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CN105116779B - A kind of appliance terminal control panel circuit of low standby power loss - Google Patents

A kind of appliance terminal control panel circuit of low standby power loss
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CN105116779B
CN105116779BCN201510584665.6ACN201510584665ACN105116779BCN 105116779 BCN105116779 BCN 105116779BCN 201510584665 ACN201510584665 ACN 201510584665ACN 105116779 BCN105116779 BCN 105116779B
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resistor
power
module
relay
main control
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CN105116779A (en
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陈明
田如海
张波
王彬
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Zhejiang Zhuoao Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,包括电源模块、MCU主控模块、显示模块、驱动模块、继电器(K1)、第一三极管(Q1)、第一电阻(R1)、第一二极管(D1)、第二二极管(D2)、第一电容(C1)、第六电阻(R6)、第七电阻(R7)和电源开关(SW1),电源模块的输入端与市电的火线接入端和零线接入端连接,电源模块具有+12V电源输出端和+5V电源输出端,其特征在于:还包括一安规电容(C)、第二三极管(Q2)、第三三极管(Q3)、第二电阻(R2)、第三电阻(R3)、第四电阻(R4)、第五电阻(R5)。与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:仅仅增加两个三极管、一个安规电容和几只电阻,成本较低,即可实现低待机功耗,同时能和电网有隔离作用,避免高压直接作用在电器终端控制板电路上。

The invention relates to a low standby power consumption electrical terminal control board circuit, comprising a power module, an MCU main control module, a display module, a drive module, a relay (K1), a first triode (Q1), a first resistor (R1 ), the first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), the first capacitor (C1), the sixth resistor (R6), the seventh resistor (R7) and the power switch (SW1), the power module The input terminal is connected to the live wire input terminal and the neutral line input terminal of the mains. The power module has a +12V power output terminal and a +5V power output terminal. It is characterized in that it also includes a safety capacitor (C), the second and third An electrode tube (Q2), a third triode (Q3), a second resistor (R2), a third resistor (R3), a fourth resistor (R4), and a fifth resistor (R5). Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of only adding two triodes, a safety capacitor and several resistors, and the cost is low, and low standby power consumption can be achieved, and at the same time, it can be isolated from the power grid to avoid high voltage It acts directly on the circuit of the electrical terminal control board.

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路A low standby power consumption electrical terminal control board circuit

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路。The invention relates to an electrical terminal control board circuit with low standby power consumption.

背景技术Background technique

当今流行的波轮洗衣机控制板基本都是用可控硅来驱动控制,为了实现低成本控制,主控电路都采用非隔离方案;为了增加可控硅的使用寿命,使可控硅在待机时不受电网的冲击,待机时采用继电器K1使控制板中的可控硅与火线断开,而主控电路的电源部分还连着火线,因此电源部分还是会受电网的冲击,如图1所示,图中虚线部分可以是线性电源也可以是开关电源。线性电源的优点是可靠性相对较高,缺点是待机功耗较大,普通3瓦的变压器待机功耗在0.5瓦和1瓦之间,随着电网电压波动,特别是电网电压的升高,待机功耗急剧上升;而开关电源的优点是有很高的电压带宽(85VAC~264VAC),待机功耗相对较低,一般在0.5瓦以内,有些低功耗开关电源再配合主控电路的控制,可以使待机功耗低于0.1瓦,但缺点是可靠性相对低些,要达到0.1瓦以内超低待机功耗的开关电源的控制芯片成本较高,而且高频变压器绕线也有特殊要求,变压器成本也略有增加。Today's popular pulsator washing machine control boards basically use thyristors to drive and control. In order to achieve low-cost control, the main control circuit adopts a non-isolated scheme; Without the impact of the power grid, the relay K1 is used to disconnect the SCR in the control board from the live wire during standby, and the power part of the main control circuit is still connected to the live wire, so the power part will still be impacted by the power grid, as shown in Figure 1 The dotted line in the figure can be a linear power supply or a switching power supply. The advantage of a linear power supply is that its reliability is relatively high. The disadvantage is that the standby power consumption is large. The standby power consumption of a common 3-watt transformer is between 0.5 watts and 1 watt. With the fluctuation of the grid voltage, especially the increase of the grid voltage, Standby power consumption rises sharply; and the advantage of switching power supply is that it has a high voltage bandwidth (85VAC ~ 264VAC), and the standby power consumption is relatively low, generally within 0.5 watts. Some low-power switching power supplies cooperate with the control of the main control circuit , can make the standby power consumption lower than 0.1 watts, but the disadvantage is that the reliability is relatively low. The control chip of the switching power supply with ultra-low standby power consumption within 0.1 watts has a high cost, and the high-frequency transformer winding also has special requirements. There is also a slight increase in transformer cost.

