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CN105090774B - Lighting device - Google Patents

Lighting device
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Publication number
CN105090774B
CN105090774BCN201510176820.0ACN201510176820ACN105090774BCN 105090774 BCN105090774 BCN 105090774BCN 201510176820 ACN201510176820 ACN 201510176820ACN 105090774 BCN105090774 BCN 105090774B
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light source
light emitting
source units
lighting device
heat dissipation
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CN105090774A (en
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渡边健太
元家淳志
新井隆史
山田甲树
西垣和庆
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

照明装置具有配置成矩阵状的多个光源单元。多个光源单元分别具有:具有发光面的矩形平板状的发光部;以及散热部,设于发光部的与发光面相反一侧的面。沿与发光部的一边平行的行方向配置的光源单元的数量是沿与行方向正交的列方向配置的光源单元的数量以上。散热部具有沿与发光面正交的方向延伸的多个板状片。而且,多个板状片平行于列方向而并列设置。

The lighting device has a plurality of light source units arranged in a matrix. Each of the plurality of light source units includes: a rectangular flat light emitting portion having a light emitting surface; and a heat dissipation portion provided on a surface of the light emitting portion opposite to the light emitting surface. The number of light source units arranged in a row direction parallel to one side of the light emitting portion is greater than the number of light source units arranged in a column direction perpendicular to the row direction. The heat dissipation portion has a plurality of plate-shaped pieces extending in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. And a plurality of plate-like sheets are arranged in parallel to the column direction.

Description

Translated fromChinese
照明装置lighting device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种将发光二极管(以下称为LED)作为光源的照明装置。The present invention relates to a lighting device using a light emitting diode (hereinafter referred to as LED) as a light source.

背景技术Background technique

LED由于能够以较低的电力进行高亮度的发光,并且寿命较长,因此作为取代白炽灯、荧光灯的光源而被关注。作为以LED为光源的照明装置,已知如下照明装置,具备:矩形平板状的基座;以及多个光源单元,呈纵3×横3的矩阵状配置于该基座的一面(例如,参照日本特开2009-129859号公报)。各个光源单元具有隔着布线基板安装于基座的LED、以及以包围该LED的周围的方式设置的矩形框状的装饰罩。装饰罩在其外侧面具有与基座平行设置的多个散热片(板状片)。LEDs are attracting attention as light sources replacing incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps because they can emit light with high luminance with low power and have a long life. As an illuminating device using LED as a light source, there is known an illuminating device comprising: a rectangular plate-shaped base; Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-129859). Each light source unit has an LED mounted on a base via a wiring board, and a rectangular frame-shaped decorative cover provided to surround the LED. The decorative cover has a plurality of cooling fins (plate-shaped fins) arranged parallel to the base on its outer surface.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明提供一种散热性较好的照明装置。本发明的照明装置具有配置成矩阵状的多个光源单元。多个光源单元分别具有:具有发光面的矩形平板状的发光部;以及散热部,设于发光部的与发光面相反一侧的面。沿与发光部的一边平行的行方向配置的光源单元的数量是沿与行方向正交的列方向配置的光源单元的数量以上。散热部具有沿与发光面正交的方向延伸的多个板状片。而且,多个板状片平行于列方向而并列设置。The invention provides a lighting device with better heat dissipation. The lighting device of the present invention has a plurality of light source units arranged in a matrix. Each of the plurality of light source units includes: a rectangular flat light emitting unit having a light emitting surface; and a heat dissipation unit provided on a surface of the light emitting unit opposite to the light emitting surface. The number of light source units arranged in a row direction parallel to one side of the light emitting portion is greater than the number of light source units arranged in a column direction perpendicular to the row direction. The heat dissipation portion has a plurality of plate-shaped pieces extending in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. And a plurality of plate-like sheets are arranged in parallel to the column direction.

