度变化率阈值，进入气囊展开模式，当接收到无乘客信号或加速度变化率小于加速度变化率阈值，进入气囊回收模式；其中，所述数字信号处理器在所述气囊展开模式中，当接收到的水平距离大于等于所述第一距离阈值且副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角大于等于所述第一角度阈值时，向所述气体发生器发送高强度展开信号，当接收到的水平距离在所述第一距离阈值和所述第二距离阈值之间且副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角在所述第一角度阈值和所述第二角度阈值之间时，向所述气体发生器发送低强度展开信号，当接收到的水平距离小于等于所述第二距离阈值且副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角小于等于所述第二角度阈值时，向所述气体发生器发送抑制展开信号；所述气体发生器根据接收到的、数字信号处理器发送的信号类型，控制其点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的燃料的方式。More specifically, in the vehicle passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication, it also includes: a backup power supply, which is used for the power supply when the vehicle collision causes the vehicle battery and the vehicle generator to be disconnected from the control system. Each device in the above-mentioned control system provides power supply; the static memory is used to pre-store the jerk threshold, the first distance threshold, the second distance threshold, the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold, and is also used to pre-store the gray scale of the human body The upper threshold and the lower threshold of grayscale of human body, the upper threshold of grayscale of human body and the lower threshold of grayscale of human body are used to separate the human body in the image from the background, the acceleration threshold, the first distance threshold, the The second distance threshold, the first angle threshold, the second angle threshold, the upper threshold of human gray scale and the lower threshold of human gray scale are all parameters preset by the manufacturer when the control system leaves the factory, The first distance threshold is greater than the second distance threshold, and the first angle threshold is greater than the second angle threshold; the weight sensor is arranged under the passenger seat of the car for detecting Whether there is a passenger, when it is detected that there is a passenger, input a signal that someone is on board, and when it is detected that there is no passenger, input a signal of no passenger; the wireless transceiver is arranged on the car body and is connected with the digital signal processor. The received horizontal distance and the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position are wirelessly sent to the internal network of the unit where the car is located; the airbag mechanism includes an airbag main body, a gas generator and a solid fuel storage tank. The airbag main body is connected with the solid fuel storage tank, the gas generator is connected with the solid fuel storage tank, and is used to ignite the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank to generate gas to be charged into the airbag main body; The collision intensity sensor is located in the instrument panel of the automobile and is used to detect the acceleration rate of the automobile; the ultrasonic sensor is located on the automobile instrument panel and includes an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic receiver and a microcontroller, and the microcontroller and the The ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are respectively connected, the ultrasonic transmitter emits ultrasonic waves to the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position, and the ultrasonic receiver receives the ultrasonic waves reflected by the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position. The transmission time of the ultrasonic transmitter, the receiving time of the ultrasonic receiver and the horizontal distance between the torso of the co-pilot position passenger and the instrument panel are calculated with the ultrasonic propagation speed, and the ultrasonic propagation speed is 340 meters per second; the passenger attitude The detection mechanism includes a high-definition camera, a gray-scale processor, a passenger recognizer and a posture recognizer; the high-definition camera is arranged above the A-pillar on the side of the driver's seat of the car, and is used to photograph the passenger in the co-pilot position to obtain a high-definition passenger image, the resolution of the high-definition passenger image is 1920 × 1080; the grayscale processor is connected to the high-definition camera, and is used to perform grayscale processing on the high-definition passenger image to obtain a grayscale passenger image; The passenger identifier is respectively connected with the grayscale processor and the static memory, and the grayscale In the passenger image, all pixels whose gray value is between the upper threshold of the human gray scale and the lower threshold of the gray scale of the human body form a human body pattern; the gesture recognizer is connected with the passenger recognizer, and the human body pattern The angle between the human torso and the legs of the human body is identified and output as the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position; the digital signal processor communicates with the gas generator, the weight sensor, the static The memory, the collision intensity sensor, the ultrasonic sensor, and the posture recognizer are respectively connected. When a passenger signal is received and the acceleration rate is greater than or equal to the acceleration rate threshold, the airbag deployment mode is entered. When no passenger signal is received or The jerk rate is less than the jerk rate threshold and enters the airbag recovery mode; wherein, when the digital signal processor is in the airbag deployment mode, when the received horizontal distance is greater than or equal to the first distance threshold and the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position When the angle between the head and the legs is greater than or equal to the first angle threshold, a high-intensity deployment signal is sent to the gas generator, and when the received horizontal distance is between the first distance threshold and the second distance threshold and the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position is between the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold, a low-intensity deployment signal is sent to the gas generator, and when the received horizontal distance When the second distance threshold is less than or equal to the second distance threshold and the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position is less than or equal to the second angle threshold, a deployment suppression signal is sent to the gas generator; The type of signal sent by the digital signal processor to control the manner in which it ignites the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank.
