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CN105078530A - 末端执行器力测量驱动电路 - Google Patents

末端执行器力测量驱动电路
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CN105078530A
CN105078530ACN201510224776.6ACN201510224776ACN105078530ACN 105078530 ACN105078530 ACN 105078530ACN 201510224776 ACN201510224776 ACN 201510224776ACN 105078530 ACN105078530 ACN 105078530A
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CN105078530B (zh
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伊桑·柯林斯
约翰·赫里布
安东尼·卡尔德罗尼
约翰·潘塔齐斯
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Covidien LP
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Abstract

本发明公开了末端执行器力测量驱动电路,还提供了一种用于施加紧固件的手术器械,手术器械包括驱动马达、具有末端执行器组件的可替换装载单元以及构造成可释放地将可替换装载单元联接至驱动马达的接合器。所述接合器包括联接有驱动电路的应变仪。应变仪和驱动电路构造成直接测量接合器中的驱动力。

Description

末端执行器力测量驱动电路
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2014年5月5日提交的序列号为61/988,342的美国临时专利申请的权益和优先权,其全部公开内容以引用方式并入本申请。
技术领域
本公开涉及具有可重复使用的手柄组件以及可移除且可替换部件的手术装置。更具体地,本公开涉及适合在用于施加紧固件的手术器械中使用的末端执行器作用力测量驱动电路。
背景技术
在内窥镜操作中使用的动力手术器械已为人们所知。典型地,这种器械包括可重复使用的手柄组件,以及有时被称作单次使用装载单元或SULU的可替换且通常为一次性的部件。接合器组件将装载单元连接至手柄组件,该装载单元能够包括用于同组织相互作用的末端执行器。在手术吻合器的情况下,末端执行器可包括在手术吻合器每次发射之后被更换的可替换的钉仓。为降低成本以及缩短操作时间,手柄组件通常构造成与多种装载单元和/或用于在具有不同特性(例如,厚度和密度)的组织上使用的多种构造的组件联用。例如,不同的装载单元可具有不同尺寸的吻合钉和/或所述吻合钉可布置成不同的构造。为确保手柄组件被编程为与所附接的装载单元协作,一些装载单元设置还称为芯片的集成电路,所述集成电路与手柄组件通信以识别装载单元的构造。这种布置使得在装载单元附接至接合器组件时装载单元的构造被自动传输至手柄组件,从而消除在具有不同构造的装载单元之间切换时可能经历的用户误差或不兼容性。
手术吻合器通常用于在体腔内吻合组织,在体腔内,末端执行器可能会接触流体,例如血液、胆汁和/或灌洗液。如果芯片和手柄组件之间的互连受到损害,则该芯片可能发生故障或者可能扰乱装载单元与手柄组件之间的数据通信,使手术吻合器不稳定或不能操作。
有时被称作印刷线路板(PWB)或蚀刻线路板的印刷电路板(PCB)广泛用于将离散电气部件装配成操作电路。PCB通常提供既可靠又经济的使电信号在系统部件之间互连的手段。PCB以多种不同的类型获得并以多种方式分类。
PCB通过使用在PCB上传导信号的导电路径或信号迹线而通常被用于机械支撑和电连接电子部件。典型的PCB包括一层或多层绝缘材料,导电体的图案形成在该绝缘材料上。除了位于PCB上的导电迹线图案之外,可形成金属填充通孔或通路的图案化阵列以允许各种导电结构件之间的层间互连。安装有电气部件的PCB有时被称作印刷电路组件(PCA)或印刷电路板组件(PCBA)。
采用PCB的多种电手术装置已经变得薄和/或紧凑。在一些装置中,容纳PCB所需的空间大小可能使得难以减小装置的尺寸。在一些情况下,大到足以容纳提供期望的功能和/或性能所需的电气部件的PCB布局会增加装置的总体尺寸,可能会妨碍可用性。
电信号可用在PCB上,用于控制向组织递送手术吻合钉。用于向组织施加吻合钉、夹子或其他紧固件的手术装置是公知的。用于施加手术紧固件的内窥镜手术装置包括致动单元,即,用于使装置致动的手柄组件和用于内窥镜进入的轴,以及布置在所述轴的远侧端部处的末端执行器组件。这些装置中的某些装置被设计用于同包括末端执行器组件并容纳吻合钉或紧固件的可替换装载单元联用。该可替换装载单元可包括各种尺寸的吻合钉,并且这些吻合钉可布置成一种或多种构造。在配有可替换装载单元的吻合器发射之后,用户可将空的装载单元移去,选择具有相同或不同尺寸的吻合钉以及相同或不同吻合钉布置的另一装载单元并将其附接至吻合器,并且再次发射吻合器。这个过程可在手术操作期间重复执行。
在手术操作期间,当末端执行器组件向下夹紧在组织上时或发射时,在一些情形下,可能不太清楚末端执行器组件是否已碰到一块软骨,并且外科医生可能不确定他是否要进一步操作。在一些情况下,当末端执行器组件已碰到阻碍其发射或马达驱动装置不得不克服的某物体时,该器械会消耗过量的电流,该电流能够被检测并被测量。然而,马达电流测量值可能并不完全可靠,诸如当末端执行器组件已碰到另一吻合排或是遇到一连串畸形的吻合钉时。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方案,提供了一种用于施加紧固件的手术器械,手术器械包括驱动马达、具有末端执行器组件的可替换装载单元以及构造成可释放地将可替换装载单元联接至驱动马达的接合器。所述接合器包括联接有驱动电路的应变仪。应变仪和驱动电路构造成直接测量接合器中的驱动力。
