技术领域technical field
本发明涉及测氡仪校准器，属于核电子学仪器及电离辐射计量技术领域。该装置能够根据用户需要的氡浓度期望值，在一个较小的密闭空间里(40～60升)自动地产生该期望值下的稳定浓度氡气，供待校准的测氡仪器进行测量，以完成对测氡仪的校准或刻度。装置为一体化结构，整机体积小于0.5立方米，总量小于30公斤，便于外出作业时携带和运输，可应用于固定安装型测氡仪的现场校准。The invention relates to a calibrator for a radon measuring instrument, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear electronics instruments and ionizing radiation measurement. According to the expected value of radon concentration required by the user, the device can automatically generate a stable concentration of radon gas under the expected value in a small closed space (40-60 liters), which is used for measurement by the radon measuring instrument to be calibrated, so as to complete the measurement. Calibration or calibration of a radon meter. The device is an integrated structure, the volume of the whole machine is less than 0.5 cubic meters, and the total volume is less than 30 kilograms. It is easy to carry and transport when going out to work, and can be applied to the field calibration of fixed-installation radon detectors.
背景技术Background technique
氡及短寿子体在自然环境(特别是大气环境)下均处于放射性平衡状态，因而刻度测氡仪器也要求提供的氡及短寿子体处于放射性平衡。通常，要获得一个稳定的氡浓度，常用的方法是将铀矿石或氡源放置于一个密闭的小容器内，铀矿石或氡源释放的氡自然扩散出来，三小时后基本处于放射性平衡，此时可以刻度仪器。但要改变氡浓度值，则需要增加矿石或氡源的量，无法实现自动控制。要实现氡浓度的自动控制和稳定，就必须设计可精确控制氡发生率的稳定氡源，最理想的方式是采用流气式固体氡源。本校准器中的微型流气式氡源由含镭(Rn-226)固体化合物制作，其中的镭经过了下面的放射性衰变过程：Radon and short-lived progeny are in a state of radioactivity balance in the natural environment (especially the atmospheric environment), so the radon and short-lived progeny provided by the calibration radon instrument are also required to be in radioactive balance. Usually, to obtain a stable radon concentration, the common method is to place the uranium ore or radon source in a small airtight container, and the radon released by the uranium ore or radon source will diffuse out naturally, and it will basically be in radioactive equilibrium after three hours. The instrument can be calibrated at any time. But to change the radon concentration value, it is necessary to increase the amount of ore or radon source, which cannot realize automatic control. In order to realize the automatic control and stability of radon concentration, it is necessary to design a stable radon source that can precisely control the incidence of radon, and the most ideal way is to use a flow-type solid radon source. The miniature gas-flowing radon source in this calibrator is made of solid compound containing radium (Rn-226), and the radium in it has undergone the following radioactive decay process:
假设核素226Ra为第0个核素，该核素的衰变常数、任意t时刻具有的原子数和活度分别记为λ0、N0(t)和Q0(t)；同理，从第1个核素222Rn到第6个核素210Po的衰变常数、任意t时刻具有的原子数和活度分别记为λi、Ni(t)和Qi(t)(i＝1,2,3,4,5,6)，且第6个核素210Po属于长寿子体，在校准器的运行时间内，该核素的活度可以忽略不计。由于大部分测氡方法，都是测量α射线，即测氡仪器计数由校准器氡箱中的第1个核素222Rn、第2个核素218Po和第5个核素214Po的α射线总活度Q1(t)+Q2(t)+Q5(t)共同引起。因此，在调节校准器氡浓度的同时，必须考虑校准器氡箱中氡及短寿子体的放射性平衡。Assuming that the nuclide226 Ra is the 0th nuclide, the decay constant, number of atoms and activity of this nuclide at any time t are recorded as λ0 , N0 (t) and Q0 (t); similarly, The decay constant from the first nuclide222 Rn to the sixth nuclide210 Po, the number of atoms and the activity at any time t are respectively denoted as λi , Ni (t) and Qi (t) (i= 1,2,3,4,5,6), and the sixth nuclide210 Po belongs to the long-lived daughter body, and the activity of this nuclide is negligible during the running time of the calibrator. Since most radon measurement methods are to measure α-rays, that is, the radon measurement instrument counts the α of the first nuclide222 Rn, the second nuclide218 Po and the fifth nuclide214 Po in the radon box of the calibrator. The total ray activity Q1 (t)+Q2 (t)+Q5 (t) is jointly caused. Therefore, while adjusting the radon concentration of the calibrator, the radioactivity balance of radon and short-lived daughters in the radon chamber of the calibrator must be considered.