如果将具有该结构的照明装置以列方向与铅垂方向一致的方式设置,则沿水平方向(行方向)配置的光源单元的数量为沿铅垂方向配置的光源单元的数量以上。另外,板状片与铅垂方向平行。因此,伴随着光源单元的发光而产生的热容易随着上升气流向照明装置的铅垂上方排出。即,散热性提高。If the lighting device with this configuration is installed so that the column direction coincides with the vertical direction, the number of light source units arranged in the horizontal direction (row direction) is greater than the number of light source units arranged in the vertical direction. In addition, the plate-like sheet is parallel to the vertical direction. Therefore, the heat generated accompanying the light emission of the light source unit is easily discharged vertically upward of the lighting device along with the updraft. That is, heat dissipation is improved.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是从发光面侧观察本发明的实施方式的照明装置的立体图。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the lighting device according to the embodiment of the present invention viewed from the light emitting surface side.

图2是从散热部侧观察图1所示的照明装置的立体图。Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the illuminating device shown in Fig. 1 viewed from the heat dissipation unit side.

图3A是从与发光面对置的方向观察图1所示的照明装置的平面图。Fig. 3A is a plan view of the lighting device shown in Fig. 1 viewed from a direction facing the light-emitting surface.

图3B是从与散热部对置的方向观察图1所示的照明装置的平面图。Fig. 3B is a plan view of the lighting device shown in Fig. 1 viewed from a direction facing the heat dissipation portion.

图3C是图1所示的照明装置的侧视图。Fig. 3C is a side view of the lighting device shown in Fig. 1 .

图4A是图3B的4A-4A线的剖视图。FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4A- 4A of FIG. 3B .

图4B是图3B的4B-4B线的剖视图。FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4B- 4B in FIG. 3B .

图5A~图5C是表示图1所示的照明装置的周围的空气的流动的图。5A to 5C are diagrams showing the flow of air around the lighting device shown in FIG. 1 .

图6A~图6C是表示在相邻的光源单元间未设置间隙的照明装置的周围的空气的流动的图。6A to 6C are diagrams showing the flow of air around the lighting device in which no gap is provided between adjacent light source units.

具体实施方式detailed description

在说明本发明的实施方式之前,说明现有的照明装置中的问题。在上述那种照明装置中,例如若将基座面以平行于铅垂方向的方式配置,则伴随着LED的发光而产生的热难以向装置的铅垂上方排出。即,有时散热性降低。若散热性降低,则存在照明装置被过度加热、导致热失控引起的照明装置的误动作、故障的隐患。Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, problems in conventional lighting devices will be described. In the lighting device as described above, for example, if the base surface is arranged parallel to the vertical direction, heat generated due to light emission of the LED is difficult to be discharged vertically upward of the device. That is, the heat dissipation may be lowered. If the heat dissipation performance is lowered, there is a possibility that the lighting device may be overheated, causing malfunction or failure of the lighting device due to thermal runaway.

以下,一边参照附图一边说明本发明的实施方式的照明装置。本实施方式的照明装置例如能够用作对运动场、田地等投射光的发光器。Hereinafter, a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The lighting device of the present embodiment can be used, for example, as a light emitter that projects light onto a sports field, a field, or the like.

图1是从发光面侧观察本实施方式的照明装置的立体图,图2是从散热部侧观察图1所示的照明装置的立体图。照明装置1具有多个光源单元2、以及一体地保持多个光源单元2的保持框3。多个光源单元2分别具有矩形平板状的发光部4和散热部5。如图1所示,发光部4具有发光面2A。散热部5设于发光部4的与发光面2A相反的一侧的面,将伴随着发光部4的发光而产生的热向外部散热。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the lighting device according to the present embodiment viewed from the light emitting surface side, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the lighting device shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the heat dissipation portion side. The lighting device 1 has a plurality of light source units 2 and a holding frame 3 that integrally holds the plurality of light source units 2 . Each of the plurality of light source units 2 has a rectangular flat light emitting portion 4 and a heat dissipation portion 5 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the light emitting unit 4 has a light emitting surface 2A. The heat dissipation unit 5 is provided on the surface of the light emitting unit 4 opposite to the light emitting surface 2A, and dissipates heat generated when the light emitting unit 4 emits light to the outside.