更具体地，在所述基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统中，还包括：显示器，设置在汽车仪表盘上，与所述数字信号处理器连接，用于实时显示水平距离，还用于实时显示副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角。More specifically, in the automobile passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication, it also includes: a display, arranged on the automobile dashboard, connected with the digital signal processor, used to display the horizontal distance in real time, and It is used to display the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position in real time.
更具体地，在所述基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统中：所述气体发生器在接收到高强度展开信号时，点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的全部燃料。More specifically, in the vehicle passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication: when the gas generator receives a high-intensity deployment signal, it ignites all the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank.
更具体地，在所述基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统中：所述气体发生器在接收到低强度展开信号时，点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的一半燃料。More specifically, in the vehicle passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication: the gas generator ignites half of the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank when receiving a low-strength deployment signal.
更具体地，在所述基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统中：所述气体发生器在接收到抑制展开信号时，点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的四分之一燃料。More specifically, in the vehicle passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication: the gas generator ignites a quarter of the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank when receiving a deployment suppression signal.
附图说明Description of drawings
以下将结合附图对本发明的实施方案进行描述，其中：Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为根据本发明实施方案示出的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统的结构方框图。FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为根据本发明实施方案示出的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统的乘客姿态检测机构的结构方框图。Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a passenger posture detection mechanism of a passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将参照附图对本发明的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统的实施方案进行详细说明。The implementation of the airbag control system for the passenger vehicle based on multi-type data communication of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
为了保证汽车乘客的安全，现有技术中，绝大部分车辆都在汽车各个位置设置了不同的安全气囊。In order to ensure the safety of car passengers, in the prior art, most vehicles are provided with different airbags at various positions of the car.
气囊做为车身被动安全性的辅助配置，日渐受到人们的重视。当汽车与障碍物碰撞后，称为一次碰撞，乘员与车内构件发生碰撞，称为二次碰撞，气囊在一次碰撞后、二次碰撞前迅速打开一个内置气囊充满气体的气垫，使乘员因惯性而移动时“扑在气垫上”从而缓和乘员受到的冲击并吸收碰撞能量，减轻乘员的伤害程度。As an auxiliary configuration for the passive safety of the vehicle body, the airbag has been paid more and more attention by people. When the car collides with an obstacle, it is called a primary collision, and when the occupant collides with the internal components of the vehicle, it is called a secondary collision. When moving due to inertia, it "flutters on the air cushion" to ease the impact on the occupant and absorb the collision energy, reducing the degree of injury to the occupant.