为了降低功耗,有人发明了零功耗的控制板,在原来的控制板上增加一个转换型机械开关SW1,转换型机械开关SW1自由状态下是5V电气点和Key电气点连接,转换型机械开关SW1同时也是按键和继电器K1一起,用来控制火线的断开,电路原理图参见附图2所示,用这种方法可以使电源也和火线断开。当按下转换型机械开关SW1时,电源部分接通了火线,主控电路的MCU得电开始工作,这时通过控制继电器K1来实现火线的续接通,继电器K1转换型机械开关SW1松开后仍然续电,当继电器K1吸合后,转换型机械开关SW1就失去了接通火线的作用,紧紧当作开关机按键使用。在开机状态下按下该键,主控电路的MCU得到关机的指令后,延时释放继电器K1,从而使整个控制板断电。用换型机械开关SW1控制电源方案,由于待机后和电网完全断开,能实现零功耗待机,并大大提高了可靠性。由于控制电源火线的接通的转换型机械开关SW1用在220VAC的环境下,有可能产生电弧,所以对其触点材料要求较高,所以相对较贵,同时有些客户要求有掉电记忆功能(即洗衣没有完成就掉电了,来电后从断点开始运行)时,现有的控制板电路无法实现自动启动。In order to reduce power consumption, someone invented a zero-power control board, and added a conversion-type mechanical switch SW1 to the original control board. The conversion-type mechanical switch SW1 is connected to the 5V electrical point and the Key electrical point in the free state. The switch SW1 is also a button and the relay K1 together, and is used to control the disconnection of the live wire. The schematic diagram of the circuit is shown in accompanying drawing 2. In this way, the power supply can also be disconnected from the live wire. When the conversion type mechanical switch SW1 is pressed, the power supply part is connected to the live wire, and the MCU of the main control circuit is powered on to start working. At this time, the continuous connection of the live wire is realized by controlling the relay K1, and the conversion type mechanical switch SW1 of the relay K1 is released. Afterwards, the power is still continued. When the relay K1 is pulled in, the conversion mechanical switch SW1 loses the function of connecting the live wire, and is used as a switch button. Press this key in the power-on state, and the MCU of the main control circuit will release the relay K1 after a delay after receiving the shutdown command, so that the entire control board will be powered off. The power supply scheme is controlled by the type-changing mechanical switch SW1. Since it is completely disconnected from the power grid after standby, zero power consumption standby can be realized, and the reliability is greatly improved. Since the switching mechanical switch SW1 that controls the connection of the live wire of the power supply is used in a 220VAC environment, arcing may occur, so the requirements for its contact material are relatively high, so it is relatively expensive, and some customers require a power-off memory function ( That is, when the laundry is not completed, the power is lost, and the current control board circuit cannot be automatically started when it starts to run from the breakpoint after the incoming power.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术提供一种低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,该电路成本较低,并且和电网有隔离作用。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrical terminal control board circuit with low standby power consumption in view of the above-mentioned prior art. The circuit has low cost and is isolated from the power grid.

