技术领域technical field
本发明涉及操作系统的安装和部署技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of installation and deployment of operating systems, in particular to a method and system for installing a PXE-based Linux operating system.
背景技术Background technique
当今，Linux是一套免费使用和自由传播的类Unix操作系统，是一个基于POSIX和UNIX的多用户、多任务、支持多线程和多CPU的操作系统。它能运行主要的UNIX工具软件、应用程序和网络协议。它支持32位和64位硬件。Linux继承了Unix以网络为核心的设计思想，是一个性能稳定的多用户网络操作系统。linux作为一种开源免费和自由传播的操作系统，基于其稳定而节省硬件资源的特点，被广泛应用。Today, Linux is a set of Unix-like operating systems that are free to use and spread freely. It is a multi-user, multi-tasking, multi-threading and multi-CPU operating system based on POSIX and UNIX. It can run major UNIX utility software, application programs and network protocols. It supports 32-bit and 64-bit hardware. Linux inherits Unix's network-centric design idea and is a multi-user network operating system with stable performance. As an open source, free and freely disseminated operating system, linux is widely used based on its stability and saving hardware resources.
众所周知，在使用linux操作系统之前，都需要对其进行安装。在现有的安装方法中，需要安装人员拿着系统安装盘或者安装镜像文件亲自手动进行安装。然而，在现实生活中，无论是安装人员无法亲自到现场进行安装的情况，还是需要安装操作系统的设备数量较多的情况，都会导致操作系统的安装工作费时费力、安装效率低。As we all know, before using the linux operating system, it needs to be installed. In the existing installation method, an installer is required to carry out the installation manually with a system installation disk or an installation image file. However, in real life, whether it is the situation that the installer cannot go to the site for installation in person, or the number of devices that need to install the operating system is large, the installation of the operating system will be time-consuming and laborious, and the installation efficiency will be low.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法及系统，以解决现有技术中操作系统的安装工作费时费力、安装效率低的技术问题。In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for installing a PXE-based linux operating system to solve the technical problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive installation of the operating system and low installation efficiency in the prior art.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法，包括：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a method for installing a PXE-based linux operating system, comprising:
将作为安装源文件的linux操作系统镜像文件挂载于服务端服务器；Mount the image file of the linux operating system as the installation source file on the server server;
设置所述服务端服务器的PXE网络引导选项，并通过编译所述服务端服务器的kickstart文件设定安装过程中的部署信息；Set the PXE network boot option of the server server, and set the deployment information in the installation process by compiling the kickstart file of the server server;
将所述linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器，并利用所述PXE网络引导选项和所述部署信息完成对所述客户端服务器的linux操作系统的安装；The linux operating system image file is downloaded to the client server, and the installation of the linux operating system to the client server is completed by using the PXE network boot option and the deployment information;
其中，所述部署信息至少包括安装分区信息和系统服务启动情况信息；所述客户端服务器包括至少一台服务器。Wherein, the deployment information includes at least installation partition information and system service startup information; the client server includes at least one server.
上述方法中，优选的，所述将所述linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器，包括：In the above method, preferably, downloading the linux operating system image file to the client server includes:
开启所述服务端服务器的tftp服务；Open the tftp service of the server server;
利用tftp协议将所述linux操作系统镜像文件下载至所述客户端服务器。Utilize the tftp protocol to download the image file of the linux operating system to the client server.
上述方法中，优选的，所述利用所述PXE网络引导选项和所述部署信息完成对所述客户端服务器的linux操作系统的安装，包括：In the above method, preferably, the installation of the linux operating system of the client server is completed by using the PXE network boot option and the deployment information, including:
强制所述客户端服务器从所述PXE网络引导选项中启动；forcing the client server to start from the PXE network boot option;
参照所述部署信息，在启动后的所述客户端服务器中自动安装配置linux操作系统。Referring to the deployment information, the linux operating system is automatically installed and configured in the client server after startup.