根据本公开的另一方案,测量手术装置中的驱动力的方法包括:提供一种用于施加紧固件的手术器械,所述手术器械包括构造成可释放地将具有末端执行器组件的可替换装载单元联接至驱动马达的接合器。所述接合器包括联接至能够检测过量负载的驱动电路的应变仪。所述方法还包括:使用应变仪和驱动电路来直接测量接合器中的驱动力以获取力测量值,并且如果基于所述力测量值判定已经检测到过量负载,则调节驱动力以防止对接合器造成损坏。
根据前述方案中的任何一个,所述驱动电路包括微处理器,包括斜率和偏移修正因子的工厂校准力测量值永久地存储在驱动电路的微处理器中。根据前述方案中的任何一个,所述驱动电路进一步包括构造成提供直流(DC)电压的电压调整电路。
附图说明
当结合附图时,根据以下详细说明,本公开的上述的和其他的方案、特征和益处将变得更加明显,其中:
图1是根据本公开的实施例的与芯片组件联用的手术吻合装置的立体图;
图2是图1的手术吻合装置的立体图,其示出了处于分离构造的手柄组件、接合器组件和装载单元;
图3是图1中所示的手术吻合装置的装载单元的近侧端和接合器组件的远侧端的视图;
图4是图3中所示的装载单元的近侧端和接合器组件的远侧端的放大图;
图5是图3中所示的装载单元的近侧端和接合器组件的远侧端的另一放大图;
图6是图3中所示的装载单元的近侧端的放大、分解图,其中装载单元和认证板分离;
图7是图3中所示的装载单元的近侧端的放大、部分分解图,其中认证板罩与装载单元分离;
图8是图3中所示的装载单元的近侧端的放大图;
图9是根据本公开的实施例的认证板组件的立体图;
图10是认证板触点的立体图;
图11是图3中所示的接合器组件的远侧端的放大、分解图,其中接合器组件和接合器板分离;
图12是图11中所示的接合器板的放大图;
图13是图11中所示的接合器板的另一放大图;
图14是图11中所示的接合器板的又一放大图;
图15是图3中所示的接合器组件的剖面侧视图,其示出与装载单元分离的接合器组件;
图16是图15中所示的标记区域的放大图,其示出与认证板分离的接合器板;
图17是图3中所示的接合器组件的剖面侧视图,其示出与装载单元接合的接合器组件;
图18是图17中所示的标记区域的放大图,其示出与认证板接合的接合器板;
图19是图3中所示的接合器组件的剖面轴向图,其示出与装载单元分离的接合器组件;
图20是图3中所示的接合器组件的剖面轴向图,其示出插入到接合器组件中的装载单元;以及
图21是图3中所示的接合器组件的剖面轴向图,其示出与接合器组件接合的装载单元;
图22是根据本公开的另一实施例的手术吻合装置的立体图;
图23是根据本公开的实施例的装载单元的立体图;
图24是以零件处于分离状态示出的图23的装载单元;
图25是板组件的细节立体图;
图26是图25的板组件的另一细节立体图;
图27是芯片组件的细节立体图;
图28是图27的芯片组件的另一细节立体图;
图29是根据本公开的实施例的支撑板的细节立体图;
图30是图25至图28的芯片组件和板组件的立体图;
图31是图25至图28的芯片组件和板组件的另一立体图;
图32是根据本公开的实施例的吻合钉钉仓组件的俯视立体图;
图33是具有运送楔的图32的吻合钉钉仓组件的俯视立体图;
图34是图33的运送楔的仰视立体图;
图35是根据本公开的实施例的闭锁组件的细节立体图;
图36是示出吻合钉钉仓组件的图23的装载单元的立体图;
图37是装载单元移除砧座和运送楔后的俯视图;
图38是吻合钉钉仓组件的支撑板的近侧部分的立体图;
图39是装载单元的沟槽的近侧部分的立体图;
图40是装载单元的剖面图;
图41是零件处于分离状态的装载单元的芯片组件的立体图;
图42是装载单元的近侧部分的立体图;
图43是芯片组件的立体图;
图44是装载单元的近侧部分的立体图;
图45是芯片组件的另一立体图;
图46是根据本公开的实施例的闭锁组件的细节立体图;
图47是根据本公开的实施例的闭锁机构的另一细节立体图;
图48是穿过驱动梁的剖面图;
图49是闭锁机构的另一细节立体图;
图50是零件处于分离状态的立体图,其示出了锁定件、滑块和安装部分;
图51是锁定件的立体图;
图52是移去零件后的装载单元的立体图,其示出了闭锁机构;
图53是零件处于分离状态的闭锁机构的立体图,其示出了驱动梁;
图54是穿过装载单元纵向剖切的剖面图;
图55是示出锁定件和动态夹紧构件的图54的细节图;
图56是驱动梁、动态夹紧构件和滑块的侧视图;
图57是驱动梁和动态夹紧构件被推进状态下的驱动梁、动态夹紧构件和滑块的侧视图;
图58是以零件分离的状态示出的用于施加手术吻合钉的手术器械的立体图,包括构造有应变仪和根据本公开的实施例的驱动电路的接合器;
图59是根据本公开的实施例的图1的驱动电路的电路图;
图60是示出图2的微处理器和根据本公开的实施例的电压调整电路的电路图;以及
图61是示出测量根据本公开的实施例的手术装置中的驱动力的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
此后,参照附图描述当前公开的包括构造有应变仪和驱动电路的接合器的手术器械和测量所述手术装置中的驱动力的方法的实施例。相同的参考标号可在对附图的整个描述中指代相似或相同的元件。此后参照附图描述本公开的特定实施例,然而,应当理解,所公开的实施例仅仅是以各种形式具体化的本公开的示例。熟知的和/或重复的功能和结构并未详细描述以避免不必要或多余的细节使得本公开模糊不清。因此,本文所公开的具体的结构性和功能性细节并解释为限定,而是仅仅作为权利要求的基础和用于教导本领域技术人员以实质上任意合适的详细结构多样地使用本公开的代表性基础。正如本领域所常见的,术语“近侧”指代较靠近用户或操作员(即,外科医生或临床医生)的零件或部件,而术语“远侧”指代较远离用户的零件或部件。此外,正如在说明书和权利要求中所使用的,参考方位的术语,例如“顶”、“底”“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等参考本文所示出和描述的附图和特征来使用。应当理解,根据本公开的实施例可以任何方位实施而不限定。在该说明书以及附图中,相同的参考标号代表可执行相同、相似或等同功能的元件。现将参照附图详细描述当前公开的芯片组件的实施例,其中,相同的参考标号在若干附图的每幅图中指定相同或对应的元件。本文所使用的词语“示例性”意思是“用作实例、例子或示例”。本文描述为“示例性”的任意实施例并不需要构成为比其他实施例优选或有利。词语“实例”可与术语“示例性”互换地使用。