校准器开始运行时，首先控制电路板发出信号控制两组电磁阀将氡源气路与进出口两端大气连通，进入氡源排出积累氡的排氡模式，微型气泵开始工作50～60分钟，将氡源内富集的氡和子体排出。之后控制两组电磁阀将氡源气路切换到与氡箱进出口连通，构成与氡箱的闭路循环，进入补氡模式，开始向氡箱输入氡气。此时氡源单位时间内产生的氡气量是恒定值。随后氡箱中的氡浓度将以一定速度上升，到达设定值后，氡源气路切换回大气。之后氡由于自然衰变和箱体材料的吸附和箱体泄漏等因素，氡浓度开始下降。控制电路板在微处理器程序的控制下按一定的时间间隔开始间歇补氡，使得氡浓度在一定范围内保持相对稳定。When the calibrator starts to operate, firstly the control circuit board sends a signal to control two groups of solenoid valves to connect the radon source gas path with the atmosphere at both ends of the inlet and outlet, and enters the radon exhaust mode in which the radon source discharges the accumulated radon, and the micro air pump starts to work for 50-60 minutes. Exhaust the radon and daughters enriched in the radon source. Then control two groups of solenoid valves to switch the radon source gas path to communicate with the radon box inlet and outlet to form a closed loop with the radon box, enter the radon supplement mode, and start to input radon gas into the radon box. At this time, the amount of radon gas produced by the radon source per unit time is a constant value. Then the radon concentration in the radon box will rise at a certain speed, and after reaching the set value, the radon source gas path will switch back to the atmosphere. After that, the radon concentration began to decrease due to factors such as natural decay, adsorption of box materials, and box leakage. Under the control of the microprocessor program, the control circuit board starts to replenish radon intermittently at a certain time interval, so that the radon concentration remains relatively stable within a certain range.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种可设定三种氡浓度值，且氡浓度稳定、均匀的测氡仪校准器，且该装置为一体化结构、体积小、重量轻，便于携带和运输，能够到用户现场进行氡和氡子体测量仪器的校准刻度，同时也可用于研究氡、氡子体的相关实验。The invention provides a calibrator for a radon meter that can set three radon concentration values, and the radon concentration is stable and uniform, and the device is an integrated structure, small in size, light in weight, easy to carry and transport, and can be delivered to users On-site calibration of measuring instruments for radon and radon daughters can also be used for related experiments on radon and radon daughters.
本发明的技术方案：一种便携式测氡仪校准器，该校准器包括机箱、氡箱、搅拌风扇、取样孔、固体氡源、微型气泵、干燥过滤器、电磁阀、连接管路、控制电路板、LCD显示屏、按键和电源模块；其中氡箱、搅拌风扇和取样孔位于机箱的上部；固体氡源、微型气泵、干燥过滤器、电磁阀、控制电路板、LCD显示屏、按键和电源模块位于机箱的下部；该校准器内部采用连接管路依次连接了氡箱、电磁阀、干燥过滤器、固体氡源、微型气泵和电磁阀，构成了氡源气路。采用连接管路依次连接了氡箱、电磁阀和微型气泵，构成了氡箱排氡气路；搅拌风扇安装于氡箱内部；氡箱上设有取样孔，位于氡箱的中心位置，与氡箱连通，取样孔由2～4个常闭快接头构成；控制电路板通过线路连接所有电磁阀和微型气泵，控制每个电磁阀和微型气泵的开启和关闭；LCD显示屏和按键通过数据现与控制电路板相连，并和电源模块一同安装于机箱的下部；机箱下部面板开孔，将LCD显示屏和按键露出，便于操作；电源模块将交流市电转换为直流电，供给控制电路板。The technical scheme of the present invention: a portable calibrator for measuring radon, which includes a chassis, a radon box, a stirring fan, a sampling hole, a solid radon source, a micro air pump, a dry filter, a solenoid valve, a connecting pipeline, and a control circuit board, LCD display, buttons and power supply module; the radon box, stirring fan and sampling hole are located on the upper part of the case; solid radon source, micro air pump, dry filter, solenoid valve, control circuit board, LCD display, buttons and power supply The module is located at the lower part of the chassis; the calibrator uses connecting pipelines to connect the radon box, solenoid valve, dry filter, solid radon source, micro air pump and solenoid valve in sequence, forming a radon source gas circuit. The radon box, the solenoid valve and the micro-pump are connected in turn by connecting pipelines, forming a radon gas exhausting path of the radon box; the stirring fan is installed inside the radon box; the radon box is provided with a sampling hole, which is located in the center of the radon box, and is connected to the radon box. The sampling hole is composed of 2 to 4 normally closed quick connectors; the control circuit board is connected to all solenoid valves and micro air pumps through lines to control the opening and closing of each solenoid valve and micro air pump; It is connected with the control circuit board and installed together with the power module at the lower part of the chassis; the lower panel of the chassis has a hole to expose the LCD display and buttons for easy operation; the power module converts the AC mains power into DC power and supplies it to the control circuit board.