本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:一种低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,包括电源模块、MCU主控模块、显示模块、驱动模块、继电器、第一三极管、第一电阻、第一二极管、第二二极管、第一电容、第六电阻、第七电阻和电源开关,电源模块的输入端与市电的火线接入端和零线接入端连接,电源模块具有+12V电源输出端和+5V电源输出端,其中继电器线圈的第一端与电源模块的+12V电源输出端连接,继电器线圈的第二端连接第一三极管的集电极,第一三极管的基极连接第一电阻后与MCU主控模块的IO引脚连接,二极管的正极连接继电器线圈的第二端,二极管的负极连接继电器线圈的第一端,电源开关的第一端连接电源模块的+5V电源输出端,电源开关的第二端连接第六电阻后与MCU主控模块的另一IO引脚连接,第二二极管的正极连接电源开关的第二端,第二二极管的负极连接MCU主控模块的VDD引脚,第一电容和第七电阻的第一端均与MCU主控模块的另一IO引脚连接,第一电容和第七电阻的第二端均接地;其特征在于:还包括一安规电容、第二三极管、第三三极管、第二电阻、第三电阻、第四电阻、第五电阻,其中继电器的第一触点与市电的火线接入端连接,继电器的第二触点连接安规电容后也与市电的火线接入端连接,第二电阻的两端连接在安规电容的两端,继电器线圈的第二端连接第四电阻后与第三三极管的基极连接,第三三极管的发射极与电源模块的+12V电源输出端连接,第三三极管的集电极连接第五电阻后与第二三极管的基极连接,第三电阻的第一端与第二三极管的基极连接,第三电阻的第二端接地;显示模块和驱动模块的VDD引脚均与第二三极管的发射极连接;另外,继电器的第三触点也与第二三极管的发射极连接;而MCU主控模块的VDD引脚与第二三极管的发射极连接或MCU主控模块的VDD引脚与电源模块的+5V电源输出端连接。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a low standby power consumption electrical terminal control board circuit, including a power supply module, an MCU main control module, a display module, a drive module, a relay, a first triode, a second A resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a power switch, the input terminal of the power module is connected to the live wire input terminal and the neutral wire input terminal of the mains , the power module has a +12V power output terminal and a +5V power output terminal, wherein the first end of the relay coil is connected to the +12V power output end of the power module, and the second end of the relay coil is connected to the collector of the first triode, The base of the first triode is connected to the IO pin of the MCU main control module after connecting the first resistor, the anode of the diode is connected to the second end of the relay coil, the cathode of the diode is connected to the first end of the relay coil, and the first end of the power switch One end is connected to the +5V power output terminal of the power module, the second end of the power switch is connected to the sixth resistor and then connected to the other IO pin of the MCU main control module, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the power switch , the cathode of the second diode is connected to the VDD pin of the MCU main control module, the first end of the first capacitor and the seventh resistor are connected to another IO pin of the MCU main control module, the first capacitor and the seventh resistor The second ends of both are grounded; it is characterized in that it also includes a safety capacitor, a second triode, a third triode, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, wherein the relay's first One contact is connected to the live wire input end of the mains, the second contact of the relay is connected to the safety capacitor and also connected to the live wire input end of the mains, and the two ends of the second resistor are connected to the two ends of the safety capacitor. The second end of the relay coil is connected to the fourth resistor and then connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the +12V power output terminal of the power module, and the collector of the third transistor is connected to The fifth resistor is then connected to the base of the second transistor, the first end of the third resistor is connected to the base of the second transistor, and the second end of the third resistor is grounded; the VDD leads of the display module and the drive module pins are connected to the emitter of the second transistor; in addition, the third contact of the relay is also connected to the emitter of the second transistor; and the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is connected to the emitter of the second transistor Pole connection or the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is connected to the +5V power output terminal of the power supply module.

所述电源模块采用开关电源。The power supply module adopts switching power supply.

所述安规电容选择电容量为0.01uF的安规电容。The safety capacitor with a capacity of 0.01uF is selected as the safety capacitor.