本说明书可使用词组“在一个实施例中”、“在实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”或“在其他实施例中”,其均可指代根据本公开的相同或不同实施例中的一个或多个。
正如本文所使用的,术语“功率源”和“电源”指代任意的电力源,例如,电插座、交流(a/c)发电机、电池或电池组等。正如在说明书中所使用的,“导电的”或仅仅是“传导的”通常指代能够导电的材料,包括但不限于例如金属和合金的高传导性材料或者是例如半导体材料和半导体复合物的半导体的材料。正如在说明书中所使用的,“传输线”通常指代任意能够用于将信号从一个点传播至另一个点的传输介质。
首先参照图1和图2,包括根据本公开的认证系统的手术吻合器械通常示出为吻合器10。吻合器10包括手柄组件12、从手柄组件12向远侧延伸的接合器组件14,以及被选择性地固定至接合器组件14的远侧端的装载单元16。公开号为2012/0089131的共有美国专利申请提供了对手柄组件12、接合器组件14和装载单元16的详细描述,其全部内容以引用方式并入本申请。
手柄组件12包括下壳体部17、从下壳体部17延伸出和/或支撑在下壳体部17上的中间壳体部18,以及从中间壳体部18延伸出和/或支撑在中间壳体部18上的上壳体部19。中间壳体部18和上壳体部19被分隔成远侧半区20a和近侧半区20b,远侧半区20a与下壳体部17整体形成并从下壳体部17延伸出,近侧半区20b通过任意合适的附接方式与远侧半区20a连结,附接方式诸如而不限于超声波焊接和/或多个紧固件。当连结时,远侧半区20a和近侧半区20b形成手柄壳体21,手柄壳体21在其中限定了空腔,该空腔容纳包括控制器21a的电路板和驱动机构(未示出)。
下壳体部17包括与其枢转连接的门13,所述门13用于进入下壳体部17中所形成的空腔,从而将电池(未示出)固持在其中。可以想到,吻合器10可由任意数量的功率源提供动力,例如但不限于,诸如为燃料电池、连接至外部功率源的电源线等等。
接合器组件14包括位于其近侧端处的驱动联接器22和位于其远侧端处的装载单元联接器15。上壳体部19的远侧半区20a限定构造成可操作地接纳接合器组件14的驱动联接器22的前端或连接部11。装载单元16包括构造成可操作地接纳接合器组件14的装载单元联接器15的接合器联接器27。
手柄壳体21的上壳体部19封装驱动机构(未示出),所述驱动机构构造成驱动轴和/或齿轮部件(未示出)以便执行吻合器10的各种操作。具体地,驱动机构构造成驱动轴和/或齿轮部件以便相对于装载单元16的近侧主体部24选择性地移动工具组件或装载单元16的末端执行器23,相对于手柄壳体21绕纵向轴线“X-X”(图1)旋转装载单元16,相对于装载单元16的钉仓组件26移动砧座组件25,和/或在装载单元16的钉仓组件26内发射吻合和切割钉仓。
图1至图21中所示的装载单元16是直线手术吻合装载单元。所述装载单元包括吻合砧座,所述吻合砧座具有用于使手术吻合钉成形的凹槽,通过在手术系统中装载单元的操作,手术吻合钉抵靠所述吻合砧座而被驱动。吻合钉仓容纳手术吻合钉,以及吻合钉发射和/或驱动组件。所述吻合钉发射和/或驱动组件是已知的。在序列号为8,256,656和7,044,353的美国专利中描述了一种这样的组件,其全部内容因此以引用的方式并入本申请。所述驱动组件包括具有刀片的细长驱动梁。所述驱动梁推动具有用于同推进器相互作用的楔形表面的致动滑块。所述推进器支撑吻合钉并具有滑块楔形表面所抵靠而滑动的凸轮表面,在滑块以纵向方式被推进穿过吻合钉仓的同时,向上驱动推进器。
可以想到,该装载单元具有用于分别支撑砧座和吻合钉钉仓的钳夹构件。砧座钳夹构件和吻合钉钉仓钳夹构件能够靠近来夹紧介于砧座钳夹构件和吻合钉钉仓钳夹构件之间的组织。还可想到,末端执行器能够从由近侧主体部分24限定的纵向轴线偏轴地做关节式运动或者枢转。
可以想到,装载单元可为圆形手术吻合单元、其他类型的吻合单元,或者是其他类型的手术末端执行器,诸如电烙术、消融、超声波等。
参照图3、图4和图5,接合器组件14的装载单元联接器15构造成经由推动和扭转或卡口式布置可操作地接合装载单元16的接合器联接器27。接合器联接器27包括一个或多个卡口式凸耳28,所述一个或多个卡口式凸耳28构造成与对应的一个或多个卡口式沟槽29紧密配合,所述一个或多个卡口式沟槽29限定在由接合器组件14的装载单元联接器15提供的卡口式套圈48中。短连接构件44和负载连接构件45沿纵向布置在接合器组件14内并构造成在吻合器10的操作期间沿纵向(例如,向远侧和向近侧)平移。布置在短连接构件44的远侧端的凸轮55被弹簧49a向远侧抵靠卡口式沟槽29而推进。为将装载单元16与接合器组件14接合,装载单元16的接合器联接器27被插入到接合器组件14的装载单元联接器15中并被旋转。依次地,卡口式套圈48与接合器联接器27协同旋转。当卡口式套圈48旋转时,凸轮55从卡口式沟槽29岔开,引起短连接构件44向远侧平移,依次地,这引起形成在短连接构件44中的开关凸块47致动开关46。开关46与控制器21a可操作地电气连通并构造成向所述控制器21a传达装载单元16和接合器组件14之间的接合状态。
现转向图6至图10,装载单元16的接合器联接器27包括认证板组件30,所述认证板组件30构造成稳固地安装在限定在接合器联接器27中的凹槽31内。认证板组件30定位在接合器联接器27之内,使得当装载单元16被固定至接合器组件14时,认证板组件30接合安装在接合器组件的装载单元联接器15内的接合器板组件50(图11)。更具体地,认证板30包括电路板37、一对触点构件40a、40b(总体为触点构件40)以及芯片36。电路板37限定构造成稳固地接纳在由接合器联接器27限定的凹槽31内的大致平坦的细长构件。芯片36与触点构件40电气连通。电路板37的远侧端37a支撑芯片36,并且电路板37的近侧端37b支撑触点构件40。电路板37的远侧端37a包括限定于其中的对齐凹口33,所述对齐凹口33构造成接合设置在凹槽31的远侧端的对应的对齐小块(alignmentnub)32以确保认证板组件30在接合器联接器27内的稳固且准确的定位。