氡箱采用气密结构，其内部氡浓度调节是通过电路板控制氡源和排氡气路进行切换，并采用开环式间歇补氡控制算法实现氡浓度的自动控制和调节。The radon box adopts an airtight structure, and the internal radon concentration is adjusted by switching between the radon source and the radon exhaust circuit through the circuit board, and the open-loop intermittent radon supplement control algorithm is used to realize the automatic control and adjustment of the radon concentration.
通过电磁阀的切换操作，使氡源气路在对氡箱的补氡模式和氡源排出积累氡的排氡模式之间相互切换；具体为：当电磁阀开启，同时电磁阀关闭时，为氡源对氡箱补氡模式；当电磁阀关闭，同时电磁阀开启时，为氡源排出积累氡的模式。Through the switching operation of the solenoid valve, the radon source gas circuit is switched between the radon supplement mode for the radon box and the radon discharge mode for the radon source to discharge and accumulate radon; specifically: when the solenoid valve is opened and the solenoid valve is closed at the same time, for The mode of radon supplementation from radon source to radon box; when the solenoid valve is closed and the solenoid valve is opened at the same time, it is the mode for the radon source to discharge the accumulated radon.
采用外置微型流气式固体氡源，活度为5～20kBq；氡箱内氡浓度可以设定为800Bq/m3、1500Bq/m3和3000Bq/m3三个浓度点。The external micro flow-type solid radon source is adopted, and the activity is 5-20kBq; the radon concentration in the radon chamber can be set to three concentration points of 800Bq/m3 , 1500Bq/m3 and 3000Bq/m3 .
氡箱内氡浓度的调节和控制算法是通过控制电路板上的微处理器编程实现；按键用于对氡箱的氡浓度值进行设置操作，LCD显示屏用于显示校准器当前的氡浓度值和运行状态信息。The adjustment and control algorithm of the radon concentration in the radon chamber is realized by programming the microprocessor on the control circuit board; the buttons are used to set the radon concentration value of the radon chamber, and the LCD display is used to display the current radon concentration value of the calibrator and operating status information.
选择使用氮气对氡箱和固体氡源进行初始排空及运行后的排氡吹洗，能降低氡箱本底值，进一步提高氡浓度控制精度。Choosing to use nitrogen to initially evacuate the radon chamber and solid radon source and to purge the radon after operation can reduce the background value of the radon chamber and further improve the radon concentration control accuracy.