与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:仅仅增加两个三极管、一个安规电容和几只电阻,成本较低,即可实现低待机功耗,同时能和电网有隔离作用,避免高压直接作用在电器终端控制板电路上,从而提高了电器终端控制板电路的可靠性。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of only adding two triodes, a safety capacitor and several resistors, and the cost is low, and low standby power consumption can be achieved, and at the same time, it can be isolated from the power grid to avoid high voltage It acts directly on the circuit of the electrical terminal control board, thereby improving the reliability of the electrical terminal control board circuit.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为现有技术中电器终端控制板电路的一种原理图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of an electrical terminal control board in the prior art;

图2为现有技术中电器终端控制板电路的另一种原理图;Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the electric terminal control board circuit in the prior art;

图3为本发明实施例一中电器终端控制板电路原理图;Fig. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of an electrical terminal control board in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例二中电器终端控制板电路原理图。Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of an electrical terminal control board in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

实施例一Embodiment one

如图3所示的低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,包括电源模块、MCU主控模块、显示模块、驱动模块、继电器K1、第一三极管Q1、第一电阻R1、第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第一电容C1、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7和电源开关SW1,电源模块的输入端与市电的火线接入端和零线接入端连接,电源模块具有+12V电源输出端和+5V电源输出端,其中继电器K1线圈的第一端与电源模块的+12V电源输出端连接,继电器K1线圈的第二端连接第一三极管Q1的集电极,第一三极管Q1的基极连接第一电阻R1后与MCU主控模块的IO引脚连接,二极管D1的正极连接继电器K1线圈的第二端,二极管D1的负极连接继电器K1线圈的第一端,电源开关SW1的第一端连接电源模块的+5V电源输出端,电源开关SW1的第二端连接第六电阻R6后与MCU主控模块的另一IO引脚连接,第二二极管D2的正极连接电源开关SW1的第二端,第二二极管D2的负极连接MCU主控模块的VDD引脚,第一电容C1和第七电阻R7的第一端均与MCU主控模块的另一IO引脚连接,第一电容C1和第七电阻R7的第二端均接地;其特征在于:还包括一安规电容C、第二三极管Q2、第三三极管Q3、第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5,其中继电器K1的第一触点与市电的火线接入端连接,继电器K1的第二触点连接安规电容C后也与市电的火线接入端连接,第二电阻R2的两端连接在安规电容C的两端,继电器K1线圈的第二端连接第四电阻R4后与第三三极管Q3的基极连接,第三三极管Q3的发射极与电源模块的+12V电源输出端连接,第三三极管Q3的集电极连接第五电阻R5后与第二三极管Q2的基极连接,第三电阻(R3)的第一端与第二三极管Q2的基极连接,第三电阻R3的第二端接地;显示模块和驱动模块的VDD引脚均与第二三极管Q2的发射极连接;另外,继电器K1的第三触点也与第二三极管Q2的发射极连接;而MCU主控模块的VDD引脚与第二三极管Q2的发射极连接。The electrical terminal control board circuit with low standby power consumption as shown in Figure 3 includes a power supply module, an MCU main control module, a display module, a drive module, a relay K1, a first triode Q1, a first resistor R1, a first two Diode D1, second diode D2, first capacitor C1, sixth resistor R6, seventh resistor R7, and power switch SW1, the input end of the power module is connected to the live line input end and the neutral line input end of the mains , the power module has a +12V power output terminal and a +5V power output terminal, wherein the first end of the relay K1 coil is connected to the +12V power output end of the power module, and the second end of the relay K1 coil is connected to the first triode Q1 The collector, the base of the first triode Q1 is connected to the first resistor R1 and then connected to the IO pin of the MCU main control module, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the second end of the coil of the relay K1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the coil of the relay K1 The first end of the power switch SW1 is connected to the +5V power output end of the power module, the second end of the power switch SW1 is connected to the sixth resistor R6 and then connected to another IO pin of the MCU main control module, and the second The anode of the diode D2 is connected to the second end of the power switch SW1, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the VDD pin of the MCU main control module, and the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the seventh resistor R7 are both connected to the MCU main control module. The other IO pin of the control module is connected, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the seventh resistor R7 are both grounded; it is characterized in that it also includes a safety capacitor C, the second transistor Q2, and the third transistor Q3, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, and the fifth resistor R5, wherein the first contact of the relay K1 is connected to the live wire input terminal of the mains, and the second contact of the relay K1 is connected to the safety regulation The capacitor C is also connected to the live wire input end of the mains, the two ends of the second resistor R2 are connected to the two ends of the safety capacitor C, the second end of the relay K1 coil is connected to the fourth resistor R4 and connected to the third triode The base of Q3 is connected, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the +12V power output terminal of the power module, the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2 after connecting the fifth resistor R5 The first end of the third resistor (R3) is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded; the VDD pins of the display module and the driving module are connected to the second transistor Q2 The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected; in addition, the third contact of the relay K1 is also connected with the emitter of the second transistor Q2; and the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is connected with the emitter of the second transistor Q2.