多个光源单元2配置成矩阵状。沿与发光部4的一边平行的行方向L(在图1、图2中是横方向)配置的光源单元2的数量是沿与行方向L正交的列方向C(在图1、图2中是纵向)配置的光源单元2的数量以上。图1、图2示出沿行方向L配置有三个光源单元2、沿列方向C配置有两个光源单元2的3×2的矩阵状的例子。在列方向C上相邻的光源单元2之间设有间隙G。行方向L上相邻的光源单元2彼此接近地配置。The plurality of light source units 2 are arranged in a matrix. The number of light source units 2 arranged along the row direction L (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ) parallel to one side of the light emitting part 4 is along the column direction C (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ) orthogonal to the row direction L. (middle is the number of light source units 2 arranged vertically). 1 and 2 show an example of a 3×2 matrix in which three light source units 2 are arranged in the row direction L and two light source units 2 are arranged in the column direction C. A gap G is provided between adjacent light source units 2 in the column direction C. As shown in FIG. The light source units 2 adjacent in the row direction L are arranged close to each other.

如图1所示,发光部4具有平行于发光面2A而设置的布线基板41、安装于布线基板41的多个LED42、以及覆盖LED42而进行保护的罩43。LED42例如具有出射蓝色光的蓝色LED芯片、密封该蓝色LED芯片的密封部件、以及将分散在该密封材料中的蓝色光转换为黄色光的荧光体。这些蓝色光与黄色光相互混合,使得LED42出射白色光。罩43由供从LED42出射的白色光透过的透光性材料构成。即,罩43例如由透明丙烯酸树脂、透明聚碳酸酯树脂或者透明玻璃构成。As shown in FIG. 1 , the light emitting unit 4 has a wiring board 41 provided parallel to the light emitting surface 2A, a plurality of LEDs 42 mounted on the wiring board 41 , and a cover 43 covering and protecting the LEDs 42 . The LED 42 includes, for example, a blue LED chip that emits blue light, a sealing member that seals the blue LED chip, and a phosphor that converts the blue light dispersed in the sealing material into yellow light. These blue light and yellow light are mutually mixed, and LED42 emits white light. The cover 43 is made of a translucent material through which the white light emitted from the LED 42 passes. That is, the cover 43 is made of, for example, transparent acrylic resin, transparent polycarbonate resin, or transparent glass.

散热部5具有沿与发光面2A正交的方向延伸的多个板状片51。多个板状片51平行于列方向C地并列设置。板状片51由导热率以及刚性较高的材料例如铝或铜构成。The heat dissipation unit 5 has a plurality of plate-shaped pieces 51 extending in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface 2A. The plurality of plate-shaped sheets 51 are arranged in parallel to the column direction C. As shown in FIG. The plate sheet 51 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity and rigidity, such as aluminum or copper.

接下来,一边参照图3A~图3C一边进一步详细地说明照明装置1的结构。图3A是从与发光面2A对置的方向观察图1所示的照明装置1的平面图。图3B是从与散热部5对置的方向观察照明装置1的平面图。图3C是照明装置1的侧视图。Next, the configuration of the lighting device 1 will be described in further detail with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C . FIG. 3A is a plan view of the lighting device 1 shown in FIG. 1 viewed from a direction facing the light emitting surface 2A. FIG. 3B is a plan view of the illuminating device 1 viewed from a direction facing the heat dissipation portion 5 . FIG. 3C is a side view of the lighting device 1 .

照明装置1还具有支承体6和电源单元7。支承体6借助保持框3的行方向L上的两端部31、32将保持框3支承为能够转动。更详细地说,如图3A所示,支承体6将保持框3支承为能够以将两端部31、32连结的线作为转动轴Ax而转动。因此,能够以转动轴Ax为中心使保持框3以及光源单元2向规定的朝向转动。The lighting device 1 also has a carrier 6 and a power supply unit 7 . The support body 6 rotatably supports the holding frame 3 via both end portions 31 and 32 in the row direction L of the holding frame 3 . More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A , the support body 6 supports the holding frame 3 so as to be rotatable about a line connecting both end portions 31 and 32 as a rotation axis Ax. Therefore, the holding frame 3 and the light source unit 2 can be rotated in a predetermined direction around the rotation axis Ax.