芯片36包括能够存储装载单元16的明细并将所述明细传送至手柄组件12的任意芯片,明细例如但不限于钉仓尺寸、吻合钉布置、吻合钉长度、夹紧距离、制造日期、产品有效期、兼容特性、唯一标识符(例如,序列号)和/或使用次数。在一些实施例中,芯片36包括可擦可编程只读存储器(“EPROM”)芯片。通过这种方式,手柄组件12可根据从芯片36传送而来的装载单元16的明细来调节它的发射作用力、发射行程和/或其他操作特性。可进一步想到,芯片36可包括允许手柄组件12与相关装载单元16已经被使用的芯片36通信的写能力,这能够防止已耗尽的再装载组件的再装载或重新利用,或任意其他未授权的使用。
在一些实施例中,芯片36包括安全认证芯片,诸如但不限于加利福尼亚州圣何塞的MaximIntegratedTM制造的具有1-WireSHA-256和512-BitUserEEPROM的DS28E15DeepCoverSecureAuthenticator(安全认证)。在这些实施例中,芯片36的内容以及芯片36和手柄组件12之间的通信被加密以防止未授权进入。通过这种方式,有效地阻碍了低质伪劣装载单元、再制造装载单元或“停产”装载单元的使用,这进而通过在手术操作期间确保只使用新的经认证的装载单元16而降低对患者的风险。此外,大大减少了医疗设备和/或外科医生可能不知情地使用伪劣装载单元的可能性,因此降低了社会用于提供医疗服务的整体成本。在一些实施例中,芯片36利用“1-线”(1-wire)通信接口,借此,采用单根信号导线,其与接地导线共同用于芯片36和手柄组件12之间的双向串行通信。
触点组件38(图9、图10)包括通过触点基座59连结、并具有大体细长的U形构造的短触点臂41和长触点臂42。短触点臂41包括第一触点构件40a,所述第一触点构件40a正交地布置并固定至短触点臂41的近侧端的上部。长触点臂42包括第二触点构件40b,所述第二触点构件40b正交地布置并固定至长触点臂42的近侧端的上部。短触点臂41和长触点臂42每个均包括焊料凸块39,所述焊料凸块39正交地布置并固定至短触点臂41和长触点臂42的远侧端的下部。焊料凸块39例如通过焊接、导电性胶黏剂和/或其他合适的技术而与电路板37的近侧端37b机电地连结。
接合器联接器27包括从接合器联接器27的近侧端径向延伸的凸起的触点支撑件34并且包括限定在所述支撑件34中的一对支架35a、35b,该对支架35a、35b构造成当认证板组件30定位在接合器联接器27的凹槽31内时,分别接纳第一触点构件40a和第二触点构件40b。盖43构造成将认证板组件30封装并固持在接合器联接器27的凹槽31内(图7和图8)。
在一些实施例中,短触点臂41和第一触点构件40a通过触点基座59与长触点臂42和第二触点构件40b电绝缘。在这些实施例中,短触点臂41和长触点臂42中的每个承载各自的电路,例如,短触点臂41承载信号线而长触点臂42承载地线。在其他实施例中,短触点臂41和第一触点构件40a同长触点臂42和第二触点构件40b电气连结。在这些实施例中,短触点臂41和长触点臂42以分叉或冗余模式运行以承载信号电路,而同时接地电路通过装载单元16、接合器单元14和/或手柄组件12的其他导电部件来承载。
正如上面所提到的,当装载单元16被固定至接合器组件14时,认证板组件30构造成接合安装在装载单元联接器15内的接合器板组件50。现参照图11至图14,装载单元联接器15包括接合器板组件50,所述接合器板组件50构造成浮动地安装在限定于装载单元联接器15中的凹穴60内。接合器板组件50被定位在装载单元联接器15内,使得当装载单元16被固定至接合器组件14时,接合器板组件50接合认证板组件30。
接合器板组件50包括电路板51,所述电路板51具有固定至其上的一对触点构件55a、55b(总体为触点构件55)并与手柄组件12可操作地连通。在所示的实施例中,触点构件55a、55b布置成用于在横向方向上的有效接合,例如,横向于吻合器10的纵向轴线“X-X”,从而适应如本文所述的装载单元16和接合器组件14的旋转联接。
电路板51包括上表面51a、下表面51b、近侧端51c和远侧端51d。电路板51限定大致平坦的细长构件,所述大致平坦的细长构件构造成弹性地或浮动地容纳在由装载单元联接器15限定的凹穴60内。弹簧夹52固定至电路板51的近侧端51c并构造成在凹穴60内支撑接合器板组件50。弹簧夹52包括具有翼形构造的一对弹簧支撑件54,该对弹簧支撑件54构造成防止弹簧夹52过度延伸并为弹簧夹52提供刚度。接合器板组件50包括具有宽阔的弯曲u形轮廓、布置在电路板51的上表面51a上的弹簧53。在一些实施例中,弹簧夹52和弹簧53可整体形成。弹簧夹52和/或弹簧53可确实地对齐和/或由限定在电路板51的近侧端51c中的凹口62支撑。电路板51包括限定于其中的一个或多个通孔56,所述通孔56可被用于在电路板51的上表面51a和下表面51b之间形成导电路径。
当接合器板组件50安装在凹穴60内时,弹簧53抵靠着支撑接合器组件14的外管57(图15、图16)。在使用时,接合器板50被弹簧53和侧面的弹簧夹52朝向认证板组件30弹簧偏置,使得在接合装载单元16和接合器组件14时,装载单元16和接合器组件14之间的任何制造公差得以通过凹穴60内的接合器板50的浮动的弹簧架的接合而补偿。通过这种方式,得以始终在接合器板50的触点构件55与认证板组件30的触点构件40之间实现可靠的连接,因此在芯片36与手柄组件12之间提供了坚固的通信链路。在实施例中,触点组件38、触点40和/或触点55至少部分地由导电材料制成,诸如但不限于铍铜。