一种便携式测氡仪校准器，该校准器机箱采用铝合金等轻质材料为主加工，为一体化结构，氡箱体积为40～60升，整机体积小于0.5立方米，总量小于30公斤，便于外出作业时携带和运输。该校准器包括机箱、氡箱、搅拌风扇、取样孔、固体氡源、微型气泵、干燥过滤器、电磁阀、连接管路、控制电路板、LCD显示屏、按键和电源模块。其中氡箱、搅拌风扇和取样孔位于机箱的上部；固体氡源、微型气泵、干燥过滤器、电磁阀、控制电路板、LCD显示屏、按键和电源模块位于机箱的下部。该校准器内部采用连接管路依次连接了氡箱、电磁阀、干燥过滤器、固体氡源、微型气泵和电磁阀，构成了氡源气路。采用连接管路依次连接了氡箱、电磁阀、电磁阀和微型气泵，构成了氡箱排氡气路；搅拌风扇安装于氡箱内部，用于将氡箱内的氡气搅拌均匀；氡箱上设有取样孔，位于氡箱的中心位置，与氡箱连通，取样孔由2～4个常闭快接头构成；控制电路板通过线路连接所有电磁阀和微型气泵，控制每个电磁阀和微型气泵的开启和关闭；LCD显示屏和按键安装在控制电路板上，与电路板之间用数据线相连。机箱下部侧面开孔，将LCD显示屏和按键露出，便于对校准器进行操作；电源模块将交流市电转换为直流电，供给控制电路板。A portable calibrator for measuring radon. The casing of the calibrator is mainly processed by aluminum alloy and other light materials. It is an integrated structure. kg, easy to carry and transport when going out to work. The calibrator includes a case, a radon chamber, a stirring fan, a sampling hole, a solid radon source, a micro air pump, a dry filter, a solenoid valve, connecting pipelines, a control circuit board, an LCD display, buttons and a power supply module. The radon box, stirring fan and sampling hole are located on the upper part of the case; the solid radon source, micro air pump, dry filter, solenoid valve, control circuit board, LCD display, buttons and power module are located on the lower part of the case. The inside of the calibrator is sequentially connected with a radon box, a solenoid valve, a dry filter, a solid radon source, a micro air pump and a solenoid valve by connecting pipelines, forming a radon source gas circuit. The radon box, the solenoid valve, the solenoid valve and the micro-gas pump are connected in sequence by connecting pipelines to form the radon gas exhausting path of the radon box; the stirring fan is installed inside the radon box to stir the radon gas in the radon box evenly; There is a sampling hole on the top, which is located in the center of the radon box and communicates with the radon box. The sampling hole is composed of 2 to 4 normally closed quick connectors; the control circuit board is connected to all solenoid valves and micro air pumps through lines to control each solenoid valve and The opening and closing of the micro air pump; the LCD display screen and buttons are installed on the control circuit board, and are connected with the circuit board with data lines. The side of the lower part of the chassis has a hole to expose the LCD display and buttons, which is convenient for operating the calibrator; the power module converts the AC mains power into a DC power supply to the control circuit board.
通过电磁阀的切换操作，使氡源气路在对氡箱的补氡模式和氡源排出积累氡的排氡模式之间相互切换。具体为：当电磁阀10和13开启，同时电磁阀9和12关闭时，为氡源对氡箱补氡模式；当电磁阀10和13关闭，同时电磁阀9和12开启时，为氡源排出积累氡的模式。Through the switching operation of the electromagnetic valve, the radon source gas path is switched between the radon supplement mode for the radon box and the radon discharge mode for discharging accumulated radon from the radon source. Specifically: when the solenoid valves 10 and 13 are opened, and the solenoid valves 9 and 12 are closed at the same time, it is the radon source to the radon box radon supplement mode; when the solenoid valves 10 and 13 are closed, and the solenoid valves 9 and 12 are open at the same time, it is the radon source Exhaust the pattern of accumulated radon.
采用外置微型流气式固体氡源，活度为5～20kBq；氡箱内氡浓度可以设定为800Bq/m3、1500Bq/m3和3000Bq/m3三个浓度点。The external micro flow-type solid radon source is adopted, and the activity is 5-20kBq; the radon concentration in the radon chamber can be set to three concentration points of 800Bq/m3 , 1500Bq/m3 and 3000Bq/m3 .
氡箱内氡浓度控制和调节算法是通过控制电路板上的微处理器编程实现；按键用于对氡箱的氡浓度值进行设置操作，LCD显示屏用于显示校准器当前的氡浓度值和运行状态信息。The radon concentration control and adjustment algorithm in the radon chamber is realized by programming the microprocessor on the control circuit board; the buttons are used to set the radon concentration value of the radon chamber, and the LCD display is used to display the current radon concentration value and Running status information.
使用氮气对氡箱及固体氡源进行初始排空和运行后的排氡吹洗，能降低氡箱本底值，进一步提高氡浓度控制精度。The use of nitrogen to initially empty the radon chamber and solid radon source and to purge the radon after operation can reduce the background value of the radon chamber and further improve the radon concentration control accuracy.