气囊分布在车内前方(正副驾驶位)，车内前排和后排侧方和车顶三个方向。安全气囊的发明源于一次有惊无险的事故。1952年，美国工程师赫特里克在一次驾车中，为了躲避一个障碍物，立即猛打方向盘并紧急制动。同时，他和妻子都本能地伸出手臂，来保护当时正在前排中央座位上的女儿。虽然有惊无险，这位自学成材工程师却从中受到启发。他想必须有一种保护装置，在紧急制动或是碰撞时能代替手臂去保护前冲的驾乘人员。他利用两个星期的时间设计出了一种汽车缓冲安全装置，其原理是在发动机罩下装一个盛满压缩空气的储气筒，当汽车受到正面碰撞时，惯性冲击力促使一个滑动重块向前移动，从而推动储气筒向隐藏在方向盘中央以及仪表板旁的空气袋快速充气，从而可以使车中人员减少伤害。The airbags are distributed in the front of the car (the driver's and co-pilot's seats), the front and rear sides of the car, and the roof. The invention of the airbag stems from a near-miss accident. In 1952, American engineer Hetrick immediately slammed the steering wheel and braked suddenly in order to avoid an obstacle while driving. At the same time, both he and his wife instinctively stretched out their arms to protect their daughter, who was in the front center seat at the time. Although there was no danger, the self-taught engineer was inspired by it. He thought that there must be a protective device that can replace the arm to protect the driver and passengers in the event of emergency braking or collision. He used two weeks to design a car buffer safety device. The principle is to install an air tank filled with compressed air under the hood. Move forward, thereby pushing the air reservoir to quickly inflate the air bag hidden in the center of the steering wheel and beside the instrument panel, so that the occupants in the car can reduce injuries.
随着整车被动安全重要性的深入人心，出现了高达30几个气囊的在一些高档豪华车颈部、膝部、甚至是在车顶的两侧会配有两条管状气囊，在意外情况发生时能够有效的缓解来自车顶上方的下压力，配合侧面气帘能够有效的保护乘客的头部和颈部。膝盖部分的气囊位于前排驾驶座椅内，一旦打开能够有效保护后排乘客的腰下肢体部位，从而也能缓解来自正面碰撞的前冲力。With the importance of the passive safety of the whole vehicle being deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, there have been more than 30 airbags. Some high-end luxury cars will be equipped with two tubular airbags on the neck, knees, and even on both sides of the roof. When it occurs, it can effectively relieve the downforce from the top of the roof, and cooperate with the side air curtain to effectively protect the head and neck of passengers. The knee airbag is located in the front driver's seat. Once opened, it can effectively protect the lower waist limbs of the rear passengers, thereby also relieving the forward momentum from the frontal collision.
然而，现有技术中，尽管副驾驶位置乘客在汽车碰撞中死亡率最高，但对副驾驶位置并没有专门甚至更高效的安全保障机构，同时，副驾驶位置的气囊的打开方式比较单一，不能根据乘客姿态和位置进行自适应调整，容易造成乘客被气囊误伤的情况。However, in the prior art, although the passenger in the co-pilot position has the highest death rate in a car collision, there is no special or even more efficient safety guarantee mechanism for the co-pilot position. Adaptive adjustments are made according to the posture and position of the passenger, which may easily cause accidental injury of the passenger by the airbag.
为了克服上述不足，本发明搭建了一种基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统，以电子控制方式专门为汽车副驾驶位置设置了一套高效的气囊控制系统，而且采用了高精度的检测仪器对乘客姿态和位置进行检测，以最大程度实现气囊对人体的安全保障作用。In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention builds a car co-pilot airbag control system based on multi-type data communication, and an efficient airbag control system is specially set up for the car co-pilot position in an electronic control mode, and adopts high-precision The detection instrument detects the posture and position of the passenger, so as to realize the safety protection effect of the airbag on the human body to the greatest extent.
图1为根据本发明实施方案示出的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统的结构方框图，所述控制系统包括气囊机构1、碰撞强度传感器2、超声波传感器3、乘客姿态检测机构4和数字信号处理器DSP5，所述碰撞强度传感器2用于检测汽车的加速度变化率，所述超声波传感器3用于检测副驾驶位置乘客躯干部距离仪表盘的水平距离，所述乘客姿态检测机构4用于检测副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角。Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the airbag control system for the passenger car based on multi-type data communication shown according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control system includes an airbag mechanism 1, a collision intensity sensor 2, an ultrasonic sensor 3, and a passenger posture detection mechanism 4 and digital signal processor DSP5, the collision intensity sensor 2 is used to detect the acceleration rate of the car, the ultrasonic sensor 3 is used to detect the horizontal distance between the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position and the instrument panel, and the passenger posture detection mechanism 4 It is used to detect the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position.
