技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种双侧型枢椎螺钉导航模板。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a navigation template for bilateral pivotal vertebral screws.
背景技术Background technique
枕颈部是指由枕骨大孔区、寰椎和枢椎构成的解剖区域，包括延髓、延颈髓交界部以及上颈髓等重要的中枢神经，该区域的解剖结构复杂、毗邻重要、外科干预难度大，其治疗是脊柱外科的难点之一。枕颈固定术于1927年由Foerster首次报道，后来这种手术一直被认为是治疗枕颈部和上颈椎先天性畸形、外伤性骨折脱位和其他疾患所致的枕颈部或上颈椎不稳的有效方法。目前颈枕部内固定系统包括枕骨螺钉及钢板、枢椎螺钉、颈枕部连接棒。其中因为枢椎椎弓根比邻脊髓及椎动脉，置钉风险大，因此一直是临床是较为棘手的技术问题。The occipital neck refers to the anatomical region composed of the foramen magnum, atlas and axis, including important central nerves such as the medulla oblongata, the junction of the cervical medulla and the upper cervical cord. The anatomical structure of this region is complex, adjacent to important, surgical Intervention is difficult, and its treatment is one of the difficulties in spinal surgery. Occipitocervical fixation was first reported by Foerster in 1927. Later, this operation has been considered to be the treatment of occipital and upper cervical spine instability caused by congenital deformities of the occipital and upper cervical spine, traumatic fracture dislocation, and other diseases. Useful ways. The current cervical and occipital internal fixation system includes occipital screws and plates, pivot screws, and cervical and occipital connecting rods. Among them, because the pedicle of the axis is adjacent to the spinal cord and vertebral artery, the risk of screw placement is high, so it has always been a difficult technical problem in clinical practice.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决以上技术问题，本发明提供一种双侧型枢椎螺钉导航模板，结构简单、操作方便、成本低，便捷、高效精确定位，降低手术难度，缩短手术时间，保证手术效果。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a bilateral axis screw navigation template, which is simple in structure, easy to operate, low in cost, convenient, efficient and accurate positioning, reduces the difficulty of surgery, shortens the operation time, and ensures the effect of the operation.
解决以上技术问题的本发明中的一种双侧型枢椎螺钉导航模板，包括双侧型枢椎椎弓根螺钉导航模板本体，其特征在于：所述导航模板设有定位机构、螺钉导向定位孔和连接机构，定位机构设有椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构，椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构相连成一体，应用于枢椎上，其形态分别与术前模拟所需枢椎的椎板和侧块完全贴合；螺钉导向定位孔与侧块定位机构相连；连接机构两端分别与定位机构相连，将两侧的定位机构连接成一体。A kind of bilateral axis screw navigation template in the present invention that solves the above technical problems includes a bilateral axis pedicle screw navigation template body, and is characterized in that: the navigation template is provided with a positioning mechanism, a screw guide positioning hole and connection mechanism, the positioning mechanism is equipped with a laminar positioning mechanism and a side mass positioning mechanism, the lamina positioning mechanism and the side mass positioning mechanism are connected as a whole, and are applied to the axis vertebrae. The lamina and the side block are fully attached; the screw guide positioning hole is connected with the side block positioning mechanism;
本发明中定位机构用来定位枢椎椎弓根螺钉进钉点，决定螺钉进钉点的位置；螺钉导向定位孔决定螺钉进钉方向。In the present invention, the positioning mechanism is used to locate the screw entry point of the pedicle of the axis, and determine the position of the screw entry point; the screw guiding positioning hole determines the screw entry direction.
所述导航模板中连接机构为横连机构，设有横联和横联杆，横联杆一端与横连相连，另一端与定位机构相连。横连结构连接双侧的定位机构，使其成为一个整体；并且手术时可以手持指压，起到辅助固定的作用利用它进行，便于术中固定。The connecting mechanism in the navigation template is a horizontal connecting mechanism, which is provided with a horizontal connecting rod and a horizontal connecting rod. One end of the horizontal connecting rod is connected with the horizontal connecting rod, and the other end is connected with the positioning mechanism. The horizontal connection structure connects the positioning mechanisms on both sides to make it a whole; and during the operation, finger pressure can be held by hand to play the role of auxiliary fixation, and it is convenient for intraoperative fixation.