本发明还提供了一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装系统，包括：The present invention also provides a kind of installation system of the linux operating system based on PXE, comprising:
挂载模块，用于将作为安装源文件的linux操作系统镜像文件挂载于服务端服务器；The mounting module is used to mount the image file of the linux operating system as the installation source file on the server server;
设置模块，用于设置所述服务端服务器的PXE网络引导选项，并通过编译所述服务端服务器的kickstart文件设安装过程中的部署信息；The setting module is used to set the PXE network boot option of the server server, and set the deployment information in the installation process by compiling the kickstart file of the server server;
安装模块，用于将所述linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器，并利用所述PXE网络引导选项和所述部署信息完成对所述客户端服务器的linux操作系统的安装；An installation module is used to download the linux operating system image file to the client server, and utilize the PXE network boot option and the deployment information to complete the installation of the linux operating system of the client server;
其中，所述部署信息至少包括安装分区信息和系统服务启动情况信息；所述客户端服务器包括至少一台服务器。Wherein, the deployment information includes at least installation partition information and system service startup information; the client server includes at least one server.
上述系统中，优选的，所述安装模块包括：In the above system, preferably, the installation module includes:
服务开启子模块，用于开启所述服务端服务器的tftp服务；The service opening submodule is used to open the tftp service of the server server;
下载子模块，用于利用tftp协议将所述linux操作系统镜像文件下载至所述客户端服务器。The download submodule is used to download the image file of the linux operating system to the client server using the tftp protocol.
上述系统中，优选的，所述安装模块包括：In the above system, preferably, the installation module includes:
启动子模块，用于强制所述客户端服务器从所述PXE网络引导选项中启动；Start a submodule, which is used to force the client server to start from the PXE network boot option;
安装子模块，用于参照所述部署信息，在启动后的所述客户端服务器中自动安装配置linux操作系统。The installation submodule is used to refer to the deployment information to automatically install and configure the linux operating system in the client server after startup.
上述系统中，优选的，还包括：In the above system, preferably, it also includes:
与所述服务端服务器和所述客户端服务器均相连的网络交换机。A network switch connected to both the server server and the client server.
以上本发明提供的一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法及系统中，对于服务端服务器而言，首先挂载作为安装源文件的linux操作系统镜像文件，然后设置PXE网络引导选项，并通过编译服务端服务器的kickstart文件设定安装过程中的部署信息；对应的，对于客户端服务器而言，首先下载服务端服务器挂载的linux操作系统镜像文件，并利用上述PXE网络引导选项和部署信息完成对linux操作系统的安装；其中，所述部署信息至少包括安装分区信息和系统服务启动情况信息。本发明中，有效运用PXE技术，配置好服务端服务器，通过网络对客户端服务器进行linux操作系统的安装和部署，并不需要安装人员亲自到现场进行安装；并且，客户端服务器包括至少一台服务器，也就意味着，安装人员可以通过网络一次性对多台服务器进行linux操作系统的安装。基于此，本发明以上技术方案有效地解决了现有技术中操作系统的安装工作费时费力、安装效率低的技术问题。In the installation method and system of a kind of PXE-based linux operating system provided by the present invention above, for the server server, first mount the linux operating system image file as the installation source file, then set the PXE network boot option, and pass Compile the kickstart file of the server server to set the deployment information during the installation process; correspondingly, for the client server, first download the image file of the Linux operating system mounted on the server server, and use the above PXE network boot options and deployment information Complete the installation of the linux operating system; wherein, the deployment information includes at least installation partition information and system service startup information. In the present invention, the PXE technology is effectively used, the server server is configured, and the client server is installed and deployed through the network. The server means that the installer can install the linux operating system on multiple servers at one time through the network. Based on this, the above technical solution of the present invention effectively solves the technical problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive installation of the operating system and low installation efficiency in the prior art.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明实施例所提供的一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the installation method of a kind of PXE-based linux operating system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例所提供的一种服务端服务器与客户端服务器的网络拓扑图；FIG. 2 is a network topology diagram of a server server and a client server provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例所提供的一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装系统的结构框图示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural block diagram of a PXE-based Linux operating system installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的核心是提供一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法及系统，以解决现有技术中操作系统的安装工作费时费力、安装效率低的技术问题。The core of the present invention is to provide a PXE-based linux operating system installation method and system to solve the technical problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive installation of the operating system and low installation efficiency in the prior art.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
当今，PXE(prebootexecuteenvironment，预启动执行环境)是由Intel公司开发的最新技术，工作于Client/Server的网络模式，支持客户端通过网络从远端服务器下载映像文件，并由此支持通过网络启动操作系统，在启动过程中，客户端要求服务端分配IP地址，再用TFTP(trivialfiletransferprotocol)或MTFTP(multicasttrivialfiletransferprotocol)协议下载一个启动软件包到本机内存中执行，由这个启动软件包完成客户端基本软件设置，从而引导预先安装在客户端服务器中的操作系统。Today, PXE (prebootexecuteenvironment, pre-boot execution environment) is the latest technology developed by Intel Corporation. It works in the Client/Server network mode, supports the client to download the image file from the remote server through the network, and thus supports the boot operation through the network System, during the startup process, the client requests the server to assign an IP address, and then uses TFTP (trivial file transfer protocol) or MTFTP (multicast trivial file transfer protocol) protocol to download a startup software package to the local memory for execution, and the startup software package completes the basic software of the client settings to boot the operating system pre-installed on the client server.