上述电路中,电源模块采用开关电源,继电器K1为转换型继电器。In the above circuit, the power module adopts a switching power supply, and the relay K1 is a switching relay.

在阻容降压式的负载连接电路中,负载电压恒定的情况下,阻容降压电路相当于一个恒流源,利用这个特点,把阻容降压部分假设成一个恒流源,而负载可变,意味着当负载阻抗越小,消耗的功率越小,阻容降压电路在实际应用中如果负载变化时,负载电压是变化的,阻容的电流也是变化的,在负载相对较低(36V以下)时,电流的变化很小,随着负载电压增高,电流会急剧变小,根据阻容降压的这些特性,本电路中,将电源模块的火线接入端用安规电容隔开,起降压保护的效果。In the RC step-down load connection circuit, when the load voltage is constant, the RC step-down circuit is equivalent to a constant current source. Using this feature, the RC step-down part is assumed to be a constant current source, and the load Variable means that when the load impedance is smaller, the power consumption is smaller. In practical applications, if the load of the resistance-capacitance step-down circuit changes, the load voltage changes, and the resistance-capacitance current also changes. When the load is relatively low (Below 36V), the change of current is very small. As the load voltage increases, the current will decrease sharply. According to these characteristics of resistance-capacitance step-down, in this circuit, the live wire input terminal of the power module is isolated with a safety capacitor Open to play the effect of step-down protection.

当电器终端控制板电路在待机情况下,继电器在失去电时,使开关电源的火线接入端直接断开;这时开关电源火线接入端通过安规电容C续电;开关电源采用的是原边反馈方式,采用电源管理芯片——台湾绿达(CR8903)或者昂宝(OB2666)。这两款芯片有个特性,只有当开关电源电路中的电解电容充电至12V时才能开始工作,所以在安规电容给开关电源续电时,开关电源不是一直在工作,而是间歇的工作。When the electrical terminal control board circuit is in standby mode, when the relay loses power, the live wire input end of the switching power supply is directly disconnected; at this time, the live wire input end of the switching power supply is powered through the safety capacitor C; the switching power supply uses The primary side feedback method uses a power management chip - Taiwan Green (CR8903) or Angbao (OB2666). These two chips have a feature that they can only start working when the electrolytic capacitor in the switching power supply circuit is charged to 12V, so when the safety capacitor continues to power the switching power supply, the switching power supply does not work all the time, but intermittently.

由于开关电源是间歇工作的,所以整个电器终端控制板电路在待机过程中,待机功耗很小,市电220VAC时,待机功耗只有0.7瓦。而且开关电源不是直接接到电网上,当电网电压升高时,开关电源进入连续工作状态,虽然如此,但是直接作用在开关电源上的电压比理论值小得多;如当电网电压高达350VAC,整个电器终端控制板电路的待机功耗也只有0.25瓦。Since the switching power supply works intermittently, the standby power consumption of the entire electrical terminal control board circuit is very small during the standby process. When the mains power is 220VAC, the standby power consumption is only 0.7 watts. Moreover, the switching power supply is not directly connected to the grid. When the grid voltage rises, the switching power supply enters a continuous working state. Even so, the voltage directly acting on the switching power supply is much smaller than the theoretical value; for example, when the grid voltage is as high as 350VAC, The standby power consumption of the entire electrical terminal control board circuit is only 0.25 watts.