所述横连上设有指压块，方便操作和在术中手指用力和指压。A finger pressing block is arranged on the horizontal connection, which is convenient for operation and finger force and finger pressure during the operation.
本发明中通过导航模板的横连结构，可以剥离更少的软组织，便于导航模板的安放，提高准确度。In the present invention, through the horizontal connection structure of the navigation template, less soft tissue can be stripped, which facilitates the placement of the navigation template and improves the accuracy.
所述横连与横联杆夹角≥90° 。The angle between the horizontal link and the horizontal link is ≥90°.
所述导航模板中定位机构还设有定位机构延长杆，定位机构延长杆一端与定位机构或/和固定螺钉导向定位孔相连，另一端与横联杆连接。定位机构延长杆为定位方向的辅助机构，控制螺钉进钉方向，更好的定位。The positioning mechanism in the navigation template is also provided with a positioning mechanism extension rod, one end of the positioning mechanism extension rod is connected with the positioning mechanism or/and the fixing screw guiding positioning hole, and the other end is connected with the cross-link. The positioning mechanism extension rod is an auxiliary mechanism for the positioning direction, which controls the direction of the screw entering the nail and better positioning.
所述定位机构延长杆与横连杆的连接方式为套接。The connection mode between the extension rod of the positioning mechanism and the horizontal connecting rod is socket.
横连结构中横连和横连杆可以为标准部件，每个个体化设计的时候，这部分是不变的，便于设计，提高效率，在模板设计中变化的是延长杆和导航定位机构。In the horizontal connection structure, the horizontal connection and the horizontal connecting rod can be standard components. During each individual design, this part remains unchanged, which is convenient for design and improves efficiency. What changes in the formwork design is the extension rod and the navigation positioning mechanism.
所述连接机构高度＞枢椎棘突高度。The height of the connecting mechanism is greater than the height of the spinous process of the axis.
本发明在数字化设计和临床操作上，对实施人员技术要求低，有基本电脑基础知识和整形外科技能的医务人员即可实施；对患者来说，仅仅需要一次CBCT检查而不必做高辐射的螺旋CT检查；如果医疗机构拥有桌面快速成型设备即可自行设计并加工导板，免去了第三方公司的数字化设计费用和费时的运输过程。整个棒板成型的过程只需3-5小时，而且成本低廉，操作便捷且精度高，极大的推进了此项技术的临床应用。In terms of digital design and clinical operation, the present invention has low technical requirements for implementers, and medical personnel with basic computer knowledge and plastic surgery skills can implement it; for patients, only one CBCT examination is needed without high-radiation spiral CT inspection; if the medical institution has desktop rapid prototyping equipment, it can design and process the guide plate by itself, eliminating the digital design cost and time-consuming transportation process of third-party companies. The whole rod-plate forming process only takes 3-5 hours, and the cost is low, the operation is convenient and the precision is high, which greatly promotes the clinical application of this technology.
本发明中的导航模板适用于适用于颅底凹陷，环枢椎骨折等多种情况中的手术。The navigation template in the present invention is suitable for operations in various situations such as skull base depression and circumaxial fracture.
手术医师无需接受特殊训练即可使用，手术中明显减少软组织的剥离（特别是棘突部分）和出血，术中可以快速、准确的安置枢椎螺钉，也提高了安全性，降低了手术成本。Surgeons can use it without special training, and the stripping of soft tissue (especially the spinous process) and bleeding can be significantly reduced during the operation. Axis screws can be placed quickly and accurately during the operation, which also improves safety and reduces operation costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明中的导航模板结构示意图Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a navigation template in the present invention
图2为本发明中导航模板与枢椎结合在一起的结构示意图Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of the combination of the navigation template and the axis in the present invention
图3为本发明中为本发明中横连结构与定位机构延长杆的结构示意图Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the horizontal connection structure and the positioning mechanism extension rod in the present invention
其中，图中序号具体为：1. 定位机构，2. 螺钉导向定位孔，3. 椎板定位机构，4.侧块定位机构， 5. 横连，6. 横联杆，7. 定位机构延长杆，8. 连接机构,9. 指压块,10.枢椎棘突Among them, the serial numbers in the figure are: 1. Positioning mechanism, 2. Screw guide positioning hole, 3. Lamina positioning mechanism, 4. Side block positioning mechanism, 5. Horizontal connection, 6. Cross-link rod, 7. Positioning mechanism extension Rod, 8. Connection mechanism, 9. Finger press block, 10. Axis spinous process
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例1Example 1
一种双侧型枢椎椎弓根螺钉导航模板，设有导航模板设有定位机构、螺钉导向定位孔和连接机构，定位机构设有椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构，椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构相连成一体，应用于枢椎上，其形态分别与术前模拟所需枢椎的椎板和侧块完全贴合；螺钉导向定位孔与侧块定位机构相连；连接机构两端分别与定位机构相连，将两侧的定位机构连接成一体；连接机构高度＞枢椎棘突高度。A bilateral axial pedicle screw navigation template, which is provided with a positioning mechanism, a screw guide positioning hole and a connecting mechanism, the positioning mechanism is provided with a laminar positioning mechanism and a side block positioning mechanism, a laminar positioning mechanism and The lateral mass positioning mechanism is connected as a whole and applied to the axis vertebrae. Its shape is fully fitted with the lamina and lateral mass of the axial vertebra required for preoperative simulation; the screw guide positioning hole is connected with the lateral mass positioning mechanism; the two ends of the connecting mechanism They are respectively connected with the positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanisms on both sides are connected into one body; the height of the connecting mechanism is greater than the height of the spinous process of the axis.