氡箱采用气密结构，其内部氡浓度调节是通过电路板控制氡源和排氡气路进行切换，并采用开环式间歇补氡控制算法实现氡浓度的自动控制和调节。因此不需要外部的氡浓度监测仪器。采用外置微型流气式固体氡源，活度为5～20kBq；氡箱内氡浓度可以设定为800Bq/m3、1500Bq/m3和3000Bq/m3三个浓度点。氡浓度调节和控制算法通过控制电路板16上的微处理器编程实现；按键用于对氡箱氡浓度值进行设置操作，LCD显示屏用于显示校准器当前的氡浓度值和运行状态等信息。为进一步提高氡浓度控制准确度，在校准器进行补氡前，可使用氮气代替室内大气对氡箱和氡源进行初始排氡，以及运行后的排氡吹洗，以降低氡箱中的氡本底，进一步提高氡浓度控制精度。The radon box adopts an airtight structure, and the internal radon concentration is adjusted by switching between the radon source and the radon exhaust circuit through the circuit board, and the open-loop intermittent radon supplement control algorithm is used to realize the automatic control and adjustment of the radon concentration. Therefore no external radon concentration monitoring instrumentation is required. The external micro flow-type solid radon source is adopted, and the activity is 5-20kBq; the radon concentration in the radon chamber can be set to three concentration points of 800Bq/m3 , 1500Bq/m3 and 3000Bq/m3 . The radon concentration adjustment and control algorithm are realized by programming the microprocessor on the control circuit board 16; the buttons are used to set the radon concentration value of the radon box, and the LCD display is used to display information such as the current radon concentration value and operating status of the calibrator . In order to further improve the accuracy of radon concentration control, before the calibrator performs radon supplementation, nitrogen can be used instead of indoor air to carry out initial radon exhaustion on the radon chamber and radon source, and radon exhaustion after operation to reduce the radon in the radon chamber. Background, to further improve the radon concentration control accuracy.
本发明的优点：氡浓度采用微处理器实现开环式自动稳定控制，无需外接氡浓度监测仪器。该校准器体积小，重量轻，无需计算机等复杂控制装置，可将校准器携带至用户现场，广泛应用于地震预报、环境监测等领域使用的固定安装型测氡仪的现场校准。The invention has the advantages that the radon concentration adopts a microprocessor to realize the open-loop automatic stable control, and no external radon concentration monitoring instrument is needed. The calibrator is small in size, light in weight, and does not require complex control devices such as a computer. The calibrator can be carried to the user's site, and is widely used in field calibration of fixed-installation radon meters used in earthquake prediction, environmental monitoring and other fields.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1为本发明一种便携式测氡仪校准器结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a kind of portable radon meter calibrator structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种便携式测氡仪校准器实施外观图；Fig. 2 is the appearance diagram of a kind of portable radon meter calibrator implementation of the present invention;
图3为本发明一种便携式测氡仪校准器实例氡浓度控制流程图；Fig. 3 is a kind of portable radon meter calibrator example radon concentration control flowchart of the present invention;
图4为本发明一种便携式测氡仪校准器实例测试数据曲线图。Fig. 4 is a test data curve diagram of an example of a portable radon meter calibrator of the present invention.
图中：1、箱体；2、氡箱；3、搅拌风扇；4、取样孔；5、固体氡源；6、微型气泵1；7、微型气泵2；8、干燥过滤器；9～14、电磁阀1～6；15、连接管路；16、控制电路板；17、LCD显示屏；18、按键；19、电源模块。In the figure: 1. Box body; 2. Radon box; 3. Stirring fan; 4. Sampling hole; 5. Solid radon source; 6. Micro air pump 1; 7. Micro air pump 2; 8. Dry filter; 9～14 1. Solenoid valves 1-6; 15. Connecting pipelines; 16. Control circuit board; 17. LCD display screen; 18. Buttons; 19. Power supply module.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下实施案例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