现转向图15至图21,示出了接合器板组件50与认证板组件30之间的相互作用。如图15、图16和图19中看到的,接合器板50通过弹簧夹52固持在装载单元接合器15内。弹簧53抵靠着支撑外管57以将接合器板50朝向孔61向内偏置,使得触点构件55延伸到孔61中。随着接合器联接器27被完全插入到装载单元接合器15的孔61中,接合器联接器27与装载单元联接器15的初始旋转方位使得认证板30的触点构件40和接合器板50的触点构件55大致间隔45°(图20)。随着相对于接合器组件14旋转装载单元16,认证板30的触点构件40达到与接合器板50的触点构件55接合。有利地,当触点构件30与所配合的接合器板50的触点构件55接合时,装载单元16的接合器联接器27的触点支撑件34为触点构件30提供径向支撑。此外,弹簧53抵靠着支撑外管57,这使得接合器板50能够相对于认证板30和装置单元联接器15浮动,从而补偿各种部件之间的制造差异并在认证板30和接合器板50之间提供可靠的连接。
可以想到,与装载单元16类似的装载单元可具有可移去且可替换的吻合钉钉仓组件。根据本公开的实施例,在图22至图57中示出了吻合系统,所述吻合系统具有同上面所讨论的手柄组件12类似的动力手柄组件112。所述手柄组件如上面所讨论的进行构造并具有控制器121a。吻合系统包括接合器组件114和装载单元116,接合器组件114和装载单元116中的每一个可如上面所讨论的进行构造。装载单元为直线吻合装载单元,但是可想到其他类型的装载单元。正如上面所讨论的,装载单元116具有用于将吻合钉发射到夹在砧座钳夹构件111和吻合钉钉仓钳夹构件113之间的组织中的驱动组件。
支撑在吻合钉钉仓钳夹构件113中的是可移去且可替换的吻合钉钉仓组件115。在于2011年10月25日提交的序列号为13/280,880,并作为US2013-0098965A1公开的美国专利申请中公开了一种可移去且可替换的吻合钉钉仓组件,其全部公开内容以引用方式并入本申请。。
本公开的装载单元116构造成使用一次以上。特别地,装载单元具有包括上面所讨论的吻合钉钉仓和驱动组件的可移去的吻合钉钉仓组件115。该可移去的组件116构造成被移去和被替换(例如,在从其发射吻合钉或其他手术紧固件之后)。所示的装载单元116包括能附接至接合器组件114的近侧主体部118。然而,本公开的装载单元的特征能够合并到不包括器械的细长部分的可拆卸部分的手术器械中。
装载单元500包括限定纵向轴线“A-A”的近侧主体部118。钳夹构件包括砧座钳夹构件111和钉仓钳夹构件113。钳夹构件中的一个可相对于另一个枢转以使得组织夹紧在钳夹构件之间。在所示的实施例中,钉仓钳夹构件113相对于砧座钳夹构件枢转并可在打开或未夹紧位置与闭合或接近位置之间可移动。然而,砧座钳夹构件能够是可移动的,或者钉仓钳夹构件和砧座钳夹构件两者都能够是可移动的。正如结合图1至图21所讨论的,砧座钳夹构件包括具有多个吻合钉成形凹陷部的砧座。
钉仓钳夹构件113包括接纳并支撑吻合钉钉仓组件115的沟槽或承载件120。钉仓组件具有钉仓主体140和支撑板111。钉仓主体和支撑板通过搭扣配合连接(如下所讨论的)、止动器、锁定件或通过另一种类型的连接而附接至沟槽或承载件120。钉仓组件包括紧固件或吻合钉141。钉仓主体140限定构造成为开口的多个横向间隔开的吻合钉固持狭槽142(参见图32)。每个狭槽构造成将紧固件或吻合钉接纳在其中。钉仓组件还限定多个凸轮楔形狭槽,所述多个凸轮楔形狭槽容纳吻合钉推进器146并且在底部是开放的以允许致动滑块148在如上所讨论地在发射吻合钉时纵向穿过其中。
可移去的吻合钉钉仓组件115包括钉仓主体140和支撑板111。可移去的组件115从沟槽120可移去,例如,在吻合钉已被从钉仓主体140发射之后。另一可移去且可替换的吻合钉钉仓组件能够装载到沟槽中,使得装载单元116能够再次致动从而发射额外的紧固件或吻合钉。
沟槽120包括用于接合吻合钉钉仓组件和支撑板的一个或一对接合结构120a(诸如狭槽)(参见图39)、用于供驱动梁通过的中央狭槽、用于连接砧座钳夹构件的一对近侧孔150以及坡道表面152。近侧孔150构造成与砧座钳夹构件上的一对对应的孔或特征件对齐/机械接合。钳夹构件例如可通过销连接以有利于砧座钳夹构件111和钉仓钳夹构件113之间的枢转关系。
钉仓主体140包括中央狭槽143以及定位在狭槽143的每侧上的多排吻合钉固持狭槽(参见图32)。钉仓主体还包括一对接合结构或一对凸起,在某些实施例中,所述一对接合结构或一对可以是用于与支撑板111a和/或沟道120连接的邻近钉仓主体的近侧端的狭槽或开口。
具体参照图29,支撑板111a包括基座145、用于与钉仓主体和/或沟槽连接的接合特征件147和147a(参见图38),以及位于支撑板111a的近侧端处的安装部149(参见图29)。支撑板111a布置在钉仓主体下面以支撑吻合钉推进器、致动滑块及吻合钉(或其他手术紧固件)并防止这些部件从吻合钉钉仓组件掉落。
例如,如图41至图45中所示,装载单元可包括安装在近侧主体部118的近侧端上的芯片组件360。所述芯片组件如上面所讨论的与上述的认证板组件30相结合。安装芯片组件360用于连接位于接合器组件114的远侧端上的联接器中的板组件,并能够如上面结合图1至图21所讨论地进行构造。芯片组件360包括用于认证和信息目的的芯片361,并能够包括存储某些信息的存储器。该信息可包括该装载单元的装置类型、装置/装载单元的版本、装载单元的名称、生产批号、序列号或其他标识号、能够驱动装载单元的驱动梁的最大力、互锁区(mm)、端部区(mm)、装载单元能否做关节式运动和/或使用限制(装载单元能够使用的次数)。互锁区是当驱动梁在装载单元中被闭锁件接合时从驱动梁的开始或初始位置以毫米测量到的驱动梁的位置。端部区是当驱动梁在吻合钉钉仓主体140中已到达其行程末端时从驱动梁的开始或初始位置以毫米测量到的驱动梁的位置。由于该吻合钉钉仓组件115能够被移去和被替换,则存在对装载单元能够再次装载新用的未发射的吻合钉钉仓的次数的有意限制。存储在芯片上的信息能够包括吻合排的长度和/或钉仓的长度。