参考图1和图2，图1示出了本发明实施例所提供的一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法的流程图，图2示出了本发明实施例所提供的一种服务端服务器与客户端服务器的网络拓扑图。Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for installing a PXE-based linux operating system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a server end provided by an embodiment of the present invention Network topology diagram of server and client server.
在图2中，客户端服务器B包含至少一台服务器，比如服务器B1、服务器B2，……，服务器BN，其中N≥1，图2中，N＝3。实际应用中客户端服务器的数量可根据实际情况进行设定，本发明在此不做严格限定。服务端端服务器A与千兆网络交换机C相连，同时，客户端服务器B中的一个或者多个服务器都连接到千兆网络交换机C。本实施例中，有效运用PXE技术，配置好服务端服务器，通过网络对客户端服务器进行linux操作系统的安装和部署，上述方法具体可以包括如下步骤：In FIG. 2, the client server B includes at least one server, such as server B1, server B2, ..., server BN, where N≥1, and in FIG. 2, N=3. The number of client servers in practical applications can be set according to actual conditions, which is not strictly limited in the present invention. The server server A is connected to the Gigabit network switch C, and at the same time, one or more servers in the client server B are connected to the Gigabit network switch C. In this embodiment, the PXE technology is effectively used, the server server is configured, and the linux operating system is installed and deployed on the client server through the network. The above method may specifically include the following steps:
步骤S100、将作为安装源文件的linux操作系统镜像文件挂载于服务端服务器；Step S100, mount the image file of the linux operating system as the installation source file on the server server;
步骤S101、设置服务端服务器的PXE网络引导选项，并通过编译服务端服务器的kickstart文件设定安装过程中的部署信息；Step S101, setting the PXE network boot option of the server server, and setting the deployment information during the installation process by compiling the kickstart file of the server server;
其中，部署信息至少包括安装分区信息和系统服务启动情况信息。实际上，上述部署信息仅仅是举个例子，本领域技术人员可根据实际需求进行设定，本发明在此不做严格限定。Wherein, the deployment information includes at least installation partition information and system service startup status information. In fact, the above deployment information is just an example, and those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs, and the present invention does not make a strict limitation here.
在实际应用中，步骤S100和步骤S101均是对服务端服务器进行配置，具体地，可以通过以下内容实现：In practical application, both step S100 and step S101 are to configure the server server, specifically, it can be realized through the following contents:
a.启动http服务，将linux操作系统iso镜像进行挂载，为客户端服务器提供安装源文件；a. Start the http service, mount the linux operating system iso image, and provide installation source files for the client server;
b.开启tftp服务，可以让客户端下载并传输安装源文件；b. Open the tftp service, allowing the client to download and transfer the installation source file;
c.启动dhcp服务，让client端自动获取ip；c. Start the dhcp service and let the client end automatically obtain the ip;
d.设置pxe网络引导选项，让client端自动获取ip后可以从pxe引导安装linux操作系统；d. Set the pxe network boot option, so that the client can automatically obtain the ip and install the linux operating system from pxe;
e.编译kickstart文件，设定系统安装过程中的各种部署信息，比如安装分区信息，系统服务启动情况等。e. Compile the kickstart file, and set various deployment information during the system installation process, such as installation partition information, system service startup status, etc.
步骤S102、将linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器，并利用PXE网络引导选项和部署信息完成对客户端服务器的linux操作系统的安装。Step S102 , download the image file of the linux operating system to the client server, and use the PXE network boot option and deployment information to complete the installation of the linux operating system on the client server.
在实际应用中，在步骤S100和步骤S101完成对服务端服务器的配置之后，可以通过网络进行client端linux操作系统安装和部署。In practical applications, after the configuration of the server server is completed in steps S100 and S101, the client-side linux operating system can be installed and deployed through the network.