其中，所述数字信号处理器5与所述气囊机构1、所述碰撞强度传感器2、所述超声波传感器3和所述乘客姿态检测机构4分别连接，基于所述碰撞强度传感器2、所述超声波传感器3和所述乘客姿态检测机构4的检测结果确定所述气囊机构1的气囊主体展开策略。Wherein, the digital signal processor 5 is respectively connected with the airbag mechanism 1, the collision strength sensor 2, the ultrasonic sensor 3 and the passenger posture detection mechanism 4, based on the collision strength sensor 2, the ultrasonic wave The detection results of the sensor 3 and the passenger posture detection mechanism 4 determine the deployment strategy of the airbag main body of the airbag mechanism 1 .
接着，继续对本发明的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统的具体结构进行进一步的说明。Next, the specific structure of the vehicle passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication of the present invention will be further described.
所述控制系统还包括：备用电源，在汽车发生碰撞导致汽车蓄电池和汽车发电机都与所述控制系统断开时，为所述控制系统内的各个设备提供供电。The control system also includes: a backup power supply, which provides power to each device in the control system when the car battery and the car generator are both disconnected from the control system due to a collision of the car.
所述控制系统还包括：静态存储器，用于预先存储加速度变化率阈值、第一距离阈值、第二距离阈值、第一角度阈值和第二角度阈值，还用于预先存储人体灰度上限阈值和人体灰度下限阈值，所述人体灰度上限阈值和所述人体灰度下限阈值用于将图像中的人体与背景分离，所述加速度变化率阈值、所述第一距离阈值、所述第二距离阈值、所述第一角度阈值、所述第二角度阈值、所述人体灰度上限阈值和人体灰度下限阈值都为所述控制系统出厂时被制造商预先置入的参数，所述第一距离阈值大于所述第二距离阈值，所述第一角度阈值大于所述第二角度阈值。The control system also includes: a static memory, which is used to pre-store the jerk threshold, the first distance threshold, the second distance threshold, the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold, and is also used to pre-store the human gray upper limit threshold and The lower limit threshold of the gray scale of the human body, the upper limit threshold of the gray scale of the human body and the lower limit threshold of the gray scale of the human body are used to separate the human body in the image from the background, the acceleration rate threshold, the first distance threshold, the second The distance threshold, the first angle threshold, the second angle threshold, the upper threshold of human gray scale and the lower threshold of human gray scale are all parameters preset by the manufacturer when the control system leaves the factory. A distance threshold is greater than the second distance threshold, and the first angle threshold is greater than the second angle threshold.
所述控制系统还包括：重量传感器，设置在汽车副驾驶座椅下方，用于检测在汽车副驾驶座椅上是否存在乘客，当检测到存在乘客时，输入有人乘坐信号，当检测到不存在乘客时，输入无乘客信号。The control system also includes: a weight sensor, which is arranged under the passenger seat of the car, and is used to detect whether there is a passenger on the passenger seat of the car. When passenger, enter no passenger signal.
所述控制系统还包括：无线收发器，设置在汽车车体上，与所述数字信号处理器5连接，用于将接收到的水平距离和副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角无线发送给汽车所在单位的内部网络上。The control system also includes: a wireless transceiver, arranged on the vehicle body, connected to the digital signal processor 5, and used to wirelessly transmit the received horizontal distance and the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position. Send to the internal network of the unit where the car is located.
所述气囊机构1包括气囊主体、气体发生器和固态燃料存储罐组成，所述气囊主体与所述固态燃料存储罐连接，所述气体发生器与所述固态燃料存储罐连接，用于点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的燃料以产生气体充入所述气囊主体中。The airbag mechanism 1 comprises an airbag main body, a gas generator and a solid fuel storage tank, the airbag main body is connected to the solid fuel storage tank, and the gas generator is connected to the solid fuel storage tank for igniting the solid fuel storage tank The fuel in the solid fuel storage tank is used to generate gas to fill the airbag main body.
所述碰撞强度传感器2位于汽车的仪表盘内，用于检测汽车的加速度变化率。The collision intensity sensor 2 is located in the instrument panel of the automobile, and is used for detecting the acceleration change rate of the automobile.