手柄组件112中的控制器121a能够被编程为读取芯片361上的信息。这种信息在手术系统的操作中使用。期望的是,对一些或全部信息加密,这能够如上结合图1至图21所讨论的来完成。在序列号或其他数据不能被识别的情况下,控制器能够被编程为不向布置在手柄组件112中的马达(未示出)提供动力,并且不使接合器组件和装载单元运行。最大力信息结合布置在手术系统中的负载传感器使用,该负载传感器诸如为应变仪。例如,负载传感器能够布置在接合器组件114和/或装载单元中,诸如位于驱动梁上的负载传感器。控制器能够被编程为将来自负载传感器的数据与存储在芯片上的最大力数据进行比较,以便例如在超过最大力之前中断马达(未示出)的运转。在另一实例中,控制器能够被编程为如果测量到的力达到了预定水平则以“低速模式”运行。力的预定水平能够为上面所讨论的最大力,或者是存储在系统中的芯片(诸如芯片361)上的另一水平的力。低速模式意味着控制器使马达(未示出)以较低速率运行,如此产生更多的扭矩并同时延迟组织的挤压和/或吻合钉的发射。在厚的组织中,低速模式能够允许组织中的液体离开吻合部位,有利于更多地挤压组织。
通过类似的方式,如果驱动梁布置在互锁区或端部区中,则能够停止马达的运行或使马达以低速模式运行。此外,如果芯片361上的数据指示了装载单元不进行关节式运动,则控制器能够中断或防止关节式运动联动件、杆或线缆的运行。
可以想到,具有上面所讨论的数据中的一些或全部的芯片361能够设置在本文所公开的任何实施例中,包括不具有可移去且可替换吻合钉钉仓组件的装载单元和/或不能做关节式运动的装载单元。
可以想到,芯片361上的信息能够由手柄组件中的控制器、系统中的另一芯片或者手术系统中的任何其他的计算机部件读取。
在本文所公开的任何实施例中,控制器能够将信息写到装载单元上的芯片中。例如,如通过上面所讨论的负载传感器测量到的用以夹紧到组织上的最大力、用以发射吻合钉的最大力和/或驱动梁在停止推进时驱动梁的位置,等等。能够被写到芯片361上的其他信息包括驱动梁在装置进入到低速模式中时的位置、装载单元已经被发射的次数、装载单元是否已经被发射、手柄组件的类型、手柄组件的序列号、接合器组件的类型和/或接合器组件的序列号。在本文所公开的任何实施例中,发射吻合钉的最大力能够连同驱动梁的位置一起被保存。信息还能够保存在连接至手柄组件中的控制器的存储器中、系统中的其他芯片中或该手术系统的其他计算机部件中。
还可想到,在本文所公开的任何实施例中,末端执行器或工具组件被布置用于在工具组件同纵向轴线“Y-Y”对齐的第一位置和工具组件相对于纵向轴线“Y-Y”呈一定角度布置的第二位置之间做关节式运动。例如,包括砧座钳夹构件和钉仓钳夹构件的工具组件可被安装以便能相对于近侧主体部118枢转。砧座钳夹构件和钉仓钳夹构件能够附接至安装组件2020(下面进一步讨论),并且安装组件能够可枢转地连接至近侧主体部118。装载单元116包括布置在近侧主体部中的一个或多个线缆或联动件,以便当线缆或联动件移位时,工具组件相对于器械枢转并做关节式运动。在授予Milliman等人的共有的第6,953,139号美国专利中详细描述了提供关节式运动的进一步细节,其全部公开内容以引用方式并入本申请。接合器组件114可包括用于实现工具组件的关节式运动的联动件、杆或线缆。
如图32中所示,例如,本文所公开的任何实施例可包括具有阶梯式组织接触表面1412的钉仓主体140。在这种实施例中,可使用不同尺寸的吻合钉或全部相同尺寸的吻合钉。具有多种吻合钉尺寸的吻合钉钉仓的进一步细节包括在授予Holsten等人的第7,407,075号美国专利中,其全部内容以引用方式并入本申请。砧座的吻合钉成形凹槽或者吻合钉推进器或者两者都能够因此构造成以期望的形状和尺寸使吻合钉成形。
可移除且可替换的吻合钉钉仓组件115可进一步包括芯片组件362(参见图27和图28)。相应的板组件380(图25和图26)布置在装载单元116的工具组件上,并可布置在沟槽120上。工具组件板组件380如上所讨论地能够与接合器联接器27的接合器板组件50一起构造。工具组件板组件380构造成被稳固地安装在沟槽120的壁上。该板组件380被定位以便当钉仓组件140被固定至装载单元的沟槽120时,芯片组件362接合安装在沟槽上的板组件380(参见图29至图31)。图27和图28示出了芯片组件和吻合钉钉仓主体140之间的关系,而图29示出了芯片组件362和支撑板111a之间的关系。
更详细地,芯片组件包括主体337和连接至布置在主体中的芯片336的一对触点构件340a、340b(总体为触点构件340)。主体337限定具有柔性臂的矩形构件,所述柔性臂上具有搭扣特征件337a。柔性臂构造成被稳固地接纳在限定在钉仓主体中的凹槽331内。芯片336与触点构件340电连通。
芯片336包括能够存储关于吻合钉钉仓组件115的信息的任何芯片。芯片能够同认证板组件30的芯片相同或类似。在本文所公开的任何实施例中,任何芯片均能够存储信息,诸如但不限于钉仓尺寸、吻合钉布局、吻合钉排长度(或钉仓的长度)、制造日期、产品有效期、兼容特性、唯一标识符(例如,序列号)和/或使用次数以及是否已使用吻合钉钉仓组件。这种信息能够通过合适的总线、引脚连接件、无线装置等传送至手柄组件112中的控制器或另一计算机部件。在一些实施例中,芯片336包括可擦可编程只读存储器(“EPROM”)芯片。手柄组件中的控制器能够将信息写到芯片336上。通过这种方式,根据从芯片336传送来的关于吻合钉钉仓组件的信息,手柄组件112可调节其发射力、发射行程和/或其他操作特性。手柄组件112能够向芯片336通信表明吻合钉钉仓组件已经被使用,这样能够防止已耗尽的再装载组件的再装载或再次使用或任何其他未授权使用。存储在手术系统中的任何部件中的信息能够采用专用密钥、公共密钥和/或安全散列算法进行加密。
板组件380还具有一对触点380a和380b以及主体381。该板组件被安装用于在吻合钉钉仓组件被恰当地安装在沟槽120中时同芯片组件362接触。触点380a、380b、340a和340b具有如在图中看到的L形构造以便它们可相互弹性地接合。主体381能够限定卡扣特征件382,所述卡扣特征件382被设置以接合沟槽中的孔383从而稳固地安装板组件。板组件被适当地连接至总线、导线或者具有用于将信息从芯片组件362传送到手柄组件中的控制器的无线通信器或任何其他计算机装置。