本实施案例设计了一个完整的便携式测氡仪校准器。该校准器机箱外形轮廓是一个约为54(高)×42(宽)×42(厚)cm的箱形。氡箱位于校准器上部，内腔尺寸约为44(高)×38(宽)×38(厚)cm，容积约为63.5升。氡箱为气密结构，确保氡箱与外界无泄漏。校准器机箱下部为抽屉式控制机箱，机箱内含固体氡源、干燥过滤器、电磁阀、微型气泵、控制电路板、电源模块等部件。搅拌风扇安装于氡箱内部，用于将氡箱内氡气搅拌均匀；取样孔与氡箱连通，由4个常闭快接头构成，用于被检仪器从氡箱中取出氡气，并在测量完成后送回氡箱，构成密闭的气路循环；控制电路板安装在抽屉式控制机箱面板后面，通过线路连接所有电磁阀和微型气泵，控制每个电磁阀和微型气泵的开启和关闭；LCD显示屏、按键和电源开关安装于控制电路板上部，并在机箱面板上开窗和打孔露出，便于使用人员对校准器进行设置和操作；电源模块将交流市电转换为直流电，供给控制电路板。该校准器实例如图2所示。This implementation case designs a complete portable radon meter calibrator. The outline of the calibrator case is a box shape of about 54 (height) x 42 (width) x 42 (thickness) cm. The radon chamber is located on the upper part of the calibrator, the cavity size is about 44 (height) x 38 (width) x 38 (thickness) cm, and the volume is about 63.5 liters. The radon box is an airtight structure to ensure that there is no leakage between the radon box and the outside world. The lower part of the calibrator case is a drawer-type control case, which contains solid radon source, dry filter, solenoid valve, micro air pump, control circuit board, power module and other components. The stirring fan is installed inside the radon box to evenly stir the radon gas in the radon box; the sampling hole is connected with the radon box and consists of 4 normally closed quick connectors, which are used for the tested instrument to take out the radon gas from the radon box and After the measurement is completed, it is sent back to the radon box to form a closed air circulation; the control circuit board is installed behind the panel of the drawer control box, and is connected to all solenoid valves and micro-air pumps through lines to control the opening and closing of each solenoid valve and micro-air pump; The LCD display, keys and power switch are installed on the top of the control circuit board, and are exposed by opening windows and holes on the chassis panel, which is convenient for users to set and operate the calibrator; circuit board. An example of this calibrator is shown in Figure 2.
在控制机箱内，采用连接管路依次连接了氡箱、电磁阀、干燥过滤器、固体氡源、微型气泵等，构成了氡源气路，可对氡箱进行补氡或对固体氡源进行排空；采用连接管路依次连接了氡箱、电磁阀和微型气泵，构成了氡箱排氡气路，可在运行结束后排出氡箱内的氡气。In the control box, the radon box, solenoid valve, dry filter, solid radon source, micro air pump, etc. are connected in turn by connecting pipelines, forming a radon source gas path, which can be used to supplement radon for the radon box or for solid radon source. Empty: the radon box, solenoid valve and micro air pump are sequentially connected by connecting pipelines to form a radon exhaust circuit for the radon box, which can discharge the radon gas in the radon box after the operation is completed.
该校准器实例技术指标如下：The technical specifications of the calibrator instance are as follows:
a.氡箱容积：63.5L；a. Radon box volume: 63.5L;
b.氡浓度控制范围：800Bq/m3、1500Bq/m3和3000Bq/m3三个浓度点；b. Radon concentration control range: 800Bq/m3 , 1500Bq/m3 and 3000Bq/m3 three concentration points;
c.氡浓度准确性：≤10％；c. Accuracy of radon concentration: ≤10%;
d.氡浓度稳定性:±3％～±10％；d. Radon concentration stability: ±3%～±10%;
e.氡箱漏气率：≤0.5％。e. Leakage rate of radon box: ≤0.5%.
本校准器实例在对氡箱补氡的环节，采用的是间歇式补氡的方式。校准器有三个可选氡浓度，为800Bq/m3、1500Bq/m3、3000Bq/m3三种浓度值。在每个浓度点上对测氡仪的校准操作都是相同的流程。以800Bq/m3为例，在补氡开始前，用标准测氡仪对已经排氡的氡箱内的氡浓度本底值进行测定，测定10个值后取平均值作为氡箱的本底氡浓度，之后就可以开启校准器运行。打开打开校准器电源开关，通过按键选定浓度点800Bq/m3，然后输入刚才测得的本底氡浓度，按确认后开始补氡。若之前采用氮气代替室内大气对氡箱进行排氡操作，则可跳过本底测量操作。In the example of this calibrator, the method of supplementing radon in the radon chamber is adopted intermittently. The calibrator has three optional radon concentrations, which are 800Bq/m3 , 1500Bq/m3 , and 3000Bq/m3 three concentration values. The procedure for calibrating the radon meter is the same at each concentration point. Taking 800Bq/m3 as an example, before the start of radon supplementation, use a standard radon meter to measure the background value of the radon concentration in the radon chamber that has been discharged, and take the average value after measuring 10 values as the background value of the radon chamber radon concentration, the calibrator can then be turned on for operation. Turn on the power switch of the calibrator, select the concentration point 800Bq/m3 by pressing the button, then input the background radon concentration just measured, and start radon supplementation after pressing confirm. If nitrogen was used instead of indoor air to exhaust the radon chamber, the background measurement operation can be skipped.