所述超声波传感器3位于汽车仪表盘上，包括超声波发射机、超声波接收机和微控制器，所述微控制器与所述超声波发射机和所述超声波接收机分别连接，所述超声波发射机向副驾驶位置乘客躯干部发射超声波，所述超声波接收机接收副驾驶位置乘客躯干部反射的超声波，所述微控制器根据所述超声波发射机的发射时间、所述超声波接收机的接收时间和超声波传播速度计算副驾驶位置乘客躯干部距离仪表盘的水平距离，所述超声波传播速度为340米每秒。Described ultrasonic sensor 3 is positioned on the car dashboard, comprises ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and microcontroller, and described microcontroller is connected with described ultrasonic transmitter and described ultrasonic receiver respectively, and described ultrasonic transmitter is to The torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position emits ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic receiver receives the ultrasonic waves reflected by the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position. Propagation speed calculates the horizontal distance between the torso of the passenger in the co-pilot position and the instrument panel, and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave is 340 m/s.
如图2所示，所述乘客姿态检测机构4包括高清摄像头41、灰度处理器42、乘客识别器43和姿态识别器44。As shown in FIG. 2 , the passenger posture detection mechanism 4 includes a high-definition camera 41 , a grayscale processor 42 , a passenger recognizer 43 and a pose recognizer 44 .
所述高清摄像头41设置在汽车驾驶员座椅一侧的A柱上方，用于对副驾驶位置乘客进行拍摄以获得高清乘客图像，所述高清乘客图像的分辨率为1920×1080。The high-definition camera 41 is set above the A-pillar on the side of the driver's seat of the car, and is used to capture the passengers in the co-pilot position to obtain high-definition passenger images, and the resolution of the high-definition passenger images is 1920×1080.
所述灰度处理器42与所述高清摄像头41连接，用于对所述高清乘客图像执行灰度化处理，以获得灰度乘客图像。The grayscale processor 42 is connected to the high-definition camera 41, and is used for performing grayscale processing on the high-definition passenger image to obtain a grayscale passenger image.
所述乘客识别器43与所述灰度处理器42和所述静态存储器分别连接，将所述灰度乘客图像中灰度值在所述人体灰度上限阈值和所述人体灰度下限阈值之间的所有像素组成人体图案。The passenger identifier 43 is connected to the gray-scale processor 42 and the static memory respectively, and the gray-scale value in the gray-scale passenger image is between the upper limit threshold of the gray scale of the human body and the lower limit threshold of the gray scale of the human body. All the pixels in between constitute the human body pattern.
所述姿态识别器44与所述乘客识别器43连接，将所述人体图案中人体躯干部与人体腿部的夹角识别出并作为副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角输出。The posture recognizer 44 is connected to the passenger recognizer 43, and recognizes the angle between the human torso and human legs in the human body pattern and outputs it as the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position.
所述数字信号处理器5与所述气体发生器、所述重量传感器、所述静态存储器、所述碰撞强度传感器2、所述超声波传感器3和所述姿态识别器44分别连接，当接收到有人乘坐信号且加速度变化率大于等于加速度变化率阈值，进入气囊展开模式，当接收到无乘客信号或加速度变化率小于加速度变化率阈值，进入气囊回收模式。The digital signal processor 5 is respectively connected with the gas generator, the weight sensor, the static memory, the collision strength sensor 2, the ultrasonic sensor 3 and the posture recognizer 44, when receiving When the ride signal is received and the jerk rate is greater than or equal to the jerk rate threshold, the airbag deployment mode is entered. When no passenger signal is received or the jerk rate is less than the jerk rate threshold, the airbag recovery mode is entered.