在本文所公开的任何实施例中,闭锁机构500布置在装载单元中。装载单元可如上面所讨论的进行构造。此外,本公开涉及具有闭锁件的可移去组件,或者具有闭锁件的装载单元。
闭锁机构500包括锁定件2010和至少一个弹簧2030,并且构造成防止吻合钉钉仓组件115或吻合钉钉仓26的再次发射,并且也防止在已经发射吻合钉钉仓之后及装载另一钉仓组件115之前驱动梁向远侧平移。闭锁机构500被示出为与图50中的滑块148和安装组件2020并排。至少一个弹簧2030安装在朝向远侧的表面2031上。例如,凹槽形成在表面2031中用于接纳弹簧2030。对应的支柱设置在锁定件2010的朝向近侧的表面上。锁定件构造成在装载单元内可枢转,并包括至少一个叉齿2012、后部2014和支撑部2016。锁定件构造成围绕支撑部2016枢转,在图50和图51中作为两个朝下下垂的特征件被示出,并由单个或多个弹簧2030偏置。滑块148具有用于在锁定件和驱动梁处于它们的初始位置(参见图52)时接纳至少一个叉齿2012的孔或凹槽。驱动梁2039能够与动态夹紧构件2040互相配合或者包括动态夹紧构件2040,所述动态夹紧构件2040具有上凸缘2042、下凸缘2044以及刀片2046(参见图53)。
在初始位置上,锁定件2010沿着向前或向远侧的方向偏置,通过后部2014接触驱动梁2039上的边缘2039a,防止锁定件的进一步旋转运动。随着驱动梁和动态夹紧构件在向前或向远侧的方向上移动,动态夹紧构件向远侧推动滑块。滑块的后部148a推动单个或多个叉齿2012,使锁定件克服至少一个弹簧2030的偏置而倾斜。这样将后部2014从靠近边缘2039a的区域移开,并且允许驱动梁和动态夹紧构件向前移动。在动态夹紧构件经过锁定件2010之后,锁定件在弹簧的影响下向前旋转(参见图57)。
在动态夹紧构件和滑块已将吻合钉从钉仓140发射之后,动态夹紧构件向近侧移动,将滑块留在钉仓140和钉仓组件115的远侧端处。随着凸轮表面2041将锁定件移出行进路径(参见图57),动态夹紧构件能够移动通过锁定件2010。一旦动态夹紧构件返回到初始位置,则锁定件2010将防止动态夹紧构件2040的另一向前移动。锁定件后部2014处于接合驱动梁的另一边缘2039b的位置(参见图57)。如果装载单元是接受可移去且可替换的吻合钉钉仓组件115的类型,则钉仓组件115能够构造成使锁定件2010返回到初始位置,以便驱动梁和动态夹紧构件能够再次向远侧移动以发射另一组吻合钉。
正如上面所讨论的,本文所公开的任何实施例能够包括位于手术吻合装载单元上的芯片组件360,如同具有关于诸如上述的闭锁机构的闭锁机构的信息的装载单元116。此外,与闭锁机构有关的信息可存储在芯片361上。例如,闭锁机构接合的事实能够由手柄中的控制器记录在芯片组件360和/或芯片组件362中。手柄中的控制器能够包括用于存储信息的存储器(包括处理器)和其他计算机部件。控制器还可包括电流计或电表,以测量手柄组件的马达中的电流。控制器能够被编程为记录在装载单元和/或吻合钉钉仓组件的使用期间所达到的峰值电流,并能够记录系统中的任何芯片或其他计算机部件的峰值电流。在发射吻合钉之后所达到的峰值电流能够指示,在新的吻合钉钉仓组件安装在装载单元中之前试图二次发射装载单元。可替换地,闭锁机构能够包括传感器,例如,安装在锁定件上的传感器。可以想到,该手术系统能够包括不具有类似上述传感器机构的闭锁机构的装载单元。装载单元不具有闭锁机构的事实能够存储在芯片361中。
手柄组件还能够包括编码器,所述编码器确定马达输出轴已完成多少次旋转,这能够用于确定接合器组件中的驱动杆、联动件、线缆等的位置,装载单元中的驱动梁或发射杆的位置或其他部件的位置。可替换地,可使用其他传感器来确定手术系统中的各种部件的位置。
在本文所公开的任意实施例中,本文所公开的接合器组件能够如在公布号为2011/0174099A1的美国公布申请中所公开的进行构造,其全部公开内容以引用方式并入本申请。手柄组件中的马达在旋转轴上提供旋转输出并且接合器构造成将该输出转变为线性移动的联动件或杆,并且还能够向装载单元116的近侧主体部118中的关节式运动联动件提供驱动。手柄组件和/或接合器组件能够如在公布号为2014/0012289A1和2014/0110453A1的美国公布专利申请中所公开的进行构造,其全部公开内容以引用方式并入本申请。
力测量和驱动电路
本文所公开的任何实施例可包括力测量和驱动电路,或者可构造成与具有力测量和驱动电路的部件联用。用于施加紧固件的手术器械已为人们所知,其中,由马达驱动机构施加在末端执行器组件上的力已通过马达电流测量值来进行估计。然而,在这个测量方案中可能存在随着温度改变的误差源,并且由于一个末端执行器组件与接合器的组合与另一末端执行器组件与接合器的组合之间的摩擦力差而存在不确定性,这意味着仅通过马达电流估计的力在它们的可靠性方面是可变的。
本公开的各种实施例提供了一种包括接合器的手术器械,所述接合器构造成将末端执行器组件可操作地联接至马达驱动机构并构造成直接测量接合器中的驱动力。当前公开的手术器械实施例能够检测过量的负载和/或防止对接合器和/或手柄组件造成损坏,这样可提升可靠性。当前公开的手术器械的各种实施例还能够收集与组织挤压相关的数据。当前公开的手术器械实施例构造成准确地确定何时达到组织末端停止或末端停止条件。
当前公开的手术器械的各种实施例利用构造有应变仪和驱动电路的接合器。尽管以下说明书描述了应变仪的使用,但本公开的教导还适用于能够提供与所施加的压力成比例的电讯号输出的各种感测装置。在一些实施例中,驱动电路包括专用的仪器放大器、定制的调谐2极点滤波器、低功率模式开关、12位模拟-数字转换器和32位微处理器。尽管以下说明书描述了用于施加手术吻合钉的手术器械的使用,但本公开的教导还可应用于包括末端执行器和轴的各种手术装置,例如,密封组织的装置。
图58示出了用于在各种手术操作(例如,内窥镜手术操作)中使用的手术器械1110,并包括马达组1150、电池组1160、接合器1120以及具有构造成施加吻合钉的末端执行器组件1111的可替换装载单元1114。可替换装载单元1114和/或末端执行器组件1111可包括各种尺寸的吻合钉并且这些吻合钉可布置成一种或多种构造。在一些实施例中,可替换装置单元1114构造成可释放地联接至接合器1120的远侧端。