电源单元7向各个光源单元2供电。电源单元7以封堵间隙G的方式在配置有散热部5的面上配置,并经由电缆71而与各个光源单元2电连接。电源单元7连接于商用电源(未图示),并内置有控制从该商用电源向LED42的供电的点亮电路(未图示)。The power supply unit 7 supplies power to each light source unit 2 . The power supply unit 7 is disposed on the surface on which the heat dissipation unit 5 is disposed so as to close the gap G, and is electrically connected to each light source unit 2 via a cable 71 . The power supply unit 7 is connected to a commercial power supply (not shown), and incorporates a lighting circuit (not shown) for controlling power supply to the LED 42 from the commercial power supply.

图4A、图4B分别是图3B的4A-4A线的剖视图、以及4B-4B线的剖视图。如图4A所示,板状片51在列方向C上的长度L1优选的是与发光部4在列方向C上的长度L2相等。这样,通过增大板状片51的表面积,能够提高板状片51的散热性。另外,如图4B所示,板状片51未设于发光部4在行方向L上的两端部44、45。换言之,板状片51设于发光部4的除了行方向L上的两端部44、45之外的位置。这样,在发光部4在行方向L上的彼此之间的边界,板状片51彼此不会接近。因此,能够防止因板状片51彼此接近导致的散热性的降低。4A and 4B are a cross-sectional view taken along line 4A-4A in FIG. 3B and a cross-sectional view taken along line 4B-4B, respectively. As shown in FIG. 4A , the length L1 of the plate sheet 51 in the column direction C is preferably equal to the length L2 of the light emitting section 4 in the column direction C. Thus, by increasing the surface area of the plate-shaped sheet 51, the heat dissipation of the plate-shaped sheet 51 can be improved. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4B , the plate-shaped sheet 51 is not provided at both end portions 44 and 45 of the light emitting portion 4 in the row direction L. As shown in FIG. In other words, the plate-like piece 51 is provided at positions other than both end portions 44 and 45 in the row direction L of the light emitting portion 4 . In this way, the plate-like pieces 51 do not come close to each other at the boundary between the light emitting sections 4 in the row direction L. FIG. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a reduction in heat dissipation due to the proximity of the plate-shaped pieces 51 to each other.

若以列方向C与铅垂方向一致的方式设置如上述那样构成的照明装置1,则沿水平方向(行方向L)配置的光源单元的数量多于沿铅垂方向配置的光源单元2的数量。在图1所示的例子中,沿铅垂方向配置的光源单元2的数量为两个,沿水平方向(行方向L)配置的光源单元的数量为三个。If the lighting device 1 configured as above is installed so that the column direction C coincides with the vertical direction, the number of light source units arranged in the horizontal direction (row direction L) is greater than the number of light source units 2 arranged in the vertical direction. . In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the number of light source units 2 arranged in the vertical direction is two, and the number of light source units arranged in the horizontal direction (row direction L) is three.

另外,在各个光源单元2中,平行于铅垂方向地设有板状片51。因此,伴随着光源单元2的发光而产生的热容易随着上升气流向照明装置1的铅垂上方排出。因此,散热性较高。由此,能够防止照明装置1的过度的加热,防止因热失控导致的照明装置1的误动作、故障。这种效果在构成照明装置1的光源单元2的数量较多进而散热性降低的情况下、或者在伴随着光源单元2的发光容易引发温度上升的发光器这种高输出装置中尤其重要。In addition, in each light source unit 2 , a plate-like piece 51 is provided parallel to the vertical direction. Therefore, the heat generated accompanying the light emission of the light source unit 2 is easily discharged vertically upward of the lighting device 1 along with the updraft. Therefore, heat dissipation is high. Thereby, excessive heating of the lighting device 1 can be prevented, and malfunction and failure of the lighting device 1 due to thermal runaway can be prevented. This effect is particularly important when the number of light source units 2 constituting the lighting device 1 is large and the heat dissipation performance is low, or in a high-output device such as a light emitter whose temperature rises easily due to light emission of the light source units 2 .