本发明中定位机构用来定位枢椎椎弓根螺钉进钉点，决定螺钉进钉点的位置；螺钉导向定位孔决定螺钉进钉方向。In the present invention, the positioning mechanism is used to locate the screw entry point of the pedicle of the axis, and determine the position of the screw entry point; the screw guiding positioning hole determines the screw entry direction.
导航模板中连接机构为连接杆，连接双侧的定位机构，使其成为一个整体；通过导航模板的连接机构，便于导航模板的安放，提高准确度。The connecting mechanism in the navigation template is a connecting rod, which connects the positioning mechanisms on both sides to make it a whole; through the connecting mechanism of the navigation template, it is convenient to place the navigation template and improve the accuracy.
实施例2Example 2
一种双侧型枢椎椎弓根螺钉导航模板，设有导航模板设有定位机构、螺钉导向定位孔和连接机构，定位机构设有椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构，椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构相连成一体，应用于枢椎上，其形态分别与术前模拟所需枢椎的椎板和侧块完全贴合；螺钉导向定位孔与侧块定位机构相连；连接机构两端分别与定位机构相连，将两侧的定位机构连接成一体；连接机构高度＞枢椎棘突高度。A bilateral axial pedicle screw navigation template, which is provided with a positioning mechanism, a screw guide positioning hole and a connecting mechanism, the positioning mechanism is provided with a laminar positioning mechanism and a side block positioning mechanism, a laminar positioning mechanism and The lateral mass positioning mechanism is connected as a whole and applied to the axis vertebrae. Its shape is fully fitted with the lamina and lateral mass of the axial vertebra required for preoperative simulation; the screw guide positioning hole is connected with the lateral mass positioning mechanism; the two ends of the connecting mechanism They are respectively connected with the positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanisms on both sides are connected into one body; the height of the connecting mechanism is greater than the height of the spinous process of the axis.
导航模板中连接机构为横连机构，设有横联和横联杆，横联杆一端与横连相连，另一端与定位机构相连，横连与横联杆夹角＞90° 。The connecting mechanism in the navigation template is a horizontal connecting mechanism, which is provided with a horizontal connecting rod and a horizontal connecting rod. One end of the horizontal connecting rod is connected to the horizontal connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the positioning mechanism. The angle between the horizontal connecting rod and the horizontal connecting rod is >90°.
横连结构连接双侧的定位机构，使其成为一个整体；并且手术时可以手持指压，起到辅助固定的作用利用它进行，便于术中固定。通过导航模板的横连结构，可以剥离更少的软组织，便于导航模板的安放，提高准确度。横连上还设有指压块，方便操作和在术中手指用力和指压。The horizontal connection structure connects the positioning mechanisms on both sides to make it a whole; and during the operation, finger pressure can be held by hand to play the role of auxiliary fixation, and it is convenient for intraoperative fixation. Through the horizontal connection structure of the navigation template, less soft tissue can be stripped, which facilitates the placement of the navigation template and improves the accuracy. There is also a finger pressure block on the horizontal connection, which is convenient for operation and finger force and finger pressure during the operation.