其中，所述数字信号处理器5在所述气囊展开模式中，当接收到的水平距离大于等于所述第一距离阈值且副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角大于等于所述第一角度阈值时，向所述气体发生器发送高强度展开信号，当接收到的水平距离在所述第一距离阈值和所述第二距离阈值之间且副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角在所述第一角度阈值和所述第二角度阈值之间时，向所述气体发生器发送低强度展开信号，当接收到的水平距离小于等于所述第二距离阈值且副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角小于等于所述第二角度阈值时，向所述气体发生器发送抑制展开信号；所述气体发生器根据接收到的、数字信号处理器5发送的信号类型，控制其点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的燃料的方式。Wherein, when the digital signal processor 5 is in the airbag deployment mode, when the received horizontal distance is greater than or equal to the first distance threshold and the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position is greater than or equal to the first When the angle threshold is reached, send a high-intensity deployment signal to the gas generator, when the received horizontal distance is between the first distance threshold and the second distance threshold and the clamp between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position When the angle is between the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold, a low-intensity deployment signal is sent to the gas generator, and when the received horizontal distance is less than or equal to the second distance threshold and the passenger in the co-pilot position When the angle between the torso and the legs is less than or equal to the second angle threshold, the gas generator sends a suppression deployment signal; the gas generator controls according to the received signal type sent by the digital signal processor 5. The means by which the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank is ignited.
其中，所述基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统还可以包括显示器，设置在汽车仪表盘上，与所述数字信号处理器5连接，用于实时显示水平距离，还用于实时显示副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角；以及可选地，所述气体发生器在接收到高强度展开信号时，点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的全部燃料；所述气体发生器在接收到低强度展开信号时，点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的一半燃料；所述气体发生器在接收到抑制展开信号时，点燃所述固态燃料存储罐内的四分之一燃料。Wherein, the car co-pilot airbag control system based on multi-type data communication can also include a display, which is arranged on the car dashboard and connected with the digital signal processor 5 for real-time display of the horizontal distance and also for real-time display The angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position; and optionally, the gas generator ignites all the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank when receiving a high-intensity deployment signal; When a low-strength deployment signal is received, half of the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank is ignited; when a deployment suppression signal is received, the gas generator ignites a quarter of the fuel in the solid fuel storage tank.
另外，气体发生器又称充气器，用于点火器引爆点火剂时，产生气体向气囊充气，使气囊膨开。气体发生器用专用螺栓螺母固定在气囊支架上，装配时只能用专用工具进行装配。气体发生器由上盖、下盖、充气剂和金属滤网组成。上盖上有若干个充气孔，充气尽职尽责有长方孔和圆孔两种。下盖上有安装孔，以便将气体发生器安装到气囊支架上。上盖与下盖用冷压工艺装成一体，壳体内装充气剂、滤网和点器。金属滤网安放在气体发生器的内表面，用以过滤充气剂和点火剂燃烧后的渣粒。In addition, the gas generator, also known as the inflator, is used to generate gas to inflate the airbag when the igniter detonates the igniter, so that the airbag expands. The gas generator is fixed on the airbag bracket with special bolts and nuts, and can only be assembled with special tools during assembly. The gas generator consists of an upper cover, a lower cover, an inflator and a metal filter. There are several air-filling holes on the upper cover, and there are two kinds of air-filling holes: rectangular holes and round holes. There are mounting holes on the lower cover for installing the gas generator on the airbag bracket. The upper cover and the lower cover are integrated by cold pressing process, and the shell is equipped with inflator, filter screen and point device. The metal filter screen is placed on the inner surface of the gas generator to filter the slag particles after the combustion of the inflator and the igniter.
大多数气体发生器都是利用热效反应产生氮气而充入气囊。在点火器引爆点火剂的瞬间，点火剂会产生大量热量，叠氮化钠受热立即分解释放氮气，并从充气孔充入气囊。Most gas generators use thermal reaction to generate nitrogen and fill the air bag. At the moment when the igniter ignites the igniter, the igniter will generate a large amount of heat, and the sodium azide will decompose immediately when heated to release nitrogen gas, which will be filled into the air bag from the air hole.