上述电路的工作原理为:在待机状态下,MCU主控模块是没有电的,这种用法好处是程序简单,当按下电源开关SW1时,电源模块的+5V电源输出端经过电源开关SW1,再通过第二二极管D2使MCU主控模块得电开始工作;MCU主控模块读到电源开关SW1为高电平时,吸合继电器K1,这时第一三极管Q1、第二三极管Q2和第三三极管Q3都处于导通状态;当电源开关SW1松开时,处在导通状态的第二三极管Q2代替电源开关SW1和第二二极管D2给显示模块、驱动模块和MCU主控模块供电;当MCU主控模块再次读到电源开关SW1为高电平时,释放继电器K1,同时第一三极管Q1、第二三极管Q2和第三三极管Q3也进入截止状态,再松开电源开关SW1时,MCU主控模块失去电能,进入待机状态;这种方法软件控制简单,即能达到低功耗的效果,也能达到间接隔离防电网冲击的效果,缺点是不能实现掉电记忆功能,即洗衣没有完成就掉电了,来电后从断点开始运行的功能。The working principle of the above circuit is: in the standby state, the MCU main control module has no power. The advantage of this usage is that the program is simple. When the power switch SW1 is pressed, the +5V power output terminal of the power module passes through the power switch SW1. Then through the second diode D2, the MCU main control module is energized and starts to work; when the MCU main control module reads that the power switch SW1 is at a high level, it pulls in the relay K1, and at this time the first triode Q1 and the second triode Both the transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 are in the conduction state; when the power switch SW1 is released, the second transistor Q2 in the conduction state replaces the power switch SW1 and the second diode D2 for the display module, The drive module and the MCU main control module supply power; when the MCU main control module reads that the power switch SW1 is high again, the relay K1 is released, and the first triode Q1, the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 It also enters the cut-off state, and when the power switch SW1 is released, the MCU main control module loses power and enters the standby state; this method is simple in software control, which can achieve the effect of low power consumption, and can also achieve the effect of indirect isolation and anti-grid impact , The disadvantage is that the power-off memory function cannot be realized, that is, the power-off is not completed when the laundry is not completed, and the function of starting to run from the breakpoint after the call is received.

由于负载是变化的,负载的电压也是变化的,安规电容C的电流也是变化的。而且负载电压越高通过安规电容C的正弦电压会严重失真。在开关电源没有工作时,负载属于电解电容,相当于给电解电容充电。负载的电压也就是电解电容的充电电压,由于负载电压U是动态变化的,所以负载也是周期性变化。负载的周期在电网的电压固定时,变化是固定的,但是不是按工频来变化。所以在实际的工程应用中,安规电容C的选取太大,开关电源就一直处在工作状态,隔离保护的作用就降低了;安规电容C选取太小,特别在低压时,充电时间太长,初次接通电网到开关电源输出5V电压的时间太长,用户无法接受。所以我们不需要使用复杂的公式去计算所用的安规电容C的大小,而是通过最低工作电压时,接通电网后,到开关电源输出5V电压时间来选取C.对于洗衣机控制板来说,要求在低压-15%能正常工作,将余量放大到-25%,即电压低至165VAC(220*(1-25%))时,要求从接通电网到开关电源输出5V电压的时间不能超过2秒(一般用户从把插头插好后,到转身去操作控制板的时间会超过2秒),在165VAC电压下,用不同的安规电容去实验,,此时选用0.01uF时启动时间只需要1.66秒,符合实际使用要求。Since the load changes, the voltage of the load also changes, and the current of the safety capacitor C also changes. Moreover, the higher the load voltage, the sinusoidal voltage passing through the safety capacitor C will be severely distorted. When the switching power supply is not working, the load belongs to the electrolytic capacitor, which is equivalent to charging the electrolytic capacitor. The voltage of the load is also the charging voltage of the electrolytic capacitor. Since the load voltage U changes dynamically, the load also changes periodically. When the voltage of the grid is fixed, the change of the load cycle is fixed, but it does not change according to the power frequency. Therefore, in practical engineering applications, if the safety capacitor C is selected too large, the switching power supply will always be in working condition, and the effect of isolation protection will be reduced; if the safety capacitor C is selected too small, especially at low voltage, the charging time will be too long. Long, the time from the first connection to the power grid to the switching power supply outputting 5V voltage is too long, which is unacceptable to the user. Therefore, we do not need to use complex formulas to calculate the size of the safety capacitor C used, but to select C by the minimum working voltage, after connecting to the power grid, and the switching power supply outputting 5V voltage time. For the washing machine control board, It is required to work normally at a low voltage of -15%, and the margin is enlarged to -25%, that is, when the voltage is as low as 165VAC (220*(1-25%)), it is required that the time from connecting the power grid to switching power supply outputting 5V voltage cannot be More than 2 seconds (generally, it takes more than 2 seconds for the user to turn around and operate the control panel after plugging in the plug), under 165VAC voltage, use different safety capacitors to experiment, at this time, the start-up time when 0.01uF is selected It only takes 1.66 seconds, which meets the requirements of actual use.