实施例3Example 3
一种双侧型枢椎椎弓根螺钉导航模板，设有导航模板设有定位机构、螺钉导向定位孔和连接机构，定位机构设有椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构，椎板定位机构和侧块定位机构相连成一体，应用于枢椎上，其形态分别与术前模拟所需枢椎的椎板和侧块完全贴合；螺钉导向定位孔与侧块定位机构相连；连接机构两端分别与定位机构相连，将两侧的定位机构连接成一体；连接机构高度＞枢椎棘突高度。A bilateral axial pedicle screw navigation template, which is provided with a positioning mechanism, a screw guide positioning hole and a connecting mechanism, the positioning mechanism is provided with a laminar positioning mechanism and a side block positioning mechanism, a laminar positioning mechanism and The lateral mass positioning mechanism is connected as a whole and applied to the axis vertebrae, and its shape is completely fitted with the lamina and lateral mass of the axial vertebra required for preoperative simulation; the screw guide positioning hole is connected with the lateral mass positioning mechanism; the two ends of the connecting mechanism They are respectively connected with the positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanisms on both sides are connected into one body; the height of the connecting mechanism is greater than the height of the spinous process of the axis.
导航模板中连接机构为横连机构，横连机构设有横联和横联杆，横联杆一端与横连相连，另一端与定位机构相连。横连结构连接双侧的定位机构，使其成为一个整体。The connecting mechanism in the navigation template is a horizontal connecting mechanism, and the horizontal connecting mechanism is provided with a horizontal connecting rod and a horizontal connecting rod. One end of the horizontal connecting rod is connected with the horizontal connecting rod, and the other end is connected with the positioning mechanism. The horizontal connection structure connects the positioning mechanisms on both sides to make it a whole.
横连上还设有指压块，方便操作和在术中手指用力和指压。There is also a finger pressure block on the horizontal connection, which is convenient for operation and finger force and finger pressure during the operation.
导航模板中定位机构还设有定位机构延长杆，定位机构延长杆一端与定位机构或/和固定螺钉导向定位孔相连，另一端与横联杆连接。定位机构延长杆为定位方向的辅助机构，控制螺钉进钉方向，更好的定位。定位机构延长杆与横连杆的连接方式为套接。横连与横联杆夹角=90° 。The positioning mechanism in the navigation template is also provided with a positioning mechanism extension rod. One end of the positioning mechanism extension rod is connected with the positioning mechanism or/and the fixing screw guide positioning hole, and the other end is connected with the cross-link. The positioning mechanism extension rod is an auxiliary mechanism for the positioning direction, which controls the direction of the screw entering the nail and better positioning. The connection mode between the extension rod of the positioning mechanism and the transverse connecting rod is a socket connection. The angle between the horizontal link and the horizontal link = 90°.
横连结构中横连和横连杆可以为标准部件，每个个体化设计的时候，这部分是不变的，便于设计，提高效率，在模板设计中变化的是延长杆和导航定位机构。In the horizontal connection structure, the horizontal connection and the horizontal connecting rod can be standard components. During each individual design, this part remains unchanged, which is convenient for design and improves efficiency. What changes in the formwork design is the extension rod and the navigation positioning mechanism.
本发明中双侧型枢椎椎弓根螺钉导航模板制作方法为：In the present invention, the method for making the navigation template of the bilateral axis pedicle screw is as follows:
本发明术中省去了螺钉置钉及连接棒的预弯主观性，反复多次操作透视等；适用于颅底凹陷，环枢椎骨折等多种情况；操作简便，对医生要求较低，降低手术风险，提高手术效率，进而减少手术成本。The present invention eliminates the subjectivity of screw placement and pre-bending of connecting rods during the operation, and repeated multiple operations such as fluoroscopy; it is suitable for various situations such as skull base depression and circumaxial fracture; it is easy to operate and has low requirements for doctors. Reduce surgical risk, improve surgical efficiency, and reduce surgical costs.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510607811.2ACN105078566B (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2015-09-23 | A kind of bilateral type dentata screw navigation template |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510607811.2ACN105078566B (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2015-09-23 | A kind of bilateral type dentata screw navigation template |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105078566A CN105078566A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN105078566Btrue CN105078566B (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510607811.2AExpired - Fee RelatedCN105078566B (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2015-09-23 | A kind of bilateral type dentata screw navigation template |
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| CN (1) | CN105078566B (en) |
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