另外，气囊使用中需注意的是，安全气囊只是辅助安全系统，需与安全带配合使用。设计安全气囊的初衷就是在安全带的作用下辅助保护驾乘者的安全，而大家往往容易将安全气囊与安全带分开来看，认为有了安全气囊，安全带的作用就不大了，因此就出现了当发生正面碰撞时，没有佩戴安全带而被安全气囊所伤的情况。由于安全气囊的充气速度非常快，充气瞬间的冲击力也很大，如果不佩戴安全带，驾乘者就会由于巨大的惯性而过早地冲向未充满气的安全气囊，这时就会发生意外中的意外，安全气囊反而起了负面作用。因此，在驾驶和乘坐装有正面安全气囊的汽车时，一定要系上安全带，如果发生正面碰撞，安全带加上安全气囊的双重保护才能得到充分保护才能得到充分发挥，同时，当汽车装有前排乘员安全气囊时，切不可让儿童坐在前排或在此位置安置儿童座椅，若可以手动关闭此位置的安全气囊，则应该在儿童乘坐之疥关闭此位置的安全气囊。因为安全气囊的爆发会对儿童造成一定程度上的伤害。由此看见，气囊如果未进行安全使用，还会给乘客带来人身安全问题。In addition, it should be noted that the airbag is only an auxiliary safety system and needs to be used in conjunction with the seat belt. The original intention of designing airbags is to help protect the safety of drivers and passengers under the action of seat belts, but people tend to separate airbags from seat belts, thinking that with airbags, the role of seat belts is not great, so There have been cases of being injured by the airbag without wearing a seat belt in the event of a frontal collision. Because the inflation speed of the safety airbag is very fast, the impact force at the moment of inflation is also very large. If the seat belt is not worn, the driver and the occupant will rush to the safety airbag that is not fully inflated due to the huge inertia. The accident in the accident, the airbag played a negative role. Therefore, when driving and riding a car equipped with frontal airbags, you must wear a seat belt. When there is a front passenger airbag, do not allow children to sit in the front row or place a child seat in this position. If the airbag in this position can be manually turned off, the airbag in this position should be turned off before the child is seated. Because the explosion of the airbag will cause a certain degree of injury to children. It can be seen that if the airbag is not used safely, it will also bring personal safety problems to passengers.
采用本发明的基于多类型数据通讯的汽车副驾驶气囊控制系统，针对现有技术中缺乏控制气囊展开方式的问题，采用超声波传感技术和图像采集处理技术，实现获取副驾驶位置乘客躯干部距离仪表盘的水平距离以及副驾驶位置乘客躯干部与腿部的夹角，基于上述水平距离和所述夹角制定不同的气囊展开方式，更进一步地保障副驾驶位置的乘客安全。Adopting the automobile passenger airbag control system based on multi-type data communication of the present invention, aiming at the problem of lack of control airbag deployment methods in the prior art, ultrasonic sensing technology and image acquisition and processing technology are used to realize the acquisition of passenger trunk distance at the passenger position Based on the horizontal distance of the instrument panel and the angle between the torso and legs of the passenger in the co-pilot position, different airbag deployment methods are formulated based on the above-mentioned horizontal distance and the angle, so as to further ensure the safety of the passengers in the co-pilot position.
可以理解的是，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例披露如上，然而上述实施例并非用以限定本发明。对于任何熟悉本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。It can be understood that although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. For any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, the technical content disclosed above can be used to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or be modified into equivalent changes, etc. effective example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510531731.3ACN105128804B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Automobile copilot airbag control system based on diversiform data communication |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510531731.3ACN105128804B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Automobile copilot airbag control system based on diversiform data communication |
| CN201510250257.7ACN104786976B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Airbag control system for passenger car based on multi-type data communication |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510250257.7ADivisionCN104786976B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Airbag control system for passenger car based on multi-type data communication |
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| CN105128804Atrue CN105128804A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| CN105128804B CN105128804B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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| CN201510250257.7AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104786976B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Airbag control system for passenger car based on multi-type data communication |
| CN201510531731.3AActiveCN105128804B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Automobile copilot airbag control system based on diversiform data communication |
| CN201510646210.2AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105172735B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Automobile copilot airbag control system based on diversiform data communication |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510250257.7AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104786976B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Airbag control system for passenger car based on multi-type data communication |
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| CN201510646210.2AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105172735B (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Automobile copilot airbag control system based on diversiform data communication |
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