实施例二Embodiment two

与实施例一不同的是,MCU主控模块的VDD引脚直接与电源模块的+5V电源输出端连接。Different from Embodiment 1, the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is directly connected to the +5V power output terminal of the power module.

工作原理与实施例一基本相同,不同的是MCU主控模块的VDD引脚直接与电源模块的+5V电源输出端连接,MCU主控模块一直有电。而为了使待机下节省电能(使5V电压保持不变),必须让MCU主控模块处于休眠状态,只有电源开关SW1按下或者初次上电时才能激活MCU主控模块,因此只要电网有电,MCU主控模块就有电,所以除了实现实施例一描述的功能外,还能实现掉电记忆功能。The working principle is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is directly connected to the +5V power output terminal of the power supply module, and the MCU main control module is always powered. In order to save power in standby (keep the 5V voltage unchanged), the MCU main control module must be in a dormant state, and the MCU main control module can only be activated when the power switch SW1 is pressed or the power is turned on for the first time. The MCU main control module has power, so in addition to realizing the functions described in Embodiment 1, it can also realize the power-off memory function.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese
1.一种低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,包括电源模块、MCU主控模块、显示模块、驱动模块、继电器(K1)、第一三极管(Q1)、第一电阻(R1)、第一二极管(D1)、第二二极管(D2)、第一电容(C1)、第六电阻(R6)、第七电阻(R7)和电源开关(SW1),电源模块的输入端与市电的火线接入端和零线接入端连接,电源模块具有+12V电源输出端和+5V电源输出端,其中继电器(K1)线圈的第一端与电源模块的+12V电源输出端连接,继电器(K1)线圈的第二端连接第一三极管(Q1)的集电极,第一三极管(Q1)的基极连接第一电阻(R1)后与MCU主控模块的IO引脚连接,二极管(D1)的正极连接继电器(K1)线圈的第二端,二极管(D1)的负极连接继电器(K1)线圈的第一端,电源开关(SW1)的第一端连接电源模块的+5V电源输出端,电源开关(SW1)的第二端连接第六电阻(R6)后与MCU主控模块的另一IO引脚连接,第二二极管(D2)的正极连接电源开关(SW1)的第二端,第二二极管(D2)的负极连接MCU主控模块的VDD引脚,第一电容(C1)和第七电阻(R7)的第一端均与MCU主控模块的另一IO引脚连接,第一电容(C1)和第七电阻(R7)的第二端均接地;其特征在于:还包括一安规电容(C)、第二三极管(Q2)、第三三极管(Q3)、第二电阻(R2)、第三电阻(R3)、第四电阻(R4)、第五电阻(R5),其中继电器(K1)的第一触点与市电的火线接入端连接,继电器(K1)的第二触点连接安规电容(C)后也与市电的火线接入端连接,第二电阻(R2)的两端连接在安规电容(C)的两端,继电器(K1)线圈的第二端连接第四电阻(R4)后与第三三极管(Q3)的基极连接,第三三极管(Q3)的发射极与电源模块的+12V电源输出端连接,第三三极管(Q3)的集电极连接第五电阻(R5)后与第二三极管(Q2)的基极连接,第三电阻(R3)的第一端与第二三极管(Q2)的基极连接,第三电阻(R3)的第二端接地;显示模块和驱动模块的VDD引脚均与第二三极管(Q2)的发射极连接;另外,继电器(K1)的第三触点也与第二三极管(Q2)的发射极连接;而MCU主控模块的VDD引脚与第二三极管(Q2)的发射极连接或MCU主控模块的VDD引脚与电源模块的+5V电源输出端连接。1. An electrical terminal control board circuit with low standby power consumption, including a power supply module, an MCU main control module, a display module, a drive module, a relay (K1), a first triode (Q1), and a first resistor (R1) , the first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), the first capacitor (C1), the sixth resistor (R6), the seventh resistor (R7) and the power switch (SW1), the input of the power module The terminal is connected to the live wire input terminal and the neutral wire input terminal of the mains. The power module has a +12V power output terminal and a +5V power output terminal, and the first terminal of the relay (K1) coil is connected to the +12V power output of the power module. The second end of the relay (K1) coil is connected to the collector of the first triode (Q1), and the base of the first triode (Q1) is connected to the first resistor (R1) to connect with the MCU main control module. IO pin connection, the anode