综上，本发明中，通过网络对客户端服务器进行linux操作系统的安装和部署，并不需要安装人员亲自到现场进行安装；并且，客户端服务器包括至少一台服务器，也就意味着，安装人员可以通过网络一次性对多台服务器进行linux操作系统的安装。基于此，本发明以上技术方案有效地解决了现有技术中操作系统的安装工作费时费力、安装效率低的技术问题In summary, in the present invention, the installation and deployment of the linux operating system to the client server through the network does not require the installer to go to the site to install it in person; and the client server includes at least one server, which means that the installation Personnel can install the linux operating system on multiple servers at one time through the network. Based on this, the above technical solution of the present invention effectively solves the technical problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive installation of the operating system and low installation efficiency in the prior art
基于上述实施例所公开的技术方案，针对步骤S102，本发明另一实施例中，在步骤S100和步骤S101完成对服务端服务器的配置之后，进一步地，可以开启服务端服务器的tftp服务；然后利用tftp协议将linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器。Based on the technical solutions disclosed in the above embodiments, for step S102, in another embodiment of the present invention, after the configuration of the server server is completed in steps S100 and S101, further, the tftp service of the server server can be enabled; then Use the tftp protocol to download the image file of the linux operating system to the client server.
另外，对于步骤S102中对客户端服务器的linux操作系统的安装的具体过程，进一步地，首先，强制客户端服务器从PXE网络引导选项中启动；然后，参照部署信息，在启动后的客户端服务器中自动安装配置linux操作系统。In addition, for the specific process of installing the linux operating system of the client server in step S102, further, at first, the client server is forced to start from the PXE network boot option; then, referring to the deployment information, the client server after startup Automatically install and configure the linux operating system.
基于上述本发明实施例所公开的一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法，本发明实施例还提供了一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装系统，参考图3，该系统300可以包括如下内容：Based on the installation method of a PXE-based linux operating system disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a PXE-based installation system for a linux operating system. With reference to FIG. 3 , the system 300 may include the following content:
挂载模块301，用于将作为安装源文件的linux操作系统镜像文件挂载于服务端服务器；The mounting module 301 is used to mount the image file of the linux operating system as the installation source file on the server server;
设置模块302，用于设置服务端服务器的PXE网络引导选项，并通过编译服务端服务器的kickstart文件设安装过程中的部署信息；The setting module 302 is used to set the PXE network boot option of the server server, and set the deployment information in the installation process by compiling the kickstart file of the server server;
安装模块303，用于将linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器，并利用PXE网络引导选项和部署信息完成对客户端服务器的linux操作系统的安装；The installation module 303 is used to download the linux operating system image file to the client server, and utilizes the PXE network boot option and deployment information to complete the installation of the linux operating system of the client server;
其中，部署信息至少包括安装分区信息和系统服务启动情况信息；客户端服务器包括至少一台服务器。Wherein, the deployment information includes at least installation partition information and system service startup information; the client server includes at least one server.
本发明中，上述安装模块303可以包括：In the present invention, the above-mentioned installation module 303 may include:
服务开启子模块，用于开启服务端服务器的tftp服务；The service opening sub-module is used to open the tftp service of the server server;
下载子模块，用于利用tftp协议将linux操作系统镜像文件下载至客户端服务器。The download submodule is used to download the image file of the linux operating system to the client server by using the tftp protocol.
本发明中，上述安装模块303可以包括：In the present invention, the above-mentioned installation module 303 may include:
启动子模块，用于强制客户端服务器从PXE网络引导选项中启动；Boot submodule, used to force the client server to boot from the PXE network boot option;
安装子模块，用于参照部署信息，在启动后的客户端服务器中自动安装配置linux操作系统。The installation sub-module is used to automatically install and configure the linux operating system in the client server after startup by referring to the deployment information.
本发明中，上述系统300还可以包括与服务端服务器和客户端服务器均相连的网络交换机。In the present invention, the above system 300 may further include a network switch connected to both the server server and the client server.
需要说明的是，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。对于系统类实施例而言，由于其与方法实施例基本相似，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts in each embodiment, refer to each other, that is, Can. As for the system embodiment, because it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related parts, please refer to the part of the description of the method embodiment.
以上对本发明所提供的一种基于PXE的linux操作系统的安装方法及系统进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。A method and system for installing a PXE-based linux operating system provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| CN201510563242.6ACN105094929A (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | PXE based linux operating system installation method and system |
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| CN201510563242.6ACN105094929A (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | PXE based linux operating system installation method and system |
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| CN201510563242.6APendingCN105094929A (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | PXE based linux operating system installation method and system |
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