图5A~图5C分别表示以使空心箭头所示的来自光源单元2的光向铅垂斜下方、铅垂下方以及铅垂上方照射的方式配置照明装置1的情况下的、照明装置1的周围的空气的流动。在照明装置1中,在列方向C上的相邻的光源单元2之间设有间隙G。因此,虚线箭头所示的空气的流动通过间隙G向照明装置1的铅垂上方排出,散热部5的热被高效地散热到大气中。5A to 5C respectively show the surroundings of the lighting device 1 when the lighting device 1 is arranged so that the light from the light source unit 2 indicated by the hollow arrows is irradiated vertically obliquely downward, vertically downward, and vertically upward. flow of air. In the lighting device 1 , a gap G is provided between adjacent light source units 2 in the column direction C. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the flow of air indicated by the dotted line arrow is exhausted vertically above the lighting device 1 through the gap G, and the heat of the heat dissipation part 5 is efficiently dissipated into the atmosphere.

另外,在图5A、图5B所示的配置中,包含来自散热部5的热的上升气流能够到达电源单元7。然而,由于以电源单元7封堵间隙G的方式配置,因此电源单元7被穿过间隙G流过来的冷空气冷却。因此,电源单元7难以受到来自散热部5(光源单元2)的热的影响。另一方面,在图5C所示的配置中,包含来自电源单元7的热的上升气流能够到达光源单元2。然而,这种上升气流穿过间隙G向照明装置1的铅垂上方排出。因此,光源单元2难以受到来自电源单元7的热的影响。In addition, in the arrangement shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B , the updraft including heat from the heat dissipation portion 5 can reach the power supply unit 7 . However, since the power supply unit 7 is configured to close the gap G, the power supply unit 7 is cooled by the cool air flowing through the gap G. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the power supply unit 7 is less likely to be affected by heat from the heat dissipation portion 5 (light source unit 2 ). On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIG. 5C , an updraft containing heat from the power supply unit 7 can reach the light source unit 2 . However, this updraft passes through the gap G and is discharged vertically above the lighting device 1 . Therefore, the light source unit 2 is hardly affected by heat from the power supply unit 7 .

与此相对,一边参照图6A~图6C一边说明未设置间隙G的照明装置的情况。图6A~图6C是表示在相邻的光源单元间未设置间隙的照明装置的周围的空气的流动的图。On the other hand, the case of the lighting device in which the gap G is not provided will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6C . 6A to 6C are diagrams showing the flow of air around the lighting device in which no gap is provided between adjacent light source units.

在这种照明装置中,由于空气不能穿过光源单元2之间而排出,因此在包含由单点划线包围表示的光源单元2彼此的边界的区域中容易聚热。另外,在图6A、图6B所示的配置中,由于包含来自散热部5的热的上升气流能够到达电源单元7,因此电源单元7容易受到来自散热部5(光源单元2)的热的影响。另一方面,在图6C所示的配置中,由于包含来自电源单元7的热的上升气流能够到达光源单元2,因此光源单元2容易受到来自电源单元7的热的影响。In such a lighting device, since the air cannot pass through between the light source units 2 and be exhausted, heat tends to accumulate in the region including the boundary between the light source units 2 indicated by the dashed-dotted line. In addition, in the arrangement shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B , since the updraft containing heat from the heat dissipation portion 5 can reach the power supply unit 7, the power supply unit 7 is easily affected by the heat from the heat dissipation portion 5 (light source unit 2). . On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIG. 6C , since an updraft containing heat from the power supply unit 7 can reach the light source unit 2 , the light source unit 2 is easily affected by heat from the power supply unit 7 .

如以上那样,优选的是多个光源单元2沿列方向C配置有多个,且在多个光源单元2中的在列方向C上相邻的两个光源单元2之间设有间隙G。As described above, it is preferable that a plurality of light source units 2 are arranged along the column direction C, and that a gap G is provided between two adjacent light source units 2 in the column direction C among the plurality of light source units 2 .