of the diode (D1) is connected to the second end of the relay (K1) coil, the cathode of the diode (D1) is connected to the first end of the relay (K1) coil, and the first end of the power switch (SW1) is connected to the power supply The +5V power supply output terminal of the module, the second terminal of the power switch (SW1) is connected to the sixth resistor (R6) and then connected to another IO pin of the MCU main control module, and the anode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the power supply The second end of the switch (SW1), the cathode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the VDD pin of the MCU main control module, and the first end of the first capacitor (C1) and the seventh resistor (R7) are both connected to the MCU main control module. The other IO pin of the control module is connected, and the second end of the first capacitor (C1) and the seventh resistor (R7) are both grounded; it is characterized in that: it also includes a safety capacitor (C), a second triode ( Q2), the third triode (Q3), the second resistor (R2), the third resistor (R3), the fourth resistor (R4), the fifth resistor (R5), the first contact of the relay (K1) It is connected to the live wire input end of the mains, the second contact of the relay (K1) is connected to the safety capacitor (C) and also connected to the live wire input end of the mains, and the two ends of the second resistor (R2) are connected to the safety capacitor (C). The two ends of the gauge capacitor (C), the second end of the relay (K1) coil is connected to the fourth resistor (R4) and then connected to the base of the third transistor (Q3), and the emitter of the third transistor (Q3) The pole is connected to the +12V power output terminal of the power module, the collector of the third transistor (Q3) is connected to the fifth resistor (R5) and then connected to the base of the second transistor (Q2), and the third resistor (R3) ) is connected to the base of the second triode (Q2), and the second end of the third resistor (R3) is grounded; the VDD pins of the display module and the driving module are connected to the second transistor (Q2) In addition, the third contact of the relay (K1) is also connected to the emitter of the second transistor (Q2); and the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is connected to the second transistor (Q2) The emitter is connected or the VDD pin of the MCU main control module is connected to the +5V power output terminal of the power module.2.根据权利要求1所述的低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,其特征在于:所述电源模块采用开关电源。2. The electrical terminal control board circuit with low standby power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply module adopts a switching power supply.3.根据权利要求1所述的低待机功耗的电器终端控制板电路,其特征在于:所述安规电容选择电容量为0.01uF的安规电容。3 . The electrical terminal control board circuit with low standby power consumption according to claim 1 , wherein the safety capacitor is a safety capacitor with a capacitance of 0.01uF. 4 .
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