补氡的流程分为三步。第一步为固体氡源排空，以排除氡源累积氡气。此时控制电路板会将固体氡源两端连接大气的电磁阀和气泵打开，将氡源内之前累积的氡排出。必须做这一步是因为固体氡源在密闭情况下会不断累积氡，将累积的氡排尽以保证后续补氡的准确性。第二步则是持续对氡箱进行补氡，氡源两端与氡箱连接的电磁阀开启(同时另两个与大气连接的电磁阀关闭)，对氡箱进行进行补氡，持续一定时间后氡箱内氡浓度达到800Bq/m3。第三步则为间歇补氡过程，根据数学模型计算当氡浓度达到误差上限值时停止补氡，并将气路切换为排氡源累积氡模式。而当氡箱氡浓度达到误差下限值时，则再次转换为补氡模式，当第三步运行的总时间达到3小时后，则氡箱内氡浓度达到基本平衡稳定状态，此后便可以对测氡仪进行校准。要达到更高的氡浓度值则直接从低浓度的基础上完成下一个完整的补氡流程即可。本校准器实例氡浓度控制流程如图3所示。The radon supplementation process is divided into three steps. The first step is to evacuate the solid radon source to remove the accumulated radon gas from the radon source. At this time, the control circuit board will open the electromagnetic valve and the air pump connecting the two ends of the solid radon source to the atmosphere, so as to discharge the previously accumulated radon in the radon source. This step must be done because the solid radon source will continue to accumulate radon in a closed environment, and the accumulated radon will be exhausted to ensure the accuracy of subsequent radon supplementation. The second step is to continue to supplement the radon box. The electromagnetic valve connected to the radon box at both ends of the radon source is opened (while the other two solenoid valves connected to the atmosphere are closed), and the radon box is supplemented for a certain period of time. The radon concentration in the rear radon chamber reaches 800Bq/m3 . The third step is the process of intermittent radon supplementation. According to the calculation of the mathematical model, when the radon concentration reaches the upper limit of the error, the radon supplementation will be stopped, and the gas path will be switched to the radon source accumulation radon mode. When the radon concentration in the radon box reaches the lower limit of the error, it will switch to the radon supplement mode again. When the total time of the third step of operation reaches 3 hours, the radon concentration in the radon box will reach a basic equilibrium and stable state. Calibrate the radon meter. To achieve a higher radon concentration value, the next complete radon supplementation process can be completed directly from the low concentration. The radon concentration control process of this calibrator example is shown in Figure 3.
本校准器实例在完成后进行了各项技术指标的试验测试。以氡箱内氡浓度准确性测试为例，该测试从19:40至次日8:30，使用标准测氡仪每隔20分钟监测一次氡箱内浓度值，氡浓度目标为1500Bq/m3模式下的测试数据曲线如图4所示。After the completion of this calibrator example, the experimental tests of various technical indicators were carried out. Take the radon concentration accuracy test in the radon chamber as an example, the test is from 19:40 to 8:30 the next day, using a standard radon meter to monitor the radon concentration in the chamber every 20 minutes, and the target radon concentration is 1500Bq/m3 The test data curve in the mode is shown in Figure 4.
该测试数据表明，在目标浓度1500Bq/m3模式下，氡箱内平均氡浓度为1533.3Bq/m3(平均浓度取的时间为第二天7:40～8:30)。误差值U2＝(C平均-C标准)/C标准，可得1500Bq/m3模式下误差为U2＝2.2％。The test data shows that in the target concentration mode of 1500Bq/m3 , the average radon concentration in the radon chamber is 1533.3Bq/m3 (the average concentration is taken from 7:40 to 8:30 the next day). Error value U2=(C average-C standard)/C standard, the error in the 1500Bq/m3 mode can be obtained as U2=2.2%.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510616416.0ACN105116433A (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2015-09-24 | Portable radon measuring instrument calibrator |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510616416.0ACN105116433A (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2015-09-24 | Portable radon measuring instrument calibrator |
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| CN105116433Atrue CN105116433A (en) | 2015-12-02 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510616416.0APendingCN105116433A (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2015-09-24 | Portable radon measuring instrument calibrator |
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