此外,对于实施方式中的构成要素中表示本发明的最上位概念的独立权利要求中所没有记载的构成要素,作为任意的构成要素来说明。另外,本发明的照明装置并不限定于上述实施方式,而是能够进行各种变形。例如,也可以是在行方向上具有无间隙并列的板状片的结构。另外,光源单元的配置并不限定于上述3×2的矩阵状,例如也可以是4×3、10×4的矩阵状。另外,光源单元优选的是以沿行方向配置的数量比沿列方向配置的数量多的方式构成,但也可以以沿行方向配置的数量与沿列方向配置的数量相等的方式构成。另外,也可以构成为,利用出射互不相同的颜色的光的多种LED来构成LED,并对各种LED进行独立的调光控制,从而能够调整照射光的颜色、色温。而且,光源单元的光源并非必须限定于LED,例如也可以利用高压钠灯、氙灯等的HID灯、白色荧光灯或者白炽灯构成。In addition, among the constituent elements in the embodiment, the constituent elements not described in the independent claims representing the highest concept of the present invention are described as arbitrary constituent elements. In addition, the illuminating device of this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Various deformation|transformation is possible. For example, it may have a structure in which plate-like sheets are arranged without gaps in the row direction. In addition, the arrangement of the light source units is not limited to the aforementioned 3×2 matrix, and may be, for example, a 4×3 or 10×4 matrix. In addition, the number of light source units arranged in the row direction is preferably greater than the number arranged in the column direction, but the number arranged in the row direction may be equal to the number arranged in the column direction. In addition, LEDs may be constituted by multiple types of LEDs that emit light of different colors, and the color and color temperature of irradiated light may be adjusted by performing independent dimming control on each LED. In addition, the light source of the light source unit is not necessarily limited to LEDs, and may be constituted by, for example, HID lamps such as high-pressure sodium lamps and xenon lamps, white fluorescent lamps, or incandescent lamps.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese
1.一种照明装置,具备配置成矩阵状的多个光源单元、以及电源单元,其特征在于,1. A lighting device comprising a plurality of light source units arranged in a matrix and a power supply unit, characterized in that所述多个光源单元分别具有:具有发光面的矩形平板状的发光部;以及散热部,设于所述发光部的与所述发光面相反一侧的面;Each of the plurality of light source units includes: a rectangular flat light emitting portion having a light emitting surface; and a heat dissipation portion provided on a surface of the light emitting portion opposite to the light emitting surface;沿与所述发光部的一边平行的行方向配置的所述光源单元的数量,是沿与所述行方向正交的列方向配置的所述光源单元的数量以上,The number of the light source units arranged in a row direction parallel to one side of the light emitting part is greater than or equal to the number of the light source units arranged in a column direction orthogonal to the row direction,所述散热部具有沿与所述发光面正交的方向延伸的多个板状片,The heat dissipation part has a plurality of plate-shaped pieces extending in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface,所述多个板状片平行于所述列方向而并列设置,The plurality of plate-shaped sheets are arranged side by side parallel to the column direction,所述多个光源单元沿所述列方向配置有多个,A plurality of the plurality of light source units are arranged along the column direction,在所述多个光源单元中的、在所述列方向上相邻的两个光源单元之间设有间隙,所述电源单元以在配置有所述散热部的面上封堵所述间隙的方式安装于所述多个板状片。Among the plurality of light source units, a gap is provided between two adjacent light source units in the column direction, and the power supply unit closes the gap on the surface on which the heat dissipation portion is arranged. installed on the plurality of plate-like sheets.2.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,2. The lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that,所述板状片在所述列方向上的长度与所述发光部在所述列方向上的长度相等。The length of the plate-shaped piece in the row direction is equal to the length of the light emitting part in the row direction.3.根据权利要求1或2所述的照明装置,其特征在于,3. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,所述板状片设于所述发光部的除所述行方向的两端部之外的位置。The plate-like piece is provided at positions other than both end portions in the row direction of the light emitting portion.
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