如图58中所示,手术器械1110包括构造成保持马达组1150和电池组1160的吸塑壳(clamshell)1140,并且包括用于经由吸塑壳1140可操作地将接合器1120联接至马达组1150的联接机构1130。手术器械1110可另外地或可替换地包括手柄组件(未示出),其中,接合器1120从手柄组件的远侧端延伸出。在一些实施例中,器械1110可设置有用于将器械1110连接至外部电源的传输线(未示出)。
根据本公开的实施例,使用应变仪1122或其他力传感器以及与其可操作地关联的驱动电路1129直接在接合器1120中测量驱动力。当前公开的手术器械1110的实施例可包括工厂校准后力测量值,借此,斜率和偏移修正因子永久地存储在驱动电路1129的微处理器(例如,图59和图60中所示的微处理器1240)中。通过这种方式,接合器1120可在不同手柄组件或吸塑壳1140之间互换,并且确保了校准后力测量值。在一些实施例中,在行程的末端处的校准后力测量值将升高,这样有助于实现可靠的末端停止检测。
力传感器和测力传感器(forcetransducer)可展现出偏移随着温度和时间的漂移。根据本公开的实施例,测力传感器在制造期间在工厂中进行校准。这种校准向微处理器(例如,图59和图60中所示的微处理器1240)提供修正因子用于由微处理器使用来修改从传感器(例如,应变仪1122)接收的数据以匹配在工厂制造期间所施加的现实作用力。在示意性实施例中,该校准首先需要传感器偏移“Y1”的测量值。接下来,已知力“F1”被施加至传感器,并且测量传感器的输出来提供数据点“Y2”。视在斜率“Sapp”可采用等式Sapp=(Y2-Y1)/F1进行计算。
偏移“Y1”可存储在微处理器1240中(和/或存储在与微处理器1240可操作地关联的存储器中),并且微处理1240可构造成从由传感器接收的所有数据减去偏移“Y1”。这代表了针对从使用y=mx+b等式的传感器预期的直线的“b”修正。斜率修正可通过首先将“Sapp”与理想值“Si”进行比较来计算,所述理想值“Si”是具有力“F1”输入的系统的理想输出。y=mx+b等式中的术语“m”由比率Si/Sapp来修改。
在图59和图60中,示出了驱动电路1129(图58)的电路示意图,并且其包括仪器放大器1220、微处理器1240、运算放大器或“op-amp”1230和连接至应变仪1122的接口1215以及提供开/关能力的电源开/关电路1210。如图60中所示,驱动电路1129进一步包括电压调整电路1250,其提供纯粹的DC电压。在一些实施例中,电压调整电路1250提供3.3伏特的DC电压。
针对电源注入系数(powersupplyinjectionratio)和无电流消耗来选择仪器放大器1220。仪器放大器1220被设计成增强来自应变仪的相对有噪声的信号或非常微弱的信号,例如将信号增强大约50倍。op-amp1230通常具有低电流消耗和小尺寸,并可构造成将来自放大器1220的信号增强约10倍。在一些实施例中,op-amp1230提供具有20Hz的截止频率的20dB的增益,并且可为两极巴特沃斯滤波器(twopoleButterworthfilter)。op-amp1230还可提供低通滤波,以便例如抵制马达噪音,和/或可提供电磁干扰(EMI)抑制。op-amp1230的模拟输出经由导体231传送至微处理器1240的模拟-数字输入并转变成数字形式。由于用于在接合器1120之内容纳驱动电路1129的空间限制,选择op-amp1230和微处理器1240的一个主要考虑是小尺寸。
此后,参照图61描述根据本公开的测量手术装置中的驱动力的方法。应当理解,本文所提供的步骤在不偏离本公开的范围的情况下可合并执行或以不同于本文中出现的顺序执行。
图61为示出根据本公开的实施例的测量手术装置中的驱动力的方法的流程图。在步骤1410中,手术器械1110被设置并且包括构造成可释放地将具有末端执行器组件1111的可替换装载单元1114联接至驱动马达1150的接合器1120。接合器1120包括联接至能够检测过量负载的驱动电路29的应变仪1122。在一些实施例中,末端执行器组件构造成施加吻合钉。
在一些实施例中,驱动电路1129包括微处理器1240和op-amp1230。op-amp1230可构造成提供低通滤波和/或可以是两极Butterworth滤波器。在一些实施例中,图61中所示的方法可进一步包括将op-amp1230的模拟输出传送至微处理器1240的模拟-数字输入。驱动电路1129可进一步包括可提供3.3V的DC电压的电压调整电路1250。
在步骤1420中,应变仪1122和驱动电路1129被用以直接测量接合器1120中的驱动力以获得力测量值。
在步骤1430中,如果基于力测量值判定出已经检测到过量的负载,则调节驱动力以防止对接合器1120造成损坏。
在一些实施例中,图61中所示的方法可进一步包括:在内窥镜手术操作中使用末端执行器组件和/或利用末端执行器组件1111来施加吻合钉。
上述手术器械和测量手术装置中的驱动力的方法可适用于在内窥镜手术操作中利用和/或适用于在开放性手术应用中利用。
任何结合图1至图57所描述的任意实施例可包括上面所讨论的应变仪(或其他力传感器)和/或驱动电路。在本文所公开的任何实施例中,手柄组件或吸塑壳中的马达可以是构造成致动一个或多个驱动器(诸如可旋转的驱动连接件)的电动机。马达连接至电池,电池可为DC电池(例如,可再充电的铅基电池、镍基电池、锂离子基电池等)、AC/DC变压器或适用于向马达提供电能的任何其他电源。
尽管出于示意性和描述性目的参照附图详细描述了实施例,但应当理解,所公开的过程和装置并不因此理解为限制。例如,应变仪或其他力传感器可设置在驱动梁上、动态夹紧构件上、钳夹上或手术系统中的其他部件上。对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是,在不偏离本公开的范围的情况下可对前述实施例进行